지속성 외래 복막투석 환자에서 염증 지표와 고해상도 B 모드 경동맥 초음파 소견의 연관성에 관한 연구

송현용,송영수,안철우,강신욱,최규헌,하성규,이현철,이호영,한대석 대한신장학회 2002 Kidney Research and Clinical Practice Vol.21 No.2

배 경 : 저알부민혈증 및 C-반응 단백(C-reactive protein, CRP)이 증가된 지속성 외래 복막투석 환자의 사망률이 높은 정확한 이유는 밝혀져 않다. 혈액투석 환자에서처럼 복막투석 환자에서 저알부민혈증 및 염증반응이 심혈관계 질환 위험인자 인지 알아보고자 하였다. 방 법: 비당뇨병성 말기 신부전, 지속성 외래 복막투석 환자 93명의 심혈관계 질환 위험인자들과 복막 투과 특성 및 알부민, CRP 등의 염증지표에 따라 고해상도 초음파를 이용한 경동맥내막-중간막 두께, 내막-중간막 면적, 플라크의 유무 등을 단면적으로 비교하였다. 결 과: 복막 투과 특성은 고투과막군 14명, 중간 고투과막군 38명, 중간 저투과막군 31명, 저투과막군 10명으로 각 군간의 경동맥 내막-중간막 두께, 플라크 유무 및 내막-중간막 면적의 차이는 없었다. 기존 관상동맥 질환 환자는 8예(8.6%)로 내막-중간막 두께는 관상동맥 질환이 없는 환자보다 증가되었고(0.79±0.21 vs 0.60±0.11 mm, p<0.05) 플라크 형성은 더 많이 보이나 통계적 유의성은 없었다(75.0 vs 63.5%, p>0.05). 혈청 알부민치와 경동맥 내막-중간막 면적은 역상관관계를 보였다(r=-0.27, p<0.05). 저알부민혈증 환자(혈청 알부민 <3.5 g/dL)는 정상 알부민혈증 환자보다 내막-중간막 두께가 증가되었고(0.67±0.15 vs 0.61±0.12 mm, p<0.05), 플라크도 유의하게 많았다(68.0 vs 55.8%, p<0.05). 혈청 CRP치와 경동맥 내막-중간막 면적은 양의 상관관계가 있었으며(r=0.21, p<0.05) CRP가 높은 환자(≥0.8 mg/dL, n=18)에서플라크가 많이 관찰되었으나(65.8 vs 50.0%, p<0.05) 경동맥 내막-중간막 두께 및 내막-중간막면적은 양군간에 차이가 없었다. 다변량 회귀 분석상 경동맥 내막-중간막 두께에 영향을 미치는 인자는 고령, 높은 CRP, 기존 심혈관계질환, 낮은 혈청 알부민 순이였다. 결 론 : 복막투석 환자에서 고해상도 초음파를 이용한 경동맥 내막-중간막 두께 측정은 심혈관계 질환 유무 예측의 비침습적 검사가 될 수 있고 저알부민혈증 및 높은 CRP과 같은 만성염증 지속상태가 복막투석 환자에서 죽상 동맥 경화증의 발생을 증가시킨다고 가정할 수 있다. Background : Continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis(CAPD) patients with low albumin(LA) and signs of inflammation reflected by increased C-reactive protein(CRP) level have an increased mortality, but the mechanism of this phenomenon is not clear yet. Methods : To answer whether LA and inflammation also enhance cardiovascular risk in CAPD patients, we performed cross sectional study measuring carotid artery intima-media thickness(IMT), calculated intima-media area(cIM area) and the presence of plaque by high-resolution B-mode ultrasonography in 93 non-diabetic CAPD patients. Results : Patients with coronary artery disease (CAD, n=8) had significantly increased IMT(0.79± 0.21 mm vs. 0.60±0.11 mm, p<0.05) and higher prevalence of carotid plaques(75.0% vs. 63.5%) compared to the non-CAD patients. Significant inverse correlation was observed between serum albumin (SA) level and cIM area(r=-0.27, p<0.05). Those patients with LA(SA <3.5 g/dL) had significantly increased IMT compared to non-LA patients(0.67±0.15 mm vs 0.61±0.12 mm, p<0.05). Prevalence of carotid plaques was also significantly higher in LA patients (68.0% vs. 55.8%, p<0.05). CRP level revealed a significant positive correlation with cIM area(r=0.21, p< 0.05). Patients with high CRP(≥0.8 mg/dL, n=18) had higher prevalence of carotid plaques (65.8% vs. 50.0%, p<0.05) compared to those patients with CRP <0.8 mg/dL, but IMT and cIMT area were not different. By multivariate logistic regression analysis, old age, high CRP, history of CAD and low SA were the independent risk factors affecting IMT. Conclusion : Our study strongly suggests that low albumin and chronic inflammatory state of CAPD patients could be associated with increasing atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. (Korean J Nephrol 2002;21(2):285-294)

