한국판 감사 척도의 타당화

노지혜,이민규 한국임상심리학회 2012 Korean Journal of Clinical Psychology Vol.31 No.1

Adler and Fagley(2005) defined that ‘an appreciating something such as an event, a person, a behavior, and an object involves noticing and acknowledging its value and meaning and feeling a positive emotional connection to it’ and developed a multidimensional scale to measure it. The purpose of this study was to translate and adapt the Appreciation Scale to Korean culture. The results of exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis confirmed that the Korean version of the Appreciation Scale consisting of six factors, including 23 items, was appropriate to the data on Korean college students. Six factors were ‘Have focus’, ‘Ritual’, ‘Expression’, ‘Nature/Daily life’, ‘Downward comparison’, and ‘Loss/Adversity’. Korean version of the Appreciation Scale and its subscale showed good internal consistency and test-retest reliability, and they displayed convergent and discriminant validities via measurement of gratitude trait, optimism, hope, spirituality, appreciation of beauty, and excellence. These scales correlated with measure of life satisfaction and emotional well-being, Especially, appreciation significantly predicted to individual happiness even after the effects of social desirability, Big-Five personality, and individual's positive traits and states were statistically controlled. Conceptualizing gratitude and exploring components of gratitude would be valuable for understanding the nature of gratitude and its effects on well-being, and suggesting more effective psychological intervention in a diverse population.

국내 및 외국인 기관투자자가 한국기업의 장단기 의사결정 및 기업가치에 미치는 영향

노지혜,김동순 한국국제경영관리학회 2022 국제경영리뷰 Vol.26 No.2

We empirically examine whether Korean domestic and foreign institutional investors influence corporate decision-making in the long and short run, and the decision-making in turn affects firm value and corporate performance. In general, institutional investors are considered to have information advantage and can perform a corporate monitoring role. We divide domestic and foreign institutional investors into the two types, i.e., long- and short-term investors in terms of the investment horizon. We also categorize corporate decision-making into long- and short-term decision-making by considering the time lag for which it has an effect on firm value or corporate performance Long- and short-term domestic and foreign institutional investors are defined using both trading data and insider ownership data. Long-term domestic and foreign institutional investors have a significantly positive effect on R&D investment, which is a long-term decision-making variable. By contrast, long-term institutional investors have a significantly negative effect on short-term decision-making, i.e., retained earnings or retention ratio. Domestic and foreign institutional investors seem to prefer long-term corporate decision-making by conducting investment activities for the purpose of portfolio diversification, and there was no significant difference in the impact on corporate decision-making between domestic and foreign institutional investors. We further look into the effect of corporate decision-making on firm value and corporate performance. R&D investment, which is a long-term corporate decision-making process, has a significantly positive effect on Tobin's Q, a proxy for long-term firm value. However, the retention ratio, proxy for the short-term decision-making, has a significantly negative effect on Tobin's Q. We can conclude that domestic and foreign institutional investors alike influence long- and short-term decision-making of Korean firms. In addition, it was found that the decision-making influenced by investors in turn can affect the long-term firm value and short-term performance of Korean firm. In particular, foreign institutions with long-term investment horizon significantly and positively affect firm value. So the study results imply that Korean firms should increase firm value by enhancing the corporate governance structure, and attract long-term foreign and domestic institutional investors. 본 연구는 국내 및 외국인 기관투자자가 한국기업의 의사결정에 미치는 영향과 그 의사결정이 기업의 가치 및 성과에 미치는 영향을 함께 분석한다. 일반적으로 기관투자자는 정보우위를 가지고 기업 경영에 대한 모니터링 역할을 수행함으로써 기업의 의사결정과 성과에 영향을 미칠 것으로 기대된다. 기업의 의사결정이 기업의 성과 또는 기업가치에 영향을 미치는 기간을 고려하여 장기 및 단기 의사결정으로 구분하고, 국내 및 외국인 기관투자자도 순매수 거래량과 소유지분율 정보를 모두 이용하고 장기 및 단기 투자자로 구분하여 분석한 결과, 장기 투자를 하는 국내 및 외국인 기관투자자는 기업의 장기 의사결정 변수인 R&D 투자에 유의한 양(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으며, 단기 의사결정 변수인 내보유보율에는 유의한 음(-)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 이에 따라 국내 및 외국인 기관투자자는 포트폴리오 다각화 및 분산투자를 목적으로 투자활동을 수행하여 기업의 장기 의사결정에 영향을 미치며, 국내 및 외국인 기관투자자간에 기업 의사결정에 미치는 영향은 큰 차이가 나타나지 않았다. 또한, R&D 투자는 기업가치 변수인 Tobin’s Q에 유의한 양(+)의 영향을 미치며, 단기 의사결정인 내보유보율은 Tobin’s Q에 유의한 음(-)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 결론적으로 국내 및 외국인 기관투자자가 기업의 장단기 의사결정에 영향을 미치며, 또한 이들 투자자 그룹의 영향을 받는 기업의 의사결정은 기업의 장기가치 및 단기성과에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 이에 따라, 한국 기업들은 향후 지배구조 등을 더욱 개선함으로써 국내 및 외국인 기관투자자, 특히 장기 기관투자자를 유인하고 기업가치를 제고할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

