Water extract of Uncaria sinensis suppresses RANKL-induced bone loss by attenuating osteoclast differentiation and bone resorption

하현일,심기석,마진열 한국한의학연구원 2017 Integrative Medicine Research Vol.6 No.4

Background: The hooks and stems of Uncaria sinensis have been used to mitigate cardiovascular and central nervous system disorders in Asia traditional medicine. Regulation of osteoclast differentiation and activity is a major target for preventing and treating pathological bone diseases. Methods: Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) activity and the number of TRAP-stained multinucleated cells were used to examine receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL)-induced osteoclast differentiation. The activation of RANKL-induced signaling pathways and the expression of transcription factors were investigated by western blot analysis and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. The bone resorption activity of osteoclast was studied using a plate coated with hydroxyl-apatite. Trabecular bone destruction was investigated using a RANKL-induced trabecular bone loss mouse model. Results: We found that water extract of the hooks and stems of U. sinensis (WEUS) inhibits RANKL-induced differentiation of murine bone marrow macrophages and RAW264.7 cells into osteoclasts. WEUS inhibited the activation of NF-κB and the expression of nuclear factor of activated T-cells, cytoplasmic 1. In addition, WEUS suppressed the bone resorbing activity of mature osteoclasts without affecting their survival. Furthermore, oral administration of WEUS suppressed RANKL-induced bone loss with a significant amelioration of trabecular bone micro-structures. WEUS also reduced RANKL-induced increase in serum TRAP5b activity and C-terminal cross-linked telopeptide of type I collagen levels. Conclusion: The present study demonstrates that WEUS has a pharmacological activity that inhibits osteoclast-mediated bone destruction by suppressing osteoclast differentiation and function. These results suggest that U. sinensis could be a promising herbal candidate for preventing and treating bone diseases such as osteoporosis.

Modulation of the caveolin-3 and Akt status in caveolae by insulin resistance in H9c2 cardiomyoblasts

하현일,박윤배 생화학분자생물학회 2005 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.37 No.3

We investigated glucose uptake and the trans-location of Akt and caveolin-3 in response to insulin in H9c2 cardiomyoblasts exposed to an experimental insulin resistance condition of 100 nM insulin in a 25 mM glucose containing media for 24 h. The cels under the insulin resistance condition exhibited a decrease in insulin-sti-mulated 2-deoxy[3H]glucose uptake as compared to control cels grown in 5 mM glucose media. translocation to membranes, we observed a sig-nificant decrease in insulin-stimulated membrane asociation of phosphorylated Akt with a con-sequent increase of the cytosolic pol. Actin remodeling in response to insulin was also greatly retarded in the cells. When translocation of Akt and caveolin-3 to caveolae was examined, the insulin resistance condition attenuated locali-zation of Akt and caveolin-3 to caveolae from cytosol. As a result, insulin-stimulated Akt activa-tion in caveolae was significantly decreased. crease of glucose uptake into the cells is related to their reduced levels of caveolin-3, Akt and phosphorylated Akt in caveolae. We conclude that the insulin resistance condition induced the retardation of their translocation to caveolae and in turn caused an attenuation in insulin signaling, namely activation of Akt in caveolae for glucose uptake into H9c2 cardiomyoblasts.

Lipid rafts are important for the association of RANK and TRAF6

하현일,HanBokKwak,SooWoongLee,Hong-HeeKim,이장희 생화학분자생물학회 2003 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.35 No.4

Rafts, cholesterol- and sphingolipid-rich membrane microdomains, have been shown to play an im-portant role in immune cell activation. More re-cently rafts were implicated in the signal trans-receptor (TNFR) family. In this study, we provide evidences that the raft microdomain has a crucial role in RANK (receptor activator of NF-κB) signaling. We found that the majority of the ectopically expressed RANK and substantial portion of endogenous TRAF2 and TRAF6 were detected in the low-den-sity raft fractions. In adition, TRAF6 association with rafts was increased by RANKL stimulation. The disruption of rafts blocked the TRAF6 trans-teraction betwen RANK and TRAF6. Our obser-vations demonstrate that proper RANK signaling requires the function of raft membrane microdo-mains.

