학술발표 : 산모와 신생아 혈청의 전해질 및 철분함량에 관하여

노윤숙,우상규,전세열 한국영양학회 1982 총회 및 학술대회 Vol.- No.17

자유학기제 운영을 위한 한문과 수업연구

노윤숙 한국한문고전학회 2017 漢文古典硏究 Vol.35 No.1

The purpose of this study was to examine the management status of free semester program and classical Chinese class which have been fully implemented since 2016 and to investigate the direction of classical Chinese lessons. The free semester program was promoted as part of the change of middle school education which pursued its learner happiness and attempted the class innovation centered on the experience·convergence through the curriculum reconstruction. Accordingly, this study was to find out the management status of classical Chinese class in each school according to the operation of free semester program focusing on 2016. Most of schools implemented the free semester program at the second semester of first grade, and the class of free semester program was operated as subject class and free activity program. The classical Chinese class has low participation ratio of free-semester activity, but it is caused by the low operation time from the elective subject-based curriculum and as various programs are not developed yet in the initial stage of operating the free semester program. Under the situation of unit school in spite of participating in the free activity, it is operated as program related to the classical Chinese class or as activity which is irrelevant to the classical Chinese class. In such situations, this study was to establish the direction of classical Chinese lessons as convergence class through the education community. The classical Chinese class emphasized the 'culture' domain further in 2009 revised national curriculum, but this study was to suggest the convergence class and convergence class to link the local community by topic between subjects in order to realize the personality education and community education, etc. through the culture domain. The convergence class and experience learning was suggested as concrete teaching-learning method in 2015 revised national curriculum of classical Chinese class. Hereby, this study was to suggest the linkage method between the schools and communities focused on the role of education community. The convergence class is possible by the curriculum reconstruction because the free semester program is free of its evaluation. The classical Chinese class can be helpful in terms of middle school students' personality education, classical education and cultural education through the convergence class with other subjects. The classical Chinese class by the experiential learning in connection with the local community can forward to the community education by confirming the homogeneity in the region I live in. In addition, the class by using the local facilities can raise its homogeneity of the region I live in. By utilizing a variety of education community for such subject, school and region, etc., the convergence and experiential learning through the curriculum reconstruction can achieve its goal of classical Chinese class and enhance the awareness of local community. The classical Chinese education of free semester program has to flow from the enhancement of subject competency and community competency. However, it needs to solve the problems like reduction of teacher's work, economic support and formation of sympathy, etc. in order to be realistically operated. In addition, it needs to secure the subject time over regular part because it is in a situation that there is not much operation time as the classical Chinese class is elective subject. To conclude, this researcher is considered as it requires the data and research for the operation further as the present free semester program is in force and enlarging. In addition, it needs to proceeds with the teaching cases of classical Chinese class and experience-centered convergence, and specific research like its class guidance plan, etc. 본고에서는 2016년부터 전면적으로 시행되고 있는 자유학기제와 한문과의 운영상황을 살펴보고 한문과 수업의 방향을 연구하였다. 자유학기제는 행복교육을 추구하는 중학교 교육의 변화의 일환으로 추진되고 있으며, 교육과정 재구성을 통한 체험·융합 중심으로 수업의 혁신을 꾀하고 있다. 이에 자유학기제 운영에 따른 각 학교 한문과의 운영 상황을 2016년을 중심으로 임의 추출하여 살펴보았다. 대다수 학교에서 1학년 2학기에 자유학기제를 시행하고 있으며, 자유학기제 수업은 교과수업과 자유활동 프로그램으로 운영되고 있다. 한문과는 자유학기 활동 참여 비율이 낮은데 교육과정에서 선택교과로 적은 운영시수, 자유학기제 운영 초기 다양한 프로그램이 아직 개발되지 않은 것 등이 원인일 것이다. 자유 활동에 참여하더라도 단위학교의 상황에 따라 한문과와 관련이 있는 프로그램으로 운영이 되기도 하지만 관련이 없는 활동으로 운영되기도 하였다. 이러한 상황 속에서 한문과 수업의 방향을 교육공동체를 통한 융합수업으로 설정하였다. 한문과는 2009개정 교육과정에서 ‘문화’영역이 더욱 강조되었는데 문화영역을 통한 인성교육, 공동체교육 등의 실현을 위해 교과 간 주제별 융합수업, 지역공동체 연계 융합수업으로 제시하였다. 융합수업과 체험학습은 한문과 2015개정 교육과정에서도 구체적 교수·학습 방법으로 제시되고 있다. 여기에 교육공동체의 역할을 강조하여 학교, 지역사회 간의 연계의 방법을 제시하였다. 자유학기제는 평가로부터 자유롭게 때문에 교과 재구성을 통한 융합수업이 가능하다. 한문과는 타 교과와의 융합수업을 통하여 중학교 학생들의 인성교육, 고전교육, 문화교육의 측면에서 도움을 줄 수 있다. 지역공동체와 연계된 체험학습을 통해 한문과는 내가 살고 있는 지역 내의 동질성을 확인하여 공동체 교육으로 나아갈 수 있으며, 지역 시설을 활용한 수업은 내가 살고 있는 지역에 대한 실질적인 관심을 높일 수 있다. 이러한 교과, 학교, 지역 등의 다양한 교육공동체를 활용하고 교과 재구성을 통한 융합, 체험학습은 한문과 목표를 이루며 지역공동체 의식을 강화시킬 수 있다. 자유학기제의 한문과 교육은 교과역량강화, 공동체역량을 강화하는 방향으로 진행되어야 할 것이다. 다만 현실적으로 운영되기 위해서는 교사업무 경감, 경제적 지원, 공감대 형성 등의 문제가 해결되어야 한다. 또 한문과가 선택교과로 운영시수가 많지 않은 상황이라 일정부분 이상의 교과시수 확보가 필요하다. 현재 자유학기제가 시행 중이며 확대되고 있는 만큼 운영에 관한 자료와 연구가 더 필요할 것이며, 한문과 체험 중심의 융합 수업 사례와 이에 대한 수업지도안 등의 구체적인 연구 또한 진행 되어야 할 것이다.

