제약회사 마케팅 인쇄물의 정확도에 대한 평가

이홍연,정유석,최은영,박일환 한국의료윤리학회 2012 한국의료윤리학회지 Vol.15 No.2

As information provided in pharmaceutical marketing brochures has the potential to change doctors’prescribing behavior, ongoing efforts to increase awareness about drug promotion are crucial. However medical information in journal advertising has been criticized in several studies for being of poor quality. To find out the accuracy and ethical status of pharmaceutical marketing brochures about proton pump inhibitors prescribed in one university hospital in South Korea, six brochures were collected from pharmaceutical representatives visiting the family medicine out-patient department of that hospital between May 2010 to March 2011. We examined these brochures for the types of claims that were made, the amount and type of evidence provided, the authenticity of the quoted references, and whether or not the brochures satisfied the “World Health Organization (WHO) criteria 1988.” We also ascertained the source of funding for the original research cited in the brochures. Upon analysis, none of the promotional brochures fulfilled all of the WHO criteria. All brochures used emotionally loaded language and made exaggerated claims about the efficacy of the medicine in question. A total of 61 references were found in these brochures, 86.8% of which were journal articles. Of the journal articles cited in these brochures, 73.6% were SCI level, most were based on randomized controlled trials (RCT, 53.8%), and 41.5% were sponsored by pharmaceutical companies. Additionally, 17.1% of the claims made in these brochures were incorrect according to the published articles cited in the brochures, and 10.4% contained vague descriptions. We conclude that some of the information provided in pharmaceutical brochures for physicians is incorrect. Accordingly, we suggest that physicians need to be cautious about the reliability of information provided in drug advertisements and should follow the principles of evidencebased medicine in assessing the validity of information provided by pharmaceutical companies. As information provided in pharmaceutical marketing brochures has the potential to change doctors’prescribing behavior, ongoing efforts to increase awareness about drug promotion are crucial. However medical information in journal advertising has been criticized in several studies for being of poor quality. To find out the accuracy and ethical status of pharmaceutical marketing brochures about proton pump inhibitors prescribed in one university hospital in South Korea, six brochures were collected from pharmaceutical representatives visiting the family medicine out-patient department of that hospital between May 2010 to March 2011. We examined these brochures for the types of claims that were made, the amount and type of evidence provided, the authenticity of the quoted references, and whether or not the brochures satisfied the “World Health Organization (WHO) criteria 1988.” We also ascertained the source of funding for the original research cited in the brochures. Upon analysis, none of the promotional brochures fulfilled all of the WHO criteria. All brochures used emotionally loaded language and made exaggerated claims about the efficacy of the medicine in question. A total of 61 references were found in these brochures, 86.8% of which were journal articles. Of the journal articles cited in these brochures, 73.6% were SCI level, most were based on randomized controlled trials (RCT, 53.8%), and 41.5% were sponsored by pharmaceutical companies. Additionally, 17.1% of the claims made in these brochures were incorrect according to the published articles cited in the brochures, and 10.4% contained vague descriptions. We conclude that some of the information provided in pharmaceutical brochures for physicians is incorrect. Accordingly, we suggest that physicians need to be cautious about the reliability of information provided in drug advertisements and should follow the principles of evidencebased medicine in assessing the validity of information provided by pharmaceutical companies.

