Adult invasive pneumococcal disease in the Republic of Korea: Risk medical conditions and mortality stratified by age group

Kim, Jong Hun,Baik, Seung Hee,Chun, Byung Chul,Song, Joon Young,Bae, In-Gyu,Kim, Hyo Youl,Kim, Dong-Min,Choi, Young Hwa,Choi, Won Suk,Jo, Yu Mi,Kwon, Hyun Hee,Jeong, Hye Won,Kim, Yeon-Sook,Kim, Jeong Elsevier 2018 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES Vol.74 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P><B>Objectives</B></P> <P>This study aimed to characterize the risk factors for mortality in adult patients with invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) stratified by age groups, after implementation of the national immunization program of 23-valent polysaccharide vaccine (PPSV23) for those aged ≥65 years in the Republic of Korea (ROK).</P> <P><B>Methods</B></P> <P>Clinical data and pneumococcal isolates from adult patients with IPD (≥18 years of age) were collected prospectively from 20 hospitals through the nationwide surveillance program from March 2013 to October 2015.</P> <P><B>Results</B></P> <P>A total of 319 patients with IPD were enrolled. Median age was 69 years. Overall in-hospital mortality was 34.2%: 17.1% in those aged 18–49 years, 23.7% in those aged 50–64 years, 33.0% in those aged 65–74 years, and 51.0% in those aged ≥75 years (<I>p<</I> 0.001). In particular, early death within 7days of hospitalization accounted for 60.6% (66/109). While old age (≥65 years), higher Pitt bacteremia score (≥4), and bacteremic pneumonia were independently associated with IPD mortality in all age groups, an additional mortality risk factor of immunocompromised status was identified for patients aged 50–64 years. PPSV23 serotypes accounted for 64.4% (122/189) of the pneumococcal isolates serotyped.</P> <P><B>Conclusions</B></P> <P>This study suggests that vaccine-type IPD continues to place a substantial burden on older adults in the ROK, necessitating an effective vaccination strategy for those at higher risk.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> National immunization of the elderly with the 23-valent polysaccharide vaccine (PPSV23) was implemented in Korea in 2013. </LI> <LI> Overall in-hospital mortality was 34.2% for adult invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) and 51.0% for patients ≥75 years of age. </LI> <LI> Mortality risks were older age, higher bacteremia score, and immunocompromised status. </LI> <LI> An effective vaccination strategy for those at higher risk of IPD is needed. </LI> </UL> </P>

Suppression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma-coactivator-1alpha normalizes the glucolipotoxicity-induced decreased BETA2/NeuroD gene transcription and improved glucose tolerance in diabetic rats.

Kim, Ji-Won,You, Young-Hye,Ham, Dong-Sik,Cho, Jae-Hyoung,Ko, Seung-Hyun,Song, Ki-Ho,Son, Ho-Young,Suh-Kim, Haeyoung,Lee, In-Kyu,Yoon, Kun-Ho Association for the Study of Internal Secretions 2009 Endocrinology Vol.150 No.9

<P>Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma-coactivator-1alpha (PGC-1alpha) is significantly elevated in the islets of animal models of diabetes. However, the molecular mechanism has not been clarified. We investigated whether the suppression of PGC-1alpha expression protects against beta-cell dysfunction in vivo and determined the mechanism of action of PGC-1alpha in beta-cells. The studies were performed in glucolipotixicity-induced primary rat islets and INS-1 cells. In vitro and in vivo approaches using adenoviruses were used to evaluate the role of PGC-1alpha in glucolipotoxicity-associated beta-cell dysfunction. The expression of PGC-1alpha in cultured beta-cells increased gradually with glucolipotoxicity. The overexpression of PGC-1alpha also suppressed the expression of the insulin and beta-cell E-box transcription factor (BETA2/NeuroD) genes, which was reversed by PGC-1alpha small interfering RNA (siRNA). BETA2/NeuroD, p300-enhanced BETA2/NeuroD, and insulin transcriptional activities were significantly suppressed by Ad-PGC-1alpha but were rescued by Ad-siPGC-1alpha. PGC-1alpha binding at the glucocorticoid receptor site on the BETA2/NeuroD promoter increased in the presence of PGC-1alpha. Ad-siPGC-1alpha injection through the celiac arteries of 90% pancreatectomized diabetic rats improved their glucose tolerance and maintained their fasting insulin levels. The suppression of PGC-1alpha expression protects the glucolipotoxicity-induced beta-cell dysfunction in vivo and in vitro. A better understanding of the functions of molecules such as PGC-1alpha, which play key roles in intracellular fuel regulation, could herald a new era of the treatment of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus by providing protection from glucolipotoxicity, which is an important cause of the development and progression of the disease.</P>