가와사끼병에서 정맥용 면역 글로불린 재투여에 대한 임상 고찰

노윤숙,차성호,조병수 대한소아청소년과학회 2000 Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics (CEP) Vol.43 No.2

Purpose : Systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE) is a disease of immunologic origin, affecting multiple organs including joints, skin, kidneys, nervous system, heart and blood, with rare involvement of gut and liver. The incidence of renal disease in children with SLE was approximately 70 percent and tended to be more severe than in adults. Accordingly we have retrospectively studied on the prognostic indicators. Methods : We investigated clinical manifestations, laboratory findings and renal biopsy findings of 14 cases of childhood lupus nephritis. Results : A review of the clinical and pathological findings revealed as follows : male to female ratio was 1 : 6, immunologic laboratory findings showed, positive rates of anti-ds DNA antibody which was 57%, FANA 85%. The incidence of decreased C3 and C4 was 57%. The most common clinical features were fever(92%) and malar rash(21%). Renal biopsies were performed with the following results. There were 3 cases of mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis, 1 case of focal and segmental proliferative glomerulonephritis, 9 cases of diffuse proliferative glomerulonephritis, and 1 of membranous glomerulonephritis. During the follow-up period, 3 patients with diffuse proliferative glomerulonephritis expired due to renal failure and pulmonary edema. Conclusion : When lupus nephritis is suspected, renal biopsy, tests for antinuclear antibody (ANA) and anti-ds-DNA, and complement profile should be performed. Early diagnosis and proper treatment can prevent rapid deterioration of renal function and improve long-term survival. Renal biopsy in lupus nephritis is of considerable value to both choice of therapy and predicting prognosis. 목 적 : SLE는 교원병의 대표적 질환으로 여러 장기에 병변을 초래하는데 이 중에서 SLE에 의한 LN은 SLE 예후와 사망률을 좌우하는 중요한 요인 중의 하나이다. 그러므로 SLE 환아 중 LN을 초래한 소아 환아들을 대상으로 임상적 및 병리적 고찰을 실시하여 이 질환의 경과를 이해하고 임상적 소견과 병리적 소견을 비교하여 예후를 이해함으로서 향후 치료 개선에 도움을 얻고자 본 연구를 실시하였다. 방 법 : 1990년 3월부터 1998년 12월까지 경희대학교병원 소아과에 입원하여 LN으로 진단받고 치료받은 14명의 환아를 대상으로 이들의 임상기록과 병리소견을 후향적으로 조사 분석하였다.결 과 : LN으로 진단받은 환아 14명을 대상으로 임상적 및 병리적 고찰을 시행하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다.1) 성별은 남아 2례, 여아 12례로 성별비는 남 : 여=1 : 6으로 여아에서 주로 호발하였다. 2) 연령은 10세 이하가 7례, 11-20세가 7례이었다.3) 내원시 다양한 임상 증상을 보였고 신장 소견 외에 발열(13)례, 쇠약감(7)례, 체중감소(7)례 등 비특이적인 증상들과 나비 모양의 홍반(3)례, 경련(1)례, 심막염(1례), 특발성 자반성 혈소판 감소증(1)례, 대퇴골의 무혈성 골괴사(1)례, 장티푸스(1)례가 있었다. 4) 임상검사 소견상 14례의 환아 중 FANA 양성은 11례(78%)로 LE 세포 검사보다 예민하였고 anti- ds-DNA 상승은 12례(85%), 보체 저하는 10례(71%)이었다. 14명 전부 소변검사에 이상(단백뇨, 혈뇨)를 보였고 빈혈 11례(76%), 혈소판 감소증 11례(76%), 적혈구 침강 속도 증가 12례(85%), 매독혈청반응 위양성이 1례(7%), Coombs test 양성 2례(14%)였다.5) 경피신생검 결과 미만성 증식형이 9례(64%), 메산지움 증식형이 3례(21%), 국소성 분절성 증식형이 1례(7%), 막형이 1례(7%)였다.6) 경과상 사망례는 3례(21%)로 주된 사망 원인은 신부전증이었다.

