청소년기와 소아기 미세변화형 신증후군의 임상양상에 대한 비교연구

최정윤,김지홍,김병길,Choi, Chung-Yun,Kim, Ji-Hong,Kim, Pyung-Kil 대한소아신장학회 1999 Childhood kidney diseases Vol.3 No.1

목 적 : 소아의 미세변화형 신증후군은 원발성 신증후군의 $85\%$이상을 차지하며, 스테로이드 치료로 완전관해가 잘오는 예후가 양호한 질환이다. 그러나 이와 같은 미세변화형 신증후군의 전형적 임상양상은 2-10세에서 주로 나타나며 임상증상과 치료반응이 발병연령이 증가하면서 변화를 보이는데 성인기에는 원발성 신증후군중 비교적 낮은 빈도를 보이며 소아기에 비해 치료에 대한 예후가 불량한 것으로 알려져 있다. 따라서, 본 연구에서는 소아기와 청소년기 미세변화형 신증후군의 임상양상의 차이를 비교하여 청소년기 미세변화 신증후군 환자의 치료에 도움이 되고자 하였다. 방 법 : 미세변화형 신증후군으로 치료받은 216명의 환아를 대상으로 발병연령에 따라 12세미만인 환아군(소아군) 188명과 12세이상 18세미만인 환아군(청소년군)28명으로 구분하여 두 군간의 임상양상의 차이를 비교하였다. 결 과 : 1) 대상기간중 전체 원발성 신증후군은 소아군이 245명, 청소년군이 55명으로 총 300례 였다. 소아군에서는 MCNS 188명($77\%$), FSGS 30명($12\%$), MsPGN 4명($1.6\%$)이었고, 청소년군에서는 MCNS 28명($51\%$), FSGS 12명($22\%$)으로 두 군에서 청소년군에서 MCNS의 빈도가 감소한 반면 FSGS의 빈도는 증가하였다. 2) 평균발병연령은 소아군이 $4.7{\pm}2.7$세, 청소년군이 $14.7{\pm}2.0$세였고 두 군간의 남녀비는 소아군 3.8:1, 청소년군 2.5:1로 차이가 없었다. 3) 혈뇨가 동반된 경우는 소아군 $17\%$, 청소년군 $39.3\%$로 유의한 차이가 있었고(P=0.005),고혈압은 각각 $0.5\%,\;7\%$로 차이가 있었으나 통계학적으로는 의미있는 차이를 보이지는 않았다. 4) 검사소견상 발병당시 24시간 뇨단백량, SPI, albumin, BUN, cholesterol치는 두 군간에 유의한 차이가 없었다. 5) 소아군의 $11.7\%$, 청소년군의 $14.7\%$가 초기 스테로이드 치료로 재발없이 관해가 유지되었으며, 빈발재발형은 각각 $23.9\%,\;14.7\%$, 스테로이드 의존형은 각각 $21.8\%,\;28.6\%$. 스테로이드 저항형은 각각 $13.3\%,\;14.7\%$로 나타났으나 의미 있는 차이는 없었다. 6) 스테로이드 이외의 면역 억제제가 필요했던 경우는 소아군은 $57\%$, 청소년군은 $65\%$였다. 7) 평균재발횟수($0.8{\pm}0.84$회/6개월 Vs $0.8{\pm}0.79$회/6개월) 및 관해에서 첫 재발까지의 기간은($7.7{\pm}8.4$개월 Vs $4.9{\pm}5.8$개월) 두 군간에 의미 있는 차이는 없었다. 결 론 : 소아 미세변화형 신증후군의 임상양상의 비교에서 혈뇨의 빈도는 청소년 환자군에서 의미 있게 높았다. 스테로이드 의존형과 빈발재발형의 비율, 재발의 빈도는 청소년환자군에서 비교적 높게 나타나 치료에 대한 반응성이 떨어지는 양상을 보이므로 청소년기 미세변화형 치료에 있어서 이러한 문제들이 인식되어야 하고 보다 적극적인 면역억제제의 선택이 고려되어야 할 것이다. Purpose: MCNS is found in approximately $85\%$ of the idiopathic nephrotic syndrome in children and shows good prognosis with initial steroid therapy. MCNS most commonly appears between the ages of 2 and 10 yr. But the incidence and prognosis in adolescent MCNS are different from those found in young children; the prognosis and the response to therapy is unfavorable with increasing ages. So we compared the prevalence and the clinical manifestations of adolescent MCNS with that of childhood MCNS for management of adolescent MCNS. Methods: We conducted a retrospective study with a review of histopathologic findings and clinical manifestations of the 216 cases with MCNS which were divided into children group and adolescent group by their age of onset; under 12 years(childhood) and between 12-18 years(adolescent). Results: 1) The number of childhood idiopathic nephrotic syndrome was 245 cases, and that of adolescent idiopathic nephrotic syndrome was 55 cases. 188 cases($77\%$) showed MCNS, 30 cases($12\%$) FSGS, 4 cases($1.6\%$) MSPCN in childhood idiopathic nephrotic syndrome; 28 cases($51\%$) showed MCNS, 12 cases($22\%$) FSGS in adolescent idiopathic nephrotic syndrome. 2) The mean onset age was $7.53{\pm}5.5$ years, and the male to female ratio was 3.8:1 in childhood onset and 2.5:1 in adolescent onset with male predominance. 3) Hematuria was associated with $17\%$ of childhood onset and $39.3\%$ of adolescent onset disease(P=0.005). Hypertension appeared in $0.5\%\;and\;7\%$ in each group without significant difference between the groups. 4) 24 hour urine protein, SPI, albumin, BUN, cholesterol level showed no significant difference. 5) The response of childhood onset and adolescent onset MCNS to steroid therapy showed complete remission in $11.7\%\;&\;14.7\%$, infrequent relapsing in $29.2\%\;&\;28.5\%$, frequent relapsing in $23.9\%\;&\;14.7\%$, steroid dependent in $21.8\%\;&\;28.6\%$ each. Steroid resistant showed $13.3\%\;&\;14.7\%$ with no significance. 6) Immunosuppresant therapy was performed $57\%$ in childhood onset and $65\%$ in adolescent onset. 7) Mean number of relapse and duration from onset to first relapse showed no significance between two groups. Conclusion : Our results indicate that the incidence of hematuria, the rate of steroid dependent and frequent relapsing, and the recurrence rate were higher in adolescent MCNS; showed poorer steroid responsiveness and prognosis. Our data also point to the need for a more aggressive therapy to treat and make recommendations for the adolescent population as a whole.

