정신분열병의 임상적 고위험군의 특징 : '서울청년클리닉'의 자연 추적 관찰 예비연구

유소영,이경진,강도형,이승재,하태현,위휘,이애라,송지연,김성년,권준수 大韓神經精神醫學會 2007 신경정신의학 Vol.46 No.1

Objectives : The aims of this study were to identify the intake and following process for subjects at high risk of transition to schizophrenia and to examine the neurocognitive, social, and emotional functions of the subjects compared with healthy controls. Methods : Symptomatic individuals judged at high risk for schizophrenia ('clinical high risk') within Youth Clinic were assessed and followed up. They performed a neurocognitive function test, a social function test and an affective function test. Twenty healthy controls were recruited in this study. Results : Among eighty-two subjects contacted through the Youth clinic, sixteen subjects were judged as the clinical high risk group. Fourteen subjects among the clinical high risk group showed deficits in several domains of neurocognitive functions, such as visual recall memory, verbal short term memory and executive function. Social and affective functions are also impaired in the Cli-nical high risk group compared with healthy controls. Two of 15 subjects (13%) developed a psychotic disorder within 6 months. Conclusion : This study illustrates the state of follow-up study for a clinical high risk group. Despite low numbers and short durations, some impairment of several functions in the clinical high risk group suggests possible predictors of psychosis.

Studies on mycotoxins using LC-MS/MS for the forage produced in Incheon

( Do Kyung Ra ),( Jae Yeon Choi ),( Ju Ho Lee ),( Ji Hyun Nam ),( Jeoung Gu Lee ),( Sung Mo Lee ) 한국동물위생학회(구 한국가축위생학회) 2019 韓國家畜衛生學會誌 Vol.42 No.3

The purpose of this study was to investigate the contamination level of representative mycotoxins that have adverse effects on livestock by using LC-MS/MS method and to utilize the results as basic data for the establishment of quality control system for feed, and to provide information on production and storage. A total of nine mycotoxins, including aflatoxin B1, aflatoxin B₂, aflatoxin G₁, aflatoxin G₂, ochratoxin A, fumonisin B1, fumonisin B₂, deoxynivalenol (DON), zearalenone (ZEN) were simultaneously analyzed in LC-MS/MS under ESI positive mode. Fumonisin B₁ and fumonisin B₂ were detected from 3 cases of 75 forage produced in Incheon area, the detection rate was 4.0%. The detection concentration was 0.01∼0.02 mg/kg, which was lower than the domestic recommended limit. Fumonisins were detected in a slightly different manner from the results of mycotoxin studies reported in Korea, which is attributed to the high temperature and dry summer weather of the year. The result of LC-MS/MS method performance of 9 mycotoxins, the recovery of DON was quite low as 41.53±3.91% that is not suitable for simultaneous analysis. This is probably due to that the extract solution used in this study was not suitable for the extraction of DON, along with the characteristics of a very dry forage. For the study of mycotoxins in Incheon area forage for the first time, further investigation is needed for the safe supply of livestock products.

Application of the melanocortin 1 receptor(MC1R) gene for discrimination of Hanwoo from Holstein beef using real-time polymerase chain reaction(PCR)

( Do Kyung Ra ),( Sung Mo Lee ),( Eun Jeong Park ),( Jung Goo Lee ) 한국가축위생학회 2007 韓國家畜衛生學會誌 Vol.30 No.4

This study was carried out to discriminate Hanwoo from the milking and hybrid cattle by detection of MC1R gene related to bovine hair color. One hundred sixty six samples were collected from the abattoir(n=106) and local market(n=60). The beef from abattoir were originated from Hanwoo(n=27), Holstein(n=29), Hybrid(n=45) and imported cattle(n=5), respectively. The beef from market consisted of Hanwoo(n=36), Holstein(n=7) and imported ones(n=17). Commercialized screening kit (Kogenebiotec, Korea) was used for MC1R gene analysis. As a result, Hanwoo was discriminated from Holstein. However, 9 of 45 hybrid and 11 of 22 imported beef samples were indistinguishable from Hanwoo. It could be explained by second generation of crossing of Hanwoo with Holstein or the cattle with silver or yellow hair. This results suggest that additional tests as well as MC1R gene detection be needed to confirm Hanwoo beef among cattle beef.