베이커리 매장 내 구매촉진을 위한 사용자 경험 연구

김홍인(Kim, Hong In),양민혜(Yang, Min Hye),손상득(Son, Sang Deuk),김승인(Kim, Seung In) 한국디지털디자인협의회 2013 디지털디자인학연구 Vol.13 No.1

본 연구는 베이커리 매장 내 물리적 환경요소에 따른 감각 경험과 문화 체험 경험이 구매의사 및 브랜드 매력도에 미치는 영향 요인을 밝혀내어, 방문고객의 경험 만족 증진을 위한 개선점 도출 및 방향성 제시를 목적한다. 위 목적을 실현시키기 위한 문헌연구로서 구매의사에 영향을 미치는 매장 내 물리적 환경 요소와 사용자 및 브랜드 경험, 사용자 경험을 측정하는 방법론에 관한 이론적 토대를 마련하였으며, 이를 바탕으로 구매의사에 영향을 미치는 매장 내 물리적 환경소를 감각 경험 요소와 문화 체험 경험 요소로 구분 및 선정하였다. 연구의 객관적인 결과 도출을 위해 현재 업계 내 선두 브랜드인 파리바게트와 뚜레쥬르를 선정, 비교 평가를 실시하였다. 실증연구로서 물리적 환경요소를 기반으로 한 설문조사(questionnaire survey)와 포커스 그룹 인터뷰(focus group interview)를 병행하여 실시하였고, 섀도우 트랙킹(shadow tracking)을 통해 베이커리 매장 내에서의 고객 여정을 관찰하였다. 추가로 아이 트랙킹(eye tracking)을 통해 피 실험자의 실제 시선 산재도 및 집중도 등을 추적하여 인터뷰 응답내용에 따른 진위여부를 파악하는 등의 보완작업을 수행하였다. 위 실험을 통해 도출된 결론 및 제안 사항은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 고객 여정에 따른 경험요소, 즉 터치 포인트를 고려한 경험 스토리 구성이 필요하다. 둘째, 제품 자체의 매력도를 높이기 위해 물리적 환경요인이 종합적으로 고려되어야 한다. 셋째,사용자(고객) 시선에 따른 높이,각도 등이 고려된 효과적 디스플레이 진열방식이 이루어져야 한다. 넷째, 제품 정보와 관련된 시각물, 쟁반이나 집게, 의자, 테이블 등 고객의 편의성을 돕는 요소들의 사용성 관리가 중요하다. 본 연구의 궁극적 취지는 방문고객의 감각 경험에 근거한 구매요인 도출에 의의가 있으나, 매장 내 감각 경험 요소에만 주안점을 두었음에 연구의 한계점을 밝힌다. 따라서 향후 베이커리 매장의 물리적 환경 요소 중 문화 체험 경험 요소에 대한 추가적 보완연구가 이루어진다면 베이커리 업체의 충성고객을 확보하기 위한 전략 수립에 도움이 될 것이다. The objectives of this study are, to define in-store environment affects shoppers" sensory and cultural experiences can affect purchase decision making and brand preferences, and to develop to-be-direction of shoppers’ experience enhancement to increase their satisfaction in bakery industry. We divided the physical environment elements, influencing shoppers in their purchase decision making, into sensual elements and cultural experiences elements from the preliminary theory. And we validated those two category of elements by filed-validating Paris Baguette and Tous les Jour. For field research, we have tried to find shoppers insight through survey and focus group interview, observed shoppers" path in stores by shadow tracking, tracked down shoppers" eye-sight by eye tracking and validated research data by field visits. Based on implication from the research, we suggest the followings: To organize shoppers experience storyline considering touch points in shoppers’ path in stores. Physical environment should be strategically considered to increase product preference. Product display should be based on height and angle of shoppers" eye-sight. Usability maintenance of POP, plate, tongs, table and chair is also very important. However, it also shows some limits by focusing mainly in sensory experiences in stores. If it is followed by additional study of shoppers interactive and cultural experiences in stores, it will be more helpful to establish strategy of increasing loyal shoppers in bakery industry.