형질전환된 식물세포에서 고정화 방법을 통한 hCM-CSF의 생산성 증대 연구

노윤숙(Yun-Sook Noh),남형진(Hyung-Jin Nam),최홍열(Hong-Yeol Choi),탁사라(Sa-Ra Tak),김동일(Dong-Il Kim) 한국생물공학회 2015 KSBB Journal Vol.30 No.2

Plant cell immobilization can protect plant cells from shear forces and increase the stability of gene. An additional advantage of immobilization is the easiness for performing continuous culture with cell recycling. Therefore plant cell immobilization can overcome the limitations of plant cell applications. In addition, target protein should be selected from pharmaceutical proteins to get rid of low expression level problem. The enhanced production of human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (hGMCSF) was investigated in immobilized Nicotiana tabacum suspension cell cultures. When the cells were immobilized in polyurethane foam, specific production of hGM-CSF was higher than that in alginate bead immobilization. Optimum continuous culture condition was the addition of 60 g/L sucrose in growth media with exchanging media every 6 day. Under the same condition, specific hGM-CSF production was 7 times higher in a 500-mL spinner flask than that in 100-mL Erlenmeyer flasks. Therefore, development of an effective immobilization process would be possible when the advantage of easy cell recycling was used. Consequently, enhanced production of target proteins could be possible in immobilized continuous cultures when the advantages of immobilization were applied.

성호(星湖) 이익(李瀷)의 만시(挽詩)와 교류시(交流詩)에 드러난 의식(意識)의 일고찰(一考察)