한국주식시장에서의 투자전략: 8가지 요인을 고려한 전통적 요인 투자전략과 스마트베타 투자전략의 비교

노지혜,김동순,김현도 대한경영학회 2023 大韓經營學會誌 Vol.36 No.1

본 연구는 선행연구들을 토대로 주요 투자요인들로서 가치, 규모, 수익성, 투자, 모멘텀, 저베타, 퀄리티, 비유동성 등의 8가지 요인을 선정하고, 전통적 요인투자전략과 스마트베타 투자전략 구성방법을 이용하여16가지의 투자전략을 비교분석하였다. 1995년부터 2020년까지 장기의 연구기간을 통해 시장의 변동성이높았던 외환위기와 글로벌 금융위기, COVID-19 사태 등이 포함되었다. 투자요인들은 시장상황에 영향을 받을수 있으므로 변동성 기간을 따로 세분화하여 한국주식시장에서의 투자전략 성과를 비교분석하였다. 주요 실증분석 결과들은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 시장의 위기에서도 시장 및 벤치마크 지수에 비해 더 나은성과를 달성할 수 있는 수익성, 투자, 비유동성 등의 주요 요인들이 존재함을 확인하였다. 둘째, 8가지 요인들로전통적 요인투자전략과 스마트베타 투자전략의 두 가지 전략을 구분하였으나, 위의 주요 요인 투자전략들의계수 값의 차이는 미미하였다. 따라서 시장상황이나 투자전략 구성방법에 큰 영향을 받지 않고 성과를 달성하는주요한 투자요인들이 존재함을 확인하였다. 셋째, 한국시장에 적합한 포트폴리오 구성 측면에서 수익성, 투자, 비유동성을 결합하여 구성한 다요인 스마트베타 투자전략은 시장 및 벤치마크 지수에 비해 위험 또는 수익률측면에서 더 나은 성과를 보였고, 경제적 유용성 검증을 통해 성과의 유의성도 확인하였다. 넷째, 이러한 우수한성과는 주식선별(stock selection) 효과에 주로 기인하는 것으로 나타났다. 결론적으로 시장상황과 변동성에따라 위 세 가지 요인 외에 여러 다양한 요인을 선별하고 결합하여 한국시장에 적합한 투자전략 및 다요인스마트베타 전략을 구성할 수 있는 가능성이 있음을 시사한다.

일반적 음식갈망-특질 척도(G-FCQ-T)의 타당화

노지혜,김지혜,남희정,임미래,이동수,홍경수 한국임상심리학회 2008 Korean Journal of Clinical Psychology Vol.27 No.4

Food craving is an ‘intense desire to eat’ that can explain the difficulty experienced by many people who try to restrain from eating. The purpose of this study was to test the psychometric properties of the Korean version of the General Food Cravings Questionnaire-Trait (G-FCQ-T, Nijs, Franken, & Muris, 2007). It was developed to estimate the cravings for various types of food experienced by diverse clinical groups and everyday people. A total of 168 healthy undergraduate students and community participants completed the G-FCQ-T. The Cronbach's alpha for total score was .875 and ranged between .705 and .850 for the various subscales. Test-retest reliability was .85 for the total score and between .61 and .86 for the subscales. In the convergent and discriminant validation, the G-FCQ-T was correlated with scales concerning overeating and binge eating, but weakly or not related with dietary restraint scales. Consistent with the previous studies, factor analysis revealed four factors: preoccupation with food, loss of control, positive outcome expectancy, and emotional craving. These results indicated that the Korean version of the G-FCQ-T is a reliable tool for measuring trait-like food cravings. In addition, the results indicated that food craving is conceptualized as the multidimensional motivation in relation to cognitive and emotional processing.

나는 왜 감사해야 하는가?: 스트레스 상황에서 감사가 안녕감에 미치는 영향

노지혜,이민규 한국임상심리학회 2011 Korean Journal of Clinical Psychology Vol.30 No.1

본 연구에서는 감사가 안녕감에 미치는 영향과 감사의 스트레스 완충 기능을 알아보았다. 연구 1에서는 우선 감사특질과 인지적․정서적 안녕감 및 심리적 자원들(자기존중감과 일반적 자기효능감, 낙관성, 그리고 지각된 사회적지지)과의 관련성을 확인한 후, 참여자들이 보고한 생활 스트레스의 평균점수로 집단을 나누었을 때, 저-스트레스 집단보다 고-스트레스 집단에서 감사특질과 안녕감의 정적 상관이 더욱 뚜렷해짐을 확인함으로써, 감사가 스트레스 저항력을 높일 수 있음을 검증하였다. 연구 2에서는 감사의 효과를 확증하기 위해, 감사 기분을 실험적으로 조작하였다. 일주일동안 매일 주변 사람들과 세상이나 환경, 그리고 자기 자신에게 감사할 수 있는 것들을 찾아 쓰도록 한 실험집단과 단순히 그날의 경험을 쓰도록 한 통제집단을 비교한 결과, 감사일지집단이 경험일지집단에 비해 인지적 안녕감과 자기존중감 및 낙관성이 높았으며 처치 기간 동안 부적 기분을 적게 경험한 것으로 밝혀졌다. 본 연구는 감사가 안녕감에 미치는 긍정적인 영향을 확인하고 그 과정을 설명하였으며, 의도적일지라도 감사할 수 있는 것들에 초점을 두는 것이 행복한 삶을 이끌고 유지할 수 있는 효과적인 방법임을 제안하였다.

