Application of Artificial Insemination Technology for Dairy Breeding in Mongolia

Hyun‐Tae Jo,Jong‐In Jin,Seong‐Su Kim,Byung‐Hyun Choi,Tumor Baldan,Jung‐Gyu Lee,Yun‐Shik Kim,Sam‐Churl Kim,Il‐Keun Kong 한국동물생명공학회(구 한국동물번식학회) 2011 발생공학 국제심포지엄 및 학술대회 Vol.2011 No.1

This study was focused on improvement of milk production in Mongolia dairy industry by artificial insemination (AI) technology, of which was supported from ODA project of KOICA in Republic of Korea. The study was started from January 2009 to present and 3rd years in this year. So, all data, especially synchronization and pregnancy of dairy cows (Holstein) will be summarized in final result in this year. For synchronization, total 81 dairy cows selected from 4 private farms that were 38, 30, 8 and 5 in Undarmal milk, Onjin (Enkhbayer), Jargalant, and BRM School, respectively. All the dairy cows were injected intramuscular (IM) of 5 ml PGF2α in the vulva and detected estrus 2 to 3 days after PGF2α injection. Total 78 out of 81 dairy cows (96.3%) were detected estrus by only 1 time injection of PGF2α. The dairy cows that were induced estrus, inseminated with 0.5 ml dairy frozen semen by conventional AI techniques. The pregnancy diagnosis of the AI dairy cows was detected by uterus palpation after 60 days of insemination. Total 75 from 78 inseminated dairy cows (90.1%) were diagnosis pregnant. The estrus induction and pregnant rate were very effective using PGF2α injection and conventional AI techniques in Mongolia dairy cow. The results indicated that AI after estrus induction in Mongolia dairy cows could be applied to dairy breeding technology to improve the breeding efficiency and milk production.

21가지 장미꽃 품종의 페놀성 화합물 함량 및 항산화 활성

조연재(Yeon Jae Jo),서정현(Jeong Hyun Seo),홍채영(Chae Young Hong),김성태(Seung Tae Kim),최은경(Ehn-Kyoung Choi),김윤배(Yun-Bae Kim),이준수(Junsoo Lee),정헌상(Heon Sang Jeong) 한국식품영양과학회 2021 한국식품영양과학회지 Vol.50 No.4

본 연구는 21품종의 장미꽃에 대한 식품 및 화장품 원료로 사용 가능성을 살펴보기 위해 페놀성 화합물과 항산화 활성을 평가하였다. 총 폴리페놀, 총 플라보노이드 및 타닌 함량은 러버샤이 품종에서 각각 379.70 mg GAE/extract g, 50.10 mg CE/extract g 및 339.44 mg TAE/extract g으로 높게 나타났으며, 칠백리 품종에서 각각 107.25 mg GAE/extract g, 9.46 mg CE/extract g 및 36.31 mg TAE/extract g으로 낮았다. 페놀산 함량은 총 폴리페놀 함량과 유사한 결과를 보였으며, 러버샤이 품종에서 27.40 mg/extract g으로 높았다. 안토시아닌은 대부분 cyanidin-3,5-diglucoside로 확인되었으며 총 안토시아닌 함량은 유니나 품종에서 8.80 mg/extract g으로 가장 높았다. ABTS 및 DPPH 라디칼 소거 활성은 각각 428.10 및 419.59 mg AAE/extract g로 러버샤이 품종에서 가장 높았으며, 항산화 활성과 페놀 화합물의 함량과 높은 양의 상관관계를 보였다. 이러한 결과는 러버샤이와 같은 항산화 활성이 뛰어난 품종들이 관상 목적뿐만 아니라 높은 기능성을 가진 식품 및 화장품의 원료로 사용 가능성이 있다고 판단된다. This study evaluated the functional components and antioxidant activities of 21 different rose flower extracts, to confirm their value as a food and cosmetics ingredient. The highest values of total polyphenol, flavonoid and tannin contents (379.70±1.64 mg GAE/extract g, 50.10±0.76 mg CE/extract g, and 339.44±1.20 mg TAE/extract g, respectively) were obtained in Lover Shy. The proanthocyanidin content ranged from 61.88 mg CE/extract g in the Unina cultivar to 5.34±0.13 mg CE/extract g in the Aileen cultivar. The phenolic acid content obtained was highest in the Lover Shy cultivar (27.40±0.26 mg/extract g), whereas highest levels of anthocyanin (8.83±0.03 mg/extract g) were obtained in the Unina cultivar. High ABTS and DPPH radical scavenging activities were determined in the Lover Shy cultivar (428.10±0.29 and 419.59±3.12 mg AAE/extract g, respectively). Taken together, these results indicate that the antioxidant activity and functional components of Lover Shy cultivar are superior, and this extract can potentially be applied as a food and cosmetic ingredient.

