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노인순,조성애,엄석용,조상래 연세대학교의과대학 2013 Yonsei medical journal Vol.54 No.3
Purpose: Guinea pig is one of the most suitable animal models for Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tb) infection since it shows similarities to pulmonary infection in humans. Although guinea pig shows hematogenous spread of M. tb infection into the whole body, immunological studies have mainly focused on granulomatous tissues in lungs and spleens. In order to investigate the time-course of disease pathogenesis and immunological profiles in each infected organ, we performed the following approaches with guinea pigs experimentally infected with M. tb over a 22-week post-infection period. Materials and Methods: We examined body weight changes, M. tb growth curve, cytokine gene expression (IFN-γ and TNF-α), and histopathology in liver, spleen, lungs and lymph nodes of infected guinea pigs. Results:The body weights of infected guinea pigs did not increase as much as uninfected ones and the number of M. tb bacilli in their organs increased except bronchotracheal lymph node during the experimental period. The gene expression of IFN-γ and TNF-α was induced between 3 and 6 weeks of infection; however, kinetic profiles of cytokine gene expression showed heterogeneity among organs over the study period. Histophathologically granulomatous lesions were developed in all four organs of infected guinea pigs. Conclusion: Although IFN-γ and TNF-α gene expression profiles showed heterogeneity, the granuloma formation was clearly observed in every organ regardless of whether the number of bacilli increased or decreased. However, this protective immunity was accompanied with severe tissue damage in all four organs, which may lead to the death of guinea pigs.
어머니의 양육태도 및 유아의 자기조절능력이 유아리더십에 미치는 영향
노인순,문혁준 한국보육지원학회 2012 한국보육지원학회지 Vol.8 No.5
The aim of the present study was to analyze the elements of young children’s leadership which is influenced by socio-demographic variable elements, mother's parental attitude and the ability of children' self-regulation with subjects of 435five-year-old children and their mothers. Results showed that there was a difference in children's total leadership according to the gender. Regarding differences of mother’s rearing attitude, boys showed higher self–control and leadership than girls. In differences of self-regulation and leadership, girls had a higher ability of self-regulation and leadership than boys. For birth order, parents who had more than 2children show higher Control enemy rearing attitude. Regarding mother's employment,a working mother had freer rearing attitudes. Regarding a mother’s educational background, there were differences of groups among rearing attitudes. In differences of family monthly income, there were differences regarding AE static rearing attitudes,autonomous parenting attitudes and get-up-and-go of leadership. Secondly, as a result of the relationship among mother's rearing attitudes had a static correlation between autonomous parenting attitudes and control enemy rearing attitudes. Thirdly,the children’s leadership is high when the family income is high, mother’s rearing attitude is free and children’s ability of self-control is high.