주차원단위 산정 모형 개발에 관한 연구 -광주광역시 공동 주택 아파트를 대상으로-

권성대,고동봉,박제진,하태준,Kwon, Sung-Dae,Ko, Dong-Bong,Park, Je-Jin,Ha, Tae-Jun 대한토목학회 2014 대한토목학회논문집 Vol.34 No.2

도시의 급격한 팽창과 함께 주택부족 현상이 나타나게 되자, 정부는 주택부족 문제 해결을 위해 대규모 택지개발을 통하여 주택보급을 확대시켰다. 이러한 현상으로, 공동주택은 우리나라 전체 주택의 83% 수준을 유지하고 있고, 그 중 아파트가 차지하는 비중은 50%로 꾸준한 증가 추세를 보이고 있다. 이로 인해 아파트의 경우 입주민들의 승용차 보유 증가에 따른 아파트 단지 내 주차공간 부족문제 등 제반 주차 관련 문제가 발생하고 있다. 특히, 주차계획대수 수립 시 교통영향평가의 주차수요예측 중 전용면적을 고려한 주차원단위 산정 방법은 기존 계획보다 세대수는 증가하여도 전용면적이 작아지면 계획주차대수는 감소하는 것으로 나타나, 보다 현실적인 주차원단위 산정이 필요한 실정이다. 이에 본 연구는 공공주택 아파트를 대상으로 현실에 적합한 주차원단위를 산정하고자 한다. 현장조사 및 설문조사를 실시하고, 구득자료에 대한 분석을 수행함으로써, 기존 교통영향평가의 주차원단위 산정 문제점을 도출하였다. 또한, 주차수요예측에 영향을 미치는 요인 선정을 통해 주차원단위 산정모형을 개발하였다. 마지막으로 실제 조사된 아파트 주차원단위 자료를 통해 기존 교통영향평가의 주차원단위 산정과 본 연구에서 제시한 주차원단위 산정모형을 비교 분석하였다. 향후 본 연구에서 개발된 주차원단위 산정모형은 주차장법 기준 정립은 물론 보다 현실적인 주차수요예측 수행에 적극 활용될 수 있을 것으로 판단된다. The rapid expansion of cities led to the shortage of housing in urban areas. The government compensated for this shortage through large scale residential developments that increased the housing supply. The supply of condominium apartments remains above 83% of the entire housing supply, and the proportion of apartments are at a steady increase, at about 50%. Due to the increase, illegally parked cars resulting from the shortage of parking spaces within the apartment complex have become increasingly problematic as they block the transit of emergency vehicles, and heighten the tension among neighboring residents in obtaining a parking space. Especially, the future residents are considered to plan the parking based on the estimated demand for parking. However, the parking unit method utilized to estimate the parking demand accounts for the exclusive use of space, which is believed to be far from the parking demands in reality. The reason for this discrepancy is that, as the number of households decrease, and area of exclusive space is expanded, the planned parking increases. On the other hand, when the number of households increase, and the area of exclusive space is reduced, the planned parking decreases, thus methods to recalculate the parking units based on estimated parking demand is an urgent concern. To estimate the parking units based on condominium apartments, this study first examined the existing research literature, and appointed the field of investigation to collect the necessary data. In addition, field study data and surveys collected and analyzed, in order to identify the problems underlying parking units, and problems regarding the current traffic impact assessment parking unit calculation method were deduced. Through identifying the influential factors on parking demand estimates, and performing a factorial analysis based on the collected data, the variables were selected in relation to the parking demand estimates, to develop the parking unit estimate model. Finally, through comparing and verifying the existing traffic impact assessment parking unit estimate against the newly developed model using collected data, a far more realistic parking unite estimate was suggested, reflecting the characteristics of the residents. The parking unit estimate model developed in this study is anticipated to serve as the guidelines for future parking lot legislature, as wel as the basis to provide a more realistic estimate of parking demands based on the resident characteristics of an apartment complex.