디자인 대학원 작품논문 표절방지를 위한 교육 체계 및 콘텐츠 개발

김지인(Kim, Ji In),박혜신(Park, Hye Sin),서인숙(Seo, Ihn Sook) 한국디지털디자인협의회 2015 디지털디자인학연구 Vol.15 No.3

연구윤리에 대한 인식이 높아지면서 연구윤리 교육이 확산추세에 있다. 그러나 현재의 연구윤리 교육은 단발성 특강형의 교육 중심으로 실행되고 있으며, 학과 특성에 적합한 교육 체계가 미비하다는 점에서 한계를 가지고 있다. 이에 본 연구는 디자인 석사학위 과정에 있는 학생의 논문 지도에 있어 표절을 미연에 방지할 수 있는 연구윤리 교육체계를 구축하되 특히 예술계에서만 존재하는 작품논문이라는 형식에 적합한 교육체계를 구축하기 위한 목적으로 이루어졌다. 연구는 디자인학부 석사학위 과정학생 10명을 대상으로 총 17개월 걸친 참여관찰을 통해 이루어졌으며 연구윤리 교육 콘텐츠의 제작, 교육 및 자료수집, 교육 결과의 피드백 및 기존 콘텐츠의 수정보완, 수정 보완 된 콘텐츠를 적용한 연구 시행, 결과 분석 총 5단계에 걸쳐 단계적으로 이루어졌다. 각각의 단계에서는 교육을 통한 콘텐츠 활용도 검증, 심층면접을 통한 연구 결과의 학계검증, 연구윤리 교육 참여자들의 논문 작성 및 표절률 검사라는 객관적 검증 장치를 두었다. 연구 과정에서 학술연구윤리 교육 콘텐츠, 디자인 연구윤리 교육 콘텐츠 두 종류의 교육 콘텐츠가 개발되었으며 논문리스트 작성노트, 디자인 연구노트, 인용연습노트 총 3개의 활용 콘텐츠가 개발되었다. 결과적으로 연구주제의 구체화 과정에서 논문리스트 작성노트를 활용한 논문 주제 독창성 검증, 논문 텍스트 작성 과정에서 인용노트 활용을 통한 인용 관련 표절여부 검증 및 디자인 연구노트 활용을 통한 작품 표절여부 검증, 최종적으로 카피검사 시스템 활용을 통한 정량적 표절률 검사의 3단계에 걸친 작품논문의 표절 예방 검증 교육체계가 구축되었다. With the growing awareness of research ethics, the education for it is being disseminated. However, it is having a limitation given that the current education of research ethics is centered on special lectures in short-term period, and department-specific educational system is lack. In respect of teaching students about thesis in graduate school, this study aims to establish an educational system to prevent plagiarism in advance, matching the environment where there is thesis portfolio for graduation only in art school. The research has been conducted with ten graduate school students in design department for 17 months in total through participatory observation, and is consisted of five stages: making educational contents of research ethics, collecting data, giving feedback of the education and evaluating or revising existing contents, conducting a research after applying the correction, and analyzing the result. We put objective verification tools at each stage such as verification of contents utilization through education, academic verification of the research result through in-depth interview, and inspection of thesis portfolio production and plagiarism rate by educational participants in research ethics. In the process of the research, educational contents of academic research and design research ethics were developed and three kinds of utilization contents, thesis list-writing note, design research note, and reference note, were made. As a result, it has become to set up three phases of plagiarism prevention measures: verifying creativity of thesis subject by utilizing thesis list-writing note in the embodiment process, verifying plagiarism relating to reference and artwork by utilizing reference note and design research note in the process of making thesis artwork, and verifying quantitatively through copy inspection system.