Application of the melanocortin 1 receptor (MC1R) gene for discrimination of Hanwoo from Holstein beef using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR)

Ra, Do-Kyung,Lee, Sung-Mo,Park, Eun-Jeong,Lee, Jung-Goo The Korean Society of Veterinary Service 2007 韓國家畜衛生學會誌 Vol.30 No.4

This study was carried out to discriminate Hanwoo from the milking and hybrid cattle by detection of MC1R gene related to bovine hair color. One hundred sixty six samples were collected from the abattoir (n = 106) and local market (n = 60). The beef from abattoir were originated from Hanwoo (n=27), Holstein (n=29), Hybrid (n=45) and imported cattle (n=5), respectively. The beef from market consisted of Hanwoo (n=36), Holstein (n=7) and imported ones (n=17). Commercialized screening kit (Kogenebiotec, Korea) was used for MC1R gene analysis. As a result, Hanwoo was discriminated from Holstein. However, 9 of 45 hybrid and 11 of 22 imported beef samples were indistinguishable from Hanwoo. It could be explained by second generation of crossing of Hanwoo with Holstein or the cattle with silver or yellow hair. This results suggest that additional tests as well as MC1R gene detection be needed to confirm Hanwoo beef among cattle beef.

Prevalence of honeybee diseases in Incheon area in 2011

Ra, Do-Kyung,Jeong, Cheol,Lee, Joo-Ho,Lee, Yun-Mi,Kim, Kyoung-Ho,Han, Tae-Ho,Lee, Sung-Mo The Korean Society of Veterinary Service 2012 韓國家畜衛生學會誌 Vol.35 No.2

This study investigated the occurrence of honeybee diseases in Incheon area, at the point of great widespread of sacbrood disease in the country. Sixteen resident beekeeping apiaries; 3 native honeybee and 13 European honeybee apiaries were selected for this research. Over 20 adult bees were evenly collected from the most colonies of each apiary three times (March, June, November) within a year. In this work, 13 honeybee diseases including 7 viral diseases, 2 bacterial diseases, 2 fungal diseases, and 2 parasitic diseases were detected by preliminary inspections and PCR. As a result, viral infections were confirmed at 34 among 48 apiaries (70.8%) over the entire examination period. Parasitic diseases showed the highest detection rate of 45.8%, which are detected in 44 among 96 cases. In the seasonal prevalence, 30 cases (15.6%) of 7 pathogens were detected from 14 apiaries in March, 50 cases (24.0%) of 9 pathogens and 56 cases (26.9%) of 9 pathogens were detected from all apiaries in June and November, respectively. Nosema was shown to be the most prevalent pathogen from March to November, followed by sacbrood virus (SBV) and stonebrood. The spread of SBV infection in Incheon would be under-estimated by the increasing of detection rate over the time. Especially, Chinese sacbrood virus was detected from 4 European honybee apiaries, but clinical symptoms were not found. No chalkbrood, acute bee paralysis virus, and chronic bee paralysis virus were detected in this study. The effective therapy and preventive measures should be prepared for beekeeping industry.

Melamine testing of meat, eggs and diary products sold in Incheon

Ra, Do-Kyung,Hong, Seong-Hee,Lee, Jeong-Gu,Lee, Sung-Mo The Korean Society of Veterinary Service 2009 韓國家畜衛生學會誌 Vol.32 No.4

From Oct. 2008 to Oct. 2009, 619 livestock products sold in Incheon were examined for melamine contamination. HPLC was used to detect the melamine concentration from various products. $C_{18}$ column $(3.9\times150mm,\;4{\mu}m)$ was applied with a phase composed of 10mM citric acid and 10mM sodium octane sulfonate : acetonitrile (in ratio 90:10) pumped isocratically at 1.0ml/min. Melamine was not detected from any of the products at the level of LOD 0.03mg/kg and LOQ 0.08mg/kg, suggesting that no melamine contamination was ascertained in livestock products in Incheon area. However, further tests should be done to detect other melamine analogues for the evaluation of toxicity and safety of melamine and cyanuric acid in the future.

Prevalence of honeybee diseases in Incheon area in 2011

( Do Kyung Ra ),( Cheol Jeong ),( Joo Ho Lee ),( Yun Mi Lee ),( Kyoung Ho Kim ),( Tae Ho Han ),( Sung Mo Lee ) 한국동물위생학회 2012 韓國家畜衛生學會誌 Vol.35 No.2

This study investigated the occurrence of honeybee diseases in Incheon area, at the point of great widespread of sacbrood disease in the country. Sixteen resident beekeeping apiaries; 3 native honeybee and 13 European honeybee apiaries were selected for this research. Over 20 adult bees were evenly collected from the most colonies of each apiary three times (March, June, November) within a year. In this work, 13 honeybee diseases including 7 viral diseases, 2 bacterial diseases, 2 fungal diseases, and 2 parasitic diseases were detected by preliminary inspections and PCR. As a result, viral infections were confirmed at 34 among 48 apiaries (70.8%) over the entire examination period. Parasitic diseases showed the highest detection rate of 45.8%, which are detected in 44 among 96 cases. In the seasonal prevalence, 30 cases (15.6%) of 7 pathogens were detected from 14 apiaries in March, 50 cases (24.0%) of 9 pathogens and 56 cases (26.9%) of 9 pathogens were detected from all apiaries in June and November, respectively. Nosema was shown to be the most prevalent pathogen from March to November, followed by sacbrood virus (SBV) and stonebrood. The spread of SBV infection in Incheon would be underestimated by the increasing of detection rate over the time. Especially, Chinese sacbrood virus was detected from 4 European honybee apiaries, but clinical symptoms were not found. No chalkbrood, acute bee paralysis virus, and chronic bee paralysis virus were detected in this study. The effective therapy and preventive measures should be prepared for beekeeping industry.