계획된 행동 이론을 활용한 창원시 불법 주차의식 구조분석

전상민(Sang-Min Jeon),박기준(Ki-Jun Park),송기욱(Ki-Wook Song) 한국자료분석학회 2021 Journal of the Korean Data Analysis Society Vol.23 No.5

과거 주차공간 부족의 문제를 주차시설을 공급함으로써 해결하려 하였으나, 최근에는 환경적 문제·지속가능한 교통적 측면에서 주차수요를 관리해 나가는 형태로 패러다임이 변화하고 있다. 효율적 주차수요 관리를 위해서는 승용차 이용자의 차량 이용실태, 주차의식 조사 등을 통하여 맞춤형 주차관리 정책 수립이 바람직하고, 불법주차에 미치는 운전자의 심리적 변수가 불법주차행위에 어떠한 영향을 미칠 것인지에 대해 ‘계획된 행동 이론(The theory of planned behavior)’을 활용하여 구조방정식을 구축하였다. 분석 결과 불법주차 근절 의지에는 ‘행동에 대한 태도(Attitude)’가 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났고, ‘지각된 통제감(Perceived behavioural control)’이 부정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 특히 ‘행동에 대한 태도(Attitude)’ 보다는 ‘지각된 통제감(Perceived behavioural control)’이 불법주차 근절 의지에 더 큰 영향을 미치는 것을 알 수 있다. 향후 불법주차 근절을 위해서는 운전자 심리적 의지를 제어할 수 있는 규범의식, 즉 불법주차로 인한 타인의 피해 정도를 시각화 혹은 계량화할 수 있는 정책홍보 및 상시 주차단속과 같은 강력한 규제정책이 필요할 것으로 판단된다. To manage the demand for parking, it is desirable to establish a customized parking management policy through vehicle usage and parking awareness surveys, and The theory of planned behavior is used to establish a structural equation. The analysis showed that Attitude has a positive effect on the willingness to eradicate illegal parking, and Perceived behavior control has a negative impact. In particular, it can be seen that Perceived behavior control has a greater impact on the willingness to eradicate illegal parking than Attitude. In order to eradicate illegal parking in the future, it is believed that strong regulatory policies such as standard awareness that can control drivers psychological will, i.e., policy promotion and regular parking crackdown that can visualize or quantify the extent of damage caused by illegal parking.

서울시 마을마당의 이용후 평가

김신원,허준,박율진,Kim, Shin-Won,Heo, Jun,Park, Yool-Jin 한국조경학회 2000 韓國造景學會誌 Vol.27 No.5

The purpose of this study is to provide the basic data for planning and designing Village Parks in Seoul in the future, which result from analyzing post-occupancy evaluation. For conducting this study, 10 Village Parks among 45, built between 1996 and 1997, were selected and analyzed. The results of this study are as follows. The degree of satisfaction of 10 Village Parks in Seoul has been evaluated on a scale of 10, to be a 6.68 average. This result means that the most respondents are satisfied with the existing Village Parks in Seoul. The correlation of the degree of satisfaction with major planning factors for 3 types of Village Parks shows that accessibility is the most important factor. As for future directions of planning and designing Village Parks, many kinds of sitting, leaning and resting place need to be provided. It is also necessary to improve the visual quality of the parks with various spatial elements. The research also shows that various facilities for people's use should be provided in Village Parks.

