Completive의 통사적 특성과 구조

조애형 한국불어불문학회 1985 佛語佛文學硏究 Vol.20 No.1

가와사끼병에서 고용량 면역글로불린을 투여한 후 초래되는 무균성 뇌수막염에 대한 연구

조애라,박지윤,김경효,홍영미 대한소아청소년과학회 2004 Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics (CEP) Vol.47 No.5

Purpose:Kawasaki disease is a multisystemic inflammatory vasculitis and associated with neurologic features such as aseptic meningitis. High-dose intravenous immunoglobulin(IVIG) is used to treat Kawasaki disease and generally considered to be safe, but rare cases of aseptic meningitis with unknown etiology have been reported. The aseptic meningitis associated with Kawasaki disease was compared with meningitis as the adverse reaction of high-dose IVIG. Methods:Sixteen Kawasaki disease patients with typical meningeal irritation symptoms were reviewed from January 1997 to July 2002. Group I(n=11) had meningitis associated with Kawasaki disease and Group II(n=5) had meningitis as the adverse reaction of high-dose IVIG therapy. The clinical features and hematologic and cerebrospinal fluid(CSF) findings were compared between the two groups. Results:The duration of fever was significantly longer in group I than group II. Meningeal irritation symptoms were milder in group II than group I. Hemoglobin levels were lower in group II than group I. Monocyte counts were higher in group I than group II. In the CSF analysis, neutrophil counts were significantly higher in group II than group I. Otherwise, there were no significant differences in CSF protein and sugar levels between the two groups. Conclusion:Aseptic meningitis occurred in patients with Kawasaki disease after administration of high-dose IVIG. High-dose IVIG was considered to be safe in general. However, clinicians should be aware of the potential for neurologic complications such as acute aseptic meningitis in patients receiving high-dose IVIG for Kawasaki disease. 목 적 : 가와사끼병은 유소아기에 생기는 급성 전신성 혈관염으로서 가와사끼병을 앓는 동안 무균성 뇌수막염이 동반되는 것으로 알려져 있다. 고용량 면역글로불린을 투여한 후에도 무균성 뇌수막염이 발생한다는 보고가 있기는 하지만, 현재 그 기전은 잘 알려져 있지 않으며 이에 대한 국내, 외 보고가 많지 않은 실정이다. 본 연구에서는 급성기 동안에 가와사끼병과 동반된 뇌수막염군과 고용량 면역글로불린을 투여한 후 합병증으로 초래되는 뇌수막염군으로 나누어 임상 양상, 혈액 검사 및 뇌척수액 검사 소견을 비교, 분석하였다.방 법 : 1997년 1월부터 2002년 7월까지 이화의대 동대문병원 소아과에 가와사끼병으로 입원했던 172명 중에서 뇌막 자극 증상이 뚜렷한 무균성 뇌수막염이 동반되었던 16명을 대상으로 하였다. 이 중에서 가와사끼병과 동반된 뇌수막염 11명을 1군으로, 고용량 면역글로불린 투여 후 발생한 뇌수막염 5명을 2군으로 정하여 두 군 사이의 임상 양상, 혈액검사 및 뇌척수액 검사 소견을 비교, 분석하였다.결 과 : 뇌막 자극 증상이 뚜렷한 뇌수막염은 가와사끼병 환아 172명 중 16명이였으며 이 가운데 고용량 면역글로불린을 투여한 후 뇌수막염이 발생한 경우는 5명이였다. 두 군에서 모두 발열이 있었고 1군은 5.0±2.5일, 2군은 1.6±0.6일로 2군에서 발열 기간이 통계학적으로 유의하게 짧았다. 뇌막 자극 증상은 2군에서 1군에 비해 경하였다. 혈액 검사에서는 혈색소치가 2군에서 1군보다 유의하게 낮았다. 단핵구는 1군이 2군보다 유의하게 높은 소견을 보였으며 다핵 백혈구나 혈소판 수치는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 뇌척수액 검사에서 다핵 백혈구는 2군이 1군보다 유의하게 높은 소견을 보였으며 뇌척수액 단백과 당은 두 군간에 차이가 없었다.

