친환경오이와 일반오이의 이화학적 특성 및 소비자 기호도

김성아,전순실,이지현,Kim, Sung-a,Chun, Soon-Sil,Lee, Jeehyun 한국식품영양학회 2015 韓國食品營養學會誌 Vol.28 No.6

Environment-friendly agricultural products are consumed widely, but little is known about consumers' acceptability. The objectives of this study were to 1) determine consumers' acceptability of cucumber when consumed raw, 2) determine differences in appearance liking between environment-friendly and conventionally grown cucumber samples, and 3) analyze the physicochemical properties of cucumber. White dadagi, gasi, non-pesticide mini cucumber, organic gasi, and organic Joseon cucumber samples were evaluated for consumers' acceptability using a nine-point hedonic scale; White dadagi, organic Joseon, and organic gasi cucumber samples showed the highest acceptability scores. However, there were three consumer segmentations differing their degree of cucumber liking and preference. Consumers liked the appearance of organic gasi best. Consumers' preference of cucumbers did not change upon evaluation of the acceptability of the appearance of whole fruit with and without a label indicating an environment-friendly status. Additionally, the physicochemical properties of the cucumbers-including color (skin and flesh), length, circumference, weight, water activity, brix, and texture (hardness and fracturability)-were measured. All measurements showed significant differences among samples, with the exception of water activity and hardness. White dadagi was 3.8 brix, which was the highest among cucumbers, followed by non-pesticide mini cucumber and organic Joseon. White dadagi, organic Joseon, and organic gasi showed greater fracturability than the other cucumber samples. 친환경농산물이 많이 소비되고 있는 반면에 소비자의 기호도에 관한 연구는 부족한 실정이다. 본 연구의 목적은 국내에서 시판되는 오이를 생식으로 섭취할 경우 소비자의 기호도에 차이가 있는지를 알아보고, 친환경오이와 일반오이에 대한 소비자 외관 기호도 차이가 있는지, 그리고 친환경오이와 일반오이의 물리화학적 특성을 연구하고자 하였다. 9점척도법을 이용하여 백다다기오이, 가시오이, 무농약미니오이, 유기농가시오이, 유기농조선오이에 대한 소비자의 기호도를 조사하였고, 전반적인 기호도에서는 백다다기오이, 유기농조선오이, 유기농가시오이를 선호하였다. 그러나 오이에 대한 기호도와 선호도가 다른 소비자의 소그룹이 있었다. 외관 기호도를 평가하였을 때, 친환경농산물 여부에 관계없이 유기농가시오이를 가장 선호하였다. 물리화학적 특성으로 껍질과 과육의 색도, 오이의 길이, 둘레, 무게, 수분활성도, 당도, 조직감(경도, 부서지는 정도)을 측정한 결과, 수분활성도와 경도를 제외한 모든 특성에서 시료간에 유의적인 차이가 있었다(p<0.05). 백다다기오이의 당도는 3.8 brix로 오이 시료 중 가장 높았고, 그 다음으로는 무농약미니오이와 유기농조선오이의 순이었다. 백다다기오이, 유기농조선오이, 유기농가시오이는 부서지는 정도가 다른 시료보다 높았다. 명도는 백다다기오이가 가장 높았으며, 무농약미니오이, 유기농가시오이, 가시오이 사이에는 유의적인 차이가 없었다.

보행계수기 기반 댄스스포츠 에너지소비량 추정식의 정확성과 노모그램의 제시

김성아(Sung A Kim),김도연(Do Yeon Kim),이진오(Jin Oh Lee) 한국발육발달학회 2007 한국발육발달학회지 Vol.15 No.2

The purpose of this study is to identify the accuracy of the step unit energy expenditure(cal/kg/step) of sports dancing(Chachacha, Jive) by using a pedometer as developed by Kim et al., (2005), and proposing nomograms. With this aim, the study selected 20 male and female college students in Seoul and the Gyeonggi area by event and by gender through a convenience sample, which totals 80 subjects(average age: 22.1±1.9yr). For a measuring instrument, a pedometer(Yamax SW-650, Japan) and indirect calorimeter(K4b2 Cosmed, Italy) were used, and the actual value was measured with the same procedure employed in the research by Kim et al., (2005). Also, the estimated value was calculated by applying a formula developed by Kim et al., (2005). The collected data was subject to SPSS 12.0, descriptive statistics (M, SD), and Person`s correlation coefficient(r) for confirming the relationship between the actual value and the estimated value of step unit energy expenditure. In order to verify the accuracy of the estimated value against the actual value, the TEM(Technical error of measurement), 95% CI(95% confidence level), and %TEM(relative TEM) were calculated by using MS-EXCEL; and nomograms were proposed by calculating step unit energy expenditure by weight (40kg, 60kg, 80kg, and 100kg). As a result of the research, the estimation formula for the step unit energy expenditure by using a pedometer was proven to overestimate the energy expenditure in general, and the estimation formula of males, particularly for Jive, was proven to have a relatively high accuracy (%TEM=6.57, 95% CI=275.03-357.42 cal/kg/step), whereas the estimation formula of females for Chachacha was proven to have a relatively low accuracy (%TEM=10.17, 95% CI=196.94-297.46 cal/kg/step). Also, the proposed nomograms enabled the estimation of step unit energy expenditure by using kilograms and step count. Therefore, through the results, the estimation formula of Kim et al.,(2005) was found to be relatively accurate, and it is believed to provide an objective estimation of energy expenditure and convenient calculation and give instant feedback through the proposed nomograms.

