Prevalence of Latent Tuberculosis Infection among Health Care Workers in South Korea: A Multicenter Study

Jo, Kyung-Wook,Hong, Yoonki,Park, Jae Seuk,Bae, In-Gyu,Eom, Joong Sik,Lee, Sang-Rok,Cho, Oh-Hyun,Choo, Eun Ju,Heo, Jung Yeon,Woo, Jun Hee,Shim, Tae Sun The Korean Academy of Tuberculosis and Respiratory 2013 Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases Vol.75 No.1

Background: We investigated the prevalence of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) among the health care workers (HCWs) and analyzed its risk factors in South Korea. Methods: A standard questionnaire regarding the baseline demographics and risk factors for LTBI was given to each participant and tuberculin skin test (TST), QuantiFERON-TB GOLD In-Tube (QFT-GIT) assay, and chest radiography were performed. Results: A total of 493 participants, 152 (30.8%) doctors and 341 (69.2%) nurses were enrolled in eight tertiary referral hospitals. The mean age of the subjects was 30.6 years old, and 383 (77.7%) were female. Of the 152 doctors, 63 (41.4%) and 36 (23.7%) were positive by TST and by QTF-GIT, respectively, and among the 341 nurses, 119 (34.9%) and 49 (14.4%) had positive TST and QFT-GIT results, respectively. Overall, the agreement between the two tests was 0.22 by the chance corrected proportional agreement rate (kappa coefficient) in 493 subjects. Experience of working in tuberculosis (TB)-related departments was significantly associated with positive LTBI test results by QFT-GIT assay, not by TST. In multivariate analysis, only age was independently associated with increased risk of a positive TST result, while age and experience of working in TB-related departments (odds ratio, 2.29; 95% confidence interval, 1.01-5.12) were independently associated with increased risk of a positive QFT-GIT result. Conclusion: A high prevalence of LTBI was found among South Korean HCWs. Considering the association between the experience of working in TB-related departments and high risk of LTBI, QFT-GIT may be a better diagnostic test for LTBI than TST in HCWs.

In-hospital mortality in patients with STEMI admitted during off hours

( Sung-Soo Kim ),( Myung Ho Jeong ),( Jeong Gwan Cho ),( Young Keun Ahn ),( Jong Hyun Kim ),( Shung Chull Chae ),( Young Jo Kim ),( Seung Ho Hur ),( In Whan Seong ),( Taek Jong Hong ),( Dong-hoon Choi 대한내과학회 2013 대한내과학회 추계학술대회 Vol.2013 No.1

Conflicting results exist on the outcome of off hours PCI in ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). However, there were only a few studies that have focused on the clinical characteristics and outcomes of off hours PCI in STEMI. So, we studied the clinical characteristics and hospital mortality in STEMI patients treated with primary PCI during regular hours (weekdays 9:00 AM to 6:00 PM) versus off hours Weekdays 6:01 PM to 8:59 AM, weekends, and holidays) in Korea Acute Myocardial Infarction Registry. We analyzed in hospital and one year mortality among 5,665 consecutive ST segment elevation myocardial infarction patients treated with primary PCI between November 2005 to January 2008. Total 2,848 (50.2%) patients were treated during off hours. Baseline finding were similar, although regular hours patients were older. Median symptom to balloon time (304 min, IQR 175 to 750 vs. 270 min, IQR 145 to 551, p=0.001) were longer for regular hours primary PCI. Median door to balloon time (71min, IQR: 48 to 132 vs. 59 min, IQR 39 to 110 min, p=0.001) were longer for off hours pPCI. Also, Cardiac enzyme such as Max CK-MB (212.1±299.3 vs 194.7±303.4, p=0.031) and max TnI (72.6±239.5 vs. 58.9±94.4, p=0.013) were increased in off hours pPCI. However, unadjusted in hospital (6.0% off hours vs. 6.0% regular hours, p=0.946) and one year cardiac mortality (11.3% off hours vs. 11.7% regular hours, p=0.661) were comparable. In multivariate analysis, off hours primary PCI did not predict an adverse outcome. In conclusion, when primary PCI was performed within an appropriate reperfusion strategy, the clinical effectiveness of either off hours or regular hours pPCI is comparable.

