북한 벼 품종의 지대별 출수반응

양원하,김덕수,전용희,조영찬,김제규,이문희 한국국제농업개발학회 2004 韓國國際農業開發學會誌 Vol.16 No.1

북한벼의 출수 반응을 검토하기 위하여, 작물시험장 인공기상실과 표고가 다른 수원, 철원, 진부 등 3 지역에서 이앙기를 달리하여 1998년과 1999년에 시험 수행한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 가. 지대별 이앙기 변동에 다른 출수일수 변화는 표고가 낮은 지역일수록, 이앙기가 늦어질수록 출수일수가 짧아졌으며, 지역과 이앙기 이동에 따른 경향을 살펴보면, 표고가 높은 진부지역에서 이앙기가 늦어질수록 출수일수가 단축되는 정도가 뚜렷하게 나타났다. 2. 북한 벼의 기본영양생장성은 조생종은 대조 품종인 오대벼보다 짧은 편이었고, 중생종은 오대벼에 비하여 긴 편이었다. 다. 감온성은 대비품종인 오대벼보다 대체로 예민한 것으로 나타났으며 극조생종인 올벼 2호는 감온성이 매우 예민한 반응을 보여 ′98년에는 42일, ′99년에는 39일이었다. The experiment was carried out to determine heading response of North Korean rice cultivars at NCES(national crop experiment station). RDA. South Korea in 1998 and 1999. This experiment was tested at three different locations which were Suwon, Cheolwon and Jinbu with 5 transplanting times with 10 cultivars. Duration of heading stage of the rice plant was shortened at lower altitude and in later transplanting date, respectively. Bases on the heading days, it was classified as the basic vegetative phase(BVP) and thermo-sensitive phase(TSP) in tested cultivars. BVPs and TSPs among treated varieties were grouped with four groups. BVPs of North Korean rice cultivars for early maturity were shoter than that of Odaebyeo of Korean rice cultivars, however, those for medium maturity were longer than that of the control cultivar, Odaebyeo. Meanwhile, TSPs of North Korean rice cultivars were more sensitive than that of the check cultivar of Odaebyeo, Correlation between 1998 and 1999 was more significant in basic vegetative phase than in thermo-sensitive stage. Therefore, the heading time of the rice plant primarily depended on the period of basic vegetative phase growth.

One Arm Curl 동작의 Simulation

조동욱,서국웅,윤양진,김정태,조승제 釜山大學校 附設 體育科學硏究所 1997 體育科學硏究所 論文集 Vol.13 No.-

In recent years, numerical simulation of human body motion has received an increasingly wider range of application. Computer simulations have greatly contributed to the understanding of kinematics and dynamics of human motion. Such simulations are being used in ergonomics to better understand and thus improve the interaction of persons with machines and with workplace configurations. In sports, the simulations are being used to optimize performance, to develop equipment for injury prevention, and to speed and enhance recovery from injury. Then in this study simulated one arm curl motion for understanding force and moment in arm's each joint, and this segment modeling was used 2-dimension, 3-link system. From simulation of mathematica 3.0 we found kinematic and kinetic factors with imaginatively lift of dumbbell and simulated random value of the last curl angle, weight of dumbbell, cycle of motion and so on. The conclusions of this study is as follows ; 1. As this study link system, weight of dumbbell influence not a stance and motion but magnitude of force and moment. 2. The force showed even as smooth curve in all cycle. Moment showed biggist between 0.5sec and 1.5sec. The magnitude order is shoulder, elbow and wrist joint. 3. Motion of system in this study is very similar human arm's motion considering that law of inertia and helped effectively delegation of force. 4. Mathematica is useful language as simulation program. Forward it needs study about modeling and simulation on muscle factors, also human body simulation.