한국인 영어학습자의 심상 어휘부에 관한 사용기반적 접근

김성아(Sung-A Kim) 한국중원언어학회 2018 언어학연구 Vol.0 No.49

This study explores the neural bases of phonological onset competition driven by phonological similarity by using eye tracking and ERP methods. In both experiments, Korean learners of English were asked to conduct visual search of an English target word while they were presented with an audio stimulus of the target word along with a pictorial display of the target word, an onset competitor, and two phonologically and semantically unrelated objects. In the eye tracking experiment with twenty-two participants, they showed increased looks to the onset competitor compared to phonologically and semantically unrelated objects. This result indicates that lexical items with phonological similarity are associated with each other in the mental lexicon of L2 speakers as assumed in the usage-based approach to mental lexicon. In the ERP experiment with nineteen participants, both left IFG and left STG turned out to be significantly activated in order to process phonological competition.

Exceptional Tone Spreading and F0 Peak Alignment

김성아 ( Sung A Kim ) 경희대학교 언어연구소 2008 언어연구 Vol.25 No.1

The paper seeks to conduct a phonetic assessment of exceptional tone spreading by comparing tone spreading cases in Yoruba, Yao, and South Kyeongsang Korean. The tone alternations in the three languages have been analyzed as a rightward tone spreading in previous studies. A major finding in the present study is the asymmetric behavior of high tones in the languages: Unlike the tone alternation in Yoruba, those in Yao and South Kyeongsang Korean deserve an account in terms of phonetic implementation of high tone rather than phonological analysis of tone spreading with exceptional conditions. In the experiments, native speakers` speech data were pitch tracked and measurement was conducted on fundamental frequency (f0 henceforth) of pitch peak and on the time points of offset and onset of tone bearing syllables. A regression model revealed that there were no significant differences between non-spreading and spreading contexts with regard to the prediction of the location of f0 peak in Yao and South Kyeongsang Korean, while there was a significant difference in the case of Yoruba. The result evidences the claim that there is no spreading in Yao and South Kyeongsang Korean. The phenomenon previously considered as a phonological spreading in the two languages may result from f0 peak lagging.

삼투탈수 알로에 건조제품의 구조적 및 물리화학적 특성

김성아 ( Sung A Kim ),백진홍 ( Jin Hong Baek ),이신영 ( Shin Young Lee ) 한국산업식품공학회 2009 산업 식품공학 Vol.13 No.1

The structural and physicochemical properties of dried aloe vera gel by DIS (dewatering impregnation soaking) process under optimum conditions were investigated. FT-IR spectra for dried samples of DIS aloes showed the typical patterns of standard aloe polysaccharide, and surface structures by SEM (scanning electron microscopy) were similar to a gel-like structure. In case of physicochemical properties of dried aloe samples by DIS process, solubilities and swelling powers of control (not osmotic treated aloe), DIS (S) and DIS (G), samples treated by osmotic solution of 60% sucrose/0.25% NaCl and 50% glucose/0.5% NaCl, were 48.3-57.3% and 8.3-11.7%, respectively, showing no significant differences among samples, but swelling power of DIS (PEG), sample treated by using 50% polyethylene glycol as an osmotic agent was about 5 times higher that of control. Also, water holding capacities of control, DIS (S) and DIS (G) were similar to each other, but that of DIS (PEG) was about 5 times higher that of control. Oil holding capacities of control and DIS aloes maintained the 50.9-86.4% levels of water holding capacities showing no significant differences among samples. Rehydration ratio of DIS (PEG) aloes were significantly dependent on the temperature of rehydrated solvent (water), and rehydration ratio of not-fileted aloe was about two folds higher than that of fileted aloe.

