통고산(경북) 일대의 자원식물상 연구

도재화(Tho, Jae-Hwa),박선주(Seon-Joo Park),김주환(Joo-Hwan Kim) 한국자원식물학회 2002 한국자원식물학회지 Vol.15 No.3

Tonggo-san(1066.5m) is located at 36° 53 00 - 36 55 00 in latitude, at 129° 10 30 - 129° 13 00 in longitude and on Seo-myeon, Uljin-gun and Subi-myeon, Yeongyang-gun in Gyeongsangbuk-do. Tonggo-san shows the typical vegetation patterns including the middle area of temperate region of Korea represented by the secondary forests of Quercus mongolica and Q. dentata. There was no detailed result on the flora and vegetation of Tonggo-san until now. Therefore, we tried to discuss on the distribution and availability of vascular plants including economical plants. Also, we could discuss the especialized plants and their distributions according to the criteria by the Ministry of Environment. The results of plant collection and their investigation from April in 2001 to November in 2001 are as follows : The vascular plants consist of total 565 taxa; 17 forms, 82 varieties, 466 species, 297 genera, 94 families,37 orders, 4 classes, 2 subphyla. In this area, there were a lot of useful economic plants such as 232 taxa(41%) of edible source, 222 taxa(39%) of forage source, 183 taxa(32%) of medicinal source, and 72 taxa(12%) of ornamental source, 15 taxa(2.6%) timber source, 7 taxa(1.2%) industrial raw material source respectively. Among them, the Korean endemic plants were 22 taxa(3.9% among total 565 taxa); 1 forms, 2 varieties, 19 species, 22 genera, 16 families. And rare and endangered plants was 1 taxa; Astragatus membranaceus. Also, the naturalized plants were 19 taxa(3.4% among total 565 taxa and 10.4% among the total naturalized plants in Korea).

세계자연유산 만장굴 입구 주변의 관속식물상

도재화 ( Jae Hwa Tho ),김찬수 ( Chan Soo Kim ),문명옥 ( Myong Ok Moon ),강창훈 ( Chang Hun Kang ) 한국환경과학회 2008 한국환경과학회지 Vol.17 No.10

세포학적 형질에 기초한 미선나무의 계통분류학적 연구

태경환,도재화,김주환,Tae, Kyoung-Hwan,Tho, Jae-Hwa,Kim, Joo-Hwan 한국식물분류학회 2005 식물 분류학회지 Vol.35 No.2

한국 특산식물인 미선나무 1종을 대상으로 세포학적 조사를 수행한 결과 2n=28로 x=14의 2배수성 식물로 조사되었다. 염색체 크기는 $1.00{\mu}m$에서 $2.03{\mu}m$의 크기를 보였고, 그 크기는 연속적인 상태를 나타내었다. 본 연구에서 밝혀진 세포학적 형질인 기본염색체수, 크기의 연속성, 배수성 및 핵형에 있어 개나리속 식물과 거의 유사한 특징을 갖는 것으로 밝혀져 이들 속간에 세포학적으로 유연관계가 밀접한 것으로 판단되며, 미선나무속과 개나리속은 동일족에 포함되는 것이 타당할 것으로 사료된다. Cytological characteristics of Abeliophyllum distichum (Oleaceae), endemic to Korea, was examined. Somatic chromosome numbers was 2n = 28 which corresponds to diploid based on x=14. Chromosome length was varied continuously from $1.00{\mu}m$ to $2.03{\mu}m$. Karyotype of Abeliophyllum distichum was investigated in this study for the first time. The cytological characteristics including basic chromosome number, continuous variation of chromosome length, diploid and karyotype were similar to those of the genus Forsythia, which indicated the close relationship between Abeliophyllum and Forsythia, and consequently the two genera seemed to be included to same tribe.

