원적외선 건조처리에 의한 진공포장 찰옥수수의 품질확보

최재호(Jae-Ho Choi),임지순(Ji-Soon Im),오덕환(Deog-Hwan Oh) 한국식품영양과학회 2006 한국식품영양과학회지 Vol.35 No.5

각 처리구별 찰옥수수를 원적외선 건조기를 사용하여 건조한 후 진공포장하여 저장하는 동안 찰옥수수의 미생물변화, 호화도, 수분함량, 색도 및 물성변화 등 건조 찰옥수수의 품질변화에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 총균수는 6시간 원적외선 건조 시 생옥수수인 대조구의 경우 2.32 log CFU/g을 나타내었으나 모든 처리구에서는 검출되지 않았다. 그러나 4℃에서 저장시 저장 3개월까지는 대조구를 제외한 모든 처리구에서 총균수가 검출되지 않았으나 7개월 저장 후에는 대조구에 비하여 증자 찰옥수수 처리구가 약 2 log, 당처리구는 약 2.7 log 정도 감소하였다. 곰팡이 및 효모는 총 균수보다 원적외선 건조에 약간 더 저항성이 강한 것으로 나타났으며 이러한 결과는 25℃에서 저장시 유사한 것으로 나타났다. 생옥수수의 호화도는 저장 전에 98%, 저장 7개월 후 96.2%로 거의 변화가 없었으나 원적외선 건조한 증자 찰옥수수는 저장 전에 81.14%, 4℃에서 7개월 저장 후 58.73%로 많이 노화되었으며 이러한 결과는 당처리구에서도 유사하게 나타났다. 수분함량은 당처리구 찰옥수수가 증자 찰옥수수에 비하여 건조시간이 증가함에 따라 수분함량이 더욱 낮아졌으며 색도변화는 생옥수수는 건조시간이 증가함에 따라 색의 밝기(L값)가 증가하였으나 증자 또는 당처리구 찰옥수수는 9시간 건조까지는 건조시간에 따라 L값이 증가하였으며 12시간 이후부터는 현저하게 감소하였다. 경도는 건조전에 생옥수수가 증자 또는 당처리 찰옥수수에 비하여 경도가 높았으며 9시간 건조이후에는 생옥수수와 당처리 찰옥수수의 경도가 비슷하게 나타났으나 증자 찰옥수수는 현저하게 경도가 저하되었다. 본 연구결과, 찰옥수수를 원적외선 건조하여 수분함량을 낮춤으로 미생물의 생육저하, 저장성 향상은 물론 안전성 및 고품질 확보에 도움이 될 것으로 사료된다. This study was conducted to determine the effect of far infrared ray drying on the microbial and quality changes of vacuum packaged waxy corns, such as microbial growth, rehydration, color differences, weight loss and hardness during the storage at 4℃ and 25℃ for 7 months. After far infrared ray drying for 6 hours at 60℃, 2.32 log CFU/g of total microbial counts in raw waxy corns was enumerated, but no microorganism was detected in steamed or sugar-treated waxy corns. However, no microorganism was observed in all treatments except for control samples until 3 month storage at 4℃, whereas steamed and sugar-treated waxy corns showed 2 and 2.7 log reduction compared to that of control after 3 month storage. Yeasts and molds were more resistant than bacteria against far infrared ray drying at the same conditions. Similar results were observed in 25℃ storage. The degree of gelatinization in raw waxy corns far infrared ray drying changed from 98% to 96.2% after 7 month storage at 4℃, whereas steamed waxy corns with far infrared ray drying changed from 81.14% to 58.73%. Water contents in sugar-treated waxy corns with far infrared ray drying gradually reduced compared to steamed waxy corns as drying time increased. The L values in raw waxy corns far infrared ray drying increased as drying time increased, but L values in steamed or sugar-treated waxy corns significantly reduced after 12 hour far infrared ray drying. Hardness in raw waxy corns was higher than in steamed or sugar-treated waxy corns before storage, but similar hardness was observed between raw- and sugar-treated waxy corns after 9 hour drying. This results showed that the microbial reduction, the enhancement of shelf life and quality establishment of steamed or sugar-treated waxy corns could be maximized by using far infrared ray drying.