박용래 시의 전원의 의미와 물의 상상력

박형준(Park, Hyung-Jun) 한국현대문학회 2013 한국현대문학연구 Vol.0 No.40

박용래는 문명에 의해 사라져가는 풍경들에 주목하면서 그것들이 가지고 있는 갸륵하고 어여쁘고 소박한 측면을 향토적인 언어로 그려내었다. 그러나 그러한 자연현상보다 더 중요한 것은 그것들 속에 숨겨진 기억 속에서만 존재하는 사물들이다. 한 작가가 그리는 풍경은 실제적 지리가 아니고, ‘내면적 지리’ 혹은 ‘주관적 지리’라고 할 수 있다. 그렇기 때문에 박용래의 시에 나타나는 고향의 풍경은 단순히 자연 속에 놓여 있는 것이 아니라, 과거와 현재가 섞여 있고, 영혼과 사물이 혼재한 그러한 자연속이다. 이러한 박용래의 시에서 ‘물’은 무엇보다 그의 ‘전원으로의 귀소(歸巢)의 설계’를 매개하는 뚜렷한 이미지이다. 물이라는 심상은 그 안에서 우리가 우리 자신을 직접 ‘체함’하는 것이기 때문이다. 물의 이미지는 먼저 ‘접분(接分)의 상상력’으로 나타난다. 이것은 사물과 인간을 자기의 욕망으로만 끌어들이지 않고 표면과 이면의 경계에 자신을 위치시킴으로써 자신의 근원적인 고독의 발원지인 과거와 그 흔적이 사라져가고 있는 현재를 잇고자 함이다. 박용래는 자신의 감정을 철저하게 배제한 채 그것들을 응시함으로써 가물가물 사라지고 있는 지나간 시간과 그것들이 존재하지 않는 현실의 시간을 짜맞추어나간다. 또한 그의 시에서 나타나는 극소량의 물의 이미지인 이슬, 눈물, 샘물 등은 정화(淨化)의 심리학에 해당되는 것으로서 외적 경험에 속해 있는 것과는 다른 양상을 보인다. 우리는 박용래의 이러한 역동적인 물 이미지에서 정화를 통해 풍부하고 혁신적인 다가치(多價値)의 힘을 발견할 수가 있다. 그리고 그 역동적인 물은 그 신선한 실체의 반영으로 우리를 인도하며 우리 자신을 생명의 에너지로 충만하게 한다. 본고는 이와 같이 박용래의 시에 나타난 전원의 의미와 물의 이미지를 통해 허물어진 세계를 상상력으로 일으켜 세우고자 하는 의지적인 “전원으로의 귀소(歸巢)의 설계”를 파악하고자 하였다. Yongrae Park focused on landscapes that have been disappeared by civilization and wrote the praiseworthy, beauty, and rustic aspect of the landscapes through rural words. However, more important thing than these kinds of natural phenomena is something being inside of the memories hid in the natural phenomena. The landscape, which a writer expresses, can be said ‘inner geography’ or ‘personal geography,’ not an actual geography. Therefore, the landscape of a hometown that the Yongrae Park’s poetry shows is not existing in a nature. It is existing in another nature that the past and present are mixed and souls and things are mixed in a complex. In Yongrae Park’s poem, ‘Water’ is the distinguished image carrying his ‘the homing design as a pastoral. It is because that the image of water is, inside of it, that we directly ‘experience’ ourselves. First of all, the image of water comes up as ‘the imagination of the Meeting and Dividing of Objects.’ This does not rope things and humans in only one’s desire, but it is to forget the past, which is one’s source of underlying loneliness, and the present, which its trace is disappearing, through locating oneself on the boundary of the surface and the other side. Yongrae Park interknits the passed time, dimly disappearing, and the present time that the passed time does not exist anymore by staring at the passed time without his emotions thoroughly. Also, dew, tear, and spring water, which were shown in his poetry as a thimbleful of water, are included in the purification of psychology, and these show different phase from the things belonged in external experiences. We can find out the plentiful and innovational power of lots of values through the dynamic water image. Furthermore, the dynamic water image leads us to the reflection of the fresh noumenon, and the image makes us plentiful of the energy of a life. This treatise, like above, tried to understand that volitional “the homing design as a pastoral” to set up the world destroyed by imagination, through the meaning of pastoral and the image of water that were shown in Yongrae Park’s poem.