Prevalence of Latent Tuberculosis Infection among Health Care Workers in South Korea: A Multicenter Study

( Kyung Wook Jo ),( Yoon Ki Hong ),( Jae Seuk Park ),( In Gyu Bae ),( Joong Sik Eom ),( Sang Rok Lee ),( Oh Hyun Cho ),( Eun Ju Choo ),( Jung Yeon Heo ),( Jun Hee Woo ),( Tae Sun Shim ) 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 2013 Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases Vol.75 No.1

Background: We investigated the prevalence of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) among the health care workers (HCWs) and analyzed its risk factors in South Korea. Methods: A standard questionnaire regarding the baseline demographics and risk factors for LTBI was given to each participant and tuberculin skin test (TST), QuantiFERON-TB GOLD In-Tube (QFT-GIT) assay, and chest radiography were performed. Results: A total of 493 participants, 152 (30.8%) doctors and 341 (69.2%) nurses were enrolled in eight tertiary referral hospitals. The mean age of the subjects was 30.6 years old, and 383 (77.7%) were female. Of the 152 doctors, 63 (41.4%) and 36 (23.7%) were positive by TST and by QTF-GIT, respectively, and among the 341 nurses, 119 (34.9%) and 49 (14.4%) had positive TST and QFT-GIT results, respectively. Overall, the agreement between the two tests was 0.22 by the chance corrected proportional agreement rate (kappa coefficient) in 493 subjects. Experience of working in tuberculosis (TB)-related departments was significantly associated with positive LTBI test results by QFT-GIT assay, not by TST. In multivariate analysis, only age was independently associated with increased risk of a positive TST result, while age and experience of working in TB-related departments (odds ratio, 2.29; 95% confidence interval, 1.01-5.12) were independently associated with increased risk of a positive QFT-GIT result. Conclusion: A high prevalence of LTBI was found among South Korean HCWs. Considering the association between the experience of working in TB-related departments and high risk of LTBI, QFT-GIT may be a better diagnostic test for LTBI than TST in HCWs.

Discriminative detection of indoor volatile organic compounds using a sensor array based on pure and Fe-doped In₂O₃ nanofibers

Lee, Chul-Soon,Li, Hua-Yao,Kim, Bo-Young,Jo, Young-Moo,Byun, Hyung-Gi,Hwang, In-Sung,Abdel-Hady, Faissal,Wazzan, Abdulaziz A.,Lee, Jong-Heun Elsevier 2019 Sensors and actuators. B Chemical Vol.285 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Representative indoor volatile organic compounds (VOCs) such as benzene, xylene, toluene, formaldehyde, and ethanol need to be detected in a highly sensitive and discriminative manner because of their different impact on human health. In this study, pure and 0.05, 0.1, 0.3, and 0.5 at% Fe-doped In<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB> nanofibers were prepared by electrospinning and their gas sensing characteristics toward the aforementioned VOCs were investigated. The doping of In<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB> nanofiber sensor with 0.05 and 0.1 at% Fe shifted the temperature to show the maximum responses to benzene, xylene, and toluene, and reduced responses to ethanol and formaldehyde, thus demonstrating changed gas selectivity. The gas sensing characteristics of 0.5 at% Fe-doped In<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB> nanofiber sensor were substantially different from those of the other sensors. Significantly different gas sensing patterns of pure and Fe-doped In<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB> sensors could be used to discriminate between the five different VOCs at 375 °C and to distinguish between the aromatic and non-aromatic gases at all sensing temperatures. The mechanism underlying the Fe-induced change in gas sensing characteristics has been discussed in relation to the variation of catalytic activity, morphology, oxygen adsorption, and charge carrier concentration.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Fabrication of a sensor array using pure and Fe-doped In<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB> nanofibers. </LI> <LI> Discriminative detection of benzene, xylene, toluene, ethanol, and formaldehyde. </LI> <LI> Distinction between aromatic and non-aromatic indoor pollutants using sensor array. </LI> <LI> Gas sensing mechanism underlying Fe-induced change in response and selectivity. </LI> </UL> </P>

DTF를 이용한 순산소연소 조건에서 탈황반응과 CaSO₄ 분해 특성

최욱(Wook Choi),조항대(Hang Dae Jo),최원길(Won Kil Choi),박영성(Yeong Sung Park),길상인(Sang In Keel),이형근(Hyung Keun Lee) 大韓環境工學會 2011 대한환경공학회지 Vol.33 No.6