천해양식어업발달과정에 관한 연구 - 기술개발활동을 중심으로 -

최정윤,Choi, Jeang-Yoon 한국수산경영학회 1985 수산경영론집 Vol.16 No.1

Mariculture is contrasted with inland aqua-culturing fisheries. It is defind as the Industry of rearing Aquaorganism in limited coastal area relatively shallow in depth. Then, It's coming into being realization of Mariculture in it is long in history that Mariculture was realized in Korea. But it is from the early part of 1960s, that this industry has normally developed. Owing to 200 miles economy-zone problems of coastal countries, the development of deep sea fishing was limited, so the Korean Government has now appreciated the importance of cultured industries in the field of coastal fisheries. And the Korean Mariculture the output of which was only 18, 000 M/T in '60s attained 540, 000M/T in 1980s, has now occupied its relative importance in Korean Fisheries Industry. So the purpose of this report is to suggest the prospect of technical development of mariculture in the future of Korea, through the analysis of the various problems that affect upon the individual management '||'&'||' fishing ground utilization, along with the appreciation of "how to extend of those technical innovation" and "how the fishermen's technique level is extended at this stage. According to this study, the result is summarized as follows. First, Maricultural technique is classified into 8 sub-techniques as follows, as shown in fig. 1.Fig. 1. The Formation structure of mariculture technique Second, the change of technical method of mariculture in coastal area of Korea has made as 5 stages; 1) Scattering of culturing organism 2) Culturing by putting stone and installing bamboo 3) Culturing by installing rope and seeding 4) Culturing of putting objectives in cages 5) Culturing fish by feed Third, the maricultural fisheries of Korea has about 70 years long in history. It began from 1910s. But at that time there was no special technique in aquaculture and its technique was confined in searching out the object of species. The species was laver, oyster ect.Forth, although realization of mariculture in Korea has been long time, it is of late from 1960s that this has been industrial with normal development, and its technique of mariculture has mainly has developed from 1970s. Its result not only contributed to the high growth in Korean ecconomy along with the well balanced development between industires, but also it played a great role for the resolution of nation's food problem. Especially maricultural production has shown its sustained annual increase of 13.8% during the last 20 years. So the portion of mariculture among total fisheries stucture was extended from 4.1% in the early 1960s to 22.4% in 1980s.Fifth, it could be safely said that such development in maricultural field is resulted from the activity of aquacultural institutes such as Fisheries Reseach '||'&'||' Development production of major kinds such as Oyster, Sea-mustard, and Laver etc. As well as in the innovation of aquaculturing method with synthetic fiber utilization. FRDA has played important role in the efficient propargation of new aquacultural technique.Sixth, as for the change in aquaculture structure and its during period between 1970s and 1980s, the private management participation shown 25% increase from household number of 45, 173 to 56, 268 in total number. And in the respect of the management scale, of their management decreased, while it showed an increase in relative large scale management, the increase over 3 employees compared with other fisheries field between '70s and 80s. This must be an major trait to be recorded, Now the data above mentioned are shown as in table 1 and 2.Table 1. The maricultural fishing ground development situation in 982.Table 2. The mariculture management as seen in the employmnet size in high seasion.Owing to the technical innovation, of the mariculture in coastal area new income of fishermen increased and it also is true that the number of fishermen participating in its industrialization increased. But the problem being fr