지역경제개발 네트워크가 지역경제개발 입지인센티브에 미치는 영향

하현상(河顯相) 한국정책과학학회 2012 한국정책과학학회보 Vol.16 No.3

이 연구는 미국 지방정부의 입지인센티브 제공에 대한 지역경제개발 네트워크의 영향을 분석함으로서 한국에 대한 시사점을 도출하고자 한다. 경제개발을 위한 입지인센티브 제공은 네트워크에 기반한 정치적 협상에 의해서 결정되는 경향이 있다. 따라서 지역경제개발 네트워크가 입지인센티브 제공에 어떻게 영향을 미치는지를 확인하는 것은 중요한 의의를 갖는다. 그러나 기존연구는 경제개발을 위한 입지인센티브 제공에 대한 네트워크의 영향을 간과하는 경향이 있었다. 따라서 이 연구는 네 가지 유형의 지역경제개발 네트워크 (공공조직, 민간개발조직, 공공-민간개발조직, 지역주민조직 네트워크)가 지방정부의 다양한 입지인센티브 제공에 어떻게 영향을 미치는지를 확인하였다. 분석결과는 민간개발조직 네트워크와 공공-민간개발조직 네트워크가 지방정부의 다양한 유형의 입지인센티브를 제공하도록 촉진시키는데 유의미한 영향을 미치는 것으로 분석되었다. 특히, 공공-민간개발조직 네트워크가 민간개발조직 네트워크보다 입지인센티브 제공에 더 큰 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 오늘날 한국 지방자치단체들도 선호시설과 혐오시설 입지를 둘러싼 활발한 네트워크 활동을 하고 있는 점을 감안할때 이 연구의 결과는 중요한 시사점을 제공한다. 우리나라 지방자치단체의 정책결정자들은 효율적 지역경제개발을 위해서 민간개발조직이나 공공-민간개발조직 네트워크와 같은 영향력 있는 조직들의 네트워크 활동에 더 많은 관심을 가지고 보다 체계적으로 면밀히 관리할 필요가 있을 것이다. This study investigates the influence of local economic development networks on location incentive offer of American local governments. Location incentive offer closely ties to political bargaining based on local economic development networks. However, previous studies are likely to overlook the influence of networks on location incentive offer for local economic development. Therefore, this study explored how local economic development networks impact several kinds of location incentive offers: public organizational, private development organizational, public-private development organizational, neighborhood organizational networks. The findings suggest that private development organizational networks and public-private development organizational networks have significant impact on the location incentive offers. Especially, public-private development organizational networks have stronger influence on location incentive offers than private development organizational networks. This results provide critical implication in that policy decision makers of Korean local governments need to systematically manage influential networks such as private development organizational and public-private development organizational networks.

중관학파의 자성과 그 부정

하현목 ( Hyeon Mok Ha ) 인도철학회 2014 印度哲學 Vol.0 No.42

나가르주나가 自性(svabhava)의 空性(sunyata)을 천명한 이후, 자성과 의존은 인도 철학에서 주요 논제 가운데 하나가 되었다. 유자성론자들과 중관학파는 이 주제에 대해 오랜 기간 논쟁을 해 왔다. 핵심 쟁점은 자성과 의존의 개념을 존재론적으로 어떻게 설명하는가이다. 이에 관해 먼저 유자성론자들은 자성을 만들어지거나 다른 것에 의존하지 않는 것으로 파악한다. 그들은 자성이 실재한다고 주장한다. 유자성론자들은 存在(sattva)와 非存在(asattva), 有法(dharmin)과 法 (dharma)이 모두 자성을 가지고 실재한다고 주장한다. 또한 그들은 자성을 가지고 있는 존재들이 상호 의존하는 것으로 이해한다. 반면에 중관학파는 유자성론자들이 주장하는 자성이 실재하지 않는다고 비판한다. 이 학파에서는 존재와 비존재, 유법과 법이 각각 상호 의존하여 존재하는 것이므로 無自性(nihsvabhava) 이라고 말한다. 또한 중관학파는 존재와 비존재의 관계를 개념적 의존으로 파악하고, 유법과 법의 관계를 존재론적 의존으로 파악한다. Ever since Nagarjuna, the founder of the Buddhist Madhyamaka school, made clear that intrinsic nature (svabhava) is empty (sunya), svabhava and dependence had became one of the main theses in Indian religious philosophy. Philosophers who believe that svabhava is real and Madhyamaka school took a long debate on this subject. One of the points at issue is how to explicate the concepts of svabhava and dependence in ontological dimension. Philosophers who believe that svabhava is real accepted svabhava as the thing which does not depend on cause (hetu) and condition (pratyaya). They also claims that svabhava is real. In their view, existence, nonexistence, dharmin and dharma are regarded as substantial existence. They also grasped existences having svabhava as interdependent relationship. The Madhyamaka philosophers, on the other hand, deny theview that svabhava is real. This is based on the Buddha`s theory of dependent origination (prati.tyasamutpa.da). This philosophical system claims that existence, nonexistence, dharmin, and dharma have no svabhava because they are existent by mutual dependence. This philosophical system also grasps the relation between existence and nonexistence as conceptual dependence, and the relation between dharmin and dharma as ontological dependence.