영어 유무성동화의 예외에 대한 비충실성 제약 기반 분석

김성아(Kim Sung-A) 한국영어학회 2006 영어학 Vol.6 No.2

수부(手部) 건성습진(乾性濕疹)에 대한 한방치료(韓方治療) 증례(證例) 보고(報告)

정현정,김성아,정지천,윤철호,윤경선,Jung, Hyun-Jung,Kim, Sung-A,Jeong, Ji-Cheon,Yoon, Cheol-Ho,Yoon, Kyoung-Sun 대한한방내과학회 2005 大韓韓方內科學會誌 Vol.26 No.3

Eczema is a general term for skin diseases showing itching, vessiculopapular eruption, and erythema when acute, or lichenification and scale if chronic. It is classified as irritant dermatitis, atopic dermatitis, seborrheic dermatitis, neurodermatitis, nummular eczema, statis dermatitis, infective dermatitis, xerotic eczema, and pompholyx by afflicted regions and symptoms. Therapy for eczema is allopathic, and includes application of ice- pack to erythema, and application of emollients and steroids to the affected parts during subacute or chronic stages. Eczema is understood as ulceration(瘡), tinea(癬), wind syndrome(風證), and dryness syndrome(燥證) in terms of oriental medicine. Xerotic eczema is understood in dryness syndrome. Nourishing blood(養血) therapy is used. This is a case study on which xerotic eczema occurred on a patient's afflicted left palm and fingers after stroke. The patient's xerotic eczema was attributed to dryness syndrome. Therefore, Samul-tang(四物湯) and Saenghyeoryunbu-eum(生血潤膚飮) were used for nourishing blood. This therapy was effective on eczema and accompanying symptoms such as dizziness and numbness of the left hand.

EFL 학습자의 문어 담화 이해에 있어 글 내용 스키마와 글 구조 스키마의 사용에 관한 연구

김성아(Kim Sung-A) 한국영어교과교육학회 2002 영어교과교육 Vol.1 No.1

  The main purpose of the present study is to analyze the simultaneous effects on EFL reading comprehension of both content and text structure schemata, as well as any potential interaction between them. In the study, three kinds of tasks are performed by 89 college level EFL learners. Three versions (C, S, and C/S) of a social studies passage about an imaginary country are prepared in English. Three versions are randomly assigned to the subjects. The three different versions are developed to allow readers to use both content and text structure schemata (C/S passage), to use content schemata only (C passage) or text structure schemata only (S passage). The subjects are asked to read and underline the important sentences (main-idea-selection task) in the versions they read. Then, they report by writing and oral interviews why they choose the particular sentence as the most important ones in the main-idea-selection task. Overall findings of this study show that content schemata affect EFL readers" English reading comprehension to a greater extent than text structure schemata. Moreover, it is found that the co-occurrence of text structure schemata and content schemata encourages EFL readers" use of content schemata, while the co-occurrence of the content schemata does not.

피치 액센트 언어의 타이밍과 성조 정렬에 관한 가설 재고

김성아 ( Sung A Kim ) 대한언어학회 2008 언어학 Vol.16 No.4

This paper addresses the issue of two hypotheses on the timing or alignment of tonal targets: colleague interaction hypothesis and segment anchoring hypothesis. The first predicts that tonal targets may align with respect to one another. The second assumes that tonal targets may have a constant temporal co-ordination with segmental strings. After reviewing the two hypotheses presented in the literature, an experiment was conducted in order to systematically examine the two hypotheses. The target language was Hamkyeong Korean, a pitch accent language in Korea. In the experiment, the left-hand environment of H* was manipulated by systematically increasing the number of pre H* syllables and 2 native speakers of Hamkyeong Korean were asked to naturally read the experimental sentences. Experimental results revealed that the F0 contour was quasi-flat and the F0 did not interpolate toward the following H* unlike the predictions born out of colleague interaction hypotheses. In addition, F0 rise turned out to be constantly timed with the onset of H* bearing syllable in Hamkyeong Korean. This provides evidence supporting segment anchoring hypothesis.

영어 L2 학습자의 어휘부 활성화: 평행성을 중심으로

김성아 ( Kim Sung-A ) 한국현대영어영문학회 2021 현대영어영문학 Vol.65 No.4

It is well established that multiple words with phonetic similarities are activated in the monolingual processing of spoken words. Yet relatively less is known about cross-language activation of phonetically similar words in the bilingual minds. The present study explored cross-language activation of mental lexicon in the spoken word processing of Korean learners of English (i.e., Korean L1-English L2 group). The data from Korean learners of English group were compared with those from native speakers of English (i.e.,English L1 only group). In the experimental task, they were asked to listen to spoken words in English while looking at a display with a target picture, a competitor picture whose Korean translation was phonetically overlapped with the target object, and two pictures of unrelated distractors. Their eye movements were analyzed. The Korean L1-English L2 group looked more often at the pictures of cross-language competitor than English L1 only group did. This finding strongly suggests the presence of non-selective access to both lexicons among the Korean learners of English during the spoken word processing in English. Namely, both L1 and L2 lexicons are spontaneously activated even when they were asked to process the spoken words in L2.(Kyung Hee University)