Involvement of Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase/Akt Signaling Pathway in β1 Integrin-Mediated Internalization of Staphylococcus aureus by Alveolar Epithelial Cells

Jia-He Wang,Ke Zhang,Nan Wang,Xiao-Min Qiu,Yi-Bing Wang,Ping He 한국미생물학회 2013 The journal of microbiology Vol.51 No.5

The invasion of Staphylococcus aureus into alveolar epithelial cells is regarded as the key step for S. aureus lung infection. However, the mechanism of internalization of S. aureus by alveolar epithelial cells is not clear, and was the aim of this investigation Human lung adenocarcinomic epithelial cells and A549 cells were used. Human β1 integrin and rat β1 integrin were detected by real-time reverse transcription (RT)-PCR. The expressions of β1 integrin, Akt and p-Akt were detected by Western blot analysis. To further investigate the role of β1 integrin in S. aureus internalization by alveolar epithelial cells, we next performed siRNA-mediated knockdown of β1 integrin expression. In this study, we found that S. aureus invades human alveolar epithelial cells and rat primary alveolar epithelial cells. The β1 integrin ligand competitive inhibitor, GRGDS-peptide, blocked the internalization of S. aureus by A549 cells. Knockdown of β1integrin also inhibited the internalization of S. aureus. In addition, the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway in alveolar epithelial cells was activated by the infection with S. aureus. Furthermore, Akt phosphorylation was abolished by transient transfection with β1 integrin siRNA in A549 cells challenged with S. aureus. Our results suggest that the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt signaling pathway plays an important role in β1 integrin-mediated internalization of S. aureus by alveolar epithelial cells.

Jolkinolide B from Euphorbia fischeriana Steud Induces Apoptosis in Human Leukemic U937 Cells through PI3K/Akt and XIAP Pathways

Jia-He Wang,Yi-Jun Zhou,Xue Bai,Ping He 한국분자세포생물학회 2011 Molecules and cells Vol.32 No.5

Jolkinolide B, a bioactive diterpene isolated from the roots of Euphorbia fischeriana Steud, is known to induce apoptosis in cancer cells. However, the molecular mecha-nism of its anti-cancer activity has not been fully eluci-dated. In the present study, we found that Jolkinolide B reduced cell viability and induced apoptosis in a dose- and time-dependent manner in human leukemic U937. The induction of apoptosis was also accompanied by the downregulation of PI3K/Akt and the inhibitor of apoptosis protein (IAP) family proteins. Moreover, we observed that Jolkinolide B treatment resulted in activation of caspase-3 and -9, which may partly explain the anti-cancer activity of Jolkinolide B. Taken together, our study for the first time suggest that Jolkinolide B is able to enhance apoptosis of U937 cells, at least in part, through downregulation of PI3K/Akt and IAP family proteins. Moreover, triggering of caspase-3 and -9 activation mediated apoptotic induction.

2-Hydroxy-3-methylanthraquinone from Hedyotis diffusa Willd induces apoptosis in human leukemic U937 cells through modulation of MAPK pathways

Nan Wang,Dong-Yang Li,Hui-Yan Niu,Yi Zhang,Ping He,Jia-He Wang 대한약학회 2013 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.36 No.6

The herb of Hedyotis diffusa Willd (H. diffusaWilld), an annual herb distributed in northeastern Asia, hasbeen known as a traditional orientalmedicine for the treatmentof cancer. Recently, Chinese researchers have discovered thattwo anthraquinones isolated from a water extract of H. diffusaWilld showed apoptosis-inducing effects against cancer cells. However, the cellular and molecular mechanisms responsiblefor this phenomenon are poorly understood. The current studydetermines the role of mitogen-activated protein kinases(MAPK) in human leukemic U937 cells apoptosis inducedby 2-hydroxy-3-methylanthraquinone from H. diffusa. Ourresults showed that 2-hydroxy-3-methylanthraquinone decreasedphosphorylation-ERK1/2 (p-ERK1/2), and increasedp-p38MAPK, but did not affect expressions of p-JNK1/2 inU937 cells. Moreover, treatment of U937 cells with2-hydroxy-3-methylanthraquinone resulted in activation ofcaspase-3. Furthermore, PD98059 (ERK1/2 inhibitor)significantly enhanced 2-hydroxy-3-methylanthraquinoneinducedapoptosis in U937 cells, whereas caspase-3 inhibitoror SB203580 (p-p38MAPK inhibitor), decreased apoptosis inU937 cells. Taken together, our study for the first time suggeststhat 2-hydroxy-3-methylanthraquinone is able toenhance apoptosis of U937 cells, at least in part, throughactivation of p-p38MAPK and downregulation of p-ERK1/2. Moreover, the triggering of caspase-3 activation mediatedapoptotic induction.