고분자의 입자특성이 레이저 소결성에 미치는 영향

하현,김형일 한국공업화학회 2005 한국공업화학회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.2005 No.-

중국의 신용장 사기규칙 적용을 위한 인정기준에 관한 연구 - 미국 통일상법전의 신용장사기 인정기준과의 비교를 중심으로 -

하현수 한국무역금융보험학회(구 한국무역보험학회) 2016 무역보험연구 Vol.17 No.3

중국 최고인민법원은 어떠한 사기 또는 누구에 의해 사기가 있어야 신용장 사기규칙을 적용할 수 있을지 즉 신용장사기 인정기준을 사법해석의 형태로 제정하고 있다. 그러나 중국이 규정하고 있는 신용장사기 인정기준은 미국 등에서 규정하고 있는 인정기준에 비하여 보다 포괄적이고 모호한 부분이다. 이러한 결과는 중국 법원에 신용장 사기규칙 적용상의 명확한 가이드라인을 제공하지 못하는 경우도 발생하고 있다. 본 논문은 중국의 신용장사기 인정기준의 특징 또는 문제점 등을 확인하기 위하여 미국의 관련 법률 규정 및 판례 등을 상호 비교분석하였다. 미국의 관련 법률 및 판례와 비교분석한 이유는 미국 법원이 전 세계 최초로 신용장관련 사기사건에서 사기규칙을 인정하였으며, 또한 미국은 신용장 사기규칙과 관련한 사항을 비교적 완전하게 법률로 제정하고 있기 때문이다. 즉 미국은 통일상법전에 신용장 사기규칙과 관련한 내용을 규정하고 있다. 미국과의 비교를 통해 나타난 중국 신용장사기 인정기준의 문제점은 인정기준의 모호성, 신용장사기 주체의 모호성 등으로 요약할 수 있다. The Chinese supreme people court legislates a form of the judicial interpretation for the approval standard of the L/C fraud whether what kinds of fraud or fraud happened by whom can be applied to the fraud rule in L/C. However, the approval standard of L/C fraud regulated by China is more comprehensive and ambiguous than the approval standard regulated by the U.S. As a result, Chinese court does not provide the clear guideline for applying the fraud rule in L/C. The study attempts the comparative analysis for the U.S. related provision of law and precedent to verify the features and problems on the approval standard of Chinese L/C fraud. The reason why the study compares with the U.S. related law and precedent is that the U.S. court accepted the fraud rule under L/C related fraud cases for the first time. Moreover, the U.S. legislates a relatively complete L/C fraud rules as a law, UCC(Uniform Commercial Code). The problems of approval standard in Chinese L/C fraud verified by the comparison with the U.S. are ambiguity of approval standard and fraud principal.