들뢰즈와 가따리의 여성-되기와 전복성

조애리(Cho, Ailee),김진옥(Kim, Jin-Ok) 한국여성연구소 2016 페미니즘 연구 Vol.16 No.1

들뢰즈와 가따리와 여성을 논할 때 가장 핵심적인 개념은 여성-되기로, 전복적이며 동시에 더 큰 잠재적 전복성을 지니고 있다. 우선 여성-되기의 전복성은 가부장제의 해체에 드러난다. 여성-되기는 남/녀, 지배/피지배의 이원론적 구조를 전면 부정함으로써 여성 억압의 구도를 해체시킨다. 둘째, 여성-되기로 인한 분자적 여성은 극대화된 개체성을 지니게 된다. 이제 여성은 가부장제 안에 배치된 몰적 여성이 아니라 여성-되기를 통해 개별적인 주체인 분자적 여성이 된다. 여성-되기는 이처럼 기존의 권력구조에 균열을 일으키지만 그것의 잠재적 전복성은 여성-되기가 리좀이 되고 전쟁기계로 발전할때 실현될 수 있을 것이다. 리좀과 여성-되기를 좀 더 명확하게 연결시킬 경우 여성-되기는 비위계적이며 전복적인 집합으로 나갈 수 있으며 유목적 전쟁기계와 연관 될 때 기존의 국가가 배치하는 여성을 넘어서서 대안적인 집합성을 제시할 수 있을 것이다. Deleuze and Guattari’s becoming-woman is a crucial concept in discussing the questions of women. The defiant notions of subversion and potentiality in the concept of becoming-woman are as follows: Deleuze and Guattari’s becoming-woman serves to deconstruct the hierarchical binary gender structure: “All binaries,” for Deleuze and Guattari, “privilege one term as standard: white, male adult, rational, etc.” To undo this identification with the absolute power of the majority, one has to de-centre oneself, becoming minoritarian and defaced. Becoming-woman is to become part of a minority by rendering possible a becoming, of which they do not have any kinds of ownership. It gears toward the destabilization of patriarchy between man/woman, oppression/oppressed. Deleuze and Guattari argue that becoming woman is not to imitate or assume the female form, but to produce the particles that compose the concept of the molecular woman. Here, a molecular woman represents the reinforcement of individuality as women, not as a molar entity. What we term woman, in this paradigm, is not defined in a binary structure with man, but is registered by a molecular woman as an individual subject. Becoming-woman is rhizomatic. In Deleuze’s paradigm, the term rhizome is not exclusively presented as the collectivity of becoming-woman. Negri sees rhizome as the collective powers of the multitude, creating social subversion in non-hierarchical ways. In this manner, social changes and transformations, for Deleuze and Guattari, can be achieved by promoting more active discussions of women as a rhizomatic collectivity. Furthermore, if Deleuze and Guattari matched the notion of becoming-woman with the nomadic war machine, women will move beyond the limited realms that the states have arranged, and will achieve an alternative collectivity beyond deconstruction.

중도절단된 의료비용에 대한 주변 2-부분 모형

조애정(Ae Jeong Jo),장은진(Eun Jin Jang) 한국데이터정보과학회 2022 한국데이터정보과학회지 Vol.33 No.6

Emily Dickinson and the Line of Flight

조애리 신영어영문학회 2019 신영어영문학 Vol.72 No.-

Many critics have viewed Emily Dickinson as a poet of pain and loss. However, this article examines her poems in terms of Gilles Deleuze and Félix Guattari’s ‘line of flight’ theory, according to which they are full of delight and power. The significance of this study lies in revealing Dickinson’s hitherto disregarded desire for flight and immanent ontology, through viewing her poetry from Deleuze and Gattari’s perspective. The desire for flight manifests itself first as the molecular line and finally as the line of flight. Though this line of flight is re-territorialized at times, it not only destroys institutions such as religion and marriage but also creates new assemblages on the plane of immanence, where multiple elements coexist. In particular, the omnipotence felt in the alliance between a human and an object points to the limitations of transcendence and, furthermore, emphasizes the superiority of immanence.