Complete ¹H-NMR and <SUP>13</SUP>C-NMR spectral assignment of five malonyl ginsenosides from the fresh flower buds of Panax ginseng

Yu-Shuai Wang,Yin-Ping Jin,Wei Gao,Sheng-Yuan Xiao,Yu-Wei Zhang,Pei-He Zheng,Jia Wang,Jun-Xia Liu,Cheng-He Sun,Ying-Ping Wang 고려인삼학회 2016 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.40 No.3

Background: Ginsenosides are the major effective ingredients responsible for the pharmacological effects of ginseng. Malonyl ginsenosides are natural ginsenosides that contain a malonyl group attached to a glucose unit of the corresponding neutral ginsenosides. Methods: Medium-pressure liquid chromatography and semipreparative high-performance liquid chromatography were used to isolate purified compounds and their structures determined by extensive one-dimensional- and two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) experiments. Results: A new saponin, namely malonyl-ginsenoside Re, was isolated from the fresh flower buds of Panax ginseng, along with malonyl-ginsenosides Rb1, Rb2, Rc, Rd. Some assignments for previously published ¹H- and <SUP>13</SUP>C-NMR spectra were found to be inaccurate. Conclusion: This study reports the complete NMR assignment of malonyl-ginsenoside Re, Rb₁, Rb₂, Rc, and Rd for the first time.

Development and Validation of Nomograms to Provide Individualized Predictions of Sur-vival Benefits from Surgery in Patients with Intermediate/Advanced Hepatocel-lular Carcinoma

( Wen-tao Yan ),( Jia-he Wang ),( Ming-da Wang ),( Zheng Wang ),( Bing Quan ),( Ya-hao Zhou ),( Wei-min Gu ),( Hong Wang ),( Ting-hao Chen ),( Tian Yang ) 대한간학회 2018 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2018 No.1

Aims: According to the BCLC treatment guidelines, surgery does not be recommended for intermediate/advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In real world, however, liver resections are often performed in patients with intermediate/ advanced but resectable HCC, especially in the East. Methods: We retrospectively evaluated multicentric data of 1,325 patients newly diagnosed with intermediate/advanced HCC who underwent curative resection. We randomly divided the subjects into development (n = 875) and validation (n = 450) samples. Multivariate Cox proportional hazards models were developed and separately validated on the basis of patients’ clinicopathological variables assessed for associations with 1-year recurrence and 3-year mortality. The discriminatory accuracy of these models was compared with conventional tools by analyzing receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. Results: He statistical nomograms built based on performance status, Child-Pugh grade, portal hypertension, preoperative alpha-fetoprotein level, tumor rupture, largest tumor diameter, tumor number, macrovascular and microvascular invasion, and satellites had good calibration and discriminatory abilities, with c-indices of 0.70 (1-year recurrence) and 0.68 (3-year survival), respectively. These models showed satisfactory goodness-of-fit and discrimination abilities in the validation cohort (c-index, 0.68 for 1-year recurrence and 0.69 for 3-year survival). The areas under the ROC curve using these nomograms exceeded those of traditional staging systems, indicating superior discriminatory capability (c-indices, 0.60-0.63 and 0.56-0.62, respectively). Conclusions: Our proposed online nomograms, which present graphically postoperative prognostic models for recurrence and survival in patients with intermediate/advanced but resectable HCC, offer valuable guidance to surgeons and hepatologists for individually predicting survival benefits from surgery and planning recurrence surveillance and adjuvant therapy.

Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms of the GnRHR Gene Associated with Reproductive Traits of Japanese Flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus)

He, Feng,Wen, Hai-Shen,Li, Ji-Fang,Yu, Da-Hui,Ma, Rui-Qin,Shi, Dan,Mu, Wei-Jie,Zhang, Yuan-Qing,Hu, Jian,Liu, Miao,Han, Wei-Guo,Zhang, Jia-Nan,Wang, Qing-Qing,Yuan, Yu-Ren,Liu, Qun Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2011 Animal Bioscience Vol.24 No.4

Gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor (GnRHR) gene is expressed at the anterior pituitary gland and plays a key role in gonad development. This study aimed to investigate molecular genetic characteristics of the GnRHR gene and elucidate the effects of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of GnRHR gene on sex steroid level in Japanese flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus). We used polymerase chain reaction single-strand conformation polymorphism (PCR-SSCP) and sequencing of the GnRHR gene in 75 individuals. We identified three SNPs in the GnRHR gene: P1 locus (C759A and C830T) in the coding region of exon2 which were both linked together and P2 locus (G984T) in the coding region of exon3, which added a new transcript factor (ADR1) and a new methylation site (CG). Only C830T of P1 leads to amino acid changes Thr266Ile. Statistical analysis showed that P1 was significantly associated with $17{\beta}$-estradiol ($E_2$) level (p<0.01) and gonadosomatic index (GSI) (p<0.05). Individuals with genotype BB of P1 had significantly higher serum $E_2$ levels (p<0.01) and GSI (p<0.05) than those of genotype AA or AB. Another SNP, P2, synonymous mutation, was significantly associated with GSI (p<0.05). Individuals with genotype AB of P2 had significantly higher GSI (p<0.05) than that of genotype AA. In addition, there was a significant association between one diplotype based on three SNPs and reproductive traits. The genetic effects for both serum $E_2$ level and GSI of diplotype D4 were super diplotypes (p<0.05). These results suggest that the SNPs in Japanese Flounder GnRHR are associated with $E_2$ level and GSI.

