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이춘성 대한척추외과학회 2001 대한척추외과학회지 Vol.8 No.3
Inspondylolisthesis of children and adoliscents, the main cause of deformity is not the percentage of slippage, but the lumbosacral kyposis. Slip angle is of significant help in determining the lumbosacral kyphosis and the likelihood of further progression of slippage. Reduction has been considered unnecessary by many authors because of the reliability of in situ fusion. However, in severe cases, posterior arthrodesis is stressed in distraction and seems hardly able to stabilize the instability. An potimal reduction would place L4 parallel or lordotic in relation to the sacrum. Several unresolved questions remain : How should the reduction ge achieved? Should the reduction be stabilized by internal fixation systems? What of fixation device provides the best stabilization?
QoS와 신뢰성을 제공하는 확장성 있는 오버레이 멀티캐스트
이춘성,송정욱,최병욱,한선영,Rhee, Choon-Sung,Song, Jung-Wook,Choi, Byoung-Uk,Han, Sun-Young 한국정보처리학회 2006 정보처리학회논문지 C : 정보통신,정보보안 Vol.13 No.6
본 논문에서는 확장성 있고 신뢰성 있는 오버레이 멀티캐스트를 지원하기 위하여 새로운 멀티캐스트 트리 구성 방법과 지역적인 멀티캐스트를 도입하였다. 본 논문에서 제안하는 구조는 멀티캐스트 네트워크와 멀티캐스트를 지원하지 않는 네트워크가 혼합된 환경에서 멀티캐스트소스로부터 사용자들에게 스트리밍 데이터를 효율적으로 전달할 수 있다 새로운 멀티캐스트 트리 구성 방식은 서브넷에 릴레이가 존재하지 않는 경우에 최적의 조건인 원격 릴레이와 접속을 가능하게 한다. 또한, IPv6 헤더의 Traffic Class에 새로운 서비스 타입을 정의하여 릴레이에서 선택적인 FEC 적용과 차별화 된 전송을 가능하게 하였다. 우리가 제시한 해결책의 효과를 검증하기 위하여, 실제 서비스 환경과 유사한 환경을 시뮬레이터로 구현하고 테스트하였으며, 그 테스트 결과는 전통적인 유니캐스트 접근 방식과 기존의 오버레이 멀티캐스트 방식보다 훨씬 더 효율적인 것으로 판명되었다. In order to support overlay multicast with scalability and reliability, in this paper, we introduced a new multicast tree construction method and a regional multicast. The architecture we introduce efficiently transmits streaming data to the users from multicast source in an environment in which non-multicast network and multicast network. The new multicast tree construction method enables the connection with a remote relay which is an optimum condition in case there is no relay in subnet. Besides, by defining a new service type to traffic class of IPv6 header, a selective adoption or FEC and a distinctive transmission became possible. In order to verify the effect of the solution we suggested, we embodied an environment which is similar to the actual service environment by a simulator and tested it. The result of the test shows that the proposed method is more efficient than the traditional unicast approach method and the existing overlay multicast.
Preoperative Magnetic Resonance Imaging Evaluation in Patients with Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis
이춘성,황창주,김남흔,노현민,이미영,윤소정,이동호 대한척추외과학회 2017 Asian Spine Journal Vol.11 No.1
Study Design: Retrospective case series. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the incidence of neural axis abnormalities and the relevant risk factors in patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS). Overview of Literature: The use of preoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to assess the whole spine in patients with idiopathic scoliosis is controversial, and indications for such MRI evaluations have not been definitively established. However, we routinely use whole-spine MRI in patients with scoliosis who are scheduled to undergo surgical correction. Methods: A total of 378 consecutive patients with presumed AIS who were admitted for spinal surgery were examined for neural axis abnormalities using MRI. To differentiate patients with normal and abnormal MRI findings, the following clinical parameters were evaluated: age, sex, menarcheal status, rotation angle (using a scoliometer), coronal balance, shoulder height difference, and low back pain. We radiographically evaluated curve type, thoracic or thoracolumbar curve direction, curve magnitude and flexibility, apical vertebral rotation, curve length, coronal balance, sagittal balance, shoulder height difference, thoracic kyphosis, and the Risser sign. Results: Neural axis abnormalities were detected in 24 patients (6.3%). Abnormal MRI findings were significantly more common in males than in females and were associated with increased thoracic kyphosis. However, there were no significant differences in terms of the other measured parameters. Conclusions: Among the patients with presumed AIS who received preoperative whole-spine MRI, 6.3% had neural axis abnormalities. Males and patients with increased thoracic kyphosis were at a higher risk.
이춘성,김영태,김유진 대한척추외과학회 1997 대한척추외과학회지 Vol.4 No.1
Study Design : Patients with the diagnosis of Lumbar Degenerative Kyphosis (LDK) were reviewed. Objective : To discuss clinical observations with radiological findings of LDK. Summary of Literature Review : Although the use of Harrington distraction instrumentation has often been suspected to be the main cause of flatback resulting in the loss of lumbar lordosis, degenerative flatbacks, rather than such iatrogenic causes, are more frepuently observed. LDK, a flatback due to degeneration, is reported to be the most frequent cause of lumbar spine deformity in farming districts of oriental countries (Takemitsu, et al, 1988). Materials and Methods : 77 patients were analyzed for the clinical symptoms and radiological findings o LDK at Asan Medical Center from Feb, 1995 through March, 1997. Results : The most distinctive symptom of LDK was the difficulty in walking and climbing slopes due to forward stooping of the trunk. Majority of patients were unable to hold objects in front of them, and had to support themselves with their elbows while washing dishes or faces. These were cardinal symptoms of LDK. Mos of them suffered from cosmetic handicaps which hampered their social lives. The patients had taken a squatting posture all their lives while farming or doing housework. Radiological findings showed decreased lumbar lordosis or kyphosis, decreased thoracic kyphosis or lordosis, and decreased sacral inclination. Conclusion : LDK is a clinical entity with unique characteristics. In diagnosing LDK, careful clinical considerations must be taken along with afore mentioned radiological findings. If walking difficulties originating from the mechanical causes as in the case of LDK are indiscriminately treated in the same way as the neurogenic claudication cases due to spinal stenosis, the results may bring exacerbation rather than a cure. Only the proper diagnosis and adequate treatment of LDK, therefore, will deliver alleviation of the symptoms.