부산시 중구 40계단 문화의 거리 조성계획

최정윤,강영조,강동진,Choi Jung-Yoon,Kang Young-Jo,Kang Dong-Jin 한국조경학회 2005 韓國造景學會誌 Vol.33 No.1

In study, various notions regarding historic landscapes and rehabilitation were first investigated, and efficient rehabilitation schemes on modem historic landscapes were analyzed. On the basis of these theological analyses, an underlying scheme on the rehabilitation of modern historic landscapes was drawn up for '40 Stair Cultural Street' in Jung-gu, Busan City. Rehabilitating historic landscapes not only expresses a positive method to preserving sites and relics of heritage, but also an idea of preservation and rehabilitation based on interpretations from a historical perspective of value in this present day. Its significance is, therefore, to construct an ideal urban landscape in which the past, present and future can coexist. The rehabilitation of historic landscapes will become a psychological pillar to the people living in cities and will be able to lead the various types of urban activities as effective landmarks creating accessibility and representing perpetuity, as rehabilitated landscapes last through the passage of time. In addition, since historic and cultural landscape resources significantly represent regional identities and cultural characteristics that are protected and maintained, they may result in the succession of time and space in regional and urban historical culture and contribute to improving local images and impressions, allowing citizens and tourists to experience many diverse historic and cultural environments. The underlying scheme on the development of '40 Stair Cultural Street' in the study has been drawn up with a focus on the rehabilitation of modern historic value drawn out of the 40 stairs. The area around the 40 stairs, which was shaped as a stronghold of refugees who fled for safety during the Korean War, has changed as dramatically as people can no longer get a feel of the circumstances of that period. Local historians and residents, however, still share the joys and sorrows of refugee life as sad memories. Based on the historical fact, landscape planting, street furniture, outdoor color schemes & signage, traffic systems, symbolic 3-D models and pavement designs are underway.

한방 영유아 건강검진 필요성에 대한 일반인 대상 설문 - 환아의 부모를 대상으로

최정윤,민상연,김은진,Choi, Jung Yoon,Min, Sang Yeon,Kim, Eun Jin 대한한방소아과학회 2021 대한한방소아과학회지 Vol.35 No.3

Objectives The purpose of this study is to investigate the satisfaction and improvement points of the current health checkup in infants and children, and recognition of parents about introduction of health examinations for infants and children by Korean medicine. Methods We conducted an online survey through the website of Dongguk University Bundang Korean medicine hospital for the parent of infants and children between 4 and 71 months age who received at least one health checkup. Statistical processing was performed using the SPSS Version 23.0 program. Results As a result of correlation analysis between the degree of necessary improvement point of current health checkup for infants and children and the degree of strength of health examinations for infants and children by Korean medicine, there was a statistically significant positive correlation (r=0.957). With the participation of Korean medical doctors, it can be expected that the number of health examinations centers for infants and children will be expanded, screening services will be increased, and oriental medicine childcare and education to prevention of major pediatrics disease can be provided. Conclusions These results show that health examinations for infants and children by Korean medicine can increase the satisfaction of the parent and the inspection rate.