도시녹지의 대기환경개선 효과 : 서울시 중구를 중심으로;Focusing on Jung-gu in Seoul

조현길,조용현,안태원 江原大學校 附設 環境硏究所 2003 環境硏究 Vol.20 No.-

This study explored effects of urban greenspace on improving atmospheric environmcnt, which is concerned with CO₂, SO₂and NO₂ uptake, and with reduction of summer air temperatures. The site of this study was focused on Jung-gu in Seoul. Tree density and cover were1.1trecs/l00 m₂and 12.5% respectively for the study area except forest lands. Atmospheric purification by greenspace was associated with changes in tree cover per unit area of each land use type. The mean C02 storage by woody plants was 19.4t/ha, and annual uptake averaged 2.2t/ha/yr for C0₂, 1.9kg/ha/yr for SO₂and 5.0kg/ha/yr for NO₂. Entire tree plantings in the study area played a significant role by annually offsetting CO₂emissions of about 1,8301 from fossil fuel consumption by 330 persons, SO₂emissions of 1,620kg by 1,080 persons, and NO₂emissions of 4,230kg by 450 persons. The smnmer air temperature was 3.6℃ cooler at a location with 54% cover of woody plants and 4.5℃ cooler at a forest site with 100% cover, compared to a place with no planting. A 10% increase of woody plant cover was estimated to decrease slimmer air temperature by approximately 0.6℃ until a certain level of canopy cover. Analyzing data from the Automatic Weather Stations in Seoul revealed that increasing tree cover decreased mean air tern-perature for the smruner season (Jun∼Aug) in a nonlinear function. Woody plant cover was the best predictive variable of summer temperature reduction. The results from this study are expected to be useful in emphasizing the environmental benefits and importance of urban greenspace enlargement, and in urging the necessity for planting and management budgets.

서울 남산 도시자연공원의 대기정화기능과 가치

조현길,조용현,안태원 江原大學校 附設 環境硏究所 2003 環境硏究 Vol.20 No.-

본 연구는 서울시 남산 도시자연공원을 대상으로 식생의 대기 CO₂SO₂및 NO₂흡수능을 계향화하여 대기정화에 기여하는 가치를 구명하였다. 활엽수림이 전체 식생면적의 약 54%를 차지하였고, 수령구조는 유목내지는 성장과저으이 수목들로 우점하였다. 평균 교목밀도와 기저면적은 각각 17.5주/100m², 2,580cm²이었다. 식생유형 및 영급별 단위면적당 대기정화능은 기저면적의 변화와 유관하여 영급이 높을수록 증가하였고, 동일 영급내에선 대체로 침엽수림보다는 온효림이나 활엽수림이 더 컸다. 식생유형 전체의 단위면적당 평균 CO₂저장량은 293.8t/ha이었고, 경제가치는 147백만원/ha이었다. 연간 흡수량은 CO₂ 24.6t/ha/yr, SO₂ 17.1kg/hr/yr및 NO₂ 43.9kg/ha/yr이었고 연간 경제가치는 13백만원/ha/yr이었다. 전체 식생명적은 총 72.100t의 CO₂를 저장하고 있으며, 해마다 CO₂6.040t/yr, SO₂4.200kg/yr, NO₂10.770kg/yr을 흡수하는 것으로 나타났다. 그 전체면적의 경제가치는 CO₂저장 약 361억원, 연간 CO₂SO₂및 NO₂흡수 31억원/yr에 상당하였다. 남산 도시자연공원은 해마다 시민 약 1,100인의 CO₂배출량, 2,800인의 SO₂배출량,1.160인의 NO₂배출량을 각각 상쇄시키는 중요한 역할을 담당하였다. 본 연구결과는 도시자연공원의 대기정화 가치를 홍보함은 물론, 보강식재 및 관리의예산확보에 필요한 설득력 있는 기반자료가 될 것으로 기대한다. This study quantified C0₂SO₂and N0₂uptake by vegetation for the Namsan Nature Park in Seoul, and explored values for the park to contribute to atmospheric purification. Broad?leaved forest accounted for about 54% of total forest area, and tree-age structure was dominated by a young; growing tree population. Tree density and basal area averaged 17.5 trees/100㎡ and 2,580c㎡/100㎡, respectively. Atmospheric purification per unit area by forest type and age class was greater in older age classes, associated with changes in basal area, and tended to be greater in broad-leaved or mixed forest than in coniferous forest for the same age classes. Mean CO₂storage per unit area for all the forest types and age classes was 293.8 t/ha and economic value of the CO₂storage was \147millions/ha. Annual uptake averaged 24.6 t/ha/yr for C02' 17.1 kg/ha/yr for 802 and 43.9 kg/ha/yr for N02, and economic value of the annual uptake was W 13millions/ha/yr. Total forest area stored 72,100t of CO₂and annually sequestered 6,040t/yr of CO₂4,200 kg/yr of SO₂and 10,770 kg/yr of NO₂. Economic value of atmospheric purification for the entire area amounted to approximately \ 36,100millions for the CO₂ storage, and \ 3,100millions/yr for the annual CO₂SO₂and NO₂uptake. The park played an important role through annually offsetting CO₂emissions from fossil fuel consumption by 1,100 persons, SO₂emissions by 2,800 persons, and NO₂emissions by 1,160 persons. The results from this study are expected to be useful not merely in informing the public of atmospheric purification values of urban nature parks, but in urging the necessity for replanting and management budgets.