조각난 경관에서 멸종위기종 붉은점모시나비의 서식지 패치 네트워크 분석과 보전

김도성,박성준,조영호,김기동,도재화,서형수,신영규,서민환,오길종,Kim, Do-Sung,Park, Seong-Joon,Cho, Young-Ho,Kim, Ki-Dong,Tho, Jae-Wha,Seo, Hyung-Soo,Shin, Young-Kyu,Suh, Min-Hwan,Oh, Gil-Jong 한국응용곤충학회 2012 한국응용곤충학회지 Vol.51 No.1

종에 대한 생태적 특성과 서식지에 대한 이해는 종의 보전에 매우 중요하다. 본 연구는 멸종위기에 처해있는 붉은점모시나비의 생태적 특성을 바탕으로 서식지 패치네트워크를 분석하였다. 그 결과 포획 개체수는 188개체, 재포획은 220회 되었다. 그리고 암수의 비율은 42:146개체로 암컷보다는 수컷이 약 4배 많은 것으로 나타났다. 또한 개체의 평균생존일수는 $3.93{\pm}3.93$일(수컷: $4.0{\pm}3.9$, 암컷: $2.5{\pm}1.0$), 암컷과 수컷의 최대 생존일수는 각각 13, 14일 나타났고, 수컷이 암컷에 비하여 오래 생존하는 개체가 많은 것으로 나타났다. 종의 평균이동거리는 377 m을 보였으며 최대 1550 m까지 이동하는 것으로 나타났다. 패치연결성과 개체생존이주율의 추정에서 패치간의 거리가 약 300 m 이내가 종의 이주에 적합하며 600 m 이상 떨어질 경우 개체생존이주율이 급격하게 감소하는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 종의 이주 빈도는 근접한 거리에서 다수의 패치가 있는 곳에서 활발하게 일어나고 있어 종의 보전을 위해서는 근접한 거리에 다수의 패치가 필요함을 알 수 있었다. 이번 연구 결과는 붉은점모시나비의 서식지 특성이 분석되어 종 보전을 위한 서식지 디자인 및 설계에 유용하게 사용될 수 있을 것으로 본다. Understanding the ecological complexity and habitat of a species are crucially important to conserve an endangered species. This study evaluated the patch network ecology of the endangered species $Parnassius$ $bremeri$. The results indicated that 188 individuals were captured and 220 were recaptured, respectively. The sex ratio of female: male was 42:146; males were four times more abundant than females. The average longevity of an adult was $3.93{\pm}3.93$ days (male, $4.0{\pm}3.9$; female, $2.5{\pm}1.0$ days); the maximum longevity was 14 days for males and 13 days for females, respectively. Therefore, the expected longevity of males was longer than that of females. The average emigration distance for the species was 377 m, and the maximum emigration distance was 1550 m. The analysis of patch connectivity and individual colonization revealed that the ideal distance between patches was about 300 m. Moreover, a >600 m patch distance decreased the colonization rate severely. We also observed higher immigration and emigration between patches that were clustered in close proximity. This leads us to conclude that a higher number of patches at a close distance is best suited for $P.bremeri$. We find these results to be crucial to determine a policy to protect and conserve this endangered species.

나도승마(Kirengeshoma koreana Nakai) 생태정보 수집 및 서식지 평가

장래하 ( Jang Rae-ha ),김선령 ( Kim Sunryoung ),도재화 ( Tho Jae-hwa ),윤영준 ( Yoon Young-jun ) 한국환경복원기술학회 2023 한국환경복원기술학회지 Vol.26 No.6

This study was conducted to develop a habitat assessment system for the endangered wildlife II Kirengeshoma koreana Nakai through in-depth interviews with experts based on field surveys and environmental characteristics through spatial data analysis and literature research. Evaluation factors were selected based on the survey results of 31 variables for 23 K. koreana habitats. Afterwards, the importance and evaluation range for each assessment factor were selected. The selection of survey variables, assessment factors, importance of each factor and assessment range was conducted through in-depth interviews with experts at each stage. As a result, the assessment factors and importance were 16% for precipitation of the wettest month, 10% for vegetation zone, 12% for vegetation type, 10% for crown canopy vitality, 14% for tree layer coverage, 13% for drainage grade, 12% for soil depth, and 13% for distance to stream including dry stream. This study provides basic ecological information and a habitat assessment system for K. koreana habitats. Therefore, it can be used as primary data for preparing an endangered wildlife conservation policy, preparing a habitat improvement plan, and selecting an alternative habitat.

