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청동기시대 영남지역 출토 인골을 통해 본 젠더 연구 - 매장패턴과 석검 부장양상을 중심으로 -
신석원 영남고고학회 2017 嶺南考古學 Vol.- No.78
This study analyzed the burial pattern of the Bronze Age human remains excavated from the Yeongnam Region. The buried’s posture along with the presence/absence of a polished stone dagger has been analyzed in relation to a buried’s age & sex that were judged in the characterization analyses of the human bones. As a result, the mortuary practices of extended posture(伸展葬) have been found in one female and a part of males over adult, and the mortuary practices of flexed posture(屈葬) have been identified regardless of age & sex. And the burial of polished stone dagger had appeared in one female and a part of males over juvenile. Through these analytical results, it figured out the social aspect of the Bronze Age in relation with gender. As a result, it confirmed that gender related to male is symbolically expressed very actively in the mortuary practices of extended posture and the presence of the buried stone dagger. The comparison with both lines of evidences can be explained through the dynamic mechanisms caused by different causes or conditions. A gender related to male is symbolically and more actively expressed in this way. On the other hand, a female-related gender is not shown. This phenomenon might imply the society of the Bronze Age in the Yeongnam Region was presumed to have emphasized the androcentric expressions while it might have slightly refrained the female expressions. 본 연구는 영남지역의 청동기시대 인골에 대해 연령, 성별, 매장자세, 석검부장 등을 분석하여 매장패턴을 살펴보았다. 매장자세의 경우 신전장은 성년 이상의 남성 중 일부와 여성 한 개체에서만 나타났으나, 굴장은 연령이나 성별에 상관없이 확인되었다. 그리고 석검은 약년 이상의 남성 중 일부와 여성 한 개체에게 부장된 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 이러한 매장패턴에 대해 당시 사회의 젠더와 연관지어 검토한 결과, 신전장 및 석검의 부장을 통해 남성성이 표출되는 것으로 보았다. 그리고 남성성이 표출되는 양자의 비교를 통하여 이들이 서로 다른 원인이나 조건으로 인한 각각의 메커니즘을 통해 나타나는 것으로 추정하였다. 또한 이처럼 매장패턴상 남성성의 표출이 다방면으로 나타나는 반면 여성성의 표출은 보이지 않는 점에서, 청동기시대 사회의 매장에 있어서는 남성의 표현이 강조되고 여성의 표현은 다소 제한되었던 것으로 추정할 수 있었다.
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소아전문응급의료센터 이용 형태의 특징과 고찰: 2년 간의 단일기관 연구
신석원,최희정,최보금 대한소아응급의학회 2020 대한소아응급의학회지 Vol.7 No.1
Purpose: Advanced pediatric emergency centers play an important role in professional treatment of children. We analyzed the characteristics of children who visited an advanced pediatric emergency center. Methods: The study enrolled children younger than 15 years who had visited Keimyung University Dongsan Medical advanced pediatric emergency center between April 2016 and March 2018. We reviewed the children’s age group characteristics, time of visit, triage results by the Korean Triage and Acuity Scale (KTAS), use of the emergency medical service ambulances, emergency department length of stay, final diagnosis, and final disposition. Results: A total 41,355 children (mean age, 3.1 ± 3.0 years) were enrolled, and those aged 1-4 years accounted for 65.7%. The visit was most frequent in December, at night (40.2%), and at holiday hours (30.2%) (c.f., business hours, 11.5%). Fever (33.2%) and eyelid laceration (11.5%) were the most common final diagnoses of diseases and injuries, respectively. The children triaged as the KTAS 1-2 accounted for 5.9% of the study children (c.f., KTAS 3-4, 91.5%). According to time of visit, the proportion of hospitalization (31.4%) and transfer from other hospitals (34.7%) were most frequent at business hours than other times of visit (P < 0.001). Conclusion: The children tended to visit the center with minor diseases or injuries, especially during holidays and at night. Further research is needed for optimizing the roles of advanced pediatric emergency centers, taking into account the characteristics of patients and demand for the centers.