Pollen metabarcoding reveals the floral resources and niche overlap of honeybees in forest areas

Do Yuno,Park Woong‐Bae,Park Jun‐Kyu,Kim Chang‐Jun,Kim Il‐Kwon,Choi Moon Bo 한국곤충학회 2022 Entomological Research Vol.52 No.12

We investigated the floral resources of the honeybee (Apis mellifera)bypollenDNA metabarcoding as the first step in honeybee conservation. We attempted to identify as many floral resources and as wide resource availability as possible in areas and compared the richness of floral resources between forests and national parks. We found that both forest and national parks can sufficiently support honeybee floral resources; however, national parks were more stable habitats with more complex vegetation structure than those of forests. Also, honeybee’s preferences for floral resources were determined using niche breadth, niche overlap, and network analysis among the floral resources in forest areas. Quercus and Actinidia were the most frequently detected taxa of pollen resources in both forests and national parks by pollen metabarcoding. Even though we anticipated that more various pollen resource taxa would be found in national parks than forests, no differences in the number pollen resource taxa were detected between them. According to the niche overlap analysis result, the honeybee preferred the pollen resources in both forests and national parks, and the co-occurrence pattern analysis of pollen resource taxa in both forests and national parks showed a simple network. Altogether, our findings suggested that DNA metabarcoding of pollen collected by the honeybee can provide useful information on the flowering plants in a given area. As the use of floral pollen resources varies spatially and temporally, periodic monitoring of pollen resources can identify which pollen is required to maintain the health of honeybee colonies.

Quantitative Assay for the Binding of Jun-Fos Dimer and Activator Protein-1 Site

Yang,Chul-Hak,Jun,Gyo,Hahm,Eun-Ryeong,Lee,Sangkyou,Park,Seyeon,Lee,Dug-Keun The Korea Science and Technology Center 1999 BMB Reports Vol.32 No.6

The Jun and Fos families of eukaryotic transcription factors form heterodimers capable of binding to their cognate DNA enhancer elements. We are interested in searching for inhibitors or antagonists of the binding of the Jun-Fos heterodimer to the activator protein-1 (AP-1) site. The basic-region leucine zipper (bZIP) domain of c-Fos was expressed as a fusion protein with glutathione S-transferase, and allowed to form a heterodimer with the bZIP domain of c-Jun. The heterodimer was bound to glutathione-agarose, to which were added radiolabeled AP-1 uncleotides. After thorough washing, the gel-bound radioactivity was counted. The assay is faster than the coventional electrophoretic mobility shift assay because the gel electrophoresis step and the autoradiography step are eliminated. Moreover, the assay is very sensitive, allowing the detection of picomolar quantities of nucleotides, and is not affected by up to 50% dimethylsulfoxide, a solvent for hydrophobic inhibitors. Curcumin and dihydroguaiaretic acid, recently known inhibitors of Jun-Fos-DNA complex formation, were applied to this Jun-GST-fused Fos system and revealed to decrease the dimer-DNA binding.

Quantitative Assay for the Binding of Jun-Fos Dimer and Activator Protein-1 Site

Yang, Chul Hak,Jun, Gyo,Lee, Dug Keun,Lee, Sang Kyou,Park, Se Yeon,Hahm, Eun Ryeong 생화학분자생물학회 1998 BMB Reports Vol.32 No.6

The Jun and Fos families of eukaryotic transcription factors form heterodimers capable of binding to their cognate DNA enhancer elements. We are interested in searching for inhibitors or antagonists of the binding of the Jun-Fos heterodimer to the activator protein-1 (AP-1) site. The basic-region leucine zipper (bZIP) domain of c-Fos was expressed as a fusion protein with glutathione S-transferase, and allowed to form a heterodimer with the bZIP domain of c-Jun. The heterodimer was bound to glutathione-agarose, to which were added radiolabeled AP-1 nucleotides. After thorough washing, the gel-bound radioactivity was counted. The assay is faster than the conventional electrophoretic mobility shift assay because the gel electrophoresis step and the autoradiography step are eliminated. Moreover, the assay is very sensitive, allowing the detection of picomolar quantities of nucleotides, and is not affected by up to 50% dimethylsulfoxide, a solvent for hydrophobic inhibitors. Curcumin and dihydroguaiaretic acid, recently known inhibitors of Jun-Fos-DNA complex formation, were applied to this Jun-GST-fused Fos system and revealed to decrease the dimer-DNA binding.

