한우와 재래소 우둔육 수화물의 보수력과 품질특성에 관한 연구

송동헌,고하윤,이정아,화반바,설국환,조수현,김현욱 공주대학교 자원과학연구소 2023 자원과학연구 Vol.5 No.2

In this study, we produced brine solutions using beef (M. semimembranosus) from Hanwoo (Korean native cattle), Chikso (Korean native brindle cattle), and Heugu (Korean native black cattle), comparing their quality and water holding capacity. For quality assessment, we used 30-month-old grade 2 Hanwoo steer beef, as well as beef from Chikso and Heugu of the same age and grade. The hydrated beef consisted of 85% ground beef and 15% moisture, with the addition of 1.5% salt. The quality characteristics of ground beef and hydrated beef were assessed for pH, color, water-holding capacity, cooking loss, and shear force. The pH was highest for Heugu and lowest for Chikso both before and after cooking (p<0.05). The the raw sample's color in all parameters was significantly higher for Chikso than for Hanwoo and Heugu, but after cooking, lightness and yellowness were significantly higher in Hanwoo compared to Chikso. The water-holding capacity of the raw meat was highest for Heugu and lowest for Hanwoo, but in hydrated beef, the Chikso showed the most improvement, indicating that water-holding capacity can be enhanced according to processing characteristics. Cooking loss and shear force were lowest for Heugu, followed by Hanwoo and Chikso due to water-holding capacity. Overall, it is concluded that Korean cattle breeds and water-holding capacity could significantly impact the quality characteristics in the manufacturing of meat products using Korean beef.

건미역의 수침에 따른 흡수율과 보수율, 색도 및 무기성분의 함량 변화

한재숙,이연정,이신정,南出隆久 동아시아식생활학회 2001 동아시아식생활학회지 Vol.11 No.3

This study was conducted to examine the water absorption, water-holding capacity, color and mineral contents in natural and cultured dried sea mustards on soaking treatment. Four dried samples of natural and cultured sea mustards were used for the experiments. The effects of soaking treatment on water absorption and water-holding capacity in sea mustards were examined, as the results, these were rapidly accelerated 5 minutes after soaking. It showed that water-holding capacity was significantly high in the case of high absorption of water by soaking. The L a and b values were increased until 30 minutes after soaking, There was significant difference for potassium content between dried natural and dried cultured sea mustards and the natural sea mustard was 10 times as high as the cultured sample. All mineral elements in these materials were significantly decreased and especially, potassium were significantly more decreased at 50~80% of total content by soaking treatment. Ca/ P ratio in these materials by soaking was about 2~3 : 1 levels.

Muscle Fiber Characteristics and Their Relationship to Water Holding Capacity of Longissimus dorsi Muscle in Brahman and Charolais Crossbred Bulls

Waritthitham, A.,Lambertz, C.,Langholz, H.-J.,Wicke, M.,Gauly, M. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2010 Animal Bioscience Vol.23 No.5

Muscle fiber characteristics and their relationship to water-holding capacity of longissimus dorsi (ld) muscle were studied in Brahman (BRA) and Charolais (CHA) crossbred bulls fattened under practical farm conditions. Thirty-four BRA and 34 CHA bulls were randomly selected and slaughtered at 500, 550 and 600 kg live weight. Parameters of water-holding capacity such as drip, ageing, thawing, cooking and grilling loss were determined. Muscle fiber characteristics were conducted for muscle fiber type percentage and cross-sectional areas of slow- and fast-twitch fiber types, and correlation coefficients to water-holding capacity parameters were calculated. Results showed that CHA meat had a better water-holding capacity (less ageing, thawing and grilling loss) when compared with BRA, whereas slaughter weights had no significant effects on these parameters. Furthermore, there were no significant differences between genotypes and slaughter weights in muscle fiber type percentage and cross-sectional areas of ld muscle. Slow- and fast-twitch fiber types of all experimental groups averaged 24.4 and 75.6%, respectively. Cross-sectional areas of fast-twitch fibers had almost twice the size of slow-twitch fibers (6,721 and 3,713 ${\mu}m^2$, respectively). The correlation between muscle fiber area and water-holding capacity indicated that muscles with larger fiber areas had a lower drip and ageing loss but a higher cooking and grilling loss.