기후변화에 따른 멸종위기 야생생물 2급 백부자의 잠재서식처 변화와 파편화 예측

박선욱(Park, Seon Uk),구경아(Koo, Kyung Ah),도재화(Tho, Jae-Hwa),정철의(Jung, Chuleui) 한국기후변화학회 2023 한국기후변화학회지 Vol.14 No.1

서대산(충청남도)의 관속식물상 연구

김혁진 ( Hyuk Jin Kim ),태경환 ( Kyoung Hwan Tae ),김동갑 ( Dong Kap Kim ),도재화 ( Jae Hwa Tho ),윤창영 ( Chang Young Youn ),김주환 ( Joo Hwan Kim ) 한국환경생물학회 2006 환경생물 : 환경생물학회지 Vol.24 No.4

공간자료를 활용한 멸종위기종 저어새(Platalea minor)의 적합 번식지 분석 연구

정진우 ( Jung Jin-woo ),김선령 ( Kim Sunryoung ),윤영준 ( Yoon Young-jun ),도재화 ( Tho Jae-hwa ),한영덕 ( Han Yeong-deok ),장래하 ( Jang Rae-ha ) 한국환경복원기술학회 2023 한국환경복원기술학회지 Vol.26 No.6

This study analyzed potential breeding sites for black-faced spoonbills on 70 non-breeding, uninhabited islands in Incheon, Korea, in order to suggest potential breeding sites for black-faced spoonbills, whose breeding population has recently been increasing. By comparing the environmental characteristics of breeding and non-breeding areas identified through a literature search, we developed a discriminant to identify potential breeding areas for black-faced spoonbills. Among a total of eight environmental variables(Island area, distance from land, distance to mudflat, distance to rice field, distance to sea route, depth of water, mudflat area, rice field area), the variables that influenced the selection of breeding sites for black-faced spoonbills were average water depth, tidal flat area, and paddy field area. As a result of discriminant analysis of breeding islands using these variables, the accuracy was found to be quite high at 80%. As a result of applying the developed discriminant to non-breeding islands located in the Incheon region, a total of 9 islands(Yongrando, Goseokdo, Beolyeom, Joreumseom, Goeriseom, Hambakdo, Moido, Bigajido, Ahyeom) were identified as potential breeding grounds for spoonbills. The research results can be used as basic data for future management of black-faced spoonbill breeding sites and selection of alternative habitats.

硏究論文 : 국지적으로 분포하는 식물에 대한 기후 및 환경변수 영향

권혁수 ( Hyu Ksoo Kwon ),류지은 ( Ji Eun Ryu ),서창완 ( Chang Wan Seo ),김지연 ( Ji Yeon Kim ),도재화 ( Jae Hwa Tho ),서민환 ( Min Hwan Suh ),박종화 ( Chong Hwa Park ) 한국환경복원기술학회(구 한국환경복원녹화기술학회) 2012 한국환경복원기술학회지 Vol.15 No.6

Climate is generally accepted as one of the major determinants of plants distribution. Plants are sensitive to bioclimates, and local variations of climate determine habitats of plants. The purpose of this paper is to identify the factors affecting the distribution of narrow-range plants in South Korea using National Survey of Natural Environment data. We developed species distribution models for 6 plant species using climate, topographic and soil factors. All 6 plants were most sensitive to climatic factors but less other factors at national scale. Meliosma myriantha, Stewartia koreana and Eurya japonica, distributed at southern and coast region in Korea, were most sensitive to precipitation and temperature. Meliosma myriantha was mostly effected by annual precipitation and precipitation of driest quarter, Stewartia koreana was effected by annual precipitation and elevation, and Eurya japonica was affected by temperature seasonality and precipitation of driest quarter. On the other hand, Spiraea salicifolia, Rhododendron micranthum and Acer tegmentosum, distributed at central and northern inland in Korea, were most sensitive to temperature and elevation. Spiraea salicifolia was affected by mean temperature of coldest quarter and annual mean temperature, Rhododendron micranthum and Acer tegmentosum were affected by mean temperature of warmest quarter and elevation. We can apply this result to future plant habitat distribution under climate change.