Melamine testing of meat, eggs and diary products sold in Incheon

( Do Kyung Ra ),( Seong Hee Hong ),( Jeong Gu Lee ),( Sung Mo Lee ) 한국가축위생학회 2009 韓國家畜衛生學會誌 Vol.32 No.4

From Oct. 2008 to Oct. 2009, 619 livestock products sold in Incheon were examined for melamine contamination. HPLC was used to detect the melamine concentration from various products. C18 column (3.9×150mm, 4μm) was applied with a phase composed of 10mM citric acid and 10mM sodium octane sulfonate:acetonitrile (in ratio 90:10) pumped isocratically at 1.0ml/min. Melamine was not detected from any of the products at the level of LOD 0.03mg/kg and LOQ 0.08mg/kg, suggesting that no melamine contamination was ascertained in livestock products in Incheon area. However, further tests should be done to detect other melamine analogues for the evaluation of toxicity and safety of melamine and cyanuric acid in the future.

Studies on mycotoxins using LC-MS/MS for the forage produced in Incheon

Ra, Do Kyung,Choi, Jae Yeon,Lee, Ju Ho,Nam, Ji Hyun,Lee, Jeoung Gu,Lee, Sung Mo The Korean Society of Veterinary Service 2019 韓國家畜衛生學會誌 Vol.42 No.3

The purpose of this study was to investigate the contamination level of representative mycotoxins that have adverse effects on livestock by using LC-MS/MS method and to utilize the results as basic data for the establishment of quality control system for feed, and to provide information on production and storage. A total of nine mycotoxins, including aflatoxin $B_1$, aflatoxin $B_2$, aflatoxin $G_1$, aflatoxin $G_2$, ochratoxin A, fumonisin $B_1$, fumonisin $B_2$, deoxynivalenol (DON), zearalenone (ZEN) were simultaneously analyzed in LC-MS/MS under ESI positive mode. Fumonisin $B_1$ and fumonisin $B_2$ were detected from 3 cases of 75 forage produced in Incheon area, the detection rate was 4.0%. The detection concentration was 0.01~0.02 mg/kg, which was lower than the domestic recommended limit. Fumonisins were detected in a slightly different manner from the results of mycotoxin studies reported in Korea, which is attributed to the high temperature and dry summer weather of the year. The result of LC-MS/MS method performance of 9 mycotoxins, the recovery of DON was quite low as $41.53{\pm}3.91%$ that is not suitable for simultaneous analysis. This is probably due to that the extract solution used in this study was not suitable for the extraction of DON, along with the characteristics of a very dry forage. For the study of mycotoxins in Incheon area forage for the first time, further investigation is needed for the safe supply of livestock products.

Studies on mycotoxins using LC-MS/MS for the forage produced in Incheon

Do Kyung Ra,Jae Yeon Choi,Ju Ho Lee,Ji Hyun Nam,Jeoung Gu Lee,Sung Mo Lee 한국동물위생학회 2019 韓國家畜衛生學會誌 Vol.42 No.3

The purpose of this study was to investigate the contamination level of representative mycotoxins that have adverse effects on livestock by using LC-MS/MS method and to utilize the results as basic data for the establishment of quality control system for feed, and to provide information on production and storage. A total of nine mycotoxins, including aflatoxin B1, aflatoxin B2, aflatoxin G1, aflatoxin G2, och-ratoxin A, fumonisin B1, fumonisin B2, deoxynivalenol (DON), zearalenone (ZEN) were simultaneously analyzed in LC-MS/MS under ESI positive mode. Fumonisin B1 and fumonisin B2 were detected from 3 cases of 75 forage produced in Incheon area, the detection rate was 4.0%. The detection concentra-tion was 0.01∼0.02 mg/kg, which was lower than the domestic recommended limit. Fumonisins were detected in a slightly different manner from the results of mycotoxin studies reported in Korea, which is attributed to the high temperature and dry summer weather of the year. The result of LC-MS/MS method performance of 9 mycotoxins, the recovery of DON was quite low as 41.53±3.91% that is not suitable for simultaneous analysis. This is probably due to that the extract solution used in this study was not suitable for the extraction of DON, along with the characteristics of a very dry forage. For the study of mycotoxins in Incheon area forage for the first time, further investigation is needed for the safe supply of livestock products.