수정 Cam-clay 이론을 이용한 점토의 비배수 강도 예측에 관한 연구

이송 ( Lee¸ Song ),이규환 ( Lee¸ Kyu-hwan ),김태훈 ( Kim¸ Tae-hwoon ) 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 2002 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.6 No.2

국내 지역에서 대부분의 자연 연약점토는 약간 또는 매우 과압밀된 상태를 갖고 있다. 이러한 연약한 지반에 제방을 건설하기 위해서는 지반의 지지력이 결정되어야 하며, 응력이력에 따른 비배수 전단강도는 단계하중재하시 재방의 단계성토고와 안정성을 분석함에 매우 중요하게 하다. 이러한 점에서 한계상태이론의 Cam-clay 이론은 정규압밀과 과압밀된 점토지반의 비배 수 전단강도를 예측함에 있어 합리적인 결과를 주며, 비등방조건에서 비배수 전단강도의 예측 은 실내삼축시험과 잘일치하고 있다. 따라서, 본 논문에서는 MCCM 이론의 적용성을 국내 저소성 실트질 점토를 블록 샘플링하여 실내 등방 및 비등방 시험을 실시하여 검증하였으며, 과거 여러 지역에서 연구된 결과들과 비교하여 재분석하였다.

차티즘 운동

송규범 서원대학교 인문과학연구소 2000 인문과학연구 Vol.9 No.2

植生

宋鎬京,禹仁植,張圭寬 忠南大學校 環境問題硏究所 1991 環境硏究 Vol.9 No.-

전북 진안군 용담댐 주변의 植生과 土壤環境을 把握하기 위하여 1991년 10월11일에서 12일에 걸쳐 Mueller-Dombois & Ellenberg의 releve method에 의하여 12個所를 選定하였다. 植生은 10m×10m의 方形區를 設置하여 胸高直徑 3㎝ 以上의 樹種을 대상으로 매목조사를 실시하였고, 土壤은 方形區내에서 약 2㎏을 採取하였으며 分析한 結果는 다음과 같다. 교목층에 출현한 種 數는 24種이었으며, 重要値가 높은 種 順位는 리기다소나무, 일본잎갈나무, 굴참나무, 밤나무, 소나무 등의 순이었으며 관목층에 출현한 종수는 87종이고, 森林群集은 리기다소나무群集, 일본잎 갈나무群集, 굴참나무群集으로 區分되었다. 토양의 pH는 5.0- 6.3이고 全窒素는 0.12%-0.70%, 有機物含量은 1.7%-16.4%, 有效燐酸은 4-16ppm, C.E.C. 는 5.7-14.5(me/100g), K?는 0.17-0.16(me/100g), Ca??는 0.8-10.3(me/100g), Mg??는 0.5-3.5(me/100g)이다.

