제주 말[馬] 문화 관련 어휘 연구 1 -제주도 방언의 말 이름을 대상으로-

김순자 한국방언학회 2015 방언학 Vol.0 No.22

Words about horse names out of horse cultures in Jeju dialect are divided into 9 categories –breed, male and female, age, color, shape, how to run, usage, habitat and so on- and studied morphologically and semantically in this report. Studies about horse names are usually focused on loanwords from Mongolian and names according to hair colors until now. However, it is meaningful since horse names are sorted by 9 categories and studied semantically. 100 words about horse names researched in 5 villages –Seoguipo-si Pyoseonmyun Gasi-ri, Seongeup-ri, Jeju-si Doryun-dong, Jeju-si Gujwa-eup Songdang-ri, Jeju-si Hangyung-myun Josu 2-ri, and etc.- where ranching well develops are compared words to written sources. Horse names in Sino-Korean and loanblend are more than those spoken in Jeju native words. Among loanblend, there are many loanwords from Mongolian, for example, Mongolian+Jeju native words, Sino-Korean+Mogolian words. Many horse names about its color are from Mogolian and horse names about its shape and pattern are mainly from Jeju native words+Sino-Korean words. While horse names about sex, function and habitat are from Jeju native language. Mongolian words are used because Mongolian culture about horses directly affected that of Jeju. Some parts from current resources and footnote of horse names from Korean dictionary need to be complimented and modified because some words which are researched in this report are not on the list of Korean dictionary. Jeju dialect could be used to enrich the words about cultures about horses since Jeju has raised many horses and has variety of cultures about horses. 이 글은 제주도 방언의 말[馬] 문화 가운데 말 이름 관련 어휘 100개를 품종, 암수, 나이, 색깔, 모양, 주법, 용도, 서식 환경, 기타 등 9개 범주로 나누어 체계화하고, 이를 어휘 의미론적 측면에서 고찰하였다. 그동안 제주도 방언의 말 이름에 대한 고찰이 주로 몽골어 차용어의 규명과 모색에 따른 말 이름 명명 등에초점을 맞춰졌다면 이 글은 말 이름을 9개 범주로 나눠 어휘장을 확대하여 고찰하였다는 데 의의가 있다. 논의는 목축이 발달한 서귀포시 표선면 가시리와 성읍리, 제주시 구좌읍 송당리, 제주시 도련동, 제주시 한경면 조수2리 등 5개 마을 9명의 제보자에게 민족지학적 방법으로 조사한 말 이름 관련 어휘 100개를 문헌 자료와 선행 연구자료에 나타난 말 이름 등과 대비하며 이루어졌다. 논의 결과, 기존의 논의 자료와 국어사전에 올림말로 등재된 제주도 방언의 말 이름의 주석을 보완하거나수정이 필요한 어휘가 많다는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 말 이름 가운데는 사전의올림말로 올라 있지 않은 어휘도 있어 향후 사전을 보완할 때 이 자료가 참고가될 것이다.

Genome-wide analyses of the Jeju, Thoroughbred, and Jeju crossbred horse populations using the high density SNP array

김남영,성하승,김대철,박남건,양병철,손준규,신상민,우재훈,신문철,유지현,최정우 한국유전학회 2018 Genes & Genomics Vol.40 No.11

The Jeju horse is an indigenous Korean horse breed that is currently registered with the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. However, there is severe lack of genomic studies on Jeju horse. This study was conducted to investigate genetic characteristics of horses including Jeju horse, Thoroughbred and Jeju crossbred (Jeju × Thoroughbred) populations. We compared the genomes of three horse populations using the Equine SNP70 Beadchip array. Short-range Linkage disequilibrium was the highest in Thoroughbred, whereas r2 values were lowest in Jeju horse. Expected heterozygosity was the highest in Jeju crossbred (0.351), followed by the Thoroughbred (0.337) and Jeju horse (0.311). The level of inbreeding was slightly higher in Thoroughbred (− 0.009) than in Jeju crossbred (− 0.035) and Jeju horse (− 0.038). FST value was the highest between Jeju horse and Thoroughbred (0.113), whereas Jeju crossbred and Thoroughbred showed the lowest value (0.031). The genetic relationship was further assessed by principal component analysis, suggesting that Jeju crossbred is more genetically similar to Thoroughbred than Jeju horse population. Additionally, we detected potential selection signatures, for example, in loci located on LCORL/NCAPG and PROP1 genes that are known to influence body. Genome-wide analyses of the three horse populations showed that all the breeds had somewhat a low level of inbreeding within each population. In the population structure analysis, we found that Jeju crossbred was genetically closer to Thoroughbred than Jeju horse. Furthermore, we identified several signatures of selection which might be associated with traits of interest. To our current knowledge, this study is the first genomic research, analyzing genetic relationships of Jeju horse, Thoroughbred and Jeju crossbred.