순산소연소 조건하의 로내 탈황공정에서 황화반응 생성물인 CaSO₄의 재분해가 탈황반응에 미치는 영향이 크다. 본 연구에서는 DTF (Drop Tube Furnace)를 이용하여 반응온도, CO₂, O₂, SO₂ 농도 등을 포함한 다양한 실험 변수들이 CaSO₄ 탈황반응에 미치는 영향을 파악하기 위하여 분해반응의 전환율을 측정하고 반응속도를 계산하였다. 반응온도가 상승함에 따라 CaSO₄ 분해반응의 전환율과 반응속도가 증가하였고 O₂가 존재하는 조건에서 CO₂ 농도의 영향은 크지 않았다. 동일한 조건에서 CaSO₄ 분해속도는 O₂ 농도가 감소함에 따라 증가하였으나 SO₂ 농도가 증가함에 따라 감소되었다. In general, the decomposition of CaSO₄ formed by sulfation reaction in the in-furnace desulfurization process using limestone has strong effect on the desulfurization reaction under the oxy-fuel combustion condition. In this study, the conversion rates were measured and reaction rates were calculated in order to investigate the effects of the experimental variables such as temperature and the concentrations of CO₂, O₂, SO₂, on the CaSO₄ decomposition reaction using DTF (Drop Tube Furnace) in the desulfurization reaction. The conversion rate and the reaction rate of CaSO₄ decomposition reaction were increased with reaction temperature. CO₂ concentration has little effect on CaSO₄ decomposition reaction in the presence of O₂. Under the same experimental conditions, the decomposition rate of CaSO₄ was enhanced with the decreasing the O₂ concentration, but vice versa with the increasing of SO₂ concentration.

조석환경 변화에 의한 표층퇴적물의 시.공간적 분포 변화: 한국 서해안의 무안만

류상옥,장진호,이희준,조영조,최옥인,Ryu, Sang-Ock,Chang, Jin-Ho,Lee, Hee-Jun,Jo, Yeong-Jo,Choi, Ok-In 한국해양학회 2009 바다 Vol.14 No.1

하구언과 방조제 건설에 따라 고극조위 상승과 같은 조석환경 변화가 심한 무안만에서 표층퇴적물의 분포 변화와 변화 원인을 규명하기 위하여 퇴적물 시료를 채취하고 조류관측을 실시하였다. 무안만의 표층퇴적물은 1998년에 비해 역과 사의 조립질퇴적물의 함량이 증가하고 실트의 함량이 감소하여 퇴적물의 평균입도는 6.2${\phi}$에서 5.8${\phi}$로 조립해지는 경향을 보였다. 조립질퇴적물의 함량 증가와 실트의 함량 감소는 만조선 주변을 중심으로 광범위하게 나타났으며, 특히 동암리와 구로리, 압해도 조간대에서 두드러지게 나타났다. 만조선 주변의 조립화 현상은 일차적으로 하구언 및 방조제 건설에 따른 고극조위 상승에 기인하는 것으로 해석된다. 한편, 서측 만입구 주변에서 세립질퇴적물의 함량이 증가하는 현상은 인공구조물(교각) 건설에 따른 조류속의 감소와 위상차에 의한 조류의 방향 변화 등 수류의 변형에 기인하는 것으로 판단된다. Muan Bay has extensively undertaken artificial influences through a series of construction of dams and dykes nearby resulting in a substantial increase in highest high water level. To unravel sedimentary responses to the water level rise, we collected a number of surface sediment samples and hydrodynamic data from in-situ observations of tidal currents in Muan Bay in 1998 and 2007. Comparison of the data between 1998 and 2007 shows that the relative content of coarse fractions, sand and gravel, in the sediment samples has increased with a decreased mean size, on average, from 6.2 to 5.8${\phi}$ at the expense of silt contents. Such a coarsening trend, which is more evident around high water level, particularly on the tidal flats of Dongam-ri, Guro-ri and Aphae-do, is most likely attributable to rising water level. On the other hand, an increase of fine fractions locally in the western entrance of the bay can be explained with changes in characteristics of tidal currents imposed by construction of bridges therein, such as decreased velocities and varied direction and phase of the tidal currents.

