사용자 맞춤형 가상현실 여행가이드 시스템 디자인에 관한 연구

김수화,김민영,곽은주,박경신,조용주,Kim, Su-Hwa,Kim, Min-Young,Kwak, Eun-Joo,Park, Kyoung-Shin,Cho, Yong-Joo 한국정보통신학회 2008 한국정보통신학회논문지 Vol.12 No.1

본 논문에서는 사용자 맞춤형 여행가이드 서비스 기능을 포함하는 몽생미셸 가상현실 시스템에 대해 설명한다. 이 시스템은 사용자로 하여금 가상 여행지나 문화유적 등을 다닐 수 있도록 해주고, 사용자들이 관심을 많이 보였던 아이템 등에 대해 좀 더 많은 정보를 얻을 수 있도록 해준다. 또한 가상체험 중에 찍은 사진들과 데이터 베이스로부터 받은 정보들을 바탕으로 본인의 취향에 맞는 사용자 맞춤형 여행 가이드를 만들 수 있다. 이렇게 만들어지는 여행 가이드는 웹 페이지의 형태로 만들어져 출력해서 실제 여행지에 갔을 때 본인의 취향에 맞는 여행 가이드로 활용하거나 웹사이트 등에 올려 남들과 공유할 수 있다. 그리고 본 여행 가이드 시스템의 컴포넌트 모듈들은 다른 여행지에 대한 가이드 시스템을 만들 때에도 활용할 수 있도록 설계되었다. 본 논문에서는 몽생미셸을 소재로 제작한 가상현실 사용자 맞춤형 여행 가이드 시스템의 제작 동기, 개발, 그리고 간단한 사용성 평가에 대해 논한다. In this paper, we present the Mont-Saint-Michel virtual reality system designed to create the virtual heritage environment, which is enriched with personalized tour guide service. The tour guide system allows users to travel in the virtual heritage site and get more information about the sites or items of user's interests. It also allows users to make their own tour guidebook with the pictures they have taken during the virtual tour and more detail descriptions from the tour guide database. It then generates the web-based tour guidebook for users to utilize it for the actual site visit or share it with others over the Internet. The components of this system are designed with the consideration of reusability to be used for other interactive tour guide systems. This paper describes the motivation the development and a preliminary user study of Mont-Saint-Michel virtual reality personalized tour guide system.

Sphingomonas sp. HS362에 의한 Phenanthrene 분해특성

김수화,홍승복,강희정,안진철,정재훈,손승렬,Kim Su Hwa,Hong Seung-Bok,Kang Hee Jeong,Ahn Jin-Chul,Jeong Jae Hoon,Son Seung-Yeol 한국미생물학회 2005 미생물학회지 Vol.41 No.3