Genetic Polymorphism of Jeju Horses by Microsatellite DNA Markers in Korea

Jung Eun Lee,Jae Hoon Shin,Young Min Yun,Kyung Kap Lee,Hang Lee,Oh Kyung Kweon,Yeo-Sung Yun,Jun Gyo Suh,Nam Shik Shin,Je Kyung Seong 한국실험동물학회 2010 Laboratory Animal Research Vol.26 No.2

We determined the genetic diversity and distance between Jeju and Thoroughbred horses by genotyping for 20 microsatellite loci consisting of (TG)n repetitive sequence. The expected heterozygosity ranged from 0.1 to 0.789 in the Jeju horses and from 0.505 to 0.824 in the Thoroughbred horses. Polymorphic information content (PIC) values ranged from 0.09 to 0.709 in the Jeju horses and 0.365 to 0.730 in Thoroughbred horses. There were no significant differences in heterozygosity and PIC values between Jeju and Thoroughbred horsesHowever, LEX035 was estimated relatively high heterozygosity (0.789) and PIC value 0.709) in Jeju horses and LEX050 was respectively 0.824, and 0.730 in the Thoroughbred horses. We may conclude that the genetic differentiation was low between Jeju and Thoroughbred horses. LEX 050, LEX055, LEX059 and LEX 063 could be used as geneticmarkers for differentiating Jeju from Thoroughbred horses.

제주산 말지방(Horse Fat)의 저장 안정성 향상에 관한 연구

김미선 ( Mi Seon Kim ),윤경섭 ( Kyung-sup Yoon ) 대한화장품학회 2020 대한화장품학회지 Vol.46 No.1

말지방(horse fat)은 아시아에서 효능 있는 원료로 알려져 있어, 말지방에 첨가제 수준에서 다른 성분을 혼합한 거의 말지방 자체를 완제품으로 판매하는 경우가 상당수 있다. 이런 경우 말지방 원료의 물성이 중요한데, 국내에서 정제된 말지방의 경우 온도 안정성이 낮아 저온에 보관하지 않으면 분리가 발생하는 불편한 점이 발생하기도 한다. 일본산 말지방의 경우 부분적으로 수소 첨가하거나 액체상과 고체상을 분리시켜 고체상을 말지방으로 사용하고 있어 제주산 말지방보다 더 단단하고 안정된 성상을 나타내고 있다. 본 연구에서는 제주산 말지방을 부분적으로 수소 첨가하는 공정 없이도 안정한 물성으로 향상시키기 위한 물성향상 실험을 진행하였다. 실험은 다양한 오일겔화제(oil gelling agent)를 사용하였으며 여러 차례 실험을 진행한 결과 hydroxystearic acid를 첨가한 제주산 말지방에서 가장 물성이 향상된 것을 확인하였다. 또한 hydroxystearic acid를 첨가시켜 개선된 제주산 말지방과 100% 제주산 말지방, 100% 일본산 말지방에 대해 실온(25 ℃), 항온(40 ℃, 45 ℃)에서 안정성 평가를 진행하였고, 각 말지방에 대해 온도별 유동거동을 평가한 결과 hydroxystearic acid를 첨가시켜 개선한 제주산 말지방이 일본산 말지방과 유사한 유동거동을 나타냈다. 또한 현미경으로 결정입자를 관찰한 경우, hydroxystearic acid 첨가에 따라 침상결정의 크기를 작게 함으로써 좀 더 열안정성을 향상시키는 것으로 나타났다. 이에 hydroxystearic acid를 첨가시켜 개선된 제주산 말지방은 실온에서 장시간 보관하여도 물성에 이상이 없음을 확인할 수 있었다. Horse fat is known to be an effective ingredient in Asia, and the horse fat itself, which is mixed with other ingredients at the additive level, is often sold as a finished product. In this case, physical properties of the horse fat raw material are important. Many horse fats produced in Korea (Jeju) have low temperature stability, so if not stored at low temperatures, segregation may occur. In the case of Japanese horse fat, it is partially hydrogenated or is used the solid phase as the horse fat by separating the liquid phase and the solid phase that is harder and more stable than the horse fat of Jeju. In this study, the physical properties were tested to improve the temperature stability even without the partial hydrogenation process of Jeju horse fat. Various oil gelling agents were used in the study. Results confirmed that the physical properties of the hydroxystearic acid added Jeju horse fat were improved. In addition, stability evaluations at temperatures of 25 ℃, 40 ℃, 45 ℃ and flow behavior evaluations at temperatures of 25 ℃, 30 ℃, 40 ℃ were performed for Jeju horse fat with hydroxystearic acid, 100% Jeju horse fat, and 100% Japanese horse fat. Results showed that the Jeju horse fat improved in flow behavior by adding hydroxystearic acid similar to that of Japanese horse fat. In addition, when the crystal state was observed under a microscope, the thermal stability was improved by decreasing the size of the needle-type crystals with the addition of hydroxystearic acid. Jeju horse fat containing hydroxystearic acid was found to have no physical problems even when stored at room temperature for a long time.

