조사연구에서 표본설계에 대한 고찰

양철호,양선화,신봉관,조지현 동신대학교 2005 論文集 Vol.15 No.-

Most of the survey research are conducted with samples. Thus, representativeness of the samples is crucial for the sound research. Reports of the various survey research were analized. The results of the analysis showed that different ways of sampling methods were utilized in various studies in order to ensure the selection of unbiased samples under the circumstances of purpose and population of the survey.

β-d-glucopyranose에 대한 순이론적 연구: 4C1chairform

양지현, 안익성, 민병진 배재대학교 자연과학연구소 2013 自然科學論文集 Vol.24 No.1

In this study, we have investigated potential energies of β-D glucopyranose in vacuum using QM and MM methods. In QM calculation, the local minimum geometries have been optimized in the level of B3LYP/6-311++G**. And we use AMBER package program and GLYCAM_06 force field for MM optimization. As a consequence, we confirm that GLYCAM_06 force field matched QM calculation roughly.

Epidermal Growth Factor가 돼지 난자의 성숙과정동안 미토콘드리아 기능 향상에 미치는 영향

양욱현, 김은지, 최향순, Qinyue Lu, Zhi Chen, 허근 충북대학교 농업과학기술연구소 2023 農業科學硏究 Vol.39 No.1

본문참조

소뇌 출혈을 동반한 침입성 부비동 아스페르길루스증 1예

양현덕,박성욱,손일홍,이지용,석승한,조광호,이성수 圓光大學校 醫科學硏究所 2003 圓光醫科學 Vol.18 No.2

오매의 에틸아세테이트 추출물이 Staphylococcus aureus의 증식에 미치는 영향

양미옥,백지현 동아시아식생활학회 2002 동아시아식생활학회지 Vol.12 No.3

The dried Prunus mume, an alkaline food abundant in organic acids (citric acid, malic acid and tartaric acid), has been largely used in both folklore remedies and Chinese herbal medicine for a long time. This study was performed to investigate the antimicrobial activity of the dried Prunus mume. The fractionation of the methanol extracts from Prunus mume was conducted using petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate and butanol, respectively. The antimicrobial activity of the Prunus mume extracts was then determined against food-borne pathogens using a paper disc method. The ethyl acetate extract showed the strongest antimicrobial activity against the eight food-born pathogens used in this present study. Diaion HP 20 column chromatography was performed to remove some sugars that might inhibit the antimicrobial activity of Prunus mume. The strongest antimicrobial activity of ethyl acetate fraction of Prunus mume was shown against Staphylococcus aureus. The growth inhibition curve was determined using ethyl acetate extracts of Prunus mume against Staphylococcus aureus, which showed the growth inhibition up to 72 hours at 1,000 ppm concentration.