DCCA에 의한 서어나무류 群集과 環境의 相關關係 分析

宋鎬京,張圭寬 忠南大學校環境問題硏究所 1993 環境硏究 Vol.11 No.-

서어나무류 群落의 種 造成과 立地와의 關係를 究明하기 위하여 서어나무군락 11個所, 개서어나무군락 22個所, 까치박달나무군락 7個所를 選定하고, DCCA 方法을 使用하여 分析한 結果는 다음과 같다. 1. 서어나무군락에서 重要値가 높은 種은 서어나무, 쪽동백나무, 신갈나무, 졸참나무, 대팻집나무, 당단풍, 까치박달나무, 물푸레 나무, 사람주나무 등의 순이다. 개서어나무 군락에서 重要値가 높은 種은 개서어나무, 졸참나무, 서어나무, 생강나무, 신갈나무, 고로쇠나무, 당단풍, 비목나무, 쪽동백나무 등의 순이다. 까치박달나무군락에서 重要値가 높은 種은 까치박달나무, 신갈나무, 서어나무, 쪽동백나무, 당단풍, 졸참나무 등의 순이다. 2. 主要 優占種의 種 多樣性은 서어나무군락이 가장 높고, 까치박달나무군락이 가장 낮았으며, 群落別 土壤 分析 結果를 보면 개서어나무군락이 C.E.C.를 제외한 全窒素, 有機物含量, 有效燐酸, K+, Ca++, Mg++ 等의 養料가 양호한 것으로 나타냈다. 3. 群落과 環境 要因들과의 상관관계를 보면, 개서어나무군락은 全窒素가 많은 곳에, 서어나무군락은 海拔高가 높은 곳에 주로 分布하고 있으며, 까치박달나무군락은 全窒素가 낮고 高度가 중간인 部分에 주로 分布하고 있다. On the basis of Braun-Blanquet, 40 quadrats were sampled by the releve method of Muller-Dombois & Ellenberg in natural forests of Mt. Chiri, Mt. Deokyu, Mt. Kyeryong, and Mt. Sokri. The quadrats were sampled 11 plots in Carpinus laxiflora forest, 22 plots in C. tschonoskii forest, and 7 plots in C. cordata forest. The method of DCCA were introduced to elucidate the relations of site factors and species composition in the same quadrats. The dominant tree species distributed in the region of Carpinus laxiflora communites were C. laxiflora, Styrax obassia, Quercus mongolica, and Q. serrata in descending order. The dominant tree species distributed in the region of Carpinus tschonoskii communities were C. tschonoskii, Q. serrata, C. laxiflora, and Lindera obtusiloba in descending order. The dominant tree species distributed in the region of Carpinus cordata communities were C. cordata, Q. mongolica, C. laxiflora, and S. obassia in descending order. The species diversities of major dominant species recorded the highest value in the communities of Carpinus laxiflora but the lowest value in the communities of C. cordata. The nutrient contents of total nitrogen, organic matter, available phosphorus, K+, Ca++, and Mg++ except of C.E.C. value were the highest values in the forest soils of C. tschonoskii communities. In the relations of major species communities and environmental factors, Carpinus tschonoskii communities were distributed in the good nutrition of total nitrogen, C. laxiflora communities in the high elevation area, C. cordata communities in the poor nutrition of total nitrogen and in the medium elevation area.

희귀 진세노사이드 Rg6, Rg4, Rk3 및 Rh4의 효능 연구

정규진, 이지현, 조수현, 송규용 충남대학교 약학대학 의약품개발연구소 2017 藥學論文集 Vol.32 No.-

The research on the efficacy of rare ginsenosides in comparison to that of major ginsenosides has not been performed systematìcally and is insufficient, Therefore, with based on the literature survey, the efficacy of the rare ginsenosides, such as Rg6, Rg4, Rk3, and Rh4, is reviewed, and the direction for further research is presented. Sìnce ginsenosides Rg6, Rg4, Rk3, and Rh4 show very diverse and strong activities in various disease models, such as antioxidant activity, anticancer activity, immunity enhancing activity, antì-microbial activity, etc., it can be strong potential candidates as new materials derived from natural materials for pharmaceuticals, cosmetics. and food industry. However, most research is limited to the in-vitro efficacy. Therefore, to systematically investigate the in-vivo effìcacy of individual ginsenosides is required for the application of the ingredients. To do that, it is essential to establish standardized mass production and iso-lation method for individual rare ginsenosides

영지식 기반의 일방향 신분인증 방식

송규석,김태형,류재철 충남대학교 자연과학연구소 1993 忠南科學硏究誌 Vol.20 No.2

Now a days, identification scheme over a network is developed with Zero-Knowledge mechanism so that the interaction gives the verifier the intended result and nothing more. This paper compares the processing speed and communication cost and memory needed for storage of five identification schemes in 2^-20, 2^-30, 2^-72 security level : Fiat-Shamir, Micali-Shamir, Cuillou-Quisquater, Schnorr, and Brickell-McCurley.