연구논문(硏究論文) : 활엽수 낙엽의 수분저류 특성에 대한 실험적 분석

( Qiwen Li ),최형태 ( Hyungtae Choi ),이은재 ( Eun Jai Lee ),임상준 ( Sangjun Im ) 한국환경복원기술학회(구 한국환경복원녹화기술학회) 2016 한국환경복원기술학회지 Vol.19 No.2

This study purposed to examine the water retention capacity of floor litter in deciduous forests. Water holding capacity(WHC) and interception storage capacity of Alnus hirsuta Turcz. ex Rupr., Quercus acutissima, Quercus mongolica litters were experimentally estimated. Physical characteristics of litters were also obtained to understand the relationships between water-retention capacity and litter characteristics. Experiments showed that WHC increases with specific volume of litter, varying 244.4% to 416.8% of its dry mass. Interception storage have estimated with rainfall simulation experiments. Maximum interception storage (Cmax) and minimum interception storage (Cmin) of litters were 220% and 138% of dry mass in Alnus hirsuta Turcz. ex Rupr., 218% and 137% in Quercus acutissima, and 240% and 156% in Quercus mongolica. Both Cmax and Cmin increased linearly with litter mass, and the values of Cmin in broadleaf litters have also linear relation to leaf area.

Determination of Water-holding Capacity of Porcine Musculature Based on Released Water Method Using Optimal Load

Seon-Tea Joo 한국축산식품학회 2018 한국축산식품학회지 Vol.38 No.4

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the suitability of the released water (RW) method for measuring water-holding capacity (WHC) by pressure and filter-paper absorption within two thin plastic films. One hundred fifty pork loins with considerable variations in WHC (three pork qualities: PSE, pale, soft, and exudative; RFN, reddishpink, firm, and nonexudative; and DFD, dark, firm, and dry; 50 pork loins in each pork quality group) were used to measure drip loss (DL)% and RW % after applying different loads (1.5, 2.0, 2.5, 3.0 and 3.5 kg). Percentages of DL and RW were significantly (p<0.05) different among pork quality groups. The RW % of 2.5 kg load sample was significantly (p<0.05) higher than that of 2.0 kg or 1.5 kg load sample. However, there were no significant (p>0.05) differences in RW % among 2.5 kg, 3.0 kg, and 3.5 kg load samples for all three pork quality groups. The RW % was highly and positively correlated (r>0.95; p<0.001) with DL %. The highest correlation was observed between DL % and RW % of 2.5 kg load sample (r=0.97; p<0.001). Among all RW loads within each quality groups, the highest correlation between DL % and RW % was observed for 2.5 kg load sample (r=0.43, 0.66, and 0.46 for PSE, RFN and DFD quality groups, respectively, p<0.001). These results imply that applying 2.5 kg load is the best for determination of RW %. It is recommended as a reference method to assess DL % of pork muscles.

온도편차가 한우고기의 장기간 숙성 중 보수력, 연도, 지방산화 및 육색안전성에 미치는 영향

강선문,안달래,성필남,김진형,조수현,박범영,김윤석 한국식생활문화학회 2019 韓國食生活文化學會誌 Vol.34 No.6

This study investigated the effect of temperature deviation on the water-holding capacity, tenderness, lipid oxidation, andcolor stability of Korean Hanwoo (韓牛) beef during long-term aging. The striploins (M. longissimus lumborum) were agedfor 56 days at 2±1oC (T1), 2±2oC (T2), or 2±3oC (T3). Drip loss and cooking loss were higher (p<0.05) in T3 than in T1on day 56. The Warner-Bratzler shear force value was similar for all treatments during aging times. On day 56, the contentof 2-thiobarbituric acid reactive substances was higher (p<0.05) in T3 as compared to T1. The CIE L* and b* values weresimilar for all treatments, but the a* value was lower (p<0.05) in T3 than in T1 on the last day. These findings indicate thathigh temperature deviation adversely affects the water-holding capacity, lipid oxidation stability, and color stability ofHanwoo beef during long-term aging.