유류에 의해 오염된 토양으로부터 난분해성 물질인 phenanthrene을 유일한 탄소원과 에너지원으로 이용하며 성장하는 균주들을 분리한 후, 그중에서 분해능이 가장 우수한 균주를 선별하여 HS362라고 명명하였다. HS362는 생화학적 검사로는 Sphingomonas paucimobilis와, 16S rDNA 염기서열 분석으로는 Sphingomonas CF06과 가장 유사한 것으로 나타났고, 지방산분석 결과도 그람음성 간균인 Sphingomonas 속으로 판명되었으므로 Sphingomonas sp. HS362라고 명명하였다. 이 균은 500 ppm의 phenanthrene을 단일 탄소원으로 첨가한 경우, 10일 만에 $98{\%}$ 이상을 분해하였고,3000 ppm의 phenanthrene이 첨가된 경우에도 10일 만에 약$30{\%}$ 이상을 분해하는우수한 균임이 확인되었다. 또한 이 균은PAH들(Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons) 중에서 phenanthrene 이외에도 분자량이 적은 indole, naphthalene은 분해할 수 있는 반면에, 분자량이 큰 pyrene, fluoranthene은 분해하지 못하였다. Spitingomonas sp. HS362에 의한 phenanthrene 분해는$30^{\circ}C$, pH $4{\~}8$, NaCl $1{\%}$ 이하의 농도인 조건하에서 배양했을 때 가장 우수했으며, 특히 전분과 SDS, Tween 85, Triton X-100와 같은 계면활성제를 첨가해 주었을 때 분해가 증진되었다. 또한, 전배양을 통해서 phenanthrene의 분해가 증진되는 것을 볼 때에 분해효소가 유도되는 것으로 추측할 수 있었다. Spltingomonas sp. HS362는 5개의 plasmid를 가지고 있는데, 그중에서 plasmid p4를 잃었을 때에는phenanthrene을 분해하지 못하는 것으로 보아plasmid p4가 phenanthrene분해와 밀접한 관련이 있는 것으로 보인다. A phenanthrene-degrading bacterium HS362, which is capable of using phenanthrene as a sole carbon and energy source, was isolated from oil contaminated soil. This strain is a gram negative, rod shaped organism that is most closely related to Sphingomonas paucimobilis based on biochemical tests, and belongs to the genus Sphingomonas based on fatty acids analysis. It exhibited more than $99.2{\%}$ nucleotide sequence similarity of 16S rDNA to that of Sphingomonas CF06. Thus, we named this strain as Sphingomonas sp. HS362. It degraded $98{\%}$ of phenanthrene after 10 days of incubation when phenanthrene was added at 500 ppm and $30{\%}$ even when phenanthrene was added at 3000 ppm. Sphingomonas sp. HS362 could also degrade low molecular weight PAHs(Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons) such as indole and naphthalene, but was unable to degrade high molecular weight PAHs such as pyrene and fluoranthene. The optimum temperature and pH for phenanthrene degradation were $30^{\circ}C$ and $4{\~}8$, respectively. Sphingomonas sp. HS362 could degrade phenanthrene effectively in the concentration range of NaCl of up to $1{\%}$. Its phenanhrene degrading ability was enhanced by preculture, suggesting the possibility of induction of phenanthrene degrading enzymes. Starch and surfactants such as SDS, Tween 85, and Triton X-100 were also able to enhance phenanthrene degradation by Sphingomonas sp. HS362. It carries five plasmids and one of them, plasmid p4, is considered to be involved in the degradation of phenanthrene according to the plasmid curing experiment by growing at $42^{\circ}C$.

특수교육 기본교육과정 초등학교 체육과 수업 목표 분석 -Bloom의 개정된 교육목표 분류학을 중심으로-

김수화 ( Su-hwa Kim ),박병도 ( Byung-do Park ) 한국특수체육학회 2017 한국특수체육학회지 Vol.25 No.1

이 연구의 목적은 2011년 개정된 기본교육과정 체육과 수업 목표를 Bloom의 개정된 교육목표분류학에 기초하여 체육과 교과과정의 다양한 지식 습득과 균형 있는 인지과정발달을 위한 새로운 수업 목표의 기준을 제공하는데 있다. 분석 대상은 2011 개정 특수교육 기본교육과정의 초등학교 체육교과서의 단원별 차시 수업 목표 분석을 한 후, 이를 세부목표로 나누어 지식과정과 인지과정차원으로 나누어 분류하였다. 연구 내용에 대한 분석 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 특수교육 기본교육과정 초등학교 체육과 1-2학년/3-4학년/5-6학년 영역별 수업목표를 지식차원으로 분석한 결과 모든 영역에서 `사실적 지식`이 가장 많이 나타났고 인지과정 차원으로 분석한 결과 `사실적 지식` - `기억`이 가장 많은 분포를 나타내었다. The purpose of this study was to provide the criteria on new instructional objectives for the acquisition of various knowledge in terms of the curriculum in the course of physical education and the development of cognitive process based on taxonomy of the instructional objective revised by Bloom from the instructional objectives of the course of physical education in the basic curriculum revised in 2011. The subjects of analysis for this study have been the instructional objectives in the units of the elementary physical education textbook. As a result, it has been split into the detail objectives and analyzed the knowledge process and cognitive process. The results are followings. The analysis result of the instructional objectives from the course of physical education for 1-2/3-4/5-6 grade in the basic curriculum of the special education showed that the instructional objectives from health, challenge, expression, and leisure activity showed that `factual knowledge` was the highest percent in all dimensions. In addition, `factual knowledge` - `memory` in the cognitive process was the most distribution. `Factual knowledge` from the analysis result of the instructional objectives in the course of elementary school physical education in the basic curriculum of the special education has been most used in all grades. Finally, `memory` in the cognitive process was the most distribution.