노윤숙 ( Rho Yun-sook ) 한국한문고전학회(구 성신한문학회) 2021 漢文古典硏究 Vol.42 No.1

星湖 李瀷(1681~1763)은 조선후기 문화의 절정기인 18세기를 살면서 전통을 계승하면서도 변화의 조짐을 읽고 새로운 시대를 열기 위한 학문 탐구에 일생을 바친 남인 실학파의 중심인물이다. 그는 재야 학자로서 많은 글을 남겼으며 그의 작품에는 선비로서의 의식, 시대에 대한 고민과 사상이 반영되어 있다. 이익은 평생 동안 학자로서 다양한 호기심과 학문적 열정을 바탕으로 활동하였으며 그의 시문과 논저를 모아 발행한 『星湖全集』은 이익 사상의 집대성이라 할 수 있다. 이중 挽詩와 交流詩를 중심으로 그의 시적 면모를 살펴보았다. 『星湖全集』에 수록되어 있는 이익의 만시는 전체 시의 약 20%가 넘을 정도로 양이 많다. 만시는 죽음에 대한 시로 죽음 앞에서 고인의 일생을 압축적으로 보여주게 되는데 남다르게 많은 양의 만시를 지어 주었다는 점에서 그 의미가 주목된다. 이익은 만시에서 그가 교류하는 인물에 대한 구체적이고 다양한 표현을 통하여 고인의 삶을 보여주었고 특히 알려져 있지 않은 인물들의 삶을 발견해주었다. 그는 철학자로서 죽음을 단지 슬픔으로만 보지 않는 시각을 가지고 있었고 뛰어난 재능이 있음에도 뜻을 펴지 못했던 인물들이 세상에 드러나지 못하는 것을 안타까워하였다. 만시를 통해 진정한 선비(眞儒)의 삶을 밝혀 드러내고자 하였기 때문에 많은 만시를 쓸 수 있었던 것이며, 이것은 이익 스스로 학자로서 선비 의식을 실천하는 다짐의 과정이었다. 이익의 만시에 드러나는 고인의 학자적 경향과 더불어 신선의 세계를 추구하는 儒仙의 면모를 지향하는 의식 세계를 엿볼 수 있었다. 유자이면서도 신선과 같은 맑고 깨끗한 인품을 가진 이들의 삶을 드러내 보여줌으로써 이익의 인생과 그가 추구하는 삶의 단면을 볼 수 있다. 이익의 교류시에서는 대상 인물과의 관계를 통해 그의 폭넓고 다양한 인간 관계를 찾아볼 수 있으며 이를 통해 그가 추구하는 인간상, 그의 삶의 방향을 살펴보고 시를 통해 나타나는 의식과 시적 감성을 고찰해 볼 수 있었다. 임지로 떠나는 이들에게 주는 시에는 이별의 마음과 더불어 관리로서의 역할을 당부하며 현실을 파악하는 그의 인식, 이에 대한 개선을 당부하는 선비 의식과 백성을 걱정하는 애민 정신을 볼 수 있다. 이를 통해 조선 후기를 살아가는 재야 학자로서의 고민과 포부, 노력을 볼 수 있었다. 다음으로 교류시 중 인간 이익의 모습이 드러나는 그리움의 감성이 담긴 작품을 중심으로 살펴보았다. 그의 시에 나타나는 감성은 담박하면서도 고아한 풍취를 드러내며 인간 이익의 시적 면모를 더욱 돋보이게 하고 있다. 회화적인 흥취로 그림을 그리듯이 표현하면서도 절제된 시적 감성을 보여주는 특징을 가지고 있다. 본고에서는 이익의 만시와 교류시를 중심으로 시세계의 특징과 다양한 면모들을 밝히고자 하였으며 이를 통해 17세기 후반 재야 학자로 삶을 살아간 이익의 감성과 시적 면모를 살펴볼 수 있었다. This study aimed to clarify the characteristics displayed in the condolatory poems and exchanged poems of Seongho Yi Ik (1681-1763). A central figure of the Namin Silhak (Korean pragmatic philosophy) school, Seongho Yi Ik lived the 18th century, the prime time of the late Chosun Dynasty culture, while inheriting the tradition but also reading the signs of changes and dedicating his whole life to academic exploration for opening a new age. He left behind many texts as an out-of-office scholar, and his works reflect the consciousness as a classical scholar and the concerns and thought on the era. Yi Ik has worked as a lifelong scholar based on his diverse curiosities and academic passion, and The Complete Works of Seongho (Seonghojeonjip) published with a collection of his poetry, prose, and written books could be called a definitive compilation of the Yi Ik thought. Among those, his poetic aspects were examined with a focus on condolatory poems and exchanged poems. In The Complete Works of Seongho, numerous Chinese poems, encompassing 631 titles and 1178 pieces, remain, and these confirm that he expressed his emotions and shared his mind with others through such poems. A great deal of existing studies primarily discussed the thought and philosophy of Yi Ik, but this study looked into another aspect differing from the existing image of Yi Ik by resorting to the expression of emotions through poems. His broad and varied personal relationships can be found in the condolatory poems and poems of relational exchanges that particularly occupy a large number among his poems; this was used to examine the human character he pursued and his life direction and to consider the consciousness and poetic sensitivity shown across the poems. The condolatory poems of Yi Ik included in The Complete Works of Seongho are copious enough to exceed 20% of the entire poetry. As poems about death, condolatory poems portray the lifetime of the deceased before death in a compressive manner, and the fact that he composed an unusually high number of condolatory poems holds a notable significance. In these poems, Yi Ik exhibited the life of the deceased through concrete and various expressions about the individual he was exchanging with and especially discovered the lives of unknown individuals. As a philosopher, he possessed a perspective that did not merely view death as sadness and lamented over how individuals, who could not achieve their will despite having remarkable talent, failed to stand out in the world. Yi Ik could write so many condolatory poems because he sought to reveal the life of a true classical scholar through them, and this was the process of his determination to practice scholarly spirit as a learned man himself. Along with conveying the academic tendencies of the deceased, the condolatory poems of Yi Ik offered a glimpse into the conscious realm of seeking aspects of a Taoist-like Confucianist scholar who is pursuing the world of a Taoist hermit with miraculous powers. By presenting the lives of those who are Confucianists, and concurrently, have a clear and pure character like a mystic Taoist hermit, the poems demonstrate the life of Yi Ik and a single phase of the life he desired to follow. Meanwhile, in the exchanged poems of Yi Ik, a wide variety of personal relationships can be identified through the relations with subject individuals, which allowed an examination of the human character he pursued and the directions of his life, as well as a contemplation of the consciousness and poetic sensitivity indicated by the poems. The poems given to those who are leaving to their posts reveal a heart of parting, in addition to his awareness of grasping the reality with a request to fulfill the role as a government official, the scholarly spirit of pleading improvement of life, and the affection for the people that keeps him worried over them. These illustrate the concerns, aspirations, and efforts of an out-of-office scholar living through the late Chosun Dynasty. Next, works embodying a sentiment of yearning with a portrayal of the human side of Yi Ik were centrally examined. The sensitivity displayed in his poems manifests a candid yet quaint elegance and further accentuates the poetic aspect of human Yi Ik. His poetry has the characteristic of expressing like painting with a picturesque pleasure, all the while rendering a restrained poetic sensitivity. This study attempted to unveil the characteristics of the poetry world and various aspects around the condolatory poems and exchanged poems of Yi Ik, and through this, it could examine the sensitivity and poetic dimensions of Yi Ik who lived life as an out-of-office scholar in the late 17th century.