Effects of Surfactant Tween 80 on Enzymatic Accessibility and Degradation of Orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.) at Different Growth Stages

Goto, M.,Bae, Hee-Dong,Yahaya, M.S.,Karita, S.,Wanjae, K.,Baah, J.,Sugawara, K.,Cheng, K.J. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2003 Animal Bioscience Vol.16 No.1

The study evaluates the enzymatic dry matter (DM) degradability and water holding capacity of leaf and stem fractions of orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.) at different growth stages with or without the presence of surfactant Tween 80. While Tween 80 significantly (p<0.05) increased water and enzyme holding capacities in the leaf blades fraction, less was observed in the fraction of leaf sheath and stem of orchardgrass. The enzyme holding capacity in the leaves was also altered more than that for water holding capacity. This resulted in the increased rate and extent of enzymatic hydrolysis of the leaf blade fractions at two growth stages, whereas little was with leaf sheath and stem fractions. It was also observed that at 0.005% concentrations of Tween 80 the enzymatic DM degradability of young leaf blades was higher (p<0.05) by 20-30% compared to that of the control, as well as for water and enzyme holding capacity. For matured leaf blades the DM degradability were increased with over 0.01% concentrations of the surfactant, but the increase was less than leaf blades of young orchardgrass. This result suggests the possibility of using the surfactant Tween 80 to improve forage digestibility in the rumen.

조각자(주엽) 나무의 생리활성물질 Gleditschia이 비육돈육의 이화학적 성상에 미치는 영향

서종립,허정호,정명호,조명희,이국천,김국헌,하대식,류재두,김충희,김곤섭,김의경,김종수,Seo, Jong-Lip,Heo, Jung-Ho,Jung, Myung-Ho,Cho, Myung-Heui,Lee, Kuk-Cheon,Kim, Kuk-Hun,Hah, Dae-Shik,Ryu, Jae-Doo,Kim, Chung-Hui,Kim, Gon-Sup,Kim, Eui-Gy 대한수의학회 2005 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.45 No.4

The effects of dietary Gleditschia on fatty acid composition, lipid oxidation, and pork quality were investigated. Pigs (n=40) were fed a diet containing 0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.4, and 1% Gleditschia for 14 weeks and slaughtered at 110 kg average. The longissimus throracis et lumborum muscle was collected at 24 hr postmortem. Pork loin chops (3 cm thick) were packaged aerobically and stored at $4^{\circ}C$ for 7 days. Samples were analyzed for fatty acid composition, ultimate pH, thiobarbituric acid-reactive substance (TBARS), color ($L^*$, $a^*$, $b^*$), drip loss and water-holding capacity. There was no significant difference of moisture and crude fat percent in between treatment and control group, and the color stability of pork loin better in all treat groups was more improved during cold storage. The change of pH was significantly increased (p<0.05) in 0.2, 0.4, 1% treatment groups compare to the control group. Water-holding capacity of pig loins was significantly higher (p<0.05) in all treat groups than in control group; 0.2% treat group was the highest in the water holding capacity followed by 0.4, 1, and 0.1% treat groups. Less drip loss of pig loin was observed with samples from Gleditschia-fed pigs except 1% treat group. Unsaturated fatty acid were tend to be decreased and saturated fatty acid were tend to be increased in Gleditschia-treated group. Thiobarbituric acid-reactive substance value of control was significantly higher than that of the Gleditschia-fed group (p<0.05).

Effects of additional electrical stimulation and pre-rigor conditioning temperature on the ageing potential of hot-boned bovine muscles

Balan Prabhu,Farouk Mustafa M.,Staincliffe Maryann,Stuart Adam D,Kemp Robert,Craigie Cameron 아세아·태평양축산학회 2020 Animal Bioscience Vol.33 No.10

Objective: The aim of this study is to characterize the impact of additional electrical stimulation (AES) and various pre-rigor holding temperatures (for 3 h) on the ageing-potential of hot boned bovine M. longissimus lumborum (LL). Methods: Paired LL loins from 12 bulls were hot-boned within 40 min of slaughter, immediate AES applied and subjected to various holding temperatures (5°C, 15°C, 25°C, and 35°C) for 3 h. Results: AES did not accelerate the rate of rigor attainment, but the 3 h pre-rigor holding temperature did. Shear force values decreased as the pre-rigor holding temperatures increased. AES and holding for 3 h (at 25°C) resulted in higher water-holding capacity. Conclusion: Data confirmed that AES did not influence the various meat quality parameters in the present study, but pre-rigor holding temperature (25°C) alone or in combination with AES resulted in superior meat quality.