Probing the Issue of Informed Consent in Health Care in Korea―Concept Analysis and Guideline Development

Won-Hee Lee,In-Sook Kim,Byung-Hye Kong,Sue Kim,Sunhee Lee 한국간호과학회 2008 Asian Nursing Research Vol.2 No.2

Purpose The purpose of the study was to identify how informed consent is conceptualized by patients, family members, physicians, and nurses in Korea, and to develop guidelines for clinical practice in Korea. Methods This study employed the hybrid model to define the concept of informed consent through theoretical and fieldwork phases. For the theoretical phase, attributes of informed consent were identified through a review of the literature, and in-depth interviews were conducted for the fieldwork phase to develop attributes from the data and to verify the attributes identified from the literature review. Purposive sampling was done for 48 participants (12 patients, 12 family members, 12 physicians, 12 nurses), who were interviewed from selected units (orthopedics, cardiothoracic surgery, obstetrics/gynecology) from two university hospitals in Seoul and Kwangju, Korea. Attributes and processing issues of informed consent were extracted from both phases. Results Core attributes of informed consent include the patient’s self-directed decision-making, fulfillment of legal responsibility, focusing on forging a trusting relationship, assuming active responsibility for explanations (physicians) and granting consent (patient), factors related to sufficient explanation, and the role of family. Findings were integrated into a set of guidelines for patients and family and health care professionals. Conclusion The guidelines developed in the present study offer empirical parameters for an effective process of obtaining informed consent in Korea by seeking to decrease the gap in perceptions of informed consent among patients, family members, physicians, and nurses. The importance of advocating patients and developing a trusting relationship between health care providers and patients is especially noteworthy. [Asian Nursing Research 2008;2(2):102–112] Purpose The purpose of the study was to identify how informed consent is conceptualized by patients, family members, physicians, and nurses in Korea, and to develop guidelines for clinical practice in Korea. Methods This study employed the hybrid model to define the concept of informed consent through theoretical and fieldwork phases. For the theoretical phase, attributes of informed consent were identified through a review of the literature, and in-depth interviews were conducted for the fieldwork phase to develop attributes from the data and to verify the attributes identified from the literature review. Purposive sampling was done for 48 participants (12 patients, 12 family members, 12 physicians, 12 nurses), who were interviewed from selected units (orthopedics, cardiothoracic surgery, obstetrics/gynecology) from two university hospitals in Seoul and Kwangju, Korea. Attributes and processing issues of informed consent were extracted from both phases. Results Core attributes of informed consent include the patient’s self-directed decision-making, fulfillment of legal responsibility, focusing on forging a trusting relationship, assuming active responsibility for explanations (physicians) and granting consent (patient), factors related to sufficient explanation, and the role of family. Findings were integrated into a set of guidelines for patients and family and health care professionals. Conclusion The guidelines developed in the present study offer empirical parameters for an effective process of obtaining informed consent in Korea by seeking to decrease the gap in perceptions of informed consent among patients, family members, physicians, and nurses. The importance of advocating patients and developing a trusting relationship between health care providers and patients is especially noteworthy. [Asian Nursing Research 2008;2(2):102–112]