개의 비강 내 이행암종 증례

강화정,강상철,정지열,조숙희,노인순,이주명,정종태,김정훈,안민찬,배종희,김재훈,Kang, Hwa-Jung,Kang, Sang-Chul,Jung, Ji-Youl,Jo, Suk-Hee,Roh, In-Soon,Lee, Joo-Myung,Cheong, Jongtae,Kim, Jung-Hun,An, Min-Chan,Bae, Jong-Hee,Kim, Jae-Hoon 대한수의학회 2008 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.48 No.3

A 10-year-old female Yorkshire terrier with the clinical signs of nasal swelling, epistaxis and nasal discharge was presented to the Veterinary Teaching Hospital in the Cheju National University. Abnormal nasal mass was detected in physical examination and radiographic findings. After surgical excision, the sample of nasal mass was referred to Pathology Department of Veterinary Medicine. Grossly, the mass was soft, friable, and $2.5{\times}4cm$ cm in size. Histopathologically, the mass was composed of mediumsized non-keratinizing columnar to polyhedral cells arranged in anastomosing ribbon and large nest. It has complex in-folding of thick epithelial layers separated by fibrovascular septa. Tumor cells showed characteristic palisading arrangement of columnar cells, and perpendicularly distributed to the basement membrane. The cells had pale basophilic cytoplasm, oval nucleus and one or more nucleoli, and indistinct cellular border. Many tumor cell emboli were presented in lymphatics. Immunohistochemistry revealed that tumor cells were cytokeratin (CK) 19 and CK clone MNF116 positive and but CK7 and CK high molecular weight negative. Based on the gross, histopathologic, and immunohistochemical findings, the mass was diagnosed as transitional carcinoma in nasal cavity. In our best knowledge, this is the first report of transitional carcinoma originated from transitional zone of canine nasal cavity in Korea.

Multicenter Prospective Study of Laparoscopic Nissen Fundoplication for Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease in Korea

Sungsoo Park,Joong-Min Park,Jin-Jo Kim,In-Seob Lee,Sang-Uk Han,Kyung Won Seo,Jin Won Kwon 대한소화기 기능성질환∙운동학회 2019 Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility (JNM Vol.25 No.3

Backgrounds/AimsThis multicenter study aims to evaluate the effect and feasibility of anti-reflux surgery compared with medical treatment forgastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). MethodsPatients with GERD who were undergoing medical treatment with proton pump inhibitors for more than 8 weeks and those whowere scheduled to undergo anti-reflux surgery were enrolled. Efficacy of pre-operative medical treatment was evaluated retrospectivelyand effect of anti-reflux surgery was prospectively evaluated at 1 week and 3 months after surgery. Quality of life (QOL) was alsoinvestigated before and after surgery. ResultsBetween February and October 2018, 51 patients underwent laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication for treating GERD at 5 hospitalsin Korea. Thirty-four patients (66.7%) showed poor proton pump inhibitor response. At 3 months after surgery, heartburn wascompletely resolved in 87.9% patients and partially improved in 9.1%. Acid regurgitation was completely resolved in 82.9% andpartially improved in 11.4%. Atypical extraesophageal symptoms were completely controlled in 45.5% and partially controlled in36.4%. GERD-related QOL scores at 1 week after surgery significantly improved compared with pre-operative scores. There was nodifference in GERD-related QOL scores between 1 week and 3 months after surgery. General QOL measured with European QOL-5dimensions and health-related QOL instrument with 8 items significantly improved after anti-reflux surgery. Satisfaction with treatmentwas significantly higher after surgery than before surgery (72.5% vs 11.8%, P < 0.001). ConclusionAnti-reflux surgery improved GERD symptoms and QOL in patients. Anti-reflux surgery is an effective treatment option compared withmedical treatment for GERD patients selected for surgical treatment.

내원시 저혈당이 당뇨병을 동반한 심근경색증 환자의 예후에 미치는 영향

김은정 ( Eun Jung Kim ),정명호 ( Myung Ho Jeong ),정인석 ( In Seok Jeong ),오상기 ( Sang Gi Oh ),김상형 ( Sang Hyung Kim ),안영근 ( Young Keun Ahn ),김주한 ( Ju Han Kim ),김영조 ( Young Jo Kim ),채성철 ( Shung Chull Chae ),홍택종 대한내과학회 2014 대한내과학회지 Vol.87 No.5