찰옥수수연구 XVIII 시설하우스에서 2기작 찰옥수수 교잡종의 주요 생육특성 비교

나웅현,복태규,고혁수,백승우,조양희,이희봉 충남대학교 농업과학연구소 2013 농업과학연구 Vol.40 No.2

The major characteristics of the developed corn hybrids were compared at each different planting time; 1st time(April 28) and 2nd time(August 20), respectively. Among traits surveyed, stem height showed highly at 1st time than 2nd, while ear height, stem diameter and ear length were similar at two times. Sugar content of the used hybrids showed highly at 2nd planting time than 1st. Pericarp thickness was also high at 2nd planting time. Especially, among hybrids CNU99 was the highest in stem height and ear length, CNU11 and CNU56 were high in sugar content, and CNU51 and CNU124 were thiner than other hybrids in pericarp thickness. Accordingly, these hybrids will be planted and recognized in 2nd yield trial for superior corn hybrid selection.

스테레오 비젼과 레이저포인터를 이용한 거리 측정 시스템

조현,진광식,윤태성,이용중 國立 昌原大學校 産業技術硏究所 1999 産技硏論文集 Vol.13 No.-

In this paper, we studied on the environment map building for the autonomous mobile robot navigation using the vergence controllable stereo camera system. First of all, distance measurements are necessary to build the environment map. So, we present the distance measurement method using the stereo camera system and a laser pointer. To measure the distance using the stereo camera system, finding the common points in the left and the right images are needed. In this study, we use a laser pointer to solve this problem. Secondly, we present the method how to obtain the 3-dimension position information using 3-D geometric schematic of the stereo camera and the measured distance information. This information is essential to the mobile robot navigation. Finally, we prove the presented method experimentally. An image of a corridor is taken by the stereo camera. The door and pillar in this image are landmarks. Therefore, we find such landmarks in the image and measure the 3-D position information for those landmarks. And the, we construct the environment map for the navigation of the mobile robot.

결핵성 수막염 환자에서 결핵균 30 kDa 및 32 kDa 단백항원에 대한 항체반응의 비교

백태현,김선영,이건수,김화중,김성호,조은경,박정규 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1996 충남의대잡지 Vol.23 No.2

The 30 and 32 kDa antigens from Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv culture filtrates, identified as biologically important proteins in the immune responses against mycobacterial infection, were purified and used in enzyme linked ummunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the determination in specific IgG and IgM levels in cerebrospinal fluids of 15 patients with tuberculous meningitis and 17 controls with nontuberculous diseases. High reactivity to both antigens was observed in tuberculous meningitis. Mean IgG and IgM antibody levels differed significantly (P < 0.001) between patients and con trols. Mean IgG antibody levels were also higher than IgM levels in tuberculous meningitis. A comparison of the antibody levels against the 30 and 32 kDa antigen within the tuberculous meningitis patients showed higher IgG reactivity to the 30 kDa than to the 32 kDa antigen, suggesting that the antibody response of these patients is directed predominantly against the 30 kDa protein. However, the patterns of reactivity to 30/32 kDa, 30 kDa and 32 kDa antigen in individual subjects were similar. By the cut-off value adding 2 stsndard deviation to the mean absorbance of controls, the sensitivity and specificity of the IgG antibody to the 30 kDa antigen were 100% and 94.4%, respectively. These values were higher than those obtained by 30/ 32 kDa and 32 kDa antigen. From the above results, it is suggested that the 30 kDa antigen may be dominant antigen and more valuable in the diagnosis of tuberculous meningitis than 32 kDa antigen.