도시 역사문화환경에서 현대건축물 ‘적합성(compatibility)’의 개념과 작동 구조에 관한 탐색적 연구

최정윤(주저자) ( Choi Jeong Yoon(주저자) ),최정윤(교신저자) ( Choi Jeong Yoon(교신저자) ) 디자인융복합학회 2018 디자인융복합연구 Vol.17 No.5

본 연구는 변화되는 도시의 역사환경에 신축되는 현대건축물 ‘적합성 (compatibility)’의 개념과 작동 구조를 도시유산 차원에서 새롭게 탐색하고자 한다. 이를 위해 관련 이론, 국제보존원칙, 국가별 정책, 기록 등을 문헌 분석하고 역사도시 문맥과의 적합성을 어떻게 해석하고 있는지에 대한 관련 선행연구를 내용 분석하여, 그동안 적합성으로 작동되어 온 개념과 구조를 도출하였다. 이를 바탕으로 추후 실증적 연구에 활용될 수 있는 보편적 작동 구조 및 기초적 분석 항목을 제시하였다. 연구 결과, 도시역사환경에서 현대건축물의 적합성은 ‘도시·가로경관적 측면의 공간적 접근’, ‘건축물디자인요소적 측면의 시지각적 접근’, ‘사회문화적 가치 및 과정적 측면의 무형적 접근’이라는 세 가지 개념의 유기적 관계로 접근 가능함을 밝혔다. 이는 도시 역사문화환경에서 현대건축물의 적합성에 대한 보편적 작동 구조로 볼 수 있다. This paper explores the operational concepts and structure of compatibility of contemporary architecture in historic urban fabrics. The goal is to revisit the concept of compatibility between old and new architecture from the urban heritage perspective to clarify its meaning and derive its valid components and substance. Document analysis is employed on relevant literature including international conservation principles, national/local conservation policies and other publications. This paper reveals that compatibility of contemporary architecture is defined in the interrelation among three organizational concept: 'spatial approach to urban and landscape aspects', 'visibility approach to architectural design elements', and 'intangible approach oriented to socio - cultural values and process'. This can be referred to as general operating structure for the compatibility of contemporary architecture in historic urban fabrics.

< 쌍화점 > 의 골계성 연구

최정윤 ( Jung Yun Choi ) 문창어문학회 2001 문창어문논집 Vol.38 No.-

This study began from raising a question about a common view that < ssang-hwa-jum > is just an obscene, decadent song, Because this song sent clown and enjoyed at least until sixteen century. So we can know that this song has not obscene but something. This researcher thought that it is comic characteristics So this researcher analyzed many ancient documents of using comic terminology. As a result this researcher found the comic of korean different from western theory. And could be realized that < ssang-hwa-jum > is comic song which has material for meeting between male and female at unexpected of place by text analysis. Humor in < ssang-hwa-jum > is vivid and light come out true life feeling, this humor play in appeasing tension and feeling refresh. As this feature, < ssang-hwa-jum > could be chosen though many harsh criticism, and continuously enjoyed.

현대무용 사이드 킥과 사이드 바운스 킥 동작의 운동학적 연구

최정윤 ( Jung Youn Choi ),임혜자 ( Hye Ja Lim ),배영상 ( Young Sang Bae ) 한국무용교육학회 2005 韓國舞踊敎育學會誌 Vol.16 No.1

문화 이벤트 캐릭터의 효율적 활용 방안에 관한 연구 - 문화 관광부 지정 축제 '안동 국제 탈춤 페스티벌'을 중심으로 -

최정윤(Jeong-Youn, Choi) 한국일러스아트학회 2003 일러스트레이션학 연구 Vol.12 No.-

This study will suggest that the practical method of using character is related to the synergy effect, character development, and the promotion of the festival to the changing tourism software with its resources. Due to the technological revolution of the 21st century, progress has been made to allow for an emphasis benefits. At a knowledge information period based on an information of twenty first, Each culture and economic are being ed to activate their culture and economic as well as even they are emphasize. To bring about the pre-eminence of Korean culture, national policy has long term goals of bringing forth and encouraging culture with its benefits of Korean and other enjoying their own culture and for the country people to likewise enjoy the economic benefits that can result from various festival. Strategy for character includes character development, licensing, manufacture, circulation, etc. From the 「2002 Culture Industry Report」 it can be determined that their is a demand for character as part of the development and encouragement of original culture. By carefully developing the type of character and its related promotion, there will result a synergy effect. As the event inspires one`s one development of Korean culture, the character can encourage such an effect by advertising and economic activation Internet and licensing and further character exposure allowing for EI(Event Identity) and CI(City Identity). The development of character must be sensitive to its use in a variety of environments. This would by part of the strategy `One Source - Multi Use`. In other words, the character must be used in Merchandising, On-Line Marketing, Packaging, Public Relation, Event Identity, City Identity, Direct Marketing, Event & Sponsorship, Sales Promotion, Advertising which are element of integrated marketing communication The character must coincide with area identity and the purpose of the event as necessary. All such things must be made aware to promote and encourage participation in cultural events by both residents and foreigners.

