HFC-134a와 대체냉매 HFC-152a에 CF_3I를 혼합한 자동차냉매 특성

권일욱,박찬수,홍경한,문기선,최운수,서의경,윤갑식,이종인,하옥남 朝鮮大學校 機械技術硏究所 2002 機械技術硏究 Vol.5 No.1

These days, an attention of environment has been increasing all over the world. to prevent the green house effect and destruction of an ozone layer, an ozone destruction potential(ODP) be zero and a refrigerant for low global warming potential(GWP) is needed. HFC-134a, in which hydrogen is mixed instead of chlorine is a refrigerant used for automobile conditioners and its destruction potential is ecologically zero. However, it is not considered as a perfect substitutive refrigerant as its GWP is high. It is studied refrigerant mixtures in which HFC-134a, HFC-152a and CF_3I with low GWP and zero ODP are mixed by experimentally and concluded as follows; 1. with the variation of speed of compressor outside temperature and flow rate, the heat of evaporator and compressor and coefficient of performance was varied, and influenced the air conditioner. 2. The pressure of evaporator was decreased with increasing the speed of compressor and that of the refrigerant HFC-134a was higher 21% than that of azotrope refrigerant mixed with CF_3I. The overall capacity of condensor and evaporator was increased and HGC-134a was higher than azotrope refrigerant mixed with CF_3I 3. The capacity of evaporator with the refrigerant HFC-134a was higher 6% than azotrope refrigerant mixed with CF31 and the required power with zaotrope refrigerant mixed with CF_3I was higher 11% than that of HFC-134a. 4. The COP of the refrigerant FHC-134a was higher 31% in 1000RPM. when outside temperature was increased, COP was decreased. 5. Performance of HFC-134a is better than azotrope refrigerant mixed with CF_3I but prefered zaotrope refrigerant mixed with CF_3I considering the environment.

점유후 평가(Post-Occupancy Evaluation:POE)를 통한 대학 공공시설의 건축계획연구 : 성균관대학교 자연과학캠퍼스의 학생회관과 도서관의 조사 POE

서기영,문홍길,권종남,김병기 成均館大學校 科學技術硏究所 1991 論文集 Vol.42 No.1

The purpose of this thesis is to study the theory of Post-Occupancy Evaluation(POE) and its application to existing buildings. POE is the process of evaluationg building in a systematic and rigorous manner after they have been built and occupied for some time. POE's focus on building occupants and their needs, and thus provide insights into the consequences of past design decisions and the resulting building performance. In this study, with recognizing the importance and usefulness of POE, two buildings were evaluated according to the process of POE that are the liberary and the student center at Natural Science Campus, Sung Kwun Kwan University. The resultant lessons learned from this POE will provide a line of achieving better building utilization for two buildings and be u sed to set up criteria useful to design similar buildings in the future.

길쭉먼지벌레의 개체군 변동 : Coleoptera, Harpalidae 딱정벌레目:먼지벌레科

徐相在,朴鐘均,權容正 慶北大學校農業科學技術硏究所 1996 慶北大農學誌 Vol.14 No.-

덕유산 지역을 대상으로 길쭉먼지벌레류 4종에 대한 고도별, 계절별 분포 및 이동상황을 조사해본 결과 P.ishikawai가 가장 많은 밀도를 나타내었다. 대부분 종들에서 6월은 저고도에서 많은 빈도를 나타내었으며, 반대로 8월에는 높은 고도에서 많이 채집되는 경향을 보였다. 그리고 9월에서는 6월과 마찬가지로 저고도에서 다소 많은 양이 채집되었다. 조사된 길쭉먼지벌레류 4종중에서 P. audax가 전형적인 곤충의 계절별, 고도별 이동 경향을 나타내었다. Most species were occured at the low altitude in June and at the high altitude in August. And then, in September, they occurred abundantly at the low sites as the same case in June. The trends in population density of 4 species of Pterostichus from Mt. Togyusan, S. Korea, were revealed various tendencies of fluctuation. Generally most species showed the seasonal prevelance in some extent of degree as their characteristic appearance.