적산온도를 활용한 중북부지역 찰옥수수 적정파종기 설정

심강보,이종기,구본일,신명나,윤성탁 한국작물학회 2019 한국작물학회지 Vol.64 No.3

ABSTRACT It is important to determine sowing date as it decisively affects the quality as well as quantity of waxy corn. In the central northern area of Korea, optimum sowing date of waxy corn is May and requires about 20–26 reproductive growth days from silking date to harvest. We determined adaptable sowing date of waxy corn varieties using growing degree days (GDDs), especially in the central northern area. Earlier sowing required many more emergence days owing to the low temperature. All waxy corn varieties required about 16~22 emergence days when sown in April. Otherwise, less than 15 emergence days were needed for sowing from May to August. Sowing dates to maximize ear yield of waxy corns were different depending on the eco-types of corn varieties as well as GDDs during the growth period. Early maturity type Mibaek2’ showed the highest ear yield at the May 15th sowing date. Middle maturity ‘Iimichal’ and late maturity ‘Chalok4’ showed the highest ear yield at the May 25th and June 5th sowing dates, respectively. GDDs of 26 days after silking was an index to determine the highest yield sowing date of ‘Mibaek2’. The total GDDs from sowing to harvest and to silking were other indexes to determine the highest yield sowing date of ‘Ilmichal’ and ‘Chalok4’, respectively. Generally, it required about 2,400°C GDDs from sowing date to maturity and at least 65 days of silking date from sowing to obtain about 1,200kg of ear yield of waxy corn in the central northern area of the Korean peninsula. The results of the study will be helpful for corn farmhouses to determine optimum sowing date of waxy corn in the central northern area of Korea. 파종시기를 달리하여 옥수수 생육 및 수량성을 비교하고 출사기, 출사후 등숙기까지 적산온도를 활용하여 중북부지 역에서 적합한 옥수수 파종시기를 구명하고자 2017~2018 년 2년에 걸쳐 수행하였으며, 그 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 파종기가 빠를수록 토양온도가 낮아 옥수수 유묘 출현기 간이 길었으며, 파종시 기별 평균 유묘 출현소요일수는 조생형인 미백2호가 9.1일, 중생형인 일미찰이 9.5일, 만 생형인 찰옥4호가 10.1일 소요되어 조생형일수록 유묘 출현소요일수가 짧았다. 2. 지온과 유묘 출현일수는 부의 상관관계를 나타내었는데, 지온이 낮은 4월에는 유묘 출현일수가 16~22일, 지온이 높은 5월에는 9~15일 정도로 감소하였다. 3. 파종기에 따른 경장, 이삭길이, 이삭폭은 수량과 정의 상 관관계를 나타내었으며 조생형인 미백2호는 5월 15일, 중생형인 일미찰은 5월 25일, 만생형인 찰옥4호는 6월 15일 파종에서 각각 수량이 가장 높아 중북부지역의 평 년기온 조건에서 생태형별 적정 파종기로 판단할 수가 있었다. 4. 동일 파종조건에서 출사 후 26일 까지 품종 간 유효적산 온도 차이는 적었으나 만생형 품종일수록 성숙기까지 소 요적산온도가 적었는데 출사 후 26일까지 유효적산온도 는 조생형인 미백2호가 975°C, 만생형인 찰옥4호가 604°C 이었다. 5. 중북부지역에서 찰옥수수를 재배할 경우 생태형에 따른 품종의 파종지표로 유효적산온도를 활용할 경우 조생형 인 미백2호는 출사 후 26일까지 적산온도, 중생형인 일 미찰은 전 생육기간 적산온도, 만생형인 찰옥4호는 출사 기까지 적산온도가 적합하였다. 6. 중북부지역(강원도, 경기북부)에서 생태형에 따른 찰옥 수수를 재배 할 경우 파종기부터 등숙기까지 평균 적산 온도는 약 2,400°C, 평균 출사일수는 65일 이상 조건에 서 10 a 당 1,200 kg 수준의 수량성 확보가 가능하였다.