뇌종양의 혈관 생성과 세포 소멸에 대한 연구

송규상 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1996 충남의대잡지 Vol.23 No.2

To study angiogenesis and apoptotic indices in the brain tumors, 33 cases of brain tumor(13 cases of astrocytoma, 10 cases of glioblastoma multiforme and 10 cases of meningioma) were seldcted and stained with anti-factor Ⅷ monoclonal antibody and in situ apoptosis detection kit(Apoptag). Among brain tumors glioblastoma multiforme showed the highest angiogenic activity(25.4%). The average percentages of endothelial cells in grade I, Ⅱ, Ⅲ astrocytomas were 3.2, 5.6, 8.4%, respectively and 18.4% in meningioma. Apoptotic indices were highest in glioblastoma multiforme(2.7), followed by grade Ⅲ astrocytoma and meningioma. The results suggest that the glial tumors(astrocytoma and glioblastoma multiforme) seem to show increasing tendency of angiogenesis and apoptotic index ac cording to the degree of malignancy.

간생검조직의 병리조직학적 연구

송규상,강대영 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1986 충남의대잡지 Vol.13 No.2

A histopathologic study was performed on 158 liver biopsies submitted to the department of pathology, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, during the period from Jan. 1982 to Oct. 1986, and the results were as follows : 1. Amont 158 liver biopsies, the hepatitis is the most frequent(98 cases, 62.0%), followed by fatty liver(24 cases, 15.2%) liver cirrhosis(20 cases, 12.7%), and hepatoma(6 cases, 3.8%) The overall sex ratio was 3.4:1. 2. Among 98 cases of hepatitis, chronic hepatitis was 74 cases, nonspecific reactive hepatitis 12 cases, alcoholic hepatitis 5 cases, acute hepatitis 5 cases, and neonatal hepatitis 2 cases. The sex ratio of chronic hepatitis was 4.7 : 1 with the average age of 37.1 year-old and the prevalent age in the fourth decade. Chronic active hepatitis was to times more than chronicc persistant hepatitis. 3. The sex ratio of fatty liver was 2:1, the average age 37 year old, and the prevalent age was the fourth decable. 4. Liver cirrhosis was encountered in 20 cases with the sex ratio of 4:1, the average age of 35.5 year-old, and the prevalent age in the fifth decade. 5. The average age of hepatoma was 42.8 years old and the sex ratio was 2:1.

강유전성 BaTiO₃의 분극처리에 의한 유사체액 내에서 Calcium Phosphate 생성

송종은,김은주,황규석,임용무,박영준 대한치과기재학회 2000 대한치과재료학회지 Vol.27 No.4

Barium titanate (BaTiO3; BTO) has wide application in industry, particularly in the manufacturing of dynamic random access memory chips, electro-optical switches, optical modulators, shutters, optical mixers, and sensors, owing to its ferroelectric and piezoelectric properties after poling treatment. There has recently been considerable interest in the properties of its role in osseointegration. In this study, we investigated the possibility of treating BTO by poling to improve osseointegration by examining the calcium phosphate (Ca-P) crystal growth behavior on the poled and non-poled BTO surfaces in simulated body fluids (SBF). The BTO samples were sintered at 1350℃ for 2 h in air, producing an average grain size of 7 ㎛, which were confirmed by SEM observation. The sintered BTO samples were then polarized (Ep=5 kV/cm) from 160℃ to 25℃ in a Si oil bath for 2 h. The poled and non-poled BTO samples were immersed in 1.5 SBF for 15 days, or 30 days at 37℃. After the immersion period, the morphological and compositional changes of the surface of the immersed BTO specimens were investigated using a field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM) and an energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer (EDX). Qualitative analysis was then performed using fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analysis. Weak and coarse Ca-P crystals had grown on the surface of the non poled BTO, while a marked difference in the Ca-P forming pattern was visible for the poled BTO, showing the negatively charged surface induces a Ca-P layer more easily. We assumed that rapidly adsorbed cations (Ca2+ ions) on the negatively charged surface at the initial stage acted as nuclei for the formation of Ca-P crystals, while no nuclei would be available on the positively charged surface, due to the fact that sodium chloride (NaCl) crystals were formed owing to anion adsorption (Cl ions). In summary, these results demonstrate that poling the ferroelectric BTO surface negatively the possibility of implant osseointegration.