전기차 파워트레인 사이징을 위한 모터 효율 예측에 관한 연구

최정윤(Jeongyoon Choi),김태훈(Taehoon Kim),정호운(Ho-Un Jeong),황성호(Sung-Ho Hwang) 한국자동차공학회 2020 한국자동차공학회 학술대회 및 전시회 Vol.2020 No.11

불교 교설에 나타난 불교상담의 기본요소

최정윤(Choi, Jung-yoon) 한국불교상담학회 2019 불교상담학연구 Vol.14 No.-

본 연구는 불교교설에 나타난 불교상담의 기본요소에 대해 고찰해보는 것이다. 최근 들어불교와 상담에 대한 관심이 높아지며 상담심리학에서 불교와 상담을 활용과 접목한 효과적 상담에 대한 개발이 적극적으로 이뤄지고 있다. 붓다는 고(苦)로부터 해탈과 열반에 이르기 위한 깨달음을 강조하였는데, 붓다가 6년 동안 수행 후 깨달은 것이 바로 연기법(緣起法)이다. 연기의 이법으로 고(苦)뿐만 아니라 모든 자연현상, 사회문제 그리고 물질과 정신 모든 것이 상호의존이라는 조건에 의해 발생함을 파악한 것이다. 연기법은 진리이며, 온 세계가 움직이고 모든 현상들이 나타나는 과학적, 합리적인 법칙이다. 그리고 이러한 연기법은 존재의 실상을 관찰하는 것뿐만 아니라 사물을 인식하는 데서 따르게 된다는 것을 알 수 있다. 즉, 연기법은 현상과 현실의 영역을 토대로 나타내 보이는 법칙이다. 경전에서 붓다에 대해 의왕(醫王)이라고 불릴 정도로 붓다는 상담자의 자질을 갖추고 있다. 그리고 붓다가 깨달은 앎을 통해 나와 내 주변을 있는 그대로 봄으로써 좁은 아집에서 벗어나 나 이외에 이웃을 생각할 수 있다. 이러한 깨달음이란 관념을 내려놓고 있는 그대로 보는 것이다. 불교가 심리적인 체계로 이루어짐에 일찍이 서구 시회에서 관심을 받게 되며 심리 상담학계에서 역시 불교상담에 대한 관심이 고조되고 있다. 상담이란, 먼저 관계가 중요하며 내담자로 하여금 자기 이해와 통찰로 치료의 효과를 가져오게 되는 것인데, 이러한 최적의 치료적 효과로 불교상담에서 찾아보게 된다. 이에 불교상담의 개념 정립이 기존의 심리상담과 차별성을 둔 것이며 붓다의 교리와 수행을 바탕으로 이루어진 것이라고 주장하는 가운데, 불교 교설에 나타난 불교상담의 목표와 상담요인붓다의 상담 방법론에 대해 알아보고자한다. This study examines the basic elements of Buddhist counseling in Buddhist doctrine. In recent years, there has been a growing interest in Buddhism and counseling, and counseling psychology has been actively engaged in the development of effective counseling by combining and utilizing these aspects of Buddhism and counseling. Buddha emphasized release from suffering and enlightenment to reach Nirvana, and what Buddha realized after 6 years of practice was the principle of causality. Using this principle, he has realized that not only suffering but also all social phenomena and problems, including both physical and mental, have occurred due to the conditions of interdependence. The principle of causality is truth and the scientific and rational principle wherein the entire world moves and all kinds of phenomena appear. And this principle is what enables us not only to observe the reality of existence but also to recognize objects. In other words, the principle of causality reveals the truth based on the realm of phenomena and reality. In the scriptures, Buddha has the qualities of a counselor to such an extent that he could be called a medical king. And like the episteme Buddha realized through enlightenment, I can get out of my narrow egoism by looking at myself and my surroundings as they are and think of others besides me. This enlightenment is to see things as they are by laying down concepts. As Buddhism consists of a psychological system, it attracted attention from the Western societies from early on, and interest in Buddhist counseling is on the rise in psychological counseling. In counseling, the relationship is important more than anything else as it enables the clients to get the effect of the treatment through self-understanding and insight. This optimal therapeutic effect can be found in Buddhist counseling. Thus, the purpose of this research is to examine the goals, counseling factors, and counseling methods of the Buddha by applying Buddha’s consultation to Buddhist counseling, which is based on the doctrine and performance of Buddha.