청소년기 자녀와 중년기 어머니의 적응 및 모-자녀갈등

이홍연,정혜정,이주연 한국가정과학회 2002 미래사회환경과 가정학 Vol.2002 No.-

질식 전자궁적출술에 있어서 Needle Urethropexy술 병용의 효과에 관한 연구

이홍연,박창서,이명아,양화생,배덕호 대한산부인과학회 1995 대한산부인과학회 학술대회 Vol.76 No.-

잡 크래프팅과 직무만족에 관한 실증적 연구 : 개인-직무 적합성의 매개효과와 심리적 계약위반의 조절효과

이홍연,이태식 한국생산성학회 2022 生産性論集 Vol.36 No.3

Organizations, regardless of age or region, focus on finding ways to improve individual and organizational performance by efficiently managing members and improving their job satisfaction levels. In this regard, it can be seen that in general, members who are satisfied with their job are expected to generate higher performance than those who do not. In addition, when the organization recognizes that the job assigned to the member is suitable for the member, it can increase the level of job satisfaction, and this process is expected to lead to positive attitudes and actions. Based on this, it can be seen that the method of job design is important in order for members to perform their jobs efficiently. In the past, a top-down job design was used for instructing employees to work, but today, upward job design is required. Thus, in this study, we focused on job crafting as a representative variable of the upward job design. The core role of job crafting is to make members perceive their job as a more meaningful action, which can lead to a high level of person-job fit, which in turn will increase the level of satisfaction with the job. Therefore, this study focuses on job crafting and person-job fit, which are representative variables of the up-to-date job design method, as the preceding factors that can induce job satisfaction. In addition, even if job crafting, which is an action that changes one's job in a positive direction, is expected to diminish the influence of job crafting if the psychological contract that the organization must protect to individuals is violated. Overall, it is important to emphasize the importance of self-improvement behavior at the individual level, such as job crafting, but the psychological contracts that must be kept to individuals at the organization level are also important. Accordingly, we verified the moderating effect of psychological contract violations in the relationship between the person-job fit of job crafting, a key variable in this paper. Summarizing the above, in this study, the process of job crafting members experiencing job satisfaction was explained through the mediating effect of person-job fit. In order to verify this, path analysis was conducted using the structural equation model. Furthermore, to secure the mediating effect, additional bootstrapping techniques were used. In addition, according to the level of perception of psychological contracts, the influence of job crafting on person-job fit would be different. Thus, in order to verify this, the control role of psychological contracts was clearly identified and verified through multiple regression analysis. The results of the empirical analysis are summarized as follows. Job crafting was found to have a positive (+) effect on person-job fit. In addition, it was found that person-job fit had a positive (+) effect on job satisfaction. And it was found that job crafting had a positive (+) effect on job satisfaction. Significant mediating effects of psychological contracts were verified in the relationship between job crafting and person-job fit. Finally, psychological contracts showed a significant moderating effect in the relationship between job crafting and person-job fit. Through these research results, practical implications and future research directions were presented. 조직에서는구성원들을관리하여각구성원들이높은수준의직무만족을경험하게하고이에따라개인성과및조직성과향상방안마련에중심을두고있다.이는구성원들의직무만족수준이높을수록성과가향상될것이라고예상되기때문이라고볼수있다.또한조직에서개인-직무적합성의수준이높은구성원들은자신의직무에만족할것이며이는나아가개인및조직의성과를향상시킬것이다.이에따라구성원들이효율적으로자신의직무를수행하기위해서는직무설계방식이중요하다.과거에는하향적직무설계방식을통해구성원들을관리하였지만현재에는4차산업혁명및경영환경의변화에따라상향적직무설계방식이필요하다.따라서본논문에서는상향적직무설계방식의대표적인변수인잡크래프팅에초점을맞춰연구를진행하였다.잡크래프팅을하는구성원들은자신의직무를재설계하여의미있는일로변화시키는과정을통해높은수준의개인-직무적합성을인지할수있다.또한높은수준의개인-직무적합성을인지한구성원들은보다자신의직무에만족할것이다.따라서본논문에서는직무만족의선행요인으로잡크래프팅과개인-직무적합성의영향력을검증하는것에초점을맞추고이를경로분석을통해검증하였다.또한잡크래프팅과같은개인수준에서자신의직무에대한노력은개인-직무적합성및직무만족의수준을향상시키지만조직차원에서개인에게심리적계약을위반했을경우구성원들이잡크래프팅을하더라도그영향력이감소될것이다.따라서잡크래프팅과개인-직무적합성간의관계에서심리적계약위반의조절효과를검증하였다.분석결과를종합하면다음과같다.잡크래프팅은개인-직무적합성에정(+)의영향을미치는것으로나타났다.개인-직무적합성은직무만족에정(+)의영향을미치는것으로나타났다.잡크래프팅은직무만족에정(+)의영향을미치는것으로나타났다.또한잡크래프팅과직무만족간의경로에서개인-직무적합성의매개효과가검증되었다.마지막으로심리적계약위반은잡크래프팅과개인-직무적합성간의관계를부(-)적으로조절하는것으로나타났다.