Quantitative Assay for the Binding of Jun-Fos Dimer and Activator Protein-1 Site

Lee, Sang-Kyou,Park, Se-Yeon,Jun, Gyo,Hahm, Eun-Ryeong,Lee, Dug-Keun,Yang, Chul-Hak Korean Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biol 1999 Journal of biochemistry and molecular biology Vol.32 No.6

The Jun and Fos families of eukaryotic transcription factors form heterodimers capable of binding to their cognate DNA enhancer elements. We are interested in searching for inhibitors or antagonists of the binding of the Jun-Fos heterodimer to the activator protein-1 (AP-1) site. The basic-region leucine zipper (bZIP) domain of c-Fos was expressed as a fusion protein with glutathione S-transferase, and allowed to form a heterodimer with the bZIP domain of c-Jun. The heterodimer was bound to glutathione-agarose, to which were added radiolabeled AP-1 nucleotides. After thorough washing, the gel-bound radioactivity was counted. The assay is faster than the coventional electrophoretic mobility shift assay because the gel electrophoresis step and the autoradiography step are eliminated. Moreover, the assay is very sensitive, allowing the detection of picomolar quantities of nucleotides, and is not affected by up to 50% dimethylsulfoxide, a solvent for hydrophobic inhibitors. Curcumin and dihydroguaiaretic acid, recently known inhibitors of Jun-Fos-DNA complex formation, were applied to this Jun-GST-fused Fos system and revealed to decrease the dimer-DNA binding.

방문 지역에 따른 역사 테마파크 방문특징에 관한 분석 : 중국 개봉 청명상하원<清明上河園> 중심으로

유양, 박준용 培材大學校 社會科學硏究所 2016 사회과학연구 Vol.38 No.1

최근 글로벌 역사와 관련된 기념관 및 유적지 등의 문화, 역사 테마파크의 방문수요가 증가하고 있다. 중국, 한국, 일본 등 아시아권에서도 역사 테마파크에 방문 수요가 증가하므로, 특히 중국 역사 테마파크가 일본이나 한국과 다르게 고유한 역사 문화를 재현하므로, 이러한 역사 테마파크 방문객의 수요 측정을 시도하고자 한다. 특히 개봉시 청명상하원(清明上河園)은 일반적인 역사 테마파크와 달리 송나라(북송) 화가인 장택단(張擇端)의 청명상하도(清明上河圖)를 그대로 재현한 역사 테마파크이다. 역사를 주제로 한 테마파크들은 방문 지역에 따라 방문동기와 방문 후의 만족도 등 특징이 다를 경우가 있다. 그러므로 본 연구에서 문헌 연구를 통하여 청명상하원에 찾아오는 방문객의 지역에 따라 개봉시, 하남성 내부, 하남성 외부 총 3 지역 그룹으로 구분하며 방문동기, 만족도 등에 관한 차이에 대해 이론적 검증과 조사분석을 통한 실증연구를 병행한다.실증 분석을 통해 본 연구에서 연구 문제를 검증한 결과는 다음과 같다. 본 연구의 연구모형에서는 개봉시, 하남성 내부, 또는 하남성 외부의 방문객간의 차이를 파악하기 위하여 설문지의 문항과 일치하게 작성한다. 첫째, 방문특징(동행자, 방문 횟수, 체류 시간, 방문인원, 지출), 둘째, 방문동기, 셋째, 서비스와 시설 만족도, 넷째, 전체 만족도 및 재방문, 다섯째, 인구통계 특성을 분산분석을 실시하여 그들간의 관련성을 파악하기 위해 상관분석 및 회귀분석을 실행하였다. Recently, the visit demand for cultural and historical theme park is increasing, such as the memorial hall and historic site relate to the global history. In China, South Korea, Japan and other Asian countries, the historical theme park's visit demand is growing, too. Especially, Qingming Riverside Landscape Garden which is a historical and cultural theme park of Kaifeng, China. It is different from general historical and cultural theme park because it was designed reproducing accurately the painting of a Northern Song Dynasty painter Zhang Zeduan 'Qingming Festival'. There are cases in which the characteristic of historical theme park's visitors' motivation, and post-visit satisfaction are difference by region. Therefore, based on the research of literature, the visitors of the Qingming Riverside Landscape Garden were divided in 3 groups: Kaifeng, Inside of Henan, Outside of Henan. This paper assets the 3 groups' differences through theoretical investigation, and the analysis of a survey.