Comparison for immunophysiological responses of Jeju and Thoroughbred horses after exercise

Khummuang, Saichit,Lee, Hyo Gun,Joo, Sang Seok,Park, Jeong-Woong,Choi, Jae-Young,Oh, Jin Hyeog,Kim, Kyoung Hwan,Youn, Hyun-Hee,Kim, Myunghoo,Cho, Byung-Wook Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2020 Animal Bioscience Vol.33 No.3

Objective: The study was conducted to investigate variations in the immunophysiological responses to exercise-induced stress in Jeju and Thoroughbred horses. Methods: Blood samples were collected from the jugular veins of adult Jeju (n = 5) and Thoroughbred (n = 5) horses before and after 30 min of exercise. The hematological, biochemical, and immunological profiles of the blood samples were analyzed. Blood smears were stained and observed under a microscope. The concentration of cell-free (cf) DNA in the plasma was determined using real time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and polymorphonuclear cells were separated using Polymorphprep, and the expression of various stress-related and chemokine receptor genes was measured using reverse transcriptase (RT) and real-time PCR. Results: After exercise, Jeju and Thoroughbred horses displayed stress responses with significantly increased rectal temperatures, cortisol levels, and muscle catabolism-associated metabolites. Red blood cell indices were significantly higher in Thoroughbred horses than in Jeju horses after exercise. In addition, exercise-induced stress triggered the formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) and reduced platelet counts in Jeju horses but not in Thoroughbred horses. Heat shock protein 72 and heat shock protein family A (Hsp70) member 6 expression is rapidly modulated in response to exercise-induced stress in the PBMCs of Jeju horses. The expression of CXC chemokine receptor 4 in PBMCs was higher in Thoroughbred horses than in Jeju horses after exercise. Conclusion: In summary, the different immunophysiological responses of Jeju and Thoroughbred horses explain the differences in the physiological and anatomical properties of the two breeds. The physiology of Thoroughbred horses makes them suitable for racing as they are less sensitive to exercise-induced stress compared to that of Jeju horses. This study provides a basis for investigating the link between exercise-induced stresses and the physiological alteration of horses. Hence, our findings show that some of assessed parameters could be used to determine the endurance performance of horses.