인조 합성 테니스 바닥재의 지면 반력 분석

조승제,정미라,서국웅,박승범,윤양진,이훈식,강영택 釜山大學校 附設 體育科學硏究所 1998 體育科學硏究所 論文集 Vol.14 No.-

Some authors suggest that certain types of surfaces are the origin of such injuries. A few years after the first medical concerns about surfaces were voiced, publications of biomechanical measurements apperared, describing accleration, force, and impact measurement on different types of surfaces. In many sport activities, surfaces can be under very high dynamic load. This was the reason for the development of various methods for impact simulation, like the development of various methods for impact simulation, like the artificial athlete. Furthermore, it is important to collect information about the hardness of new and already existing surfaces in sport arenas. The idea on which this measuring system is based Is as follows: The stiffness of the material can be computed from the kinematics measurd at touch down of a rigid body onto a material sample. The results show the following The result for the artifical surfaces(Synpave ace) is surprising. It is known that these surfaces are much harder than synpave rebound classic, synpave spring. This finding suggests that it may be possible that the subjective impression is used as one criterion in the selection of landing(or style) strategies. The number of subjects in this experiment is too small to make statistically significant conclusions. It is shown analytically that when an object a deformable surface, the acceleration it experiences is inversely propotional to its mass. In future, it need to stress that the interaction between shoe and surface is important, and this aspect has now become well accepted. Considering biomechanical aspect in player's injury, it request Korean Standards for synthetic playing surfaces in sport like ASTM(America Society for Testing & Materials) standards of America, DIN 18035 standards of Germany, BSI standards of U.K.

일 농촌지역의 우울 증상에 관한 역학연구 -위험요인 및 요인구조분석

하양숙,홍진표,김한규,이군희,한경자,조맹제,김용익,송미순,박성애,김창윤 大韓神經精神醫學會 1999 신경정신의학 Vol.38 No.2

연구목적 : 세계적으로 널리 사용되는 우울증 척도인 the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale(CES-D)을 이용하여 지역사회 주민의 우울증상의 정도를 평가하고, 우울증상의 위험요인을 분석하고, 한국인에서 우울증상의 요인구조를 알기 위해 본 연구를 실시하였다. 방 법 : 경기도 일 농촌 지역의 30세 이상 주민에 대해 무작위 군집 집락 추출을 실시하였고, 훈련된 면담원들이 가정 방문을 통하여 면접 및 자기보고 검사인 CES-D를 실시하였다. 총 1,315명에서 응답을 하였고 응답율은 59.3%이었다. 결 과 : CES-D에 의한 우울증 점수는 0∼5점이 57%정도를 차지하였고, 평균 점수는 남자 7.8점 여자 9.5점으로 비교적 낮은 편이었다. ANCOVA 분석 결과 비결혼, 저학력, 여성이라는 위험요인은 독립적으로 우울증상을 악화시키는 요인이었으나 연령은 통계적으로 유의하지 않았다. CES-D 결과를 요인분석을 시행한 결과 4가지 요인이 추출되었는데 우울증상 및 신체증상이 한 개의 요인으로, 다른 나라에서 보고되지 않는 정서적 고통이 별도의 요인으로 추출되었다. 결 론 : 국내 역학 조사에서도 외국과 유사한 우울점수 및 위험요인이 확인되었으나 우울증의 요인에서는 특이한 요인이 추출되었다. 한국인에 독특한 우울 반응에 관한 추가 연구가 필요하다. Objectives :The rates, correlates, and factor structure of depressive symptoms in a Korean rural sample were examined using Korean version of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale(CES-D). Methods : Door to door visiting survey was conducted by trained interviewers. A random cluster sample of 1,315 respondents, aged 30 and over completed the CES-D scale along with additional sociodemographic questionnaire. Results : In this sample, mean CES-D score of male and female were 7.8 and 9.5, respectively which were lower than those reported previously. Symptoms of depression were most common among the less educated, non-married and female according to ANCOVA. Age was not a significant risk factor for depressive symptoms. Different factor structures emerged from this sample as compared to other studies using this approach. Somatic symptoms and affective symptoms were combined as one factor and emotional hardship emerged as a separate factor. Conclusion : Symptoms scores and risk factors were similar to the results reported in other countries but unique factor structures were found in this study. Further research is needed about the Korean depressive symptomatology and related areas.

Palilalia, echolalia, and echopraxia–palipraxia as ictal manifestations in a patient with left frontal lobe epilepsy

Cho, Yang-Je,Han, Sang-Don,Song, Sook Keun,Lee, Byung In,Heo, Kyoung Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2009 Epilepsia Vol.50 No.6

<P>Summary</P><P>Palilalia is a relatively rare pathologic speech behavior and has been reported in various neurologic and psychiatric disorders. We encountered a case of palilalia, echolalia, and echopraxia–palipraxia as ictal phenomena of left frontal lobe epilepsy. A 55-year-old, right-handed man was admitted because of frequent episodes of rapid reiteration of syllables. Video-electroencephalography monitoring revealed stereotypical episodes of palilalia accompanied by rhythmic head nodding and right-arm posturing with ictal discharges over the left frontocentral area. He also displayed echolalia or echopraxia–palipraxia, partially responding to an examiner’s stimulus. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed encephalomalacia on the left superior frontal gyrus and ictal single photon emission computed tomography showed hyperperfusion just above the lesion, corresponding to the left supplementary motor area (SMA), and subcortical nuclei. This result suggests that the neuroanatomic substrate involved in the generation of these behaviors as ictal phenomena might exist in the SMA of the left frontal lobe.</P>