펠렛 피복물질의 물리, 화학적 특성이 당근 펠렛종자의 발아력에 미치는 영향

강점순(Jum Soon Kang),손병구(Beung Gu Son),최영환(Young Whan Choi),이용재(Yong Jae Lee),박영훈(Young Hoon Park),최인수(In Soo Choi) 한국생명과학회 2007 생명과학회지 Vol.17 No.12

펠렛의 목적은 기계화 정밀파종하여 파종과 솎음노력을 절감하는데 있다. 펠렛 피복물질의 용적밀도는 dialite, kaolin 및 talc 등이 낮았고 기공성은 높았다. 보수력이 우수한 피복물질은 bentonite와 dialite 이었으며, 184% 및 173%의 수분을 보유할 수 있었다. 반면 calcium carbonate, calcium oxide, fly ash등은 보수력이 낮은 펠렛 피복물질이었다. 펠렛 피복물질의 pH는 kaolin과 dialite에서 각각 6.8 및 7.4로 중성이었으나, limestone, calcium oxide, bentonite 등은 pH가 12.8, 13 및 10으로 강알카리였다. 전기전도도는 강알카리인 limestone, calcium oxide에서 높았다. 이와 같이 높은 pH와 전기전도도를 보인 피복물질들은 당근종자의 펠렛에 적합하지 않았다. 펠렛 피복물질를 EDS로 분석한 결과, Talc는 주성분이 Si (71%)이었고, Mg도 29% 함유하였다. 반면 calcium carbonate의 주요성분은 Ca (66.6%)이었으며, 이외에 Si (22.9%)와 Mg (10.5%)를 함유하였다. 펠렛 형성정도는 kaoline, talc 및 talc + calcium carbonate 혼합재료에서 우수하였다. 펠렛종자의 경도는 bentonite로 펠렛된 종자에서 가장 높았다. 수분흡수 후 펠렛층의 분해형태는 talc, limestone, zeolite, 및 fly ash는 열개형이었고, 용해형은 calcium carbonate와 calcium oxide등 이었다. 반면 bentonite와 vermiculite는 팽창형이었다. 수분흡수 후 펠렛층의 분해는 calcium carbonate 및 kaolin으로 펠렛된 종자에서 분해가 가장 빨랐다. 펠렛배율이 높아지면 발아속도(T50)는 지연되었다. 당근종자에서 적정 펠렛배율은 19배가 좋았다. Seed pelleting is generally conducted in order to save the labor for sowing and thinning by enabling the precision mechanical planting. In the present study, the influence of physical and chemical properties of pelleting solid materials was investigated on carrot seed germination. Among the pelleting solid materials evaluated, dialite, kaolin, and talc showed low bulk density and high porosity. Bentonite and dialite carried high water holding capacities of 184% and 173%, respectively, while calcium carbonate, calcium oxide, and fly ash showed relatively low water holding capacity. The pH of kaolin (6.8) and dialite (7.4) were close to neutral, while limestone (12.8), calcium oxide (13.0), and bentonite (10.0) were highly basic. High electro-conductivity was shown in limestone and calcium oxide. EDS analysis revealed that the main elemental compositions of talc were Si (71.0%) and Mg (29.0%), and those of calcium carbonate were Ca (66.6%), Si (22.9%), and Mg (10.5%). High granulation capacity was observed from talc and the mixture of talc and calcium carbonate. Seeds pelleted with bentonite showed the highest hardness. The dissolving type of the pellet layer after imbibition was split type in talc, limestone, zeolite, and fly ash, melt type in calcium carbonate and calcium oxide, and swell type in bentonite and vermiculite. The shortest dissolving time of pellet layer was observed from calcium carbonate and kaolin. The germination speed (T50) was delayed as the size of pelleted seeds increased. The optimum size of pelleting was 19 ratio in carrot.