P067 A retrospective analysis of low dose acitretin and cyclosporine combination therapy in psoriasis patients

( In-hye Kang ),( Hye-jin Ahn ),( Eun-jae Shin ),( Min Jae Gwak ),( Min Kyung Shin ),( Nack-in Kim ) 대한피부과학회 2016 대한피부과학회 학술발표대회집 Vol.68 No.2

<div style="display:none">fiogf49gjkf0d</div><div style="display:none">fiogf49gjkf0d</div><div style="display:none">fiogf49gjkf0d</div><div style="display:none">fiogf49gjkf0d</div><div style="display:none">fiogf49gjkf0d</div><div style="display:none">fiogf49gjkf0d</div><div style="display:none">fiogf49gjkf0d</div> Background: Psoriasis is a chronic in.ammatory disorder. Approximately 25% of patients present with a moderate-to-severe form of psoriasis and may require lifelong systemic therapy. Up until recently, there have been few reports showing the effectiveness and safety of adding cyclosporine to acitretin for treatment. Objectives: The aim of our study was to gain more knowledge about systemic combination therapies with retinoids and cyclosporine. Methods: Retrospective review of the databases of dermatological departments at Kyung Hee Medical Center was performed. 11 patients treated with oral acitretin and cyclosporine combination therapy, 12 and 14 patients treated with acitretin and cyclosporine monotherapy, respectively were included in the study. The data including age, gender, comorbidity, treatment regimen, period, presence of adverse events, and the PASI score were collected. Results: There were no significant differences in the degree of reduction of PASI scores after 12 weeks among the three groups. The number of patients with adverse events was 19 in the acitretin monotherapy group, 10 in the cyclosporine monotherapy group, and 9 in the combination treatment group. Conclusion: Although low dose combination therapy of acitretin and cyclosporine has similar effects compared to the monotherapy, side effects was lower in combination therapy because of drug sparing effects. We suggest combination therapy employing systemic agents are becoming more widely used for the treatment of psoriasis.

전기솥과 압력솥을 이용한 기능성 강화쌀과 일반쌀의 취반 특성 연구

김혜영,김지연,이인선 한국식생활문화학회 2004 韓國食生活文化學會誌 Vol.19 No.3

The Physicochemical, sensory and cooking properties of functionally fortified rice with dietary fiber and chitosan were compared with regular rice when the rices were cooked with pressure and electric cookers. Moisture content of functional rice before cooking was 11.11%, which was lower than 13.72% in regular rice. Accordingly, moisture contents of functional rice samples cooked both with pressure and electric cookers were lower than those of regular rice. L value showing the degree of lightness of cooked rice was significantly higher in rice samples cooked with pressure cookers. The a value, the degree of redness and the b value, the degree of yellowness, were the highest in the functional rice cooked with an electric rice cookers. Textural measurement of hardness using a rheometer showed the highest value in functional rice cooked with a pressure cooker. The degree of gelatinization measured using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) before cooking showed higher onset gelatinization temperature (T_0) and peak gelatinization temperature (T_p) in functional rice compared with those in regular rice. The gelatinization enthalpy (ΔH) of functional rice was lower than that of regular rice, showing that functional rice had lower gelatinization energy compared with regular rice. When the samples were stored in a refrigerator for one week, the DSC showed faster retrogradation degrees in samples cooked with electric rice cooker, having significantly higher enthalpies of regular and functional rice cooked with electric cookers compared to those cooked with pressure cookers. The functional rice samples cooked with pressure cooker had higher consumer acceptance test values compared to those cooked with electric cookers.