Long - term Follow - up of Shunt Nephritis

윤경림,노윤숙,차성호,조병수,양문호 대한신장학회 1998 춘계학술대회 초록집 Vol.1998 No.-

그림자료와 문자자료를 활용한 쓰기 활동이 영어 쓰기 능력 및 오류 개선에 미치는 영향 : 고등학교 2학년 학습자들을 중심으로

김은주,노윤숙 이화여자대학교 사범대학 교과교육연구소 2004 교과교육학연구 Vol.7 No.3

The effect of learning can be dependent on types of learning materials. Considering this, this study investigates the effects of writing instruction using picturers and written materials on students' English writing skills and revising students' errors. For this study, an experiment was conducted for eight weeks with 16 second-year high school students who were divided into two group. One group were provided with pictures and the other group was given written materials as writing activities. All the students were asked to participate in comparison-contrast, descriptive and narrative writing. The main results obtained from this study are follows. First, students who use pictures as writing materials and those who use written materials can improve their writing skills. Especially lower level students who use pictures can enhance their writing skills gradually in terms of organization, content, and language use with the continual interests in their study. Moreover, those who use written materials feel more comfortable in writing classes. Second, in terms of organization, content, and language use, both groups have few differences in the order of errors' frequency but the degree of errors' improvement was a little different. Picture group students improved many addition errors and written materials group enhanced omission errors a lot. Besides, pictures are useful to improve addition errors and learning vocabularies. Written materials are good for improving omission errors and errors about systematic organization. Third, considering students' learning attitude towards writing classes using pictures and written materials, pictures are useful to write very variously and originally. Written materials group use provided written materials very actively. Especially lower level students of pictures group feel interested in understanding the contents of pictures and more motivated in their studying. As the above study's results suggest, writing activities such as using pictures or written materials can have positive effects on promoting English writing skills. Therefore, when teachers teach writing skills to students, diverse and effective activities will be provided to improve English writing skills.