노인 장기요양보험 이용실태 및 서비스내용에 대한 인식

정재연 ( Jae Yeon Jung ),김수화 ( Soo Hwa Kim ),김영경 ( Young Kyung Kim ),안세연 ( Se Youn Ahn ),유은미 ( Eun Mi Yoo ),최부근 ( Boo Keun Choi ),황윤숙 ( Yoon Sook Hwang ),한수진 ( Su Jin Han ) 한국치위생학회 2016 한국치위생학회지 Vol.16 No.3

Objectives: The purpose of the study is to investigate the awareness toward use and service contents of long term care for the elderly. Methods: A self-reported questionnaire was completed by 296 adults from August 13 to October 20, 2014. The questionnaire consisted of general characteristics of the subjects, awareness toward long term care insurance for the elderly, awareness toward long term oral health care services, use of long term care service and use intention for the long term care insurance. Data were analyzed by SPSS 18.0 program. Results: Those who were aware of the long term care insurance accounted for 55.4 percent. Approximately 50 percent of the respondents recognized long term care service items, home visit care, home visit bathing, and home visit nursing. Most of the respondents had information of long term care services by way of mass media and direct contact. Only 13.4 percent of the respondents were aware of the oral health service in the long term care insurance. The subjects were aware of denture cleaning, oral cleaning and oral health education out of oral health service in order; and oral health services that needed to be offered were denture cleaning, oral health education and professional toothbrushing. They reported that dental hygienists were the most important manpower that offered the efficient oral health care services. They answered that professional manpower and financial support are required for oral health services. The positive thinking to long term care insurance accounted for 89.2 percent and 91.3 percent had use intention for oral health services. Conclusions: Many elderly people have mastication or dysphagic problems due to systemic diseases. Therefore, it is necessary to announce the long term care insurance and long term care services for the elderly people.

학교구강보건실 담당자의 업무 실태 및 양치시설에 대한 의견 조사

정재연 ( Jae Yeon Jung ),김수화 ( Soo Hwa Kim ),한수진 ( Su Jin Han ) 한국치위생학회(구 한국치위생교육학회) 2012 한국치위생학회지 Vol.12 No.4

Objectives : This study aims to analyze the tasks, recognition and obstacles in operation of school dental clinics and to examine opinions on installation, operation and prerequisites for toothbrushing facilities. Methods : It conducted a survey t o the persons in charge at 3 78 s chool dental clinics in Korea and total 127 sheets, excluding incompletely answered data, were used for analysis by using SPSS 18.0. Results : Two regular dental hygienists visit school dental clinics 2-3 times per week and work 4-6 hours per week on average. Their tasks include oral health education, toothbrushing instruction, oral examination, sending school newsletters, and dental sealants. The obstacles of operation include excessive workload other than the work for the school dental clinic, lack of dentists, and lack of cooperation of principals and teachers in school. The persons in charge think that the chief task of the school dental clinic is the continuous oral health management, and it effectively affects students` oral health improvement. Most of them were for the installation of toothbrushing facilities. They said that it will be effective in students having an adequate toothbrushing habit and their toothbrushing rate increasing higher. They thought that if the school dental clinic is changed to toothbrushing facilities, it will improve students` oral health management. The prerequisites for toothbrushing facilities are the support of manpower in charge, principal`s support, and development of operational programs. Conclusions : The most effective function of school dental clinics is constant oral health management. However, when public health doctors are reduced and dental sealants get included in health insurance, the budget of local government will decrease and then it will eventually reduce the work of school dental clinics. Therefore, it is needed to enhance support for school dental clinics or install a toothbrushing facilities rather than a school dental clinic.(J Korean Soc Dent Hyg 2012;12(4):723-732)

