아파트의 적정 건설층수 결정을 위한 에머지(emergy) 평가

임정혁,강대석,이석모 한국환경과학회 2005 한국환경과학회지 Vol.14 No.5

The cost of the construction and management of new apartment buildings was evaluated using a monetary analysis and an emergy concept to provide a new perspective regarding the housing policy of Korea. The systems of analyses were typical apartment buildings with an area of 76.03m² per household in Korea built on the same size of land area. Three apartment buildings with different stories were evaluated and compared; 5-story, 15-story, and 20-story apartment buildings. The durable years of those apartments were assumed to be 40 years. The total cost of the construction and management of an apartment building was divided into three categories of construction, land purchase, and management. A 20-story apartment showed the highest cost and a 15-story apartment the lowest in the monetary cost analysis. In contrast, the emergy evaluation revealed a different pattern in the cost of construction and management, the cost increasing from a 5-story apartment to a 20-story one. This means that the higher the apartment constructed, the greater the cost in terms of real wealth. This result suggests that new evaluation methodologies like the emergy analysis should be used together with the monetary analysis to provide better insights on the national housing policy.

공정배가스의 직접 건식개질을 통한 합성가스 생산

강석환(Suk-Hwan Kang),강태진(Tae-Jin Kang),김효식(Hyo Sik),김지현(Jihyeon K im),이진희(Jin Hee Lee),김현지(Hyun-Ji Kim),이다혜(Da-Hye L ee) 한국에너지기후변화학회 2023 한국에너지기후변화학회 학술대회 Vol.2023 No.5

The Physical and Electrical Properties of Cus - PAN Composite Film

임희석(Hee Suk Im),임승순(Sung Soon Im),강은영(Eun Young Kang) 한국고분자학회 1987 한국고분자학회 학술대회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.1987 No.10

Difference in Emotional Evaluation according to the Preference of Coleus Cultivars

Hye Sook Jang(Hye Sook Jang),Jung Nam Suh(Jung Nam Suh),Yun-Im Kang(Yun-Im Kang),Kyung Hye Seo(Kyung Hye Seo),Myung Suk Ahn(Myung Suk Ahn) 인간식물환경학회 2022 인간식물환경학회지 Vol.25 No.5

Background and objective: This study investigated the preferences and repurchase intentions (loyalty) of respondents to 8 coleus (Coleus scutellarioides) cultivars potentially useful for tropical style streetscapes. Methods: A survey was conducted on 148 general respondents, and the responses from 136 respondents were analyzed excluding 12 inappropriate copies. Results: Through demographic analysis on plant gardening experience, plant preference tendency, and plant-related event, we discovered that plant preference tendency was lowest in the 20s and highest in the 60s and above, indicating that plant preference tendency significantly increased with age. Out of 6 factors on perceived importance of plants, environmental and emotional relaxation for improved quality of life were high. As a result of examining the emotional responses felt by looking at the images of 8 coleus cultivars, there was a statistically significant difference among cultivars. Major emotional words were 'calm' and 'comfortable'. There was a positive correlation between loyalty to coleus, preference, Korean version of WHOQOL-BREF, plant gardening activity level, and the importance of plants, and a negative correlation with PSS-K (Korean Perceived Stress Scale). We conducted a multiple regression analysis including dummy variables to examine the effect of plant gardening activity level, PSS-K, and Korean version of WHOQOL-BREF on loyalty of survey respondents. The results showed that the effect was greatest in the order of plant-related event, physical health domain, age (50's), covers, environment domain, male, and age (30's). Conclusion: Our results demonstrated that coleus could mitigate the psychological stress and depression. As 'Lime Delight' with simple green color showed the highest preference among cultivars, we recommend a green cultivar from the psychological point of view rather than combination planting of multi-colored cultivars.

Cellulomonas composti sp. nov., a cellulolytic bacterium isolated from cattle farm compost

Kang, Myung-Suk,Im, Wan-Taek,Jung, Hae-Min,Kim, Myung Kyum,Goodfellow, Michael,Kim, Kwang Kyu,Yang, Hee-Chan,An, Dong-Shan,Lee, Sung-Taik Microbiology Society 2007 International journal of systematic and evolutiona Vol.57 No.6

침구 치료와 활락탕 투여가 급성요통 및 간기능에 미치는 영향에 관한 임상적 고찰

강미숙,송호섭,권순정,김기현,변임정,황현서,이성노,임정은 대한침구학회 2001 대한침구의학회지 Vol.18 No.5

Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of acupuncture, moxibustion and whuallak-tang on acute back pain and liver function. Methods : We investigated 34 acute back pain patients. We treated them with acupuncture, moxibustion and bed rest, herbal medicine (Whuallak-tang, Huoluo-tang, 活絡湯) and physical therapy and we observed clinical effects and checked the changes of AST,ALT,ALP on admission and ]week later. Results : The result obtained is as follows. The patients were 58.8% male and 41.2% female ranging in age from 29 to 76 years. after treatment, of the 34 cases, 10(29.4%) were obtained excellent results and 23(67.7%) were good, and 1(2.9%) case was obtained fair result, with the total effective rate being 97.1%. AST,ALT,ALP was within normal range on admission and ]week later. and AST and ALP were decreased but had no statically significance.(P>0.05) Conclusion : This study suggests that acupuncture, moxibustion and Whuallak-tang are effective on acute back pain and should not induce hepatotoxicity. even though there are few toxic herbs in Oriental medicine, acupuncture and general herbal medication by a oriental doctor should not injure liver function of human.