작가와 화가

조종권,서명숙 부산대학교 사범대학 1999 교사교육연구 Vol.38 No.-

Pour une e´tude sur l'affinite´ qui unit l'e´crivain et l'artistre, nous commenc¸ons par souligner que l'e´crivain comme l'artiste ta^che d'exprimer ce qui est cache´ et de transformer l'amorphe en matie`re. En effet, la philoophie de la cre´ation artistique a des liens e´troits avec la source et la nature de l'inspiration d'un certain nombre d'e´crivains. Nous avons donc essaye´ de montrer les influences que les artistes ont exerce´es sur quelques e´crivains, de Montaigne a` Malraux. Dans ses 「Essais」 et 「Journal de voyage」(en Italie), Montaigne a laisse´ pas mal de traces des tableaux italiens et allemands. Stendhal, qui e´trait critique d'art avant de^tre romancier, a puise´ certaines de ses ide´es ches les artistes comme Michel-Ange, Raphae¨l et Titien. Vale´ry, a` la fois amateur de peinture et dessinateur, a e´crit 「La Fileuse」 en sogeant 「Fileuse endormie」 de Courbet. Il en est de me^me pour Baudelaire, Proust, Saint-Exupe´ry et Malraux : ce dernier s'est pre´occupe´, depuis sa jeunesse, des questions artistiques et s'est consacre´ de plus en plus au cours de ses dernie`res anne´es a` des me´ditations esthe´tiques. Ses commentaires sur le caracte`re et la portte´e de son imagination visuelle sont tre`s re´ve´lateurs. Matisse disait: "Le dessin pour moi est la traduction la plus directe, la plus de mes e´motions" Pour l'e´crivain, c'est le livre.

Andre´ Malraux의『lLa voie royale』에 나타난 작가의 비젼과 회화적 글쓰기

조종권,서명숙 부산대학교 사범대학 1992 교사교육연구 Vol.25 No.-

Malgre´ tant d'e´tudes sur Andre´ Malraux, il semblerait que les recherches sur la relation organique entre ses romans et ses e´crits sur l'art ne sont pas suffisantes. De plus, en niant l'autonomie temporelle et spatiale de la peinture. Malraux dit que l'oeil du romancier est plus apparente´ a` le´cran qu'au tableau. Voila` les raisons qui motivent notre e´tude. Dans cette recherche, nous posons donc deux questions : d'abord, est - ce qu'il y a une rupture absolue entre ses mondes romanesque et artisque? Sinon, quelle est l'influence mutuelle de ces domaines differents? Ensuite, est - ce qu'on peut generaliser sa remarque sur la difference entre le roman et la peinture? Si, au contraire on eput trouver une analogie, au moins chez lui, quelle est - elle? Pour ve´rifier ces doutes - la`, nous commencons par examiner la vision malucienne, poisque c'est la vision du romancier qui lui permet decrire. Comme texte, nous choisissons 『La voie royale』 qui a e´te´ concue et e´bauche´e´ avant 『Les conque´rants』et est conside´re´e´ comme son premier roman. Aux yeux d'Andre´ Malraux, notre monde est tout ferme´ comme une prison dans laquelle les prisonniers que nous sommes souffrent de leur condition d'hommes avec leurs espoirs pourris. Dans 『La voie royale』, cette prison est de´crite avec son imagination visuelle tre`s riche. La fore^t, les Moiˇs et la mort sont les prisons les plus dures dans ce roman et chacun de ces espaces ferme´s a son image visuelle caracte´ristique, par exemple, les grilles, le mur, la corde du prisonnier etc. Avec cette facon de voir, l'auteur e´crit son roman comme le peintre dessine. Voici quelques traits caracteristiques de son e´criture picturale. Premie`rement, il regarde et de´crit son objet presque toujours dans un cadre. En plus de la porte, la fene^tre, la vitre, le hublot et la de´chirure des feuilles, il utilise tre`s souvent les miroirs et les jumelles. C'est un encadrement qui est la base de la composition picturale de la peinture occidentale et qui donne aux lecteurs des images centre`es et tendues chez Malraux. Deuxie`mement, on remarque que l'auteur re´ve`le particulie´rement le changement des couleurs par suite du jeu de lumie`re et d'ombres. C'est aussi un trait qu'on retrouve dans la peinture impressionniste. Troisie`mement, on trouve dans son ectiture le regard du peintre qui pe´ne`tre l'objet et decouvre une mobilite immobile, c'est-a-dire une temporalite latente que l'auteur lui-me^me n'a pas approuve´e. Finalement, on expose son e´criture impressionniste la plus typique qui est une description des impressions, par exemple, l'e´criture de l'objet dans l'ordre de sa perception, non pas d'apre`s sa connaissance et son raisonnement. A la suite de cette petite e´tude, on peut conclure qu'Andre´ Malraux regarde et e´crit avec l'oeil et la touche d'un peintre.