Factor Structure of the Neurocognitive Tests: An Application of the Confirmative Factor Analysis in Stabilized Schizophrenia Patients

노지혜,김지혜,홍경수,김나라,남희정,이동수,윤세창 대한의학회 2010 Journal of Korean medical science Vol.25 No.2

The purpose of the present study was to identify the factor structure of neurocognitive tests used on schizophrenia patients by using the confirmative factor analysis,and to assess the factor score differences of schizophrenia patients and healthy controls. Comprehensive neurocognitive tests were administered to stabilized schizophrenia patients (N=114) and healthy controls (N=120). In the results of factor analyses on patients, the multifactorial-6-factor model, which included the speed of processing,working memory, verbal learning and memory, visual learning and memory, attention/vigilance, and reasoning/problem solving as suggested by the Measurement and Treatment Research to Improve Cognition in Schizophrenia (MATRICS), showed the better goodness of fit than any of the other models tested. And assessing the group differences of factor scores, we found the patients performed worse than the controls in all factors, but the result showed meaningful variations of impairments across the cognitive factors. Our study identifies the six major domains with multifactorial structure of cognitive abilities in schizophrenia patients and confirms the distinctive impairment patterns of each cognitive domain. These results may have utility in better understanding the pathology of schizophrenia as well as in genetic studies.

Sunitinib 투약 환자의 용량감량 및 중단 사유 분석

노지혜,강래영,이용화,이혜숙,김향숙,이주연 한국병원약사회 2013 병원약사회지 Vol.30 No.3

Sunitinib, an oral multi-targeted kinase inhibitor, is used as a primary treatment agent in patients with metastatic or recurrent renal cell carcinoma. High incidence of sunitinib adverse drug reactions was reported in Asian patients. The objective of this study was to identify and characterize the reason for dose reduction or discontinuation of the sunitinib treatment. We, retrospectively, collected the data from patients who received sunitinib from March 2007 to August 2011. A total of 171 patients were included in this study. Among them, 77 patients (45.0%) required dosage reduction of sunitinib. 59 patients (34.5%) discontinued sunitinib immediately without dosage reduction. Of all patients who required dosage reduction, 37 patients (48.1%) continued with sunitinib. Dosage reduction or discontinuation due to adverse effects was observed in 96 of 171 patients (56.1%). The type of adverse effects, which required dosage modification, was as follows : intolerance (30.2%), hematologic toxicity (13.5%), dermatologic toxicity (11.5%), gas-trointestinal toxicity (11.5%), hypertension (8.3%), bleeding (7.0%) and others. Dosage reduction or discontinuation due to adverse events was significantly more common in patients who were female, old and known to have brain metastasis. In conclusion, this study confirmed that the incidence of dose reduction or discontinuation of sunitinib due to adverse events is high in Korean patients. The main type of adverse effect that required dosage modification is intolerance, hematologic toxicity, and skin toxicity. Women, old age and patients with brain metastasis are more susceptible to sunitinib adverse effect. This information might be helpful for pharmacists to counsel patients receiving sunitinib and to improve their medication adherence.

수치심과 죄책감의 뇌 활성화

노지혜,석지우,박찬아,정재준 한국감성과학회 2016 추계학술대회 Vol.2016 No.-

생체신호를 이용한 정서 판별

노지혜,박혜준,양실비아,손진훈 한국감성과학회 2011 춘계학술대회 Vol.2011 No.-

담즙산과 대사질환

노지혜,윤정현 한국임상약학회 2018 한국임상약학회지 Vol.28 No.4

Bile acids are major constituents of bile and known to help absorb dietary fat and fat-soluble vitamins in the gastrointestinal tract. In the past few decades, many studies have shown that bile acids not only play a role in fat digestion but also function as broadrange of signal transduction hormones by binding to various receptors present in cell membranes or nuclei. Bile acid receptors aredistributed in a wide range of organs and tissues in the human body. They perform multitudes of physiological functions withcomplex mechanisms. When bile acids bind to their receptors, they regulate fat and glucose metabolism in a tissue-specific way. In addition, bile acids are shown to inhibit inflammation and fibrosis in the liver. Considering the roles of bile acids as metabolicregulators, bile acids and their receptors can be very attractive targets in treating metabolic disorders. In the future, if roles of bileacids and their receptors are further clarified, they will be the novel target of drugs in the treatment of various metabolic diseases.