Promotion of osteoblastic differentiation and osteogenic transcription factor expression on a microgroove titanium surface with immobilized fibronectin or bone sialoprotein II

Im, Byung-Jin,Lee, Sang Cheon,Lee, Myung-Hyun,Leesungbok, Richard,Ahn, Su-Jin,Kang, Yoon-Goo,Lee, Do Yun,Yoon, Joon-Ho,Lee, Suk Won Institute of Physics Publishing Ltd 2016 Biomedical Materials Vol.11 No.3

<P>We demonstrate that a composite surface of microgroove titanium (Ti) with immobilized fibronectin (FN) or bone sialoprotein II (BSP2) promotes osteoblastic differentiation and osteogenic transcription factor expression in human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Comparisons made between smooth microgrooves, microgrooves with silanization and microgrooves with matrix protein (FN or BSP2)-immobilization Ti surfaces revealed a significant promotion of in vitro osteogenic activity and osteoblastic differentiation at various timelines of culture. An even more significant increase was verified on microgrooves with a matrix protein-immobilization Ti surface in 28 d time-dependent gene expression of the main osteogenic transcription factors, such as ARF4, FRA1, RUNX2, and OSX. As a result, a synergestic effect regarding the promotion of osteogenic transcription factor expression and osteoblastic differentiation in the matrix protein-microgroove Ti composite surface was confirmed. From a multiple regression analysis using various timelines of osteogenic culture as independent variables, day 13 was verified as the most prominent influential timeline for the promotion of osteoblastic differentiation induced by the matrix protein-microgroove Ti composite surface. The FN-or BSP2-microgroove Ti composite surface resulting from silanization can strongly induce the promotion of osteoblastic differentiation in human MSCs. The proposed surface is expected to be useful in the development of a variety of osteogenic biomaterial surfaces.</P>

Bloom의 교육목표분류학에 대한 비판과 그 대안 탐구 : 일선 교사들의 인터뷰를 중심으로 On the Basis of the Teacher's Interview

강현석,정재임,최윤경 경북대학교사범대학부속 중등교육연구소 2005 중등교육연구 Vol.53 No.1

본 연구는 두 가지의 모티브로 시작되었다. 하나는 Bloom이 오래 전에 제안한 교육목표 분류학에 대한 현장 교사들의 반응에 대한 구체적 대안 찾기이며, 다른 하나는 교육목표분류학에 대한 최근의 일련의 개정 작업에서 발견되는 Bloom에 대한 대안의 모색이다. 교육목표분류학은 교육의 과정에서 중요한 도구로 기능을 해오고 있다. 도구는 항상 새롭게 만들어져야 한다. 학문적 논의와 현장의 실천적 노력에서 보다 정교하게 보완하고 그 대안을 모색 할 때가 되었다. 그것은 실제 수업이나 교사양성의 맥락에서 보다 구체화되어 적용되어야 한다. 본 연구에서는 그 작업의 일환으로 교사의 인터뷰와 몇 가지 대안을 단서로 하여 하나의 가능한 방안을 제시하고자 하였다. 학교교육의 중핵으로서 교육과정, 교수·학습, 평가의 문제는 교육목표분류학의 이론적 논의와 현장 실천의 문제가 연계되어야 하는 숙제를 안고 있다. This study starts with two kinds of motive. One is searching for practical alternatives of teachers' responses in service about Taxonomy of Educational Objectives Bloom suggested. The other is exploring alternatives of Bloom's Taxonomy of Educational Objectives recently. Taxonomy of Educational Objectives has functioned as a crucial instrument on the process of education. This kind of instrument should be made as a newer one. It is time this instrument should be made as a newer one. It is time this instrument were made to be revised precisely and alternatives of that were explored through disciplinary discourse and practical efforts in service. It should be applied to be specified in the context of instruction and cultivating teachers. The study has tried to suggest possible alternatives on the basis of teachers' interview and some Taxonomy of Educational Objectives as a clue. A matter of curriculum, teaching · learning , and evaluation should be considered in connection with theoretical discussion on Taxonomy of Educational Objectives and a practical matter in service.