군복무 청소년의 인권과 복지에 관한 연구

양철호,권순철,박순희,서현미,윤종성,이용교 동신대학교 2005 論文集 Vol.15 No.-

This study focuses on the human rights and welfare of adolescents who are in the military service. An adolescent should have rights of care, autonomy and participate. In Korea, mandatory military service is required for men. Thus their rights can be violated in the military. In this study, the rights of adolescents were categorized as the right to live, protection, develop and care, and the ways of providing those rights in the military were discussed.

종합검진센터 내원자에서 관상동맥질환 위험요인들의 분포

이충원,이종영,박종원,윤능기,김영조,이현우,이무식,서석권 啓明大學校 醫科大學 1993 계명의대학술지 Vol.12 No.3

1991년3월부터 8월사이에 대구시에 소재한 1개의 대학병원의 종합검진센타에 내원해서 종합검진을 받은 남자 422명(69.9%)과 여자 182명(30.1%)을 대상으로 하여 심헐관계질환의 위험요인들의 전체적인 분포를 보았다. 평균 연령은 남자가 43.3(표준편차, 10.3), 여자가 44.4(표준편차, 10.8)였다. 남자에서 연령에 따라 0.05 수준에서 통계적인 유의성을 보인 위험인자는 혈청 총콜레스테롤(TC). 트리글리세라이드(TC), 고밀도 지단백콜레스테롤(HDL), 저밀도 지단백콜레스테롤(LDL), 수축기혈압, 비체중, A형행동양상이었으며 생활습관으로서는 음주, 흡연, 규칙적인 운동, 우유와 커피섭취, 수면 등이었다. 여자에서는 TC, TG, LDL, 수축기와 확장기혈압, 비체중 그리고 커피섭취와 수면 등이었다. 남자에서 총콜레스테롤의 평균은 181.7mg/dl(표준편차, 32.2), 여자는 182.5mg/이(표준편차, 42.2)였다. 대부분의 위험인자들은 구미의 수준에 미치지 못했으나 남자에서 흡연율이 전체적으로 61.8%로 높으 수준이었으며 특히, 20~29세가 72.9%, 30~39세가 75.2%로서 다른 연령군에 비해 상대적으로 높았다. 여자에서는 전체적으로 6.0%에 지나지 않았다. 확장기혈압 90mmHg 이상을 고혈압자로 정의했을 때의 유병률이 여자 전체대상자에서 24.7%로 높았으며 50-59세는 표본수가 적어서 문제가 되었으나 53.1%였다. 어떤 인구집단내에서 총콜레스테롤의 평균이 200mg/dl 미만이면 고혈압과 흡연의 인구집단의 수준에 관계없이 관상동맥질환(coronary heart disease)의 발생은 드문 것으로 보고가 되고 있으므로 당분간 관상동맥질환 발생률의 급속한 절대적인 증가는 힘드리라 사료된다. 그러나 이러한 결과는 본 연구의 대상자들이 대표성을 지니지 못하며 건강검진센터에 자발적으로 내원한 사람들이므로 해석에 주의를 요한다. Authors examined the distributions of the risk factors for the coronary heart disease in the 422 male (69.9%) and 182 female (30.1%) visitors to the health examination center of a university hospital located in Taegu March to August 1991. Mean age of males was 43.3(standard deviation, SD 10.3) and that of females was 44.4(SD 10.8). Total cholesterol(TC), triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL), systolic blood pressure, Quetelet index, and Type A Behavior Pattern, and some of life habit variables(alcohol intake, smoking, regular exercise, milk and coffee intake and sleeping) were statistically significant in age groups of the males(P<0.05). In the females, TC, TG and LDL, systolic and diastolic pressure, Quetelet index, coffee intake and sleeping were statistically significant in age groups (P<0.05). Mean of total cholesterol was 181.7㎎/dl(SD,32.2) in males and that of females was 182.5㎎/dl(SD,42.2). Most of the risk factors levels were lower than the Euro-Americans', while smokers were high with 61.8%, especially 72.9% in 20-29 age group and 75.2% in 30-39 age group in males. In females, smokers were just 6.0%. Hypertensives defined by more than 90mmHg diastolic pressure were 24.7% in females, particularly 53.1% in 50-59 age group, but size of the strata was rather small(N=49). In the light of the report that coronary heart disease is uncommon irrespective of population levels of smoking and hypertension, where average total blood cholesterol level in a population is low(<200mg/dl), it is not likely that the absolute increase of the number of the coronary heart disease will increase markedly in the near future. But cautions should be exercised in interpreting the results of this study due to the lack of representativeness and volunteerism. .