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고령 지산동 44호분 순장곽의 매장패턴 연구 –인골과 부장품의 위치관계를 중심으로–
신석원 한국고고학회 2013 한국고고학보 Vol.88 No.-
This study focused on the research that verifies the relationship by Jisandong Tomb No.44 between character information on bone of the buried and grave goods. Sacrificed burials are suitable for verification on a series of the burial pattern which probably existed in corresponding time because the construction period of Sacrificed burials, which consist of thirty-two, is totally same. According to analyzed result, specific burial pattern was found from the relationship between sex of the buried and buried earthenware. It was also found that mounted cup had been placed on head direction with the buried for male while placed on the direction of the feet for female. With the buried for folded man, moreover, the result proved that mounted cup had been placed on the direction of the feet like female. Daegaya society had held that social roles and perceptions depends on gender. Under this information, the consequence of investigation revealed that it was Daegaya where the burial pattern as a kind of cultural form had been embodied by the group who had built Jisan-dong Tombs in the late 5th century. It also revealed these facts had only applied to Jisan-dong Tombs in Daegaya. In addition, the study partially restored omitted information of the buried by means of the burial pattern and tried to interpret the relationship between the placement of sacrificed burials and the character of the buried on Tomb No.44.
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청동기시대 장제의 지역성 연구 - 인골자료를 중심으로 -
신석원 ( Shin Seok-won ) (재)동아시아문물연구학술재단 동아시아문물연구소 2017 文物硏究 Vol.- No.32
청동기시대의 장제에 관한 기존 연구들은 거의 대부분이 인골의 검토가 제대로 이루어지지 않은 채 단편적이고 부수적으로 접근한 경우가 많았다. 이러한 문제점을 극복하고자 본 연구에서는 청동기시대의 유구에서 출토한 126개체의 인골을 연구대상으로 삼아 한국(남한지역) 청동기시대 장제의 지역성에 대해 접근을 시도해 보았다. 장제의 제요소 중 먼저 피장자의 인골에서 확인할 수 있는 매장방법 및 절차, 두향, 자세를 분류하였다. 그 결과 매장방법 및 절차에서 모두 6개의 유형을 구분 할 수 있었다. 그리고 두향을 8개 방위로 구분하고, 자세를 신전장과 굴장으로 나누었다. 분류한 각각의 요소들에 대해 수계별로 구분한 유역에 따라 분석을 시도하여, 공통적으로 나타나는 양상과 지역간 구분되는 차별적 양상을 확인할 수 있었다. 그리고 이를 통해 청동기시대의 사회상을 지역성과 관련하여 검토해 보았다. 그 결과 지역과 관계없이 매장방법에서는 매장과 화장이 주로 성행하였고, 두향과 관련하여서는 해가 지는 서쪽 방향을 기피하는 관념이 존재했음을 알 수 있었다. 한편 지역적으로는 특히 청동기시대 후기에 한정했을 때, 송국리문화권과 그 외 지역이 매장방법 및 절차상의 유형에서 서로 구분됨을 파악할 수 있었다. 이것은 화장이면서 일차장인 경우 각각 화장1a형과 화장1b형으로 상이하며, 소형 매장주체부에 행해진 이차장의 경우 각각 매장2형과 화장2형으로 대비되어 나타난다. 또한 양 지역의 내부에서도 수계별로 구분한 유역에 따라 매장과 화장의 비율이나 특수한 매장방법의 유무 등이 서로 다르게 나타남을 확인할 수 있었다. There were many cases that the existing researches on the funeral institution in bronze age approached fragmentarily and subsidiarily without which most of them properly examined the human remains. To overcome this problem, this study attempted the approach to the funeral institution of bronze age in South Korea by having the research subjects as 126 pieces of human remains that were excavated from the remains of bronze age. Among all elements of the funeral institution, first of all, it classified a burial method & procedure, head direction and a posture available for being confirmed in a human bone of a buried person. As a result, all of 6 types could be divided from a burial method & procedure. And the head direction was divided into 8 bearings. A posture was classified into Shinjeon-jang(伸展葬) and Gul-jang(屈葬). As for each of the sorted elements, a burial method & procedure, head direction and a posture were analyzed depending on the basin that was classified by water system. As a result of the analysis, it could confirm the aspect, which is shown in common in the former, and the differential aspect, which is divided by region. Through these analytical results, it figured out the social aspect of bronze age in relation to locality. First of all, in the locality of the funeral institution, a burial method was prevailed burial and cremation in common. With regard to head direction, an idea of avoiding west of the sun declining was confirmed to have existed. Also, the limitation to the latter part of bronze age led to what Songguk-ri culture sphere and other areas are indicated with the mutually different image in a burial method & procedural type. Even in the inside of each region, a different aspect was identified according to the basin that was classified by water system.
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