목적: 당뇨병 환자에게 철저한 혈당 조절은 논란의 여지가 있으며, 이에 당뇨병을 동반한 급성 심근경색증 환자의 내원 시 저혈당과 병원 내 주요 임상 사건 및 사망률 그리고 추적관찰 1년간 사망률과의 관계를 알아보고자 하였다. 방법: 2005년 11월부터 2012년 3월까지 KAMIR에 등록된 당뇨병이 동반된 급성 심근경색증 환자 5,249명을 혈당 수치에 따라서 저혈당을 보인 환자(≤ 70 mg/dL)를 I군(93명, 72.6± 11.0세, 여성 46.2%), 정상혈당을 보인 환자(> 70 and < 140)를 II군(1,262명, 71.3 ± 10.7, 여성 34.3%), 고혈당을 보인 환자(≥ 140)를 III군(3,894명, 70.3 ± 11.1, 여성 36.0%)으로 분류하여, 병원 내 주요 임상사건 및 1년 후 사망률과의 관계를 비교하였다. 결과: 각 군의 평균 연령은 I군(72.6 ± 11.0세), II군(71.3 ±10.7세), III군(70.3 ± 11.1세)으로 I군에서 연령이 높았다(p =0.006). I군에서 내원 시 비전형적인 증상 양상(p = 0.002), Killip class III-IV (p = 0.003), 심초음파을 이용한 좌심실 구혈률 40% 미만의 환자(p = 0.002), NSTEMI가 많았다(p = 0.001). 전체 대상 환자 5,249명 중 344명(6.6%)이 입원 중 사망하였으며, 이 중에서 I군 12명(12.9%), II군 66명(5.2%), III군 266명(6.8%)으로 I군에서 사망률이 유의하게 높았다(p = 0.006).다변량 회귀분석에서 나이(p = 0.001), Killip class III-IV (p =0.001), 뇌혈관 질환(p = 0.002), 만성 신부전증(p = 0.001), 급성 신부전증(p = 0.001), 심인성 쇼크(p = 0.001), 심실성 빈맥증(p = 0.005), 좌심실 구혈률 40% 미만(p = 0.001), 내원시 혈당 70 mg/dL 미만(p = 0.005)은 추적관찰 한 달간 사망률에 독립적인 예측인자이었다. 정상 혈당군에 비하여 저혈당 군에서 사망률이 유의하게 증가하였고(OR 3.571, 95% CI1.465-8.705, p = 0.005). 고혈당군에 비해 저혈당군에서 사망률이 유의하게 증가하였다(OR 4.088, 95% CI 1.757-9.511, p= 0.001). 그러나 추적관찰 1년간에서 내원시 혈당은 사망률의 유의한 예측인자가 아니었다(p = 0.428). 결론: 당뇨병을 동반한 심근경색증 환자의 내원 시 저혈당은 입원중과 추적관찰 한 달간의 사망률을 예측할 수 있는 예후인자였다. Methods: We analyzed 5,249 diabetic patients who enrolled in the Korean Acute Myocardial Infarction Registry from November 2005 to March 2013. The patients were divided into three groups according to their blood glucose level at admission; Group I:hypoglycemia (≤ 70 mg/dL), Group II: normoglycemia (70-140 mg/dL) and Group III: hyperglycemia (≥ 140 mg/dL). We assessed in-hospital mortality and the major adverse cardiac events based on blood glucose levels at admission. Results: The mean age was older in group I at 72.6 ± 11.0 years compared to 71.3 ± 10.7 in group II and 70.3 ± 11.1 in group III (p < 0.006). A total of 344 patients died during hospitalization. In-hospital mortality was higher in group I at 12.9%, compared to 5.2% in group II and 6.8% in group III (p < 0.006). Multivariable logistic regression analysis determined that the independent predictors of 1-month mortality were age, Killip class III-IV, cerebrovascular disease, chronic renal failure, acute renal failure, cardiogenic shock, ventricular tachycardia, ejection fraction < 40% and hypoglycemia in admission. The mortality rate at 1 month was significantly higher in group I compared to group II (odds ratio [OR] 3.571; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.465-8.705, p = 0.005) compared to group II and group III (OR 4.088; 95% CI 1.757-9.511, p = 0.001). Conclusions: Hypoglycemia on admission was an important predictor of in-hospital and one-month mortality in AMI patients with diabetes mellitus. (Korean J Med 2014;87:565-573)

In-situ 탄산화 방법이 바닥용 드라이 모르타르의 강도에 미치는 영향

김진성(Kim, Jin Sung),인병은(In, Byung Eun),남성영(Nam, Seong Young),김춘식(Kim, Chun Sik),조성현(Jo, Sung Hyun) 한국콘크리트학회 2022 한국콘크리트학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.34 No.2