영산도에 자생하는 멸종위기 야생생물 Ⅱ급 혹난초 신 분포지

윤영준 ( Yoon¸ Young-jun ),안진갑 ( Ahn¸ Jin-kap ),소순구 ( So¸ Soon-ku ),정진우 ( Jung¸ Jin-woo ),장래하 ( Jang¸ Rae-ha ),도재화 ( Tho¸ Jae-hwa ),문명옥 ( Moon¸ Myung-ok ) 한국도서(섬)학회 2021 韓國島嶼硏究 Vol.33 No.3

영산도는 전남 신안군 흑산면에 속하며 다도해해상국립공원과 신안-다도해 유네스코 생물권보전지역에 포함된다. 세계식물구계 구분에서 중일구계, 온대아구계, 한반도구에 속하며, 한반도 관속식물 분포상 후박나무, 구실잣밤나무, 붉가시나무 등 상록성 식물의 분포한계인 흑산도, 남해안 등 여러 섬이 포함된 남해안아구에 속한다. 현재까지 문헌조사를 통한 영산도에 자생하고 있는 환경부 지정 멸종위기 야생식물은 Ⅰ급 풍란과 Ⅱ급 석곡, 2분류군으로 나타났으나 본 연구를 통해 멸종위기 야생생물 Ⅱ급 혹난초가 자생하는 것으로 밝혀졌다. 섬 중앙부의 문암귀운과 얼굴바위 주변에서 총 4지점, 약 370개체군의 혹난초를 발견하였고, 착생기질과 주요 서식특성 분석을 통해 영산도 혹난초의 서식특성을 파악하였다. 더불어 영산도에 분포하는 멸종위기 야생식물에 대한 전수조사를 통해 기 알려진 풍란 1집단과 석곡 약 1000개체의 분포를 확인하였다. 영산도에 분포하고 있는 멸종위기 야생식물들은 대부분 인간의 접근이 불가능한 절벽사면 등에 분포하고 있어 인위적인 훼손위협은 낮은 것으로 판단되었다. 하지만 섬의 특성상 좁은 면적에 다수의 멸종위기 야생식물이 함께 분포하고 있어서 일부 식물의 자생지가 노출된다면 다수의 멸종위기 야생식물들이 불법적으로 훼손될 가능성이 있는 것으로 나타났으며, 방목염소에 의한 수목피해, 높아지는 귀화식물 점유율 등 환경훼손에 따른 위협은 지속적으로 증대하고 있는 것으로 판단되었다. 이에 따라 멸종위기 야생식물의 지속적인 관리와 모니터링, 섬 전체에 대한 특정도서, 생태경관보호구역 지정 등 정부 차원의 지속적인 관리를 포함한 현지 내· 외를 구분 짓지 않는 적극적인 보전 대책이 필요한 것으로 판단되었다. Yeongsando is an island located in Heuksan-meyon, Sinan-gun, Jeollanam-do, the Republic of Korea, and is part of UNESCO’ s Sinan Dadohae Biosphere Reserve. It belongs to the Sino-Japanese, Temperate Sub-region, the Korean Peninsula Floral Region, and the South Coast Plant Zone which includes islands on South Korea’ s south coast and Heuksan Island, where the evergreen (Machilus thunbergii, Castanopsis sieboldii, and Quercus acuta) distribution limit is according to the vascular plant distribution of the Korean Peninsula. Reviews of literature published to date revealed that Yeongsando’ s naturally growing endangered wild plants listed by the Ministry of Environment belong to two taxa: Neofinetia falcata (Class Ⅰ) and Dendrobium moniliforme (Class Ⅱ). During this study, an additional endangered wild plant Bulbophyllum inconspicum Maxim. (Class Ⅱ) was found. Approximately 370 B. inconspicum Maxim. individuals were found in four locations at the island’s center near Moonamgwiwoon and Face Rock. Their epiphytic disposition and major habitat traits were analyzed. Furthermore, through a complete enumeration of the endangered wild plants on Yeongsando, the distribution of approximately 1,000 individuals of N. falcata and D. moniliforme were confirmed. Endangered wild plants in Yeongsando inhabit cliff walls where the threat of artificial damage is low. Nevertheless, the island is occupied by numerous endangered wild plants in a small area, and the probability of loss of endangered wild plant exists once a partial habitat is exposed. Moreover, environmental threats, such as damage to trees caused by grazing goats and increased occupation of naturalized plants, were expected to continue to grow. Thereby, proactive preservation measures that manage and monitor endangered wild plants and do not differentiate internal/external local regions must be taken while being administered at the government level by designating the entire island as a specific island and an ecological landscape protection area.