Nafion 용액 함침과 전기방사를 이용한 고분자 전해질 연료전지용 폴리에테르술폰 막

이홍연,황형권,박상선,최성원,설용건 한국막학회 2010 멤브레인 Vol.20 No.1

본 연구에서는 내열성 고분자인 폴리에테르술폰을 이용하여 전기방사의 방법으로 섬유 형태의 다공성 막을 제조하였다. 여기에 Nafion 용액을 함침 시켜 고분자 전해질 연료전지용 막을 제조하였다. 열중량 분석을 통해, 현재 고분자 전해질 막으로 상용화되어 널리 쓰이고 있는 Nafion 212보다 더 높은 열적 안정성을 갖는 것을 확인하였다. 주사전자현미경 측정을 통하여, 다공성의 폴리에테르술폰 막에 Nafion 용액이 수소이온 전도체로서 잘 함침 되어 있음을 확인할 수 있었다. AC impedance 측정 결과, 100°C 이하의 온도범위에는 수소 이온 전도도가 10 -2 S/cm로 나왔으며, 100°C 이상의 범위에서는 10 -3 S/cm의 값을 나타냈다. 0.6 V, 90°C의 조건에서 389 mA/㎠의 전류밀도를 나타내었다. Nafion 212 상용 막이 75°C에서 최대 성능을 나타내는데 반해, Nafion 용액을 함침시킨 폴리에테르술폰 막은 90°C에서 최대 성능을 갖는 것으로 나타났다. In this study, we manufactured the membrane using the polyethersulfone (PES) of fiber by using the electrospinning method. The polymer electrolyte membrane for fuel cells was manufactured by impregnating Nafion solution to the porous PES membrane. We confirmed that electrospun PES membrane has higher thermal stability than Nafion 212 membrane by thermogravimetric analysis. Impregnated Nafion in the pores of the electrospun PES membrane was characterized by scanning electron microscopy. The AC impedance data shows the hydrogen ionic conductivity of 10 -2 S/cm below 100°C. Nafion impregnated PES membrane shows the maximum performance at 90°C showing current density of 389 mA/㎠ at 0.6 V, while Nafion 212 membrane shows maximum at 75°C.

Ma Ke(馬可)의 작업에 반영된 도가미학 사상

이홍연,임은혁 한국의류산업학회 2022 한국의류산업학회지 Vol.24 No.6

The rapid development of the fashion industry in contemporary society has also caused various problemssuch as environmental pollution, material excess, and spiritual poverty. Accordingly, traditional Chinese Taoist aestheticscan solve the spiritual poverty that people are facing today, and the spiritual pursuit of returning to innocence. This study focuses on the works of first generation Chinese designer Ma Ke as an example to discuss the embodimentand application of Taoist aesthetics. The results are as follows: First, Ma Ke's works emphasize the value ofhandicraft through traditional handcrafting and natural fibers, which reflect the beauty of simplicity and the non-actionof Taoist aesthetics. Second, the works acknowledge nature by using natural materials and retaining their originalappearance, which embodies Taoist aesthetics of the beauty in non-action and living in harmony with nature. Third,the collections reflect a critical attitude toward the fashion industry and consumer culture by rethinking consumerismand advocating environmental protection, thus propagating the beauty in simplicity and the harmonious life withnature in Taoism aesthetics. In conclusion, Ma Ke's designs incorporating sustainability and handicraft exhibit thecore features of Taoist aesthetics, including the beauty in simplicity, non-action, and living in harmony with naturewhile exploring the relationship between modernity and tradition, man and nature, and handicraft and fashion. Thisresearch can contribute to understanding Ma Ke's works in promoting critical thinking about the fashion industrythrough Taoist aesthetics.