임상동작훈련이 다운증아의 신체조정능력에 미치는 효과

하현정,김일명 한국발달장애학회 2003 발달장애연구 Vol.7 No.1

Children with Down's Syndrome usually exhibit the following posture symptoms; a raised chin, a stooped back, rounded shoulders and a protruding abdomen and buttocks. Also, they exhibit delayed motor skill. Therefore, The study that reveal the effects of clinical Dohastherapy train for body' control of children with mental retardation is so important task for mentally retarded children to promote self nassertion and self control ability of behavior. Specific purposes of the study are as follows. Frist, this study examined an effect of clinical Dohastherapy on relaxation posture on Children's with Down's Syndrome. Second, this study examined an effect of clinical Dohastherapy on Sitting posture on Children's with Down's Syndrome. Third, this study examined an effect of clinical Dohastherapy on Keen-standing posture on Children's with Down's Syndrome. Forth, this study examined an effect of clinical Dohastherapy on Standing on Children's with Down's Syndrome. In this study, an independent variable was clinical Dohastherapy, an dependent variable was on self control on body. As Self control ability of body, be made up four sub-domains, that is, relaxation posture, Sitting posture, Keen-standing, Standing posture. Multiple baseline design across subjects was used as experimental design to investigate purpose. Other date were collected through interviewing patents and classroom teachers. Children's behaviors were assessed by a researcher of this study using Rating Scales for ability of self body control developed by a researcher of this study based on Naruse's scales(1973). For the study, Down's Syndrome children(3-5 years old) were trained during 32 weeks 30 minutes twice a week The results were as follows. Frist, clinical Dohastherapy had an effect on improving children's ability to control relaxation posture. In the beginning, Each children with Down's syndrome have afraid of relaxing body, but in the last session, have been experience of relax comfortable. Second, clinical Dohastherapy had an effect on improving children's ability to control Sitting posture. It is possible for each children with Down's syndrome to do sitting posture with stability and losing their shoulder's muscular strength. Third, clinical Dohastherapy had an effect on improving children's ability to control Keen-standing posture. It is possible for each children with Down's syndrome to do keen-standing posture uprightly with standing waist and sustaining both keens Forth, clinical Dohastherapy had an effect on improving children's ability to control Standing posture. It is possible for each children with Down's syndrome to do stand posture uprightly, by using strength of the belly and self-regulating, with losing their shoulder' muscular strength As a result, bad posture of children with Down's syndrome has been corrected. Self control ability of body in each children with Down's syndrome has been improved. 본 연구는 장애아동 전담 보육시설에 재원하고 있는 3명의 다운증후군 아동을 대상으로 한 실험연구로서 임상동작훈련이 자기신체조정능력에 미치는 효과를 알아보고자 하였다. 신체조정능력은 첫째, 이완동작 둘째, 앉기 자세, 셋째, 무릎서기 자세, 넷째, 서기자세로 나누었으며, 조정능력 정도는 신체조정능력평정척도에 의하여 측정하였다. 연구는 중다기초선 설계를 하였으며, 김일명이 고안한 훈련프로그램으로 5개월간 훈련을 하여 다음과 같은 결론를 얻었다. 첫째, 임상동작훈련은 다운증아의 이완동작에 효과가 있다. 둘째, 임상동작훈련은 다운증아의 앉기 자세에 효과가 있다. 셋째, 임상동작훈련은 다운증아의 무릎서기 자세에 효과가 있다. 넷째, 임상동작훈련은 다운증아의 서기 자세에 효과가 있다.

주산기 모자보건 질 향상을 위한 지역사회사업

하현성 한국모자보건학회 2018 한국모자보건학회 학술대회 연제집 Vol.2018 No.2

Effectiveness of a postoperative continuous irrigation system via a catheter following implant-based breast reconstruction

하현정,정성흠,김태현,안희창,황은아 대한미용성형외과학회 2023 Archives of Aesthetic Plastic Surgery Vol.29 No.1

Background Implant-based breast reconstruction is a technique frequently used for breast reconstruction. Infection and inflammation are considered to be the most troublesome complications of implant-based breast reconstruction and can lead to capsular contracture or implant failure. To date, however, only a few methods have been proposed to prevent these complications. Therefore, the authors introduce a simple irrigation system using indwelling drain catheters to decrease postoperative inflammation. Methods Continuous saline irrigation was performed once per day for 3 days immediately after prosthesis-based breast reconstruction. Normal saline (500 mL) was inserted into the implant pocket through a superomedial-oriented drain catheter and drained through an inferolateral-oriented drain catheter using a suction device. Inflammatory indicators, including C-reactive protein (CRP), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), white blood cell count (WBC), and postoperative complications were compared between the non-irrigation and irrigation groups. Results This study included 37 patients divided into two groups (20 non-irrigation and 17 irrigation). An analysis of inflammatory indicators revealed that the peak CRP level in the irrigation group was significantly lower than that in the non-irrigation group, while no statistically significant differences were found for the other mediators (ESR and WBC). In the immediate postoperative period, continuous irrigation effectively washed out tissue debris and blood clots within the implant pocket, which helped maintain the function of the drain catheter and decrease pro-inflammatory mediators. Conclusions This irrigation method was simple and cost-effective for decreasing inflammation within the breast pocket. Furthermore, it can also be applied to infected breast pockets in combination with antibiotics.