제주마에서 Myostatin 유전자 변이 특성 구명

최재영(Jae-Young Choi),신광윤(Kwang-Yun Shin),이종안(Jongan Lee),신상민(Sang-Min Shin),강용준(Yong-Jun Kang),신문철(Moon-Cheol Shin),조인철(In-Cheol Cho),양병철(Byoung-Chul Yang),김남영(Nam-Young Kim) 한국생명과학회 2021 생명과학회지 Vol.31 No.12

제주마는 한국의 말 품종으로 제주도에서 오랜 기간 자생하여 왔다. 제주마의 기원은 몽골마에서 유래한 것으로 추정되었다. 그러나 최근 연구에서 제주마와 몽골 토종마를 비교 한 결과, 유전적으로 가까우나 제주마가 몽고마와 독립적으로 진화해 온 것으로 보고되었다. 제주마는 경주마로 이용되어 경주 능력이 주요한 경제 형질로 활용되고 있다. Myostatin (MSTN) 유전자는 다양한 포유류에서 골격근량에 영향을 미치는 것으로 연구되었다. Thoroughbred에서 MSTN 유전자 내 존재하는 변이가 경주 능력 및 스태미너에 영향을 미치는 것으로 알려져 있다. 우리는 제주마 1,433두를 포함하여 여러 말 품종의 MSTN 유전자내 변이 빈도를 비교하였다. MSTN 유전자의 g.66493737 변이 중 장거리 적성 유전자형(TT)의 경우 제주마에서 빈도가 0.826으로 한라마(0.285) 및 Thoroughbred(0.252)보다 높은 것으로 확인되었다. 또한 다른 연구를 참고하여 8종 말에서 g.66493737 빈도를 비교하였다. 그 결과, 경주마로 활용되는 품종은 CC형의 빈도가 높았으나, TT형의 빈도는 낮은 것으로 확인되었다. 반대로 승용마 및 역용마 등의 품종은 TT형의 빈도가 높은 것으로 확인되었다. 제주마의 경주 거리(400 m, 800 m, 900 m, 1,000 m, 1,110 m, 1,200 m)별로 유전자형과 도착 기록을 비교 분석했다. 그 결과 1,000 m 이하의 경주에서는 CT형이 TT형보다 더 빠른 도달 기록을 보였다. 그러나 1,110 m 이상의 경주에서는 거의 동일한 결과가 확인되었다. 본 연구에서는 제주마의 MSTN 유전자 변이가 경주 거리 적성과 관련이 있을 수 있음을 시사하였다. 이러한 결과는 추후 연구를 통해 제주마에서 경주 거리 적성 및 경주 능력과 연관된 마커 개발을 위한 자료로 활용이 가능할 것으로 사료된다. Jeju horse (Equus ferus caballus) is a Korean horse breed that has been native to Jeju Island for a long time. Jeju horses are used as racehorses, and their racing ability is a major economic trait. The role of the myostatin (MSTN) gene in skeletal muscle mass has been studied in various mammals, and mutations in the MSTN gene are known to affect the racing ability and stamina of thoroughbreds. In this study, we compared the frequency of mutations in the MSTN gene in several horse breeds, including 1,433 Jeju horses. Among the mutations (ECA18 g.66493737C>T) in the MSTN gene, the long-distance aptitude genotype (TT) was found to have a frequency of 0.826 in Jeju horses, which was higher than that in Halla horses (0.285) and thoroughbreds (0.252). The genotypes and arrival records of Jeju horses were compared according to various distances (400 m, 800 m, 900 m, 1,000 m, 1,110 m, and 1,200 m). According to the results, the CT type showed a faster-reaching record than the TT type in races of less than 1,000 m. However, almost identical results were confirmed in races over 1,110 m. This study suggests that the MSTN mutation in Jeju horses may be related to race distance aptitude. In future research, the data in this study can be used for developing markers related to race distance aptitude and racing abilities in Jeju horses.