일반연제 발표 : 생식내분비 및 불임 1 ; 폐경기 여성에서 호르몬 보충 요법이 Aortic flow에 미치는 영향

이홍연,김동석,양남훈,박창서 대한산부인과학회 1996 대한산부인과학회 학술대회 Vol.78 No.-

Electrospun Poly(Ether Sulfone) Membranes Impregnated with Nafion for High-Temperature Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cells

이홍연,황형권,이진구,전유권,박대환,김종학,설용건 한국전기화학회 2016 한국전기화학회지 Vol.19 No.1

Electrospun poly(ether sulfone) (PES) membrane impregnated with Nafion (PES-N) have been developed for high-temperature polymer-electrolyte membrane fuel cell (HTPEMFC). The PES-N obtains highly thermal stability up to 430℃, which is higher than that of the commercial Nafion 212. The PES-N membrane shows a good proton conductivity of about 10-2 S cm-1 in a temperature range from 75℃ to 120℃. The membrane-electrode assembly (MEA) with the PES-N membrane exhibits a current density of 1.697 A cm-2 at 75℃, and 0.813 A cm-2 at 110℃ when the applied voltage is 0.6 V, whereas the MEA with the Nafion 212 membrane shows the current density of 0.647 Acm-2 at 110℃. The results suggest that the PES-N can be a good candidate for a polymer electrolyte membrane of the HT-PEMFC.

원자력 시설 주변 방사선량 감시를 위한 양방향 이동형 방사선측정 시스템 개발

이홍연,김보길,주한영,김재욱,최진식,문주현 (사)한국방사선산업학회 2022 방사선산업학회지 Vol.16 No.4

To protect local residents and environment from radioactive material that might be releasedfrom nuclear energy facilities, regulatory agencies, nuclear operator, and local governments havechecked the radioactivity concentration and radiation dose rate and analyzed the samples taken in theenvironment neighboring them, according to the Nuclear Safety and Security Commission Notice No. 2019-10 (Standards for Radiation Protection, etc.). This study aims to develop a mobile environmentalradiation monitoring system that could be installed on public transportation vehicles, for the successfuldevelopment. A mobile two-way radiation measurement system was developed, and performanceevaluation was performed by installing a system on public transportation in the area around the nuclearpower plant to perform performance evaluation. As a result of the performance evaluation, it wasconfirmed that the mobile two-way radiation detection system worked properly.

Schonberg 의 op.11 " Drei Klavierstucke Nr.1 " 에 대한 분석 연구

이홍연 한국음악학회 1989 한국음악학회논문집 음악연구 Vol.7 No.1

The expanded harmonic vocabulary of late nineteenth-century music had extended the range of tonal relationships to the point where the traditional articulative procedures were no longer adequate. The final step in this development was taken by Arnold Scho¨nberg in a radical stylistic departure based upon a rejection of any general principles regulating simultaneity and progression. In the Compositions Scho¨nberg wrote between 1908 and 1923, the period of "free atonality", he disclosed that this ultimate expansion of possible relations to include the whole range of combinations contained in the semitonal scale demands a revaluation of every aspect of the musial language. In <Opus 11, "Three Piano Pieces" No.l> the intervallic cells that consist from eleven semitones and whole-tone scale generate a larger, thematically significant pattern. Rhythm, contour, melodic intervals, and pitch content are treated as separable components of the theme. Upon the form of the sixty-four measures of the piece the traditional eight-bar construction is dominant. But the eight-bar phrases contains two or three phrase members asymmetrically-three bars puls five bars or two bars plus six bars or three bars plus three bars plus two bars etc, The progression of scale and arpeggio is expanded spatially through octave displacements and telescoped in time. The device of damp pedal and harmonics gives peculiar and unique sonority, but in many places of this work atonality was not absotutely achieved. It is to he recognized his great reformation that affected to the modern music in the twentieth century and also regarded <Scho¨nherg's Opus 11, No.1> as one of the most important works written in free atonality,