글루탐산 용액 처리에 따른 발아현미 중의 감마-아미노낙산 및 일부 아미노산 함량변화

오석흥(Suk-Heung Oh),김수화(Su-Hwa Kim),문연정(Yeon-Jong Moon),최원규(Won-Gyu Choi) 한국생물공학회 2002 KSBB Journal Vol.17 No.1

저용량의 Rocuronium을 사용한 기관내 삽관 시 사전예비정주법이 Rocuronium의 작용 발현시간과 삽관 조건에 미치는 영향

손윤숙 ( Yoon Suk Son ),정규돈 ( Kyu Don Chung ),조현숙 ( Hyun Sook Cho ),유승준 ( Sung Jun Yu ),김수화 ( Su Hwa Kim ),이상묵 ( Sang Mook Lee ) 대한마취과학회 2009 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.57 No.4

Background: A priming dose of rocuronium can shorten the onset time of neuromuscular blockade. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of priming with rocuronium on the onset time and intubation conditions during tracheal intubation with low-dose rocuronium (0.35 mg/kg) and to compare results with those for rocuronium 0.45 mg/kg. Methods: One hundred twenty four patients were randomly allocated to three groups. Following induction of anesthesia, groups I and III received normal saline while group II received a priming dose of rocuronium (0.05 mg/kg). Three minutes after priming, groups I, II and III received, respectively, 0.45 mg/kg, 0.3 mg/kg and 0.35 mg/kg rocuronium. Intubation was performed 2 minutes after the administration of an intubating dose and intubation conditions were evaluated. Neuromuscular blockade was assessed by accelerography. Results: The proportion of cases having optimal intubation conditions in group I was higher than in groups II and III. There was no significant difference in the onset times among groups. Neuromuscular blockade at 60, 90 and 120 seconds after an intubating dose was similar among all groups except at 60 sec. Maximal blockade for group I was deep compared to groups II and III. Conclusions: Rocuronium 0.35 mg/kg does not provide satisfactory intubation conditions. There are no effects on onset time and intubation conditions due to priming during tracheal intubation with rocuronium 0.35 mg/kg. (Korean J Anesthesiol 2009;57:444∼9)

Aspergillus usamii mut. shirousamii S1에 의한 밀가루누룩 제조시 Amylase와 Protease의 생산조건

소명환,박서영,김수화,오현진 한국식품영양학회 1994 韓國食品營養學會誌 Vol.7 No.1

당화효소와 단백질분해효소의 생산능력이 강한 Aspergillus usamii mut. shirousamii S1을 접종하여 밀가루누룩을 제조할 때에 당화효소와 단백질분해효소의 생산을 위한 배양조건을 검토하였다. 밀가루를 가열처리했을 때에는 날밀가루에 비하여 단백질분해효소와 유기산의 생산은 증가되었으나 당화효소와 호정화효소의 생산은 감소되었다. 밀가루에 염산 0.5%를 함유하는 물을 급수했을 때에는 당화효소, 호정화효소 및 단백질분해효소의 생산이 감소되었다. 당화효소 생산의 최적급수비율은 32%이고, 단백질분해효소 생산의 최적급수비율은 28%이었다. 당화효소 생산의 최적온도는 36℃이고, 단백질분해효소 생산의 최적온도는 28℃이었다. 당화효소력은 120시간 배양시에 최고치에 도달하였고, 단백질분해효소력은 96시간 배양시에 최고치에 도달하였다. 당화효소의 생산은 곰팡이 접종 후 즉시 성형하는 것보다 24시간 전배양을 한 후에 성형하는 것이 좋았고, 단백질분해효소의 생산은 성형을 하지 않는 것이 좋았다. A nuluk, a Korean traditional koji for brewing, was made with wheat flour and Aspergillus usamii mut. shirousamii S1 which had strong abilities in producing amylase and protease. The cultural conditions for the production of saccharogenic and proteolytic enzymes were tested. The productivities of saccharogenic and dextrogenic enzymes were improved when nuluk was made with unsteamed wheat flour as compared with steamed one, but those of proteolytic enzyme and organic acid were reduced. The addition of water containing 0.5% of hydrochloric acid was unfavorable for the production of saccharogenic, dextrogenic and proteolytic enzymes. The optimum ratios of water added to wheat flour for the production of saccharogenic enzyme and proteolytic enzyme were 32% and 28%, respectively on the basis of wheat flour. The optimum temperatures for the production of saccharogenic enzyme and proteolytic enzyme were 36% and 28%, respectively. The activity of saccharogenic enzyme reached its maximum after 120 hours of cultivation at 36℃, but that of proteolytic enzyme 96 hours. The productivity of saccharogenic enzyme was enhanced when the nuluk was molded after 24 hours of precultivation but that of proteolytic enzyme was reduced as compared with no molding.