Asymmetric Michael Reaction of Malonate Derivatives with α, β-Unsaturated Ketones

Cho, Min-Je,Cho, Myoung-Gi,Huh, Sun-Chul,Kim, Sung-Min,Lee, Kil-sung,Koh, Kwang-Oh,Mang, Joo-Yang,Kim, Dae-Young Korean Chemical Society 2006 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.27 No.6

The catalytic enantioselective Michael reaction promoted by quaternary ammonium salts from Cinchona alkaloids as a phase-transfer catalyst is described. Treatment of malonates with $\alpha$,$\beta$-unsaturated ketones under mild reaction conditions afforded the corresponding Michael adducts in good yields with good to moderate enantiomeric excesses.

Long-term efficacy and tolerability of topiramate as add-on therapy in refractory partial epilepsy: An observational study

Cho, Yang-Je,Heo, Kyoung,Kim, Won-Joo,Jang, Sang Hyun,Jung, Yo Han,Ye, Byoung Seok,Song, Dong Beom,In Lee, Byung Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2009 Epilepsia Vol.50 No.8

<P>Summary</P><P><U>Purpose:</U> </P><P>To evaluate the long-term efficacy and tolerability of topiramate (TPM) as add-on therapy in patients with refractory partial epilepsy.</P><P><U>Methods:</U> </P><P>This is a retrospective, single-center, long-term observational study. Patients fulfilling the criteria of medical intractability proposed by Berg et al. were entered into the study if they were newly prescribed TPM as add-on therapy between January 2000 and June 2002. The usual starting dosage of TPM was 50 mg/day and optimal-dose adjustments were made according to individual clinical responses. Efficacy and tolerability were analyzed every year during 5-year follow-up in the “intention-to-treat (ITT) population.” Retention rate was estimated by Kaplan-Meyer analysis.</P><P><U>Results:</U> </P><P>A total of 125 patients were included in the study and 107 patients (85.6%) were followed for 5 years. Retention rate was 87.2% at 1 year and 64% at 5 years. At the end of 5 years, the median seizure frequency reduction rate was 69.0% and responder rate was 43.2% in the ITT population. Cumulative seizure-free rate (SFR) was 30.4% and the terminal 1-year SFR was 12.8% in the ITT population (20.0% in completers) at 5-year follow-up. Adverse events (AEs) occurred in 39.2% of patients, including significant AEs leading to antiepileptic drug (AED) withdrawal in 14.4%. The most common AEs were anorexia (16.0%), weight loss (10.4%), and gastrointestinal symptoms (8.8%). Concomitant AEDs were reduced in 25.0% of the completers.</P><P><U>Discussion:</U> </P><P>Low-dose and slow-dose escalation of TPM in add-on therapy for patients with refractory partial epilepsy is effective and well tolerated in long-term, individualized clinical practice.</P>

Bacterial DNA Containing Methylated CpG Motifs Retains Immunostimulatory Activity in Synergy with Modified Lipopolysaccharides

Cho, Yang Je,Ahn, Bo Young,Song, Eun Sun,Park, Shin Ae,Lee, Dong Hyeon,Kim, Doo-Sik,Lee, Na Gyong Wiley Blackwell (Blackwell Publishing) 2007 Microbiology and immunology Vol.51 No.2

<P>We previously described the immunostimulatory activity of CIA07, a combination of bacterial DNA fragments and modified LPS, and demonstrated that CIA07 has antitumor activity in a mouse bladder cancer model. In this study, we investigated whether methylation of the CpG motifs on the bacterial DNA fragments affects the immunostimulatory potential of CIA07. E. coli DNA fragments were methylated with CpG methylase, and then combined with modified LPS for experiments. Our results revealed that methylated CIA07 (mCIA07) and unmethylated CIA07 were equally active in inducing cytokine secretion from human whole blood cells. In addition, both methylated DNA fragments and mCIA07 retained the ability to activate expression and nuclear translocation of NF-κB in RAW 264.7 cells. Finally, methylated DNA fragments and mCIA07 exhibited an antitumor activity comparable to those of their unmethylated counterparts in our mouse bladder cancer model. These data demonstrate that CpG methylation of E. coli DNA does not abrogate the immunostimulatory activity of DNA fragments or CIA07, suggesting that the synergistic activity by bacterial DNA in combination with LPS may be independent of the methylation status of CpG motifs.</P>