제지 폐수의 질소·인산 동시 제거를 위한 생물학적 처리기술 개발

권기석,노윤숙 안동대학교 환경연구소 2001 환경연구 Vol.1 No.-

주변에서 원유로 오염된 토양과 난분해성 화합물을 포함하고 있는 폐수 등에서 균주를 분리하여 40여종의 분해균주 중 가장 분해력이 우수한 분해균주 4종을 LB(Luria Bertani)배지로 최종분리하였다. 자연계의 균원 시료로부터 분리된 균주 중 점성을 갖는 균주를 선별하여 그 중 표준 점토광물인 kaolin clay에 대한 응집활성이 뛰어난 34종류이 균주를 선택하였으며, 폐수 내에서 응집활성이 높은 응집균주 4종을 최종 분리하였다. 균주 #46(Bacillus circulans), O24(Pseudomonas sp.)2종을 제외한 나머지 균주들의 동정결과는 #24T3, #24P3, #24B3는 Bacillus sp.로 동정되었고 #81, #152, 29은 미동정 되었다. 분해균주의 경우 TOC가 84%, T-N이 98%, T-P가 68%의 처리효율을 보였다. 응집균주의 경우 TOC가 80%, T-N 98%, T-P가 71%의 처리효율을 보였다. 분해+응집균주가 microcosom을 형성한 경우 TOC가 85%, T-N의 경우 98%이상, T-P의 경우 70%을 동시에 처리할 수 있다. From the enrichment culture, 40 strains were isolated, Among them, four strains were screend as having significant biodegradation activity of crude oil and toxic compounds containing wastewater. Also, for the screening of the microorganims, 34 bacterial strains were selected. Among them, four strains were screened as producing the most excellent flocculating material. The strains were identified that 46 was Bacillus circulates, 024 was Pseudomonas sp., 24T3, 24B3, 24P3 were identified Bacillus sp., respectively, And 81, 151, 29 were non-identification. The optimum cultural conditions were as follows; Bioflocculant producing strains : Glucose 20.0g, NH_(4)NO_(3) 2.0g, K_(2)HPO_(4) 0.8g, KH_(2)PO_(4) 0.6g, MgSO_(4)·7H_(2)O 0.05g, MnSO_(4)·4H_(2)O 0.05g, Soytone 0.lg, Tryptone 0.lg Yeast extract 0.lg, CaCO_(3) 0.3g in 1 liter of distilled water, 30℃ for temperature and pH 7.0. Biodegrade strains : LB(Luria Bertani) medium, 30℃ for temperature and pH 6.8∼7.5. The removal rates of total nitrogen and total phosphate by bioflocculant producing strains against pulp wastewater were T-N 98% and T-P 71%, respectively. In the case of biodegrade strains shown that the removal rates were T-N 98% and T-P 68%, respectively. In the case of mixed biodegrade strains and bioflocculant producing strains shown that the removal rates were T-N 99% and T-P 76%, respectively. The strains will be apply simultaneously T-N 98% and T-P 70% from pulp waserwater.

In Situ Investigation of Deformation Mechanisms in Magnesium-Based Metal Matrix Composites

Gergely Farkas,최희만,Kristián Máthis,Zoltán Száraz,노윤숙,Zuzanka Trojanová,Peter Minárik 대한금속·재료학회 2015 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.21 No.4

We studied the effect of short fibers on the mechanical properties of a magnesium alloy. In particular, deformation mechanisms in a Mg-Al-Sr alloy reinforced with short alumina fibers were studied in situ using neutron diffraction and acoustic emission methods. The fibers’ plane orientation with respect to the loading axis was found to be a key parameter, which influences the acting deformation processes, such as twinning or dislocation slip. Furthermore, the twinning activity was much more significant in samples with parallel fiber plane orientation, which was confirmed by both acoustic emission and electron backscattering diffraction results. Neutron diffraction was also used to assist in analyzing the acoustic emission and electron backscattering diffraction results. The simultaneous application of the two in situ methods, neutron diffraction and acoustic emission, was found to be beneficial for obtaining complementary datasets about the twinning and dislocation slip in the magnesium alloys and composites used in this study.