K 대학병원 서어비스에 대한 소비자 만족도

이태섭,박종원,이무식,윤능기,이충원,서석권 啓明大學校 醫科大學 1993 계명의대학술지 Vol.12 No.3

Authors administered a questionnaire to 300 clients visited to the K University Hospital during August in 1992 to investigate the degree and related factors of consumer's satisfaction with the hospital services. Clients consisted of 82 in-patients and 158 out-patients, 52.4 percent of them was male. Four dimensions of satisfaction were assessed which were medical management, administration, environment and attitude. In-patients reported as dissatisfied with the waiting time during receipt, investigative medical procedures and pharmacy (64.7%), lack of conveniency facilities for patients and their guardians(48.8%) and provision of conveniency facilities in the ward(42.4%), unsanitary state of out- and in-hospital(41.5%). Out-patients reported dissatisfaction with the course of medical management and the time needed(70.3%), the waiting time during receipt, investigative medical procedures and pharmacy(68.3%), lack of conveniency facilities for patients and guardians(42.4%). But both in-patients and out-patients were satisfied with medical equipments, doctor's diagnosis reliability and medical effects, technician's attitude more than 50%. Canonical correlation analysis was done to find related sociodemographic factors to the four dimensions of satisfaction. Of the four canonical functions, the first was only statistically significant in in-patients. Its eigen value was 0.56 and its canonical correlation coefficient was 0.60. Satisfaction with environment and medical management was selected as important concept in dependent variables. Standardized canonical function of environment and medical management were 0.76 and 0.35 respectively. It was related with woman with high educational attainment and increasing number of hospital visits. In out-patients, the first, second and third function were statistically significant and their eigen values were 0.18, 0.4, 0.08 respectively which were small compared to those of in-patients. Their canonical correlation coefficient were 0.40, 0.35, 0.28 respectively. Low degree of environment but high degree of medical management satisfaction was noted in the first function which was related with old age, woman and professional occupation. Low degree of satisfaction with administration(second function) was related with city resident, non-professional occupation and young age. High degree of medical management but low degree of administration satisfaction(third function) was related with surgical visitor, man and non-professional occupation. The direction of hospital managerial strategies could be planned and general characteristics of dissatisfactory clients might be suggested with these results.

A New Malting Barley Cultivar, "Hopum" with High Quality and BaYMV Resistance

Jong Nae Hyun,Sang Ik Han,Hyun Tae Kim,Jong Rae Kang,Jong Min Ko,Sea Gye Lim,Yil Chan Kwon,Dong Soo Park,Duck Yong Suh,Dae Ho Kim,Chang Yong Yoon,Sung Taeg Kim,Sae Jung SuhSo 한국육종학회 2006 한국육종학회지 Vol.38 No.1

A new malting barley variety, Hopum, was developed from the cross between Sacheon 6 and Misato Golden at thenated as Milyang114. It showed good agronomic performance in the regional adaptation yield trials (RYT) from 2001 to 2003 andwas released with the

Chemoprevention of Scutellaria bardata on human cancer cells and tumorigenesis in skin cancer

Suh, Seok-Jong,Yoon, Jong-Won,Lee, Tae-Kyun,Jin, Un-Ho,Kim, Sun-Lim,Kim, Myung-Sunny,Kwon, Dae Young,Lee, Young-Choon,Kim, Cheorl-Ho Heyden & Son 2007 Phytotherapy research Vol.21 No.2

<P>Scutellaria barbata D. Don (Lamiaceae) (SB) is a perennial herb, which is natively distributed throughout Korea and southern China. This herb is known in traditional Chinese medicine as Ban-Zhi-Lian and in traditional Korean medicine as Banjiryun. SB has been used as an antiinflammatory and antitumor agent. The SB showed strong growth-inhibitory activity and cancer chemopreventive activity in assays representing three major stages of carcinogenesis. The SB was found to act as an antimutagen; it mediated antiinflammatory effects; inhibited cyclooxygenase and hydroperoxidase functions (antipromotion activity). In addition, SB inhibited the development of preneoplastic lesions in carcinogen-treated mouse mammary glands in culture and inhibited tumorigenesis in a mouse skin cancer model. On the other hand, an inhibitory effect of SB on the growth of gynecological cancer cell lines such as HeLa cell and human ovary cancer (HOC) was shown. When HOC cells were treated with SB, the expression of cyclooxygenase-2 was inhibited. These data suggest that SB merits investigation as a potential cancer chemopreventive agent in humans, especially in gynecological cancers. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.</P>