광중합형 수복용 복합레진의 인장강도에 미치는 thermal cycling과 시효 처리의 영향

백상현,채민수,이주형,김태조,배태성 대한치과기재학회 1998 대한치과재료학회지 Vol.25 No.1

The improvement in the mechanical properties of restorative composites has contributed to their increased use in recent years. In spite of their growing popularity, composites still have low resistance to fracture and wear in oral environments. This study was performed to examine whether the tensile strengths of light-cured restorative composites were affected by thermal cycling and aging in water. Five commerically available light-activated composites(Heliomolar : HM, Aelitefil : AF, Amelogen : AG, Clearfil AP-X : CF, Z100 : ZH) were used. Rectangular tension test specimens were fabricated in a teflon mold giving 5 mm in gauge length and 2mm in thickness. All samples were divided into 3 groups. Group 1 was stored in a desiccator for 10 days. Group 2 was immersed in a 37℃ distilled water for 10 days. Group 3 was subjected to 10,000 thermal cycles between 5℃ and 55℃, and the immersion time in each bath was 15 seconds per cycle. Tensile testing was carried out at a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min and fracture surfaces were observed with scanning electron microscope. The results obtained were summarized as follows; 1. The strength data fit to single-mode Weibull distribution(r²> 0.86) and Weibull parameters decreased after thermal cycling test. 2. The highest characteristics strength was observed in the CF group but the highest Weibull modulus was obtained in the AF group after thermal cycling test. 3. The highest tensile strength value of 83.92 MPa was obtained in the CF group and the lowest value of 13.91 MPa was obtained in the AG group. Tensile strengths showed no significant difference between HM and AG groups but other groups showed the significant differences in each group(p<0.05). 4. According to the microscopic observation of the fracture surfaces, fractures of large fillers were observed in the hybrid composites of the AF and CF groups.

결핵균 30 kDa 단백항원 자극에 의하여 유도되는 IFN-Y 및 IL-4 mRNA 발현 양상과 세포독성능

백태현,조은경,박재하,박정규,김화중 충남대학교 생물공학연구소 1997 생물공학연구지 Vol.5 No.-

30 kDa protein antigen, a major secreted protein antigen of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, exhibits strong T cell stimulatory activity. In order to better understand the immunologic activities of 30 kDa antigen, lymphocyte proliferation by ^3H-thymidine incorporation, cytokine mRNA expression pattern using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and cytotoxicity in response to in vitro stimulation of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) with 30 kDa antigen were evaluated. Lymphoproliferative responses to 30 kDa and crude protein antigens in PBMCs of normal PPD-negative and positive donors were compared. As expected, PPD negative donors demonstrated no thymidine incorporation in response to 30 kDa and crude protein antigens, while PPD positive donors showed extensive proliferation to both antigens. Freshly isolated PBMCs were stimulated with 30 kDa antigen for 0, 6, 12, 24, 48 hr, 1 wk, and 2 wk and examined for the induction of IFN-γ and IL-4 mRNA using RT-PCR. The expression of IFN-γ mRNA was greatly augmented after 1 wk, and there was also early inductions at 6 and 24 hr, whereas IL-4 mRNA is consistently expressed through 0 to 48 hr and markedly decreased after 1 wk. In contrast, freshly isolated human tonsillar cells failed to express detectable level of IFN-γ mRNA but showed enhanced IL-4 mRNA expression after in vitro stimulation with 30 kDa antigen for 1 wk. Both natural killer (NK) and T cell cytotoxic activities induced by 30 kDa and crude antigens were also evaluated. PBMCs from PPD positive donors stimulated with 30 kDa antigen showed significantly higher NK and T cell cytotoxic activities than those in PPD negative donors. Crude antigen also induced similar level of cytotoxicity with that of 30 kDa antigen. These results suggest that 30 kDa antigen of M. tuberculosis may selectively activate Th1 cells and be a strong inducer of IFN-γ expression. In conclusion, 30 kDa antigen can be used as a standard T cell immunogen.

결핵성 수막염 환자의 뇌척수액에서 결핵균 30-kDa항원에 대한 항체반응

백태현,박재하,김화중,조은경,최대경 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1992 충남의대잡지 Vol.19 No.1

Rapid diagnostic tests for tuberculous meningitis are urgently needed because delayed treatment increase the already high mortality rate of this disease. In this study, the 30-kDa protein antigen that purified from the unheated culture filtrate of M. tuberculosis H_37Rv was examined for its diagnostic usefulness in detecting mycobacterial antibody in cerebrospinal fluid(CSF) by the enzymelinked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) and Western blot. The mean ELISA values of IgG antibody activity to 30-kDa antigen in CSF of 12 patients with tuberculous meningitis and 17 non tuberculous patients were 0.479±0.245 and 0.051±0.024, and for the IgM antibody, were 0.375±0.223 and 0.065±0.039, respectibely. The sensitivity and specificity were 100% and 94% for IgG antibody, and 75% and 94% for IgM antibody, respectively. Western blot analysis was the same as that results of ELISA. In the positive determination, however, Western blot could be easily determined by the demonstration of distinct band of 30-kDa molecule. From the above results, it is suggested that the 30-kDa antigen is useful for the diagnosis of tuberculous meningitis, and Western blot shows promise as a useful immunological method for the diagnosis.