濟大 學生生活指導의 改善方向 探索

玄惠慶,姜志勇,許鐵洙,梁奇千 濟州大學校 學生生活硏究所 1982 學生生活硏究 Vol.5 No.-

A. The necessity and purpose of the study Since 1960s the number of university and college students has increased due to the rapid industrial development which requires more technical and intellectual persons. Also the upward spreading effects of education with generalization of secondary education have increased the social demands of liberal education, which expedite university students' diversity and heterogeneity. Therefore, the problems of students are no longer those of school authorities, but expand into social and national problems. Recently most of university in Korea have put more emphasis on the rearrangement and reinforcement of Student Guidance System. Especially, in case of Jeju National University, taking into considerations the special geographical conditions far away from the Korean mainland, and transitional stage on which JNU was promoted to national full-university status, along with the unification of campuses, the more careful interests and efforts are required for student guidance. This study was conducted with a view to providing the opportunities of educational and social specialization of student guidance. The following are the purpose of this study: 1) To set up directions for student guidance which can carry out the role and function of the university. 2) To consider, in the aspect of education, the main factors which influence the problems of university students. 3) To find out the difference between the problems of students' demand and abilty and realities of guidance, by comparing and analyzing present guidance realities between universities. 4) To offer improvement directions for efficient student guidances. B. The scope and contents of the study 1) The problem of student guidance in view of the purpose and function of a university. 2) The fundamental viewpoint of guidance in university 3) A theoretical investigation for efficient student guidance 4) A root cause of student problems 5) The present condition and problems of student guidance 6) Improvement directions for guidance C. The method of the study 1) To analyze the domestic data as well as foreign data 2) To analyze the questionnaire 3) To analyze the results of guidance through the actual result reports of student guidance 4) To analyze various data of student guidance 5) To represent by percentage(%) the realities and problems of student guidance D. The problematic factors of student guidance in the light of purpose and function of a university 1) The original purpose and functions of university are the acquisition of knowledge the transmission of knowledge, and application of knowledge. They are based on the wholemen community of intellectuals in which research, education, and service are determined to be prime mission, but hasn't well been fulfilled because of the present special situations of Korea. 2) In the expectations of university's roles, it is becoming important to harmonize the real desire of administrative officials, intellectual desire of professors, and idealistic of students with each other. 3) A university's research function of creating academic atmosphere is very unsatisfactory. 4) The relationship between professors and students, and even among students hasn't well progressed because of excessive solicitude of omission by graduation quota system as well as full classes. And cultural education is not conducting effectively because it is very fragmentary and formal. 5) The chaos is being produced about the establishment of concept of community service given to university education, the ways and limitations of participation in society and actual world. E. The viewpoint of student guidance The contents and methods of student guidance are decided according to the view of students to be the subject of guidance. In the reformative viewpoint of student guidance by educative instruction methods, main method of guidance are authority, blind obediance, cramming, subjectivity, control, rectification. From the educative viewpoint of student guidance, self-direction can be possible by means of students' interest, desire and ability. Future student guidance must be conducted to develop their potentiality and natural ability of growth without external force or blind gramming. F. Following theoretical investigation were enforced in order to establish effective directions for student guidance. 1) The concept and purpose of the orientation for freshmen and its basic policy and contents 2) The necessity and contents of department arrangement guidance 3) The practice of alloted academic adviser system 4) The educational functions, necessity, and meaning of campus extracurricular activity 5) The role and function of student government(SNDC) 6) The welfare and scholarship system for students G. As a result of a selection of root causes of student problems from the introspection, the following were important order of immediate and expected problems 1405 freshmen; 1. Studies Problem(40.3%) 2. Course problem(36.4%) 3. Economic life problem(36.9%) 4. Social fitness Problem(26.7%) 5. Health Problem(16.0%) The investigation consequence for sophomore and junior are following; 1. A course Problem(35.2%) 2. Economic life problem(35.4%) 3. Human relation problem between professor and student(35.2%), and a good use problem of spare time(35.2%) 4. Studies problem(26.4%) H. The problems were revealed by a statistics which were investigated and analyzed realities of student guidance as follows, respectively: 1. In the orientation for fresh, it is emphatic to give only a information, the program of a important purpose in an orientation that are helpful to initiation of university life with a safety emotionally by withdrawing from strain from strange environment is making light of. 2. In the guidance of a department choice, department allocation by a record is making without giving a chance searching for self-characteristic like aptitude or hobbies, the guidance plan and materials of objectivity are not prepared, and the chance choosing carefully comes very short of. 3. In the management of partial charge professors system, the relation position between professor and student is very formal because, as a matter of fact, it is meaningfulness to guide students from a professor is responsible for guidance of so many students, director of professors are in want of the whole recognition about guidance contents. 4. Though the circle activities are very important as an educational function, a director professors of a circle has charge of guidance for so many students, the activities without purpose consciousness are unfolding, the activities with interest and recreation mainly are rich in, and the activities for enlightenment sound activity model which gets a value experience are situation insufficiency itself. 5. In the activities and management of Student Body, he is not accomplishing plan and function by nature, the activities and management individual and new are very lack owing to emphasis of events centre and actual results centre. And the appearance of making heteronomy now that he is not also chose relation to the circles in SNDC is more and more deepening. 6. The lower organization taking charge of students guidance specially in managent of the students guidance institute are in need, the number of specialists are for want of, it is just so formal to run the students guidance institute because the institute's finance is in very poverty, its originally functions are not accomplishing due to the consultation mood in consultation room is stiff. 7. Our university lacks in research facilities and mental incentive with regard to student welfare function. I. I am directing the way of student guidance for withdrawing from and getting rid of the problems revealing, concerning the students guidance to the best of his ability by the realities of students problems as follows; First, the investigation and research activities and assistance understanding and helping students have to provide in the side of prevention of problems by understanding university students' nature consciousness and characteristic regularly. Second, students' spontaneous participation, the development of interesting and useful programmes, and faculty members' active supports & guidance should be given to obtain effective result of fresh's orientation. Third, school authorities should provide freshmen with opportunity to judge their aptitudes from the time of entrance by holding orientation several times, and by offering detailed informations on the department selection. Fourth, The academic & human relations between professors and students should be maintained through proper enforcement of alloted academic professor system. Fifth, every circle and club should established proper and patent objectivities of activity, and try, to create and introduce useful and interesting programmes in order to promote an educational function of each circle and club. Sixth, in order to eleminate the gap between students and Students Government, students should take deep interests in Student Body's activity, while Student Body should develop academic and literary activity to promote students research activities. Seventh, in order to promote the function of Student Guidance Institute, there should be secured expert staff for smooth counselling, investigation and employment guide as well as financial and administrative support of school authorities. Finally, university authorities should organize several institute such as student welfare committee(institute) so that they might grasp what student opinions & desire are and make students lead comfortable campus lives.