Spectrum- and Energy- Efficiency Analysis Under Sensing Delay Constraint for Cognitive Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Networks

Jia Zhang,Jun Wu,Zehao Chen,Ze Chen,Jipeng Gan,Jiangtao He,Bangyu Wang 한국인터넷정보학회 2022 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.16 No.4

In order to meet the rapid development of the unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) communication needs, cooperative spectrum sensing (CSS) helps to identify unused spectrum for the primary users (PU). However, multi-UAV mode (MUM) requires the large communication resource in a cognitive UAV network, resulting in a severe decline of spectrum efficiency (SE) and energy efficiency (EE) and increase of energy consumption (EC). On this account, we extend the traditional 2D spectrum space to 3D spectrum space for the UAV network scenario and enable UAVs to proceed with spectrum sensing behaviors in this paper, and propose a novel multi-slot mode (MSM), in which the sensing slot is divided into multiple mini-slots within a UAV. Then, the CSS process is developed into a composite hypothesis testing problem. Furthermore, to improve SE and EE and reduce EC, we use the sequential detection to make a global decision about the PU channel status. Based on this, we also consider a truncation scenario of the sequential detection under the sensing delay constraint, and further derive a closed-form performance expression, in terms of the CSS performance and cooperative efficiency. At last, the simulation results verify that the performance and cooperative efficiency of MSM outperforms that of the traditional MUM in a low EC.

Fall Detection Algorithm for the Elderly Based on Human Characteristic Matrix and SVM

WANG Rui-dong,ZHANG Yong-liang,DONG Ling-ping,LU Jia-wei,ZHANG Zhi-qin,HE Xia 제어로봇시스템학회 2015 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2015 No.10

Fall is one of the leading causes of injury and death for the elderly. Real-time fall detection is of great significance for the safety of the elderly. This paper proposes a coarse to fine fall detection algorithm based on Human characteristic matrix and Support Vector Machine (SVM). First, background subtraction and morphological processing are used to obtain more accurately human silhouette. Then, two human characteristic matrices are constructed based on Hu-moment invariant and the information of human body posture extracted from human silhouette and are used as features to train SVM classifier for fall detection. Experimental results indicate that the proposed algorithm can distinguish fall event from other movements such as squat, sitting down and back turning. Compared with other common methods, the proposed method can real-time and efficiently track the video with 18 frames per second.

Spectroscopic Determination of the Species Fractions and the Power Profiles of the Diagnostic Neutral Beam on the HT-7 Tokamak

Jia Fu,Yuejiang Shi,Yingying Li,Fudi Wang,Sheng Liu,Jian Zhang,Jun Li,Yiyyun Huang,Yuanlai Xie,Zhimin Liu,Chundong Hu,Chundong Hu,DNB Team,William Rowan,He Huang 한국물리학회 2011 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.58 No.5

A diagnostic neutral beam (DNB) has been installed on the HT-7 tokamak for the measurement of charge exchange recombination spectroscopy (CXRS). The H_α-light Doppler shift spectroscopy from the drifted duct is measured to determine the components of the neutral beam. The fractions of neutral beam species are investigated under a wide range of arc voltages and extraction high voltages of the beam aimed to the optimized species fractions for the CXRS applications. A magnet ring is used to improve the magnetic property of the ion source. The result shows that the full-energy component fractions increase from 19 to 25 percent with optimization of the beam operation, but with a dramatic increase of the water component. There are nine optical fiber channels observing one section of the beam simultaneously for this spectroscopy, which provides information of the power profiles of the beam. The full width at half maximum (FWHM) of the beam profile is 8 cm, as measured by using the spectroscopy.

Cloning and Biochemical Characterization of a Hyaluronate Lyase from Bacillus sp. CQMU-D

Wang Lu,Liu Qianqian,Gong Xue,Jian Wenwen,Cui Yihong,Jia Qianying,Zhang Jibei,Zhang Yi,Guo Yanan,Lu He,Tu Zeng 한국미생물·생명공학회 2023 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.33 No.2

Hyaluronidase (HAase) can enhance drug diffusion and dissipate edema by degrading hyaluronic acid (HA) in the extracellular matrix into unsaturated HA oligosaccharides in mammalian tissues. Microorganisms are recognized as valuable sources of HAase. In this study, a new hyaluronate lyase (HAaseD) from Bacillus sp. CQMU-D was expressed in Escherichia coli BL21, purified, and characterized. The results showed that HAaseD belonged to the polysaccharide lyase (PL) 8 family and had a molecular weight of 123 kDa. HAaseD could degrade chondroitin sulfate (CS) -A, CS-B, CSC, and HA, with the highest activity toward HA. The optimum temperature and pH value of HAaseD were 40°C and 7.0, respectively. In addition, HAaseD retained stability in an alkaline environment and displayed higher activity with appropriate concentrations of metal ions. Moreover, HAaseD was an endolytic hyaluronate lyase that could degrade HA to produce unsaturated HA oligosaccharides. Together, our findings indicate that HAaseD from Bacillus sp. CQMU-D is a new hyaluronate lyase and with excellent potential for application in industrial production.