Determination of the energy contents and nutrient digestibility of corn, waxy corn and steam-flaked corn fed to growing pigs

Dongli Ma,Juntao Li,Chengfei Huang,Fengjuan Yang,Yi Wu,Ling Liu,Wei Jiang,Zhicheng Jia,Peijun Zhang,Xuezhen Liu,Shuai Zhang 아세아·태평양축산학회 2019 Animal Bioscience Vol.32 No.10

Objective: The research was conducted to determine the digestible (DE) and metabolizable energy (ME) contents as well as the apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of nutrients in corn, waxy corn and steam-flaked corn fed to growing pigs. Methods: Eighteen growing pigs with initial body weight of 15.42±1.41 kg were randomly allotted to three diets including a corn diet, a waxy corn diet and a steam-flaked corn diet in a completely randomized design. Each treatment contained six replicates. The experiment lasted for 12 days, which comprised 7-d adaptation to diets followed by a 5-d total collection of feces and urine. The energy contents and the nutrient digestibility in three ingredients were calculated using direct method. Results: Compared to normal corn, both the amylose and dietary fiber contents in waxy corn were numerically lower, but the starch gelatinization degree was numerically greater. Moreover, the DE and ME contents as well as the ATTD of neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber (ADF) in waxy corn were significantly greater (p<0.05) than those in normal corn when fed to growing pigs. Furthermore, the steam-flaked corn had greater (p<0.05) DE and ME contents, and ATTD of ether extract and ADF compared to normal corn. Conclusion: Both variety and processing procedure have influence on chemical compositions, energy contents and nutrient digestibility of corn. The waxy corn and steam-flaked corn had greater degree of starch gelatinization and DE and ME contents compared to normal corn when fed to growing pigs.