제주 지역의 B형 간염 바이러스 유전자형

조지현,박도심,김태현,염주진,김학철,문주현,양재식 대한간학회 2004 Clinical and Molecular Hepatology(대한간학회지) Vol.10 No.1

목적: HBV 감염이 무증상의 자연 회복부터 간경변 혹은 간세포성 간암까지 다양하게 나타나는 요인들로 숙주의 요인과 바이러스의 요인으로 구분되어 제시되는데, 바이러스 요인으로는 감염된 바이러스이 유형이나 염기 변이들이 논의된다. HBV 유형을 구분하는 데는 혈청형과 유전자형이 이용되는데 근자에는 주로 유전자형이 이용된다. 이러한 HBV의 분포는 지역적으로 다르나 지역에 따라서 다른 유형들이 혼재되어 있다. 동남아시아는 B형이지만 극동아시아는 C형으로 알려져 있으며, 대만과 오키나와에서는 B와 C형이 혼재되어 나타난다. 이러한 결과로 미루어 보아 우리 나라의 남부지역에서는 B과 C형이 혼재되어 있을 가능성이 있다. 이에 본 연구는 제주 지역에서 HBV의 유전자형을 조사하고자 하였다. 대상과 방법: 원적지가 제주도이면사, HBsAg가 양성이었던 107명(평균 연령: 46.5세)을 대상으로 하였다. 이들의 혈청으로부터 HBsAg/antiHBe를 분석하고, DNA를 추출하여 7개의 유전자형에 따라 특이성을 갖는 시발체(genotype specific primer)들을 이용하여 PCR로 증폭한 후 이를 분석하였다. 주된 유전자형의 일부와 다른 유형에서 증폭에 이용되었던 시발체를 다르게 이용하여 hemi nested PCR로 증폭한 후 염기를 분석하여 계통발생학적 분석법을 이용하였다. 결과: 1. PCR에 의한 HBV DNA 양성은 107명 중 59명(55.1%)이 양성이었다. HBeAg/anti HBe의 발현 양태에 따라 음성/음성에서 2명(66.7%), 음성/양성에서 30명(41.1%), 양성/음성에서 24명(85.7%), 양성/양성에서는 3명(100%)에서 증폭되었다. 2. Multiplex PCR에서는 58명의 유전자형이 C형, 1명에서는 B형과 C형이 동반 출현하였다. 3. Genotype specific primer를 이용하여 각각 따로 PCR을 시행한 경우에 A형에 의하여 증폭된 예가 1예, B형에 의하여 증폭된 예가 1예, C형에 의하여 증폭된 예가 59예로 A형과 B형 모두가 C형에서 증폭된 예였다. 4. 한 쌍의 시발체에 의하여 증폭되었던 A형과 B형 및 C형의 일부에서 염기를 분석한 결과 모두 C 유전자형이었다. 결론: HBsAg이 양성인 제주 지역 주민의 HBV의 유전자형은 C형일 것으로 생각된다. Background/Aims: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) was classified into 8 genotypes by a sequence divergence in the entire genome designated from A o H. HBV genotypes have distinct geographic distributions. Recently, HBV genotypes have been partially found as influencing the clinical manifestation of chronic liver disease in hosts. In Korea, the distribution of HBV genotypes remains unclear. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of the HBV genotype on Jeju Island. Methods: Hepatitis B virus genotypes were evaluated among 107 hepatitis B carriers residing on Jeju Island. We used single PCR and multiplex-PCR assay with genotype-specific primer pairs for HBV genotypes A-F for the genotyping. Results: 1. Fifty nine samples (55%) were positive for HBV DNA. The positivity was different according to the pattern of HBeAg/anti-HBe expression, as -/-; 2/3 (66.7%), -/+; 30/73 (30%), +/-; 24/28 (85.7%) and +/+; 3/3 (100%). 2. In the single primer set of genotype-specific PCR, 59 samples (100%) were detected as genotype C and 2 (3%) were also detected as genotype A and B. 3. In multiplex-PCR, 58 samples (98%) were detected as genotype C and only one (2%) as a mixed pattern of genotype B and C. 4. When the PCR products were amplified with universal sense and genotype specific anti-sense from one genotype A, one B, and 2 C, all were included in genotype C. Conclusions: These results suggest that on Juju Island, almost all HBV genotypes are C.(Korean J Hepatol 2004;10:42-50)