여름철 계룡산국립공원 탐방로의 열쾌적성 및 어메니티 관리 연구

안시옥(Siok An),송도윤(Doyun Song),정다워(Dawou Joung),박범진(Bum-Jin Park),심규원(Kyu-Won Sim),박준효(Jun-Hyo Park) 국립공원연구원 2022 국립공원연구지 Vol.13 No.2

본 연구는 산악환경의 기상 특징과 계룡산국립공원 탐방로의 열쾌적성을 파악하고 열쾌적성이 높은 활동 시간 정보, 활동 공간 정보, 활동량 정보를 제공하기 위해 시행되었다. 탐방로의 열쾌적성 분석을 위해 여름철 도심 기온, 국립공원 방재기상관측장비(AWS, Automatic Weather System), 탐방로인 숲길의 평균 기온을 비교하였다. 또한, 계룡산 국립공원의 주요 탐방로 4개 구간의 미기후 요소와 수관울폐도 측정을 위해 총 240개 지점을 조사 후 열쾌적성을 파악 하였다. 도심과 국립공원AWS, 탐방로의 평균 기온을 비교하였을 때, 도심, 갑사AWS, 동학사AWS, 갑사 탐방로, 동학사 탐방로 순으로 평균 기온이 높게 나타났다. 이 결과, 탐방객이 직접 체감하는 탐방로의 열쾌적성을 고려해야 함을 의미한다. 주요 탐방로 4개 구간 조사 결과, 평균 수관울폐도는 동학사~남매탑 구간, 동학사~관음봉 구간, 갑사~연천봉 구간, 갑사~금잔디고개 구간 순으로 높았다. PMV(예상평균온열감)는 활동량이 2.8MET 일 때, 갑사~금잔디고개 구간, 갑사~연천봉 구간, 동학사~남매탑, 동학사~관음봉구간 순으로 높았다. 조사를 통하여, 열쾌적성이 높은 시간 정보, 공간 정보, 활동량 정보를 제시할 수 있었다. 탐방로의 열쾌적성 특성을 파악하여, 탐방로의 어메니티를 높일 수 있는 숲길 관리 방안의 기초를 마련하고자 한다. This study was conducted to understand the weather characteristics of the mountain environment and the thermal comfort of Gyeryongsan National Park trail and to provide information on activity time, activity space, and activity amount. For the analysis of the thermal comfort of the trail, the temperature of the city center in summer, the average temperature of the National Park Disaster Prevention Weather System (AWS), and the trail. Also, Microclimate elements and canopy closure were also measured in four major trails in Gyeryongsan National Park. After investigating a total of 240 points, thermal comfort was identified. When comparing the average temperature of the city center, National Park AWS, and trail, the average temperature was higher in the order of the city center, Gabsa AWS, Donghaksa AWS, Gabsa Trail, and Donghaksa Trail. As a result, it means that the thermal pleasure experienced by visitors should be considered. According to a survey of four major trails, the average canopy closure is Donghaksa~nammaetop route was high in the order of Donghaksa~Gwaneumbong route, Gabsa~Yeoncheonbong route and Gabsa~Geumjandigogae route. When PMV(Predicted Mean Vote) is 2.8MET, The PMV was highter in the order of Gabsa~Geumjandigogae route, Gabsa~ Yeoncheonbong route, Donghaksa~nammaetop route, Donghaksa~Gwaneumbong route. Through the survey, time information, spatial information, and activity information with high thermal comfort could be presented. By grasping the thermal comfort characteristics of the trail, we intend to lay the foundation for forest trail management measures that can increase the amenity of the trail.