Joseph Andrews와 리얼리즘

조애리 한국현대영어영문학회 1998 현대영어영문학 Vol.42 No.1

국민학교 명칭개정에 관한 연구

조애귀,이희성,김종구,이성은 한국교육행정학회 1995 敎育行政學硏究 Vol.13 No.3

월트 휘트먼의 「나의 노래」와 리좀적 공동체

조애리 한국현대영어영문학회 2019 현대영어영문학 Vol.63 No.4

This paper examines how self and en Masses are related in Walt Whitman’s “Song of Myself.” While existing criticisms have dealt with the contradiction or the tension between the two, this paper tries to examine how “Song of Myself” becomes that of people in terms of Deleuze and Gattari’s rhizomatic community. First, it shows that Whitman’s self is not solid identity but Deleuze and Gattari’s line of flight. Secondly, it examines how this line of flight makes the rhizomatic community, which is made possible by rejecting hierarchy and connecting every walk of people. Finally, the political implication of the rhizomatic community is considered by analyzing becoming-minority. For Whitman the solidarity with “the weakest, the shallowest” is at the heart of rizomatic community, which can be perpetually be restored even if it is broken or destroyed.

A pooled Bayes test of independence using restricted pooling model for contingency tables from small areas

조애정,Dal Ho Kim 한국통계학회 2022 Communications for statistical applications and me Vol.29 No.5

For a chi-squared test, which is a statistical method used to test the independence of a contingency table of two factors, the expected frequency of each cell must be greater than 5. The percentage of cells with an expected frequency below 5 must be less than 20% of all cells. However, there are many cases in which the regional expected frequency is below 5 in general small area studies. Even in large-scale surveys, it is difficult to forecast the expected frequency to be greater than 5 when there is small area estimation with subgroup analysis. Another statistical method to test independence is to use the Bayes factor, but since there is a high ratio of data dependency due to the nature of the Bayesian approach, the low expected frequency tends to decrease the precision of the test results. To overcome these limitations, we will borrow information from areas with similar characteristics and pool the data statistically to propose a pooled Bayes test of independence in target areas. Jo et al. (2021) suggested hierarchical Bayesian pooling models for small area estimation of categorical data, and we will introduce the pooled Bayes factors calculated by expanding their restricted pooling model. We applied the pooled Bayes factors using bone mineral density and body mass index data from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey conducted in the United States and compared them with chi-squared tests often used in tests of independence.

As I Lay Dying에 나타난 광기

조애리 현대영미어문학회 2000 현대영미어문학 Vol.18 No.1

As I Lay Dying deals with asocial character as a protagonist, using multiple point of views and stream of consciousness technique. This article examines the mad adolescent who failed to the adult's world. The hero is in his adolescence, still rejecting to be an adult. To him, the childhood is a dream world where the fantasy can come true. On the other hand the adult's world is devastating, where self interest prevails. It is desire to be one with his dead mother is a way to arrest time at the moment when he can be in the simplicity of childhood. The regressive desire he shows is the expression of the romantic disillusionment of the evil maturity. But the hero's desire cannot be fulfilled in this world. The conflict between their desire and the reality brings about the dissolution of the self. His effort to define the outer world ironically shows his alienation from the reality. The outer world is matched with that of the self. The protagonist the madness is the only means to confront the reality. The madness brings the most peaceful dondition. He cand affirm all things in his insanity. But his affirmation can be realized only in the isolation from the world: his death cannot make him transcend the solitary consciousness; it is a means of escaping from the world.