나사형 임플란트 고정체의 길이, 직경, 플랫폼 형태에 따른 임플란트와 주위조직의 응력분포

강지은,정현주,양홍서 전남대학교 치의학연구소 2002 구강과학 Vol.14 No.1

Seven finite element models were constructed in mandible having single screw-type implant fixture connected to the second premolar-shaped superstructure, in order to evaluate how the length, diameter and platform shape of a screw-type fixture influence the stress in the supporting tissue around fixtures. The superstructure were made using UCLA abutment, and connected to the fixture with abutment screw. Each finite element model was varied in terms of length, diameter, and platform shape of the fixture according to the commercial fixture(3i Implant Innovations Inc, Palm Beach Gardens, FL33410, USA) while the superstructure and the mandible with a single fixture placed in it shared no difference in terms of appearance. In each model, 250N of vertical load was placed on the central pit of an occlusal plane and 250N of oblique load placed on the buccal cusp. The stress distribution in the supporting tissue and the other components was analysed using 2-dimensional Finite element analysis and the maximum stress in each reference area was compared. 1. Under lateral loading, the stress was larger in the larger in the abutment/fixture interface, and in the crestal bone, compared to the stress pattern under vertical loading. 2. The amount of stress at the superstructure was similar regardless of the length, diameter and platform shape of a fixture. 3. Around the longer fixture, the stress was decreased at the bone crest and subjacent cancellous bone and increased in the cancellous bone area apical to the fixture. 4. Around the wider fixture, the stress was decreased at the abutment/fixture interface, and the bone crest and increased in the cancellous bone area apical to the fixture. 5. Around the fixture having wider platform, less stress was resulted at the abutnent/fixture interface and the upper part of the cortical bone, compared to the fixture having standard platform. In short, the stress distribution of the supporting tissue was affected by length, diameter, and platform shape of a fixture, and the fixture which was larger in diameter and length could reduce the stress in the supporting tissues at the bone-fixture interface and bone crest area.