근신경 재생시 근방추와 전기관 변화에 관한 조직 계측학적 연구

강학정,서영석,류임주 고려대학교 의과대학 1991 고려대 의대 잡지 Vol.28 No.1

To understand the regenerative changes of muscle spindles and tendon organs after nerve injury of skeletal muscles, the distribution, shape, size and structure of muscle spindles and tendon organs were observed light microscopically at the reinnervated rat soleus muscles of the pretreated as followings : Group Ⅰ: crushing Injury of tibial nerve, Group Ⅱ: simple suture of cut tibial nerve, Group Ⅲ : exchanged suture of severed tibial and fibular nerves. Soleus muscles and nerves were inspected with light microscopy and electron microscopy for their quality of repairment. 1. The number of myelinated axon of control group were 161, the treated group were 128,145 and 117 respectively in group Ⅰ, Ⅱ, and Ⅲ. The group Ⅰ showed good recovery compared with cut and sutured groups from the view point of diameter of axons, thickness of myelin sheath and their distribution, although the number of myelinated and unmyelinated fibers of Group Ⅱ were most abundant. 2. The muscles of group Ⅰ marked much better recovery than the other groups by 90% of cross sectional area of control group. 3. The number of muscle spindles recovered more than 80% of control group and there were no significant differences among three experimental groups. 4. The lengths of muscle spindles did not show meaningful changes in almost cases except group Ⅲ with slightly long ones. 5. The tandem linkages of spindles were 1 in control and group Ⅰ, 3 in group Ⅱ and Ⅲ. The spindles with underdeveloped in their equatorial swellings were observed 2 in control, 4 in group Ⅰ and 6 in group Ⅱ and Ⅲ which showed the branched type muscle spindles and the muscle spindle continued with extrafusal muscle fibers. 6. The tendon organs were observed 8 in control, 3 in group Ⅰand none in the other groups. 7. No Paccinian corpuscles were found in all reinnervated muscles. Thus, the recovery state of skeletal muscles are remarkable in crushing injured group to be compared with two cut and sutured groups. The muscle spindles, however show relatively good regenerative activity in all groups without significant differences. It seems that the tendon organ and paccinian corpuscle are hardly regenerated.

호르텐스극구흡충에서 Alkaline Phosphatase 및 Acid Phosphatase의 특성

강성구,양용석,박주연,임지애,김인식 THE KOREAN SOCIETY FOR BIOMEDICAL LABORATORY 1999 Journal of biomedical laboratory sciences Vol.5 No.1

호르텐스극구흡충 성충 (adult worm)을 재료로 하여 acid phosphatase (Acp)와 alkaline phosphatase (Alp)의 조직 세포에 대한 분포 및 동위효소의 특성을 규명하기 위하여 Gomori lead nitrate 및 Gomori calcium 방법 그리고 전기영동법 등을 시행하였다. 조직 내의 Acp 및 Alp의 분포는 충체의 소장 (intestine)과 난황선 (vitellaria) 그리고 인두 (pharynx)에서 강한 반응을 나타냈다. 동위효소 유형은 Acp에서 179.5 및 209.4 kDa 두 개의 분획이 분리되었고, Alp은 145.9, 207.5 및 220.8 kDa의 세 개의 분획이 분리되었다. 열에 대한 안정도는 Alp가 90℃에서 12초 경과 후에 완전히 불활성화 되었으며, Alp의 최적 온도 및 pH는 40℃와 pH 9이었고 Acp의 최적 pH는 5였다. 그리고 Acp 및 Alp의 최대활성도 (unit)는 Acp가 71 범위였고, Alp는 189의 범위에 있었다. 이상에서와 같이 호르텐스극구흡충은 phosphatase가 소화관과 난황선에서 주로 분포하고 있었으며 숙주 체내에서 소화관을 중심으로 대사가 활발하게 이루어지고 있음을 알 수 있었다. This study was aimed to investigate the enzyme-histochemical localization and characteristics of alkaline and acid phosphatase extracted from adult of Echinostoma hortense. Using the Gomori calcium stain and the Gomori lead nitrate satin method, we found that the alkaline and acid phosphatases were localized mostly in the intestine, vitellaria and pharynx of Echinostoma hortense. The three isozymes of alkaline phosphatase and two isozymes of acid phosphatase were separated from Echinostoma hortense by electrophoresis. The isozymes of alkaline phosphatase were 145.9, 207.5, 220.8 kDa and the isozymes of acid phosphatase were 175.9 and 209.4 kDa. The activity of alkaline phosphatase was denatured completely after heating at 90℃ for 12 seconds. The optimum pH and temperature for activity of alkaline phosphatase were about pH 9 and 40℃, while the optimum pH for activity of acid phosphatase was about pH 5. The maximum activity of alkaline phosphatase was at 189 unit, but maximum activity of acid phosphatase was at 71 unit. As the result from above, we observed that alkaline and acid phosphatases funtion mainly in the alimentary tract and vitellaria. Echinostoma hortense performs the parasitism in the intestine of host by using proper isozyme of phosphatase.