Effect of <i>Betula platyphylla</i> var. <i>japonica</i> on Proteoglycan Release, Type II Collagen Degradation, and Matrix Metalloproteinase Expression in Rabbit Articular Cartilage Explants

Cho, Yoon-Je,Huh, Jeong-Eun,Kim, Deog-Yoon,Kim, Nam-Jae,Lee, Jae-Dong,Baek, Yong-Hyeon,Cho, Eun-Mi,Yang, Ha-Ru,Choi, Do-Young,Park, Dong-Suk Pharmaceutical Society of Japan 2006 BIOLOGICAL & PHARMACEUTICAL BULLETIN Vol.29 No.7

<P>Articular cartilage is a potential target for drugs designed to inhibit the activity of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) to stop or slow the destruction of proteoglycan and collagen in the cartilage extracellular matrix. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of <I>Betula platyphylla</I> var. <I>japonica</I> on inhibiting the release of glycosaminoglycan (GAG), the degradation of collagen, and MMP expression and activity in rabbit articular cartilage explants. Interleukin-1α (IL-1α) rapidly induced GAG, but collagen was much less readily released from cartilage explants. <I>Betula platyphylla</I> var. <I>japonica</I> significantly inhibited GAG and collagen release in a concentration-dependent manner. <I>Betula platyphylla</I> var. <I>japonica</I> dose-dependently inhibited MMP-3 and MMP-13 expression and activities from IL-1α-treated cartilage explant culture when tested at concentrations ranging from 0.02 to 0.2 mg/ml. <I>Betula platyphylla</I> var. <I>japonica</I> had no harmful effect on chondrocyte viability or cartilage morphology in cartilage explants. Histological analysis indicated that <I>Betula platyphylla</I> var. <I>japonica</I> reduced the degradation of the cartilage matrix compared with that of IL-1α-treated cartilage explants. These results indicate that <I>Betula platyphylla</I> var. <I>japonica</I> inhibits the degradation of proteoglycan and collagen through the down regulation of MMP-3 and MMP-13 expression and activities without affecting the viability or morphology of IL-1α-stimulated rabbit articular cartilage explants.</P>

Effect of Betula platyphylla var. japonica on Proteoglycan Release, Type Ⅱ Collagen Degradation, and Matrix Metalloproteinase Expression in Rabbit Articular Cartilage Explants

CHO, Yoon-Je,HUH, Jeong-Eun,KIM, Deog-Yoon,KIM, Nam-Jae,LEE, Jae-Dong,BAEK, Yong-Hyeon,CHO, Eun-Mi,YANG, Ha-Ru,CHOI, Do-Young,PARK, Dong-Suk 경희대학교 동서의학연구소 2006 東西醫學硏究所 論文集 Vol.2006 No.-

Articular cartilage is a potential target for drugs designed to inhibit the activity of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) to stop or slow the destruction of proteoglycan and collagen in the cartilage extracellular matrix. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of Betula platyphylla var. japonica on inhibiting the release of glycosaminoglycan (GAG), the degradation of collagen, and MMP expression and activity in rabbit articular cartilage explants. Interleukin-1α (IL-1α) rapidly induced GAG, but collagen was much less readily relesed from cartilage explants. Betula platyphylla var. japonica significantly inhibited GAG and collagen release in a concentration-dependent manner. Betula platyphylla var. japonica dose-dependently inhibited MMP-3 and MMP-13 expression and activities from IL-1α-treated cartilage explant culture when tested at concentrations ranging from 0.02 to 0.2 mg/ml. Betula platyphylla vac japonica had no harmful effect on chondrocyte viability or cartilage morphology in cartilage explants. Histological analysis indicated that Betula platyphylla var. japonica reduced the degradation of the cartilage matrix compared with that of IL-1α-treated cartilage explants. These results indicate that Betula platyphylla var. japonica inhibits the degradation of proteoglycan and collagen through the down regulation of MMP-3 and MMP-13 expression and activities without affecting the viability or morphology, of IL-1α-stimulated rabbit articular cartilage explants.