신규간호사와 프리셉터가 인지하는 프리셉터의 교수효율성 비교

김지양,김영선,김춘실,박현숙,신미영,윤연숙,조유숙,박미미,유문숙 한국간호과학회 간호행정학회 2009 간호행정학회지 Vol.15 No.2

Objective: The purpose of this study was to compare preceptors and new graduate nurses on their perception of preceptor teaching effectiveness. Methods: The participants were 90 new nurses and 90 preceptors who worked in A medical center. The data were collected from July 1 to September 30, 2008. A cross-sectional descriptive survey was done using a structured questionnaire. Results: New nurses' perception (4.07±.44) of the preceptor teaching effectiveness was significantly higher than perception of the preceptors (3.57±.37). Fifty five percent of new graduate nurses reported a lack of coherence in the preceptor's practice guidelines. For 5 causal factors classified on the teaching effectiveness, the factor of 'Professional knowledge and ability' showed the highest score, but 'Interpersonal and communication skill' got lowest score for both group. Preceptors responded that they did not have enough time to teach well because of their heavy workloads. Conclusions: These results suggest that the preceptors need appropriate compensation and education opportunities, and new graduate nurses need consistent education by the teaching professionals. Therefore, it is important to give preceptors full charge of the preceptorship. Also, it will be necessary to develop education programs to enhance interpersonal and communication skill for preceptors and new nurses.

개선된 중성염 전해공정을 이용한 모의 방사성금속폐기물의 제염

이지훈,육완이,양호연,하종현 대한방사선 방어학회 2002 방사선방어학회지 Vol.27 No.2

원자력발전소에서 주로 발생되는 금속폐기물인 탄소강을 중성염전해질인 1.7M의 황산나트륨(Na₂SO₄)과 질산나트륨(NaNO₃)을 이용하여 기존전해제염과 개선된 전해제염공정의 비교실험을 수행하였다. 양극은 인코넬, 음극은 티타늄으로 하여 상온에서 1시간동안 반응시켜 금속폐기물 모재의 weight loss, 두께변화, 전해질 내 침전물농도, SEM을 이용하여 제염전후의 금속폐기물 표면의 형상을 분석하였다. 실험결과 개선된 전해제염 적용시 전해질 종류별 전류밀도 변화에 따른 실험에서는 전류밀도가 0.1∼0.6A/cm²으로 증가함에 따라 1.7M의 황산나트륨 적용시 금속폐기물 모재의 두께변화는 0.48±0.005∼67.7±0.02um, 1.7M의 질산나트륨 적용시에는 0.06±0.005∼17.7±0.05로 나타나 같은 전류밀도에서 황산나트륨 적용시 금속폐기물 모재의 표면 제염효율이 더욱 높은 양상을 보였다. 또한 전류밀도 0.3 A/cm² 및 1.7M의 황산나트륨의 조건에서 개선된 전해제염 적용 시 9.8±0.01um의 금속폐기물 두께변화를 보여 기존전해제염 적용시인 3.7±0.03um의 금속폐기물 두께변화보다 2배 이상의 표면 제염효과를 보였다. Conventional and modified electrolytic decontamination experiment were performed in the 1.7 M solution of sodium sulfate and sodium nitrate for decontamination of carbon steel as the simulated metal wastes which have been produced in large amounts from nuclear power plants. Anode and cathode were used as inconel and titanium respectively. The reaction time and temperature were 1 hr and 25℃. The analyses were performed of the characteristics such as weight loss and thickness change of metal waste, suspended solid in electrolyte and SEM observation. In modified electrolyte decontamination system with increased current density ranged from 0.1 to 0.6 A/cm², the metal waste showed thickness changes of 0.48±0.005 to 67.7±0.02um in 1.7 M sodium sulfate and those of 0.06±0.005 to 17.7±0.05um in sodium nitrate. Metal waste in modified electrolyte decontamination system showed the thickness change of 9.8±0.01um while it reacted up to 3.7±0.03um in conventional system with 0.3 A/cm² of current density and 1.7 M sodium sulfate. Decontamination efficiencies of modified electrolytic process are much higher than that of conventional electrolytic process when both are applied to metal waste.