김치에서 분리한 저온성 젖산균의 배추즙에서의 배양

소명환,오현진,박서영,김수화 한국식품영양학회 1994 韓國食品營養學會誌 Vol.7 No.4

본 연구는 김치에서 분리되어 Leu. mesenteroides subsp. mesenteroides, Leu. mesenteroides subsp. dextranicum, Leu. lactis, Leu. paramesenleroides, Lac. bavaricus 및 Lac. homohiochii로 동정된 대표적인 저온성 젖산균 10균주에 대하여 발효과정에서의 동태와 역할을 예측하기 위하여 수행되었다. 이를 위하여 소금 2.5%를 함유하는 무균 배추즙에 각 젖산균의 starter를 0.01%를 접종하고 10℃에서 14일간 배양하였다. 모든 젖산균들은 왕성하게 증식하여 배양 4일에 정상기에 도달하였다. 사멸기에서 곡선의 기울기는 균주에 따라 크게 달랐다. 산도는 2일에서 4일 사이에 급격히 증가하였고, 5일 이후에는 매우 완만하게 증가하였다. pH는 2일과 3일 사이에 급격히 감소하였고, 4일 이후에는 매우 완만하게 감소하였다. 최종 배양액의 총산도는 0.52∼0.75%, 휘발성 산도는 0.04∼0.18%이었고, pH는 3.55∼3.85이었다. 관능검사 결과 Leuconostoc속 규주의 배양액이 Lactobacillus속의 배양액보다 flavor가 좋았다. 본 젖산균들을 김치 발효용 starter로 사용하고 저온에서 숙성 시키면 숙성 소요시간을 크게 단축시킬 수 있고, 과숙현상이 억제될 것으로 생각되었다. The purpose of this study was to predict the actions and roles of 10 strains of representative psychrotrophic lactic acid bacteria, in kimchi fermentation, which were isolated from kimchi and identified as Leu. mesenteroides subsp. mesenteroides, Leu. mesenteroides subsp. dextranicum, Leu. lactis, Leu. paramesenleroides, Lac. bavaricus and Lac. homohiochii. For this, 0.01% of lactic starters were inoculated in germ free Korean cabbage-juice containing 2.5% NaCl, and then cultivated for 14 days at 10℃. All strains grew actively, and reached their stationary phase in 4 days. In death phase, the slopes of curves were much different each other by strains. The acidity increased rapidly between 2 and 4 days, and the pH decreased rapidly between 2 and 3 days. The total acidity was 0.52∼0.75%, the volatile acidity 0.04∼0.18% and the pH 3.55∼3.85, in final cultures. The cultures of Leuconostocs were better than those of Lactobacilli on flavor test. It was thought that the ripening periods of kimchi would be much reduced, and that the over ripening would be also somewhat avoided, when these strains were used as starter bacteria for kimchi and the kimchi was fermented at low temperature.