특집1: 문학,문화콘텐츠의 지역성과 세계화-제주를 중심으로 : 제주의 교방 문화와 기생 활동에 대한 문헌 검토 - 제주 교방,기생 문화의 문화원형 탐색을 위하여

강경호 ( Kyung Ho Kang ) 반교어문학회 2015 泮橋語文硏究 Vol.0 No.40

본 연구는 제주의 교방 문화와 기생 활동의 문화콘텐츠화 기반 마련을 위해, 관련 문헌 자료를 검토하고 그 문화원형을 조명하는 데 목적이 있다. 그간 제주의 전통문화 연구에서 교방과 기생은 중요하게 다뤄지지 않은 대상이었다. 그러나 제주 교방은 지방 관아의 부속 기관으로 오랜 기간 존재해 왔고, 관련된 교방 문화와 예술은 그 담당층들 -기생, 악공 등- 에 의해 꾸준히 연행·전승되어 왔음을 주지할 필요가 있다. 제주에는 17세기 중반에 교방의 역할을 하고 있던 ‘장춘원’이 존재했던 것으로 보아 17세기 이전에 이미 교방이 설치되어 지방 관아의 행사와 연희를 관장하였음을 알 수 있다. 또한 제주 교방은 장춘원이라는 명칭으로 통칭되다가 18세기전후한 시기에 장춘원과 교방이라는 명칭으로 함께 존재하였다. 17~19세기 제주 교방의 기생 수는 시기에 따라 적게는 40여 명에서 많게는 80여명이 있었던 것으로 파악된다. 제주의 교방 풍류 및 기생들의 활동을 잘 보여주는 자료는 우선 이형상의 『탐라순력도』를 들 수 있다. <제주양로(濟州養老)>, <정의양로(旌義養老)>, <대정양로(大靜養老)> 등의 양로연에서는 <포구락> 등 당대 대표적 정재 종목 및 가곡 공연이 이루어졌다. <정방탐승(正方探勝)>, <병담범주(屛潭泛舟)>에서는 제주 뱃놀이의 실제적인 연희 양상이 담겨졌고, 가장 특색있는 모습이라 할수 있는 <귤림풍악(橘林風樂)>과 <고원방고(羔園訪古)>에는 감귤 과수원 속에서의 풍류악 장면이 상세히 그려져 있다. 제주 기생들의 활동상은 이형상의 『남환박물』, 임제의 『남명소승』, 신광수의 『석북집』, 김정의 『제주풍토록』, 김상헌의 『남사록』 등의 문헌자료를 통해서도 확인된다. 이러한 기록들 중 눈에 띄는 부분은 제주 기생이 말을 타고 달리는 모습에 대한 기록들이다. 임제의 『남명소승』, 신광수 『석북집』의 한시, 이능화는 『조선해어화사』(1927)에 기록된 내용을 통해 제주 기생들의 말 달리는 재예가 오랜 시간의 연습을 거쳐 쌓은 제주 기생만의 특색 있는 재예임을 알게 한다. 또한 제주 기생들이 가사(歌詞)를 불렀다는 기록들이 남아있어 흥미를 끈다. 먼저 김춘택이 제주에서 유배 시 지은 <별사미인곡>이 확인되며, 이 외 미인 곡류, 상사곡류의 가사를 제주 기생들이 불렀음이 여러 문헌에서 확인된다. 특히 <별사미인곡>은 차후 김춘택의 정인이었던 제주 기생 석례에게 불려지며 상사의 가사로 전승되었다. 이러한 논의를 정리하며 제주 교방과 기생 문화의 문화콘텐츠화 방향에 대해 간략히 언급하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 제주 교방 정재의 공연 문화를 활성화시킬 필요가 있다. 둘째, 제주 교방·기생만의 특색 있는 공연 및 연희를 기획하여 문화콘텐츠화 할 필요성이 요구된다. 셋째, 제주 기생들의 가창 문화를 현대적으로 재해석하여 문화콘텐츠화 할 수 있을 것이다. The purpose of this study was to review the literature that illuminates the Cultural Archetype which is for content of the Gyobang culture and Gisaeng activity of Jeju. Meanwhile, it was Gyobang and Gisaeng research on the traditional culture of Jeju are not covered important subject. However it Gyobang of Jeju came in existence a subsidiary agency of the local government office for such a long time. In this context culture and art of gyobang, By the Class in charge-Gisaeng, a court musician etc.-, steady performance and was handed down. In the 17th to 19th centuries, depending on the time of Jeju gyobang Gisaeng were 40-80 people. First, a good resource that can be seen Gyobang elegance and Gisaeng activity of Jeju can be given Tamrasunryeokdo of Lee-hyeongsang. The Yang-ro Yun such as Jeju Yang-ro, Jeongyui Yang-ro, Daejung Yang-ro played contemporary Jungjae, Gagok. Jeongbang Tamseung, Byeongdam Bumju was contained in a practical aspect of Jeju boating. Which can be called the most distinctive aspect Gyulrim Pungak and Gowon Bango There are elegance scene is depicted in detail in the a tangerine orchard. The Gisaeng activities of Jeju is confirmed through multiple literature. The Gisaeng is running record on horseback is the most prominent being recorded. The feat of riding a horse through literature Jeju Giaseng recorded content can be seen that the distinctive talents of Jeju only virgin gained through the practice of the time. In addition, Sang Gasa Jeju Giaseng attracts interest remains were recorded. First, Kim Chun-taek built during exile in Jeju Byulsamiingok. In addition confirmed in the literature which is called by Jeju Giaseng on Gasa of Miingok and Sangsagok. In particular, Byulsamiingok the lyrics were handed down by affection. cause of sang Jeju Giaseng Seokrye who is lover of Kim Chun-taek Briefly summarized this discussion and comment on the cultural content and direction of the Jeju Gyobang, Giaseng culture as follows. First, you need to activate the performance culture of Jeju Gyobang JungJae. Second, planning a distinctive performances in Jeju Gyobang, Giaseng the need for cultural content are required. Third, the singing culture of Jeju Giaseng can be reinterpreted by contemporary culture to the content.

Computed tomographic features of the temporomandibular joint in 10 Jeju horses

Lee, Seyoung,Lee, Eun-Bee,Park, Kyung-Won,Jeong, Hyohoon,Shin, Kwang-Yun,Kweon, Young-Park,Seo, Jong-pil The Korean Society of Veterinary Science 2022 Journal of Veterinary Science Vol. No.

Background: The equine temporomandibular joint (TMJ) has a complex anatomical structure that makes diagnosis of TMJ disorders difficult. Computed tomography (CT) is now available in equine medicine; hence, TMJ evaluation has become more convenient. Objectives: The objectives of this study were to describe the CT features of the TMJ in Jeju horses and to compare these features with those of Thoroughbreds. Methods: In this report, the TMJs of 10 Jeju horses (mean age: 4.5 ± 1.9 yr; mean body weight: 282.6 ± 40.3 kg) and 6 Thoroughbreds (mean age: 7.3 ± 1.6 yr; mean body weight: 479.7 ± 44.0 kg) were examined using CT. After CT scanning, the Hounsfield units (HU) and height to width ratio (H:W) of the mandibular condyle were measured. Results: The mean H:W in Jeju horses was significantly lower than that in Thoroughbreds. The mean HU in Jeju horses was lower than that in Thoroughbreds; however, the difference was not significant. The most frequent CT finding was an irregular medial margin of the mandibular condyle in both breeds. Conclusions: In this study, the shape of the mandibular condyle in Jeju horses was flatter than that in Thoroughbreds. This report could be useful in evaluating the TMJ in Jeju horses. Moreover, CT could be a pragmatic choice for the examination of the TMJ in horses.

Computed tomographic features of the temporomandibular joint in 10 Jeju horses

Lee, Seyoung,Lee, Eun-Bee,Park, Kyung-Won,Jeong, Hyohoon,Shin, Kwang-Yun,Kweon, Young-Park,Seo, Jong-pil The Korean Society of Veterinary Science 2022 Journal of Veterinary Science Vol.23 No.3

Background: The equine temporomandibular joint (TMJ) has a complex anatomical structure that makes diagnosis of TMJ disorders difficult. Computed tomography (CT) is now available in equine medicine; hence, TMJ evaluation has become more convenient. Objectives: The objectives of this study were to describe the CT features of the TMJ in Jeju horses and to compare these features with those of Thoroughbreds. Methods: In this report, the TMJs of 10 Jeju horses (mean age: 4.5 ± 1.9 yr; mean body weight: 282.6 ± 40.3 kg) and 6 Thoroughbreds (mean age: 7.3 ± 1.6 yr; mean body weight: 479.7 ± 44.0 kg) were examined using CT. After CT scanning, the Hounsfield units (HU) and height to width ratio (H:W) of the mandibular condyle were measured. Results: The mean H:W in Jeju horses was significantly lower than that in Thoroughbreds. The mean HU in Jeju horses was lower than that in Thoroughbreds; however, the difference was not significant. The most frequent CT finding was an irregular medial margin of the mandibular condyle in both breeds. Conclusions: In this study, the shape of the mandibular condyle in Jeju horses was flatter than that in Thoroughbreds. This report could be useful in evaluating the TMJ in Jeju horses. Moreover, CT could be a pragmatic choice for the examination of the TMJ in horses.

말 산업특구 지정에 따른 제주도 레저승마 활성화 방안

최철영 한국융합학회 2017 한국융합학회논문지 Vol.8 No.8

2014년 제주도가 말 산업특구 1호로 지정된 후, 2015년에는 경기도 이천, 용인과 함께 경상북도가 말 산업 특구로 추가 지정되면서 제주도는 이제 더 이상 말의 고장이라는 수식어는 사라지게 되었다, 또한, 환경 및 접근성으로 인해 타 지자체와의 경쟁력에서도 뒤쳐질 수도 있으며, 과거에 회자되었던 “사람이 태어나면 서울로 보내고, 말이 태어나면 제주도로 보내라”라는 말은 머나먼 속담 같은 옛말이 되어버렸다. 하지만, 제주도는 말 산업특구 1호로 지정되면서 제주도가 우리나라 말 산업육성의 선도지역으로 역할을 수행할 것을 기대하고 있으며, 말 산업을 6차 산업으로 육성한 모범적 사례를 창출해야 하는 과제를 안게 되었다. 또한 말 산업특구 진흥계획에 의해 2017년까지 엘리트 국산 경주마 공급, 승마 수요기반 확충, 마육 산업 육성 등 9개 분야 35개 사업에 1142억 원을 투자해 나갈 계획이다. 그러나 시설확충과 승마 저변 확대에 나서고 있지만, 현장에서는 정책 지원이 피부에 와 닿지 않고 사업 집행의 효율성이 떨어진다는 의견이 제기되었고, 과도한 규제로 인한 승마시설의 공급부족과 승마 수요확대의 한계 등 많은 문제점들의 노출로 인하여 말 산업 성장의 제약요인으로 작용하고 있으며, 말 산업이 발전되기 위해서 말의 사육, 승마시설의 설치 등 각종 말 산업 관련 투자에 대한 규제가 완화되어야 하는데, 발전을 저해하는 가장 큰 규제로는 농어촌 승마시설의 농지설치 규제 개선과 함께 이를 통해 무허가로 운영 중인 승마시설들을 양성화하여 승마산업의 질적 성장을 도모해야 한다. 아울러 단순히 체험하는 관광형승마가 아닌 정기적으로 안전하고 건전한 레저승마를 즐길 수 있도록 정책과 안전관리가 필요하며, 승마자격을 갖춘 지도사양성과 배치에 노력을 기울여야 할 것으로 사료된다. Jeju-do was designated as the ‘first horse industry special zone’ in 2014, followed by additional designation of horse industry special zones in Icheon, Yongin of Gyeonggi-do and Gyeongsangbuk-do in 2015. As a result, horses have become no more synonymous with Jeju-do. Jeju-do may see its competitive edge becoming blunt, compared to other local governments, due to its environmental characteristics and accessibility. The Korean proverb, “Send people to Seoul and horses to Jeju-do”, has become an old saying that does not match reality. However, Jeju-do, designated as the first horse industry special zone, is expected to play a leading role in cultivation of domestic horse industry and faces a challenge of creating exemplary cases of success in transforming horse industry into the senary (6th) industry. In addition, KRW 114.2 billion is planned to be invested into 35 projects covering 9 sectors, including supply of elite domestic racing horses, expansion of demand basis for horse-riding, cultivation of horse meat industry, etc., by 2017 as envisioned by the horse industry special zone promotion plan. Despite expansion of facilities and demand base for horse-riding, those at the sites point out that government support at policy level has not come home to their hearts and criticism has been mounting that project efficiency remains low. Factors hindering the growth of horse industry, which have come to the fore, include inadequate supply of horse-riding facilities, limitation to expansion of demand