Proteomics of ionic stresses in rice: An overview

Kim, Sang-Gon,Wang, Yiming,Huh, Hyun-Hye,Kim, Yong-Chul,Choi, In-Soo,Agrawal, Ganesh Kumar,Rakwal, Randeep,Kang, Kyu-Young,Kim, Sun-Tae The Korean Society of Plant Biotechnology 2011 식물생명공학회지 Vol.38 No.2

Ions deficiency or excess remains one of the critical ground level environmental problems, affecting crop productivity. In this overview, we will discuss an increased application of proteomics technology in addressing this issue using rice (Oryza sativa L.) as a model crop plant. Proteomics analyses have revealed that rice proteome undergoes changes in the proteins composition and expression in response to several ionic stresses, including mineral nutrients (aluminum, nitrogen, and phosphorous) and heavy metals (arsenic, cadmium, and copper). Developed inventory of responsive proteins and their correlation with changes in physiological symptoms and parameters are a major step forward in: (i) better understanding the underlying mechanisms of ionic stresses-triggered responses in rice; (ii) comparative proteomics studies; and (iii) designing a novel strategy to improve crop plants.

일부 흡연 대학생의 지각된 스트레스와 흡연실태에 대한 상관관계 연구

강초록,권시내,권혜림,박수경,송인혜,오해인,이미지,한승아,황선아,김수지 이화여자대학교 간호과학대학 2003 이화간호학회지 Vol.- No.37

In spite of the seriousness of smoking harm has been developed these days. the increase of national smoking rate and that the people in the twenties are especially leading the rise of national smoking rate is an important issue of national health. Smoking of the university students can occur health problem and cause loss of manpower and expenses in their social activity period. So then the actual state for prevention of smoking and development of a program to prohibit smoking has to be seized urgently and starting with the study of the realities of university students, the effort to find a related fluent of smoking has to be studied. Related to this, the purpose of this study is to seize the general characteristics of smoking university students and to find out the relationship between perceived stress and smoking status among smoking university students. In addition, by collating the relationship between perceived stress and smoking status among smoking university students we have the purpose to furnish the basal data of stress care, the best way to cope with stress through group training and the plan for nursing implementation to decrease the smoking rate. For this study, a survey was conducted for 204 smoking university students of 13 universities in Seoul from 9th of May to 16th of May, 2003. The collected data was analyzed by t-test, Pearson Correlation and ANOVA in the statistical packages SPSS/PC. Major findings of this study are as follows; 1. Of the 204 respondents 85.4% of them were male and 14.6% of them were female. The average age of the sample was 23.19 years old and 41.8% of them were in senior, 21.4% in junior, 16.9% in sophomore, 19.9% in freshman grade. The major motivation to start smoking was 'because of curiosity'(33.8%) and the first smoking experience was at 'senior high school' (41.9%) and at 'college' (41.9%). 2 The highest scored stress factor of smoking university students were stresses about school work. 3. 72.7% had experience to quit smoking at least one or more times. Most of the reason to keep on smoking was 'short will to quit'(51.0%) and the smoking place was usually at 'school' (41.4%). Most respondents for the number ofsmoking friends were '5 people and above' (73.2%). 4. There was a negative relationship between the general characteristics and the entire perceived stress, however, there was a positive relationship between the general characteristics and the perceived stress in 4 categories which is 'sex distinction', 'major of study', 'residence form' and' inmate'. 5. There was a negative relationship between the general characteristics and the entire smoking status, however, there was a positive relationship between the general characteristics and the smoking status in 2 categories which is 'presence of hobby' and 'number of smoking friends'. 6. There was a negative relationship between the perceived stress and the smoking status. Through this study we have seized the relationship between the general characteristics, perceived stress and the smoking status of smoking university students. There was a positive relationship between some of the general characteristics with the perceived stress and the smoking status of smoking university students. Also there was a negative relationship between the perceived stress and the smoking status.

G2 Arrest by lsotope [³²P]-Phosphate

Kim, In-Hoo,Lee, Hye-Jeong,Choi, Yong-Chun 동아대학교의과대학 1992 동아의대학술지 Vol.4 No.1