남부지방 평야지 논에서 찰옥수수-콩 이모작에 따른 생육 및 수량 특성

전승호,오승가,조영손 한국국제농업개발학회 2021 韓國國際農業開發學會誌 Vol.33 No.3

본 연구는 평야지 논토양에서 찰옥수수/콩을 활용한 2모작 재배방법을 개발하기 위한 기초자료로 활용하기 위하여, 2년간 (2019~2020년) 파종시기별 경운방법 및 재식방법에 따른 찰옥수수와 콩의 생육 및 수량 특성을 알아본 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 찰옥수수와 콩의 생육기간 중 토양 수분함량 변화에서 과잉수 정체기간은 쟁기+로터리 처리와 이랑너비가 좁을수록 짧게 조사되어, 쟁기+로터리60 cm 처리구에서 가장 짧았다. 2. 모든 시기의 생육특성 조사에서 찰옥수수는 2차파종 쟁기+로터리60 cm 처리구가 연차간 초장과 경태가 가장 길었고, 엽수도 가장 많았으며, 엽색도도 가장 높았으며, 콩은 1차파종 에서 쟁기+로터리60 cm 처리구가 연차간 모두 초장, 경태, 엽수 및 엽색도의 조사값이 가장 높았다. 3. 찰옥수수 수량에서는 2차파종 쟁기+로터리60 cm 처리구가 연차간 모두 1,245, 1,262 kg/10a 로 가장 많았고, 콩은 1차 파종 쟁기+로터리60 cm 처리구에서 223, 220 kg/10a 로 가장 많았으며, 다음으로 1차파종 쟁기+로터리120 cm · 로터 리60 cm 처리구 및 2차파종에서 쟁기+로터리60 cm 처리구에서 186~210 kg/10a 로 많았다. 4. 생육조사 및 수량평가에서 파종시기와 이랑너비에서 뚜렷한 차이를 보였으며, 평야지 논에서 찰옥수수와 콩 2모작 재 배시 쟁기+로터리하여 60 cm의 고휴에 1열로 찰옥수수는 4월 초에 파종, 콩은 찰옥수수의 수확시기에 맞춘 7월 중순 파종 하여 재배하는 것이 유리할 것으로 생각된다. This study was performed in a paddy field on silt-loam soil used for rice production for more than a decade to investigate the growth and yield characteristics according to the cultivation methods by double cropping fresh waxy corn and soybean in a paddy field of the Southern plain region in Korea. By sowing times, waxy corn was planted three times from mid-March, early April, and to mid- April. Soybean was also sown in early, mid-, and late July at three different sowing times. Tillage methods used include a combination of plow+rotary and rotary, and ridge width treatments included 60 cm and 120 cm. Among the soil water characteristics during the growing period of waxy corn and soybean, the time of excess water in the soil was shortest in the group treated with both plow+rotary 60 cm ridge width. The waxy corn at the second sowing time and treated with both plow+rotary 60 cm group showed the highest value of the 1st and 2nd years plant height, as well as stem diameter, leaf number, and SPAD. Waxy corn yield was largest in the plow+rotary 60 cm group with yearly yields of 1,245 kg·10a-1 and 1,262 kg·10a-1. Soybean yield was largest in the plow+rotary 60 cm group at the first sowing time with yields of 223 kg·10a-1 and 220 kg·10a-1, followed by the plow+rotary 120 cm group and the rotary 60 cm group at the first sowing time, and the plow+rotary 60 cm group at the second sowing time with the yield amount ranging between 186 kg·10a-1 and 210 kg·10a-1. Therefore, while double cropping fresh waxy corn and soybean in the paddy field, the production of fresh waxy corn seems to be more favorable in early April, while soybean cultivation appears to be more ideal in mid-July by planting immediately after the harvesting time of corn. Additionally, the plow treatment and narrow ridge width seem to work favorably.

연구보문 : 유색찰옥수수의 상품화율 향상을 위한 적정재식밀도 및 수확시기

이유영 ( Yu Young Lee ),김충국 ( Chung Guk Kim ),정태욱 ( Tae Wook Jung ),이춘기 ( Choon Ki Lee ),김욱한 ( Wook Han Kim ),김성국 ( Sung Kook Kim ) 한국국제농업개발학회 2011 韓國國際農業開發學會誌 Vol.23 No.1

This study was carried out to find out optimum plant density and harvest time to increase the marketing value of waxy corn hybrid with colored pericarp. Two waxy corn hybrids, "Eolrukchal 1" of bi-color and "Heukjinjuchal" of black color, were developed at 2007, 2008 in National Institute Crop Science, respectively. Generally colored waxy corn has problems of longer maturing period and shorter total ear length (TEL) and filled ear length ratio (FELR) than those of white waxy corn. It is important to increase the marketing value of colored waxy corns. TEL, ear diameter, FELR, and weight of ear(g/ear) were increased as plant density decreased. The optimum plant density for ear of good quality was 4,100~4,700 (plants/10a) for waxy corn hybrid, "Eolrukchal 1" and "Heukjinjuchal". The characteristics and yield of ear were not distinguished but color of ear showed distinct change in "Eolrukchal 1" and "Heukjinjuchal" at harvest time as days after silking.

Growth Characters and Sugar Content During Grain Filling in New Hybrid, Chalok 1/Cooktail 51 Corn

Kim Ik Hwi,Soon Kwon Kim,Sang Chul Lee 韓國作物學會 2001 Korean journal of crop science Vol.46 No.2

Chalok 1/Cooktail 51' corns, supersweet corn gene controlled by either brittle-l (bt l) or shrunken-2(sh2) gene introduced into waxy corn, showed agronomic characteristics between supersweet corn and waxy corn. The ears were harvested at different development stages from 15 to 35 days after silking (DAS). Ear diameter of Cocktail 51 and 'Cocktail 51'/Chalok 1 increased from 15 DAS to 30 DAS and little increased thereafter, but that of Chalok 1/Cocktail 51 and 'Chalok l' increased until 35 DAS. Diameter of ear extension increased more in Cocktail 51 and Chalok 1/Cocktail 51 corn than Chalok 1. Ear fresh weight of Cocktail 51 decreased later 30 DAS but those of the other hybrids were vice versa. Rate of super-sweet kernels per ear of Chalok 1/Cocktail 51 corns was about 38 %. Development, and elongation of kernel were much more prominent in supersweet kernel than in waxy kernel, but fresh weight increased higher in waxy kernel than supersweet kernel. Moisture content in kernel decreased from 15 DAS to 35 DAS. Total sugar content of the kernel increased until 25 DAS, and that of Cocktail 51 kernel showed the highest among of them. After cooked by steam, flavor and mastication feeling rate cooked by steam of Cocktail 51 and Chalok 1/Cocktail 51 were increased from 15 DAS to 25 DAS and markedly decreased thereafter. But those of Chalok l/Cocktail 51 and, Chalok 1 were decreased after 30 DAS. These results suggested that the optimum harvest date for fresh supersweet corn (Cocktail 51), Cocktail 51/Chalok 1 seems to be about 20 DAS and Chalok 1/Cocktail 51 and waxy com (Chalok 1) was about 25 DAS.

저장 중 진공포장 설탕침지 찰옥수수의 미생물 및 이화학적 특성에 대한 감마선조사의 영향

최재호(Jae-Ho Choi),오덕환(Deog-Hwan Oh) 한국식품영양과학회 2006 한국식품영양과학회지 Vol.35 No.6

찰옥수수의 기호성을 높이고 저장성을 향상시키기 위하여 설탕침지하여 진공포장한 찰옥수수를 감마선 조사하여 여러 온도에서 저장하면서 미생물의 생육변화 및 이화학적 성질을 조사하였다. 설탕침지 찰옥수수를 감마선 조사한 후 25℃에서 7개월간 저장하였을 때 총균수가 대조구에서는 약 2.4 log CFU/g 증가하였으나 3 kGy 조사구에서는 생육이 전혀 없었고 곰팡이 및 효모는 대조구에서 약 3.5 log CFU/g 증가한 반면, 5 kGy 조사구에서 전혀 생육을 나타내지 않았다. 이러한 결과는 15℃와 4℃에 저장하였을 경우에도 거의 비슷한 경향을 나타내었다. 저장 전에는 무처리구에 비하여 감마선 조사선량의 증가에 의한 경도의 차이가 거의 없었으나 저장기간이 증가할수록 무처리구와 감마선 처리구와의 경도 차이가 현저하게 증가하였다. 또한, 환원당 함량은 감마선 처리구는 용량에 따른 유의적 차이가 없었으며 무처리구에 비하여 조사선량에 따른 차이가 일정하지 않은 것으로 나타났다. 관능검사 결과 저장기간이 지남에 따라 감마선 처리구가 무처리구에 비하여 종합적 기호도가 좋았으며 15℃의 중온에 저장할 경우 찰옥수수의 품질을 손상하지 않고 관능적 특성을 그대로 유지하면서 장기간 보존이 가능한 것으로 사료된다. Effect of gamma irradiation on the microbiological and physicochemical characteristics of vacuum-packaged sugar-treated corns was examined to improve taste and shelf-life during storage at room or low temperature. When the vacuum-packaged sugar-treated corns were stored at 25℃ for 7 months, total counts and yeast and molds in the control increased approximately 2.4 and 3.5 log CFU/g, respectively but complete inactivation was observed for irradiated corns at 3 and 5 kGy. Similar results were observed at 15℃ and 4℃ storage. There were no significant differences in hardness between irradiated sugar-treated waxy corns and control group before storage, but the hardness in control significantly increased during the storage, compared to those of irradiated corns. Also, changes in sugar content were not significant between the irradiated sugar-treated waxy corns and control during storage. Sensory evaluation for steamed-waxy corns showed that total sensory scores were higher in irradiated corns than in control, which were increased with irradiation doses. It was considered that maintaining good quality and increasing shelf-life of irradiated vacuum-packaged sugar treated corns could be possible at 15℃ storage for long-term period.

파종시기가 찰옥수수 2기작 재배의 생육 및 수량에 미치는 영향

정건호,이재은,서종호,김선림,김대욱,김정태,황태영,권영업 한국작물학회 2012 한국작물학회지 Vol.57 No.2

최근 지구온난화에 따라 평균기온이 상승하고 무상기간이 길어지고 재배기간도 길어지고 있다. 이상기상으로 재해가 심화되는 위기요인이 있으나 작물 재배기간이 연장되고, 이러한 기회요인을 적극 활용한 작부체계가 연구가 전무한 실정이다. 봄 재배 시 7월 하순~8월 상순의 홍수출하로 인한 가격폭락 문제의 해법을 제시하고 신선한 풋옥수수 공급 기간을 늘리기 위한 찰옥수수 2기작 작부체계를 확립하기 위해 생태형 및 파종시기별 수확적기를 구명에 관한 연구가 필요한 현실이다. 본 연구는 2009~2010년에 국립식량과학원 시험포장에서 찰옥수수의 조생종 품종 찰옥 1호와 만생종 품종 일미찰, 찰옥 4호를 재료로 하여 풋옥수수의 2기작 재배 실험을 수행한 것으로 그 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 2기작재배에 따른 출사일수는 후기작으로 갈수록 짧아지고, 출사에서 수확까지 소요되는 일수가 증가하였다. 4월 상순~하순에 파종할 경우 생태형에 관계없이 수확기는 출사 후 23~25일 정도 소요되었다. 조생종인 찰옥1호를 7월 상순~하순에 파종할 경우 수확기는 출사 후 28~31일 정도 소요되고, 중만생종인 일미찰은 7월 상순~중순에 파종할 경우 수확기가 출사 후 29~31 일, 7월 하순에 파종할 경우 약 39일 정도 소요되었다. 2. 파종에서 수확까지 적산온도는 약 1700℃~2100℃ 정도였고, 출사 후 수확까지의 최소 소요 적산온도는 약 600℃~680℃ 였다. 3. 이삭길이는 전기작보다 후기작에서 다소 길어지고 일미찰과 찰옥 4호는 증가하였는데, 찰옥 1호는 1기작재배에 비하여 2기작재배에서 감소하였다. 4. 상품 이삭수는 2기작재배가 1기작재배에 비하여 찰옥 1호는 약 101%였고, 일미찰과 찰옥 4호는 92% 및 99%로 감소하였다. 수확량은 2기작의 경우 전기작에 비해 약 74%~78%정도였다. 5. 찰옥수수 2기작 재배는 파종 후 수확까지의 생육기간은 전기작에 비해 짧았으나, 출사 후 수확기까지 소요되는 기간은 오히려 길어졌다. It is important to determine the optimum harvesting time that impact decisively on the quality of vegetable waxy corns. In general, it takes 20~25 days from silking to harvest according to ecotype when waxy corn hybrids were sown in April. We identified the optimum harvesting time by the ecotypes and seeding dates for the establishment of corn double cropping system of waxy corn. It takes 23~25 days from silking to harvest regardless of ecotype, when waxy corns were sown at early in April or late in June. It takes 28~31 days when Chalok1, early maturing type, was sown between in July 10, and in July 30. It takes 29~31 days when Ilmichal, medium late maturing type, was sown between in July 10 and in July 20, but 39 days were required when sown at in July 30. The cumulative temperature for harvesting was about 1700~circC~2100~circC . The minimum cumulative temperature from seeding to harvest was approximately 600~circC . These results will be helpful to the farmers for determining the optimum harvest time of vegetable waxy corns.

유색찰옥수수의 상품화율 향상을 위한 적정재식밀도 및 수확시기

이유영,김충국,정태욱,이춘기,김욱한,김성국 한국국제농업개발학회 2011 韓國國際農業開發學會誌 Vol.23 No.1

1. 얼룩찰1호의 재식밀도별 이삭 특성은 4,700주/10a의 재식밀도에서 이삭길이와 개당이삭중이 양호하였으며 착립장률, 10a당 상품이삭수와 이삭중이 높아 수량성과 상품화율이 높았다. 2. 흑진주찰은 4,700주/10a의 재식밀도에서 이삭길이, 착립장률이 양호하였고, 가장 높은 상품지수를 나타내었다. 3. 얼룩찰1호는 출사 후 26일에 이삭특성과 상품형질이 좋게 나타났으며 식미검정에서도 외관, 질감, 맛 등에서 높은 기호도를 보였다. 4. 흑진주찰은 수확시기에 따라 이삭특성과 상품성이 크게 차이가 없었으나 식미검정에서 출사 후 23일에 수확한 옥수수에서 맛과 질감이 우수하였고, 외관과 색에 대한 선호도는 출사 후 27일에 높은 선호도를 보였다. 전체적인 기호도는 출사후 27일에 수확한 옥수수가 가장 높았다. This study was carried out to find out optimum plant density and harvest time to increase the marketing value of waxy corn hybrid with colored pericarp. Two waxy corn hybrids, "Eolrukchal 1" of bi-color and "Heukjinjuchal" of black color, were developed at 2007, 2008 in National Institute Crop Science, respectively. Generally colored waxy corn has problems of longer maturing period and shorter total ear length (TEL) and filled ear length ratio (FELR) than those of white waxy corn. It is important to increase the marketing value of colored waxy corns. TEL, ear diameter, FELR, and weight of ear(g/ear) were increased as plant density decreased. The optimum plant density for ear of good quality was 4,100~ 4,700 (plants/10a) for waxy corn hybrid, "Eolrukchal 1" and "Heukjinjuchal". The characteristics and yield of ear were not distinguished but color of ear showed distinct change in "Eolrukchal 1" and "Heukjinjuchal" at harvest time as days after silking.

Profiling of differentially expressed proteins in mature kernels of Korean waxy corn cultivars using proteomic analysis

Kim, Sang Gon,Lee, Jin-Seok,Shin, Seong-Hyu,Koo, Sung Cheol,Kim, Jung Tae,Bae, Hwan Hee,Son, Beom-Young,Kim, Yul-Ho,Kim, Sun Lim,Baek, Seong-Bum,Kwon, Young-Up The Korean Society for Applied Biological Chemistr 2015 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.58 No.3

Maize (Zea mays L.) is the most important crop such as food for humans and feed for animals. Although new varieties of maize have been extensively developed in Korea, little is known about differences in the proteomes of mature kernels among maize varieties. Three Korean waxy corn cultivars (Ilmichal, Eolrukchal 1, and Heukjinjuchal) have previously been developed. The total protein content is higher in Ilmichal than in Eolrukchal 1 or Heukjinjuchal, while the starch and fatty acid contents are similar among these three Korean waxy corns. To uncover the differences in proteomic profiles among these three Korean waxy corns, we performed proteomic analysis and compared their protein compositions. We detected 37 differentially expressed protein spots and identified the proteins using MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. Of these proteins, 37.8 % were identified as storage proteins, 18.9 % as stress-related proteins, and 18.9 % as metabolism-related proteins. Storage proteins (globulin-2) and stress-related proteins (heat shock proteins and general stress proteins) were highly expressed in Ilmichal or Heukjinjuchal. Semi-quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis of corresponding genes of five randomly selected proteins, including glyoxalase family protein (accession number, B6SGF3), globulin-2 (Q7M1Z8), heat shock protein 1 and 3 (B6TGQ2 and B6TDB5), and vicilin-like embryo storage protein (Q03865), showed that the expression levels of the tested genes were well-correlated with protein abundance, suggesting that these proteins are also differentially regulated at the transcriptional level. Taken together, these results provide a better understanding of proteomic differences among Korean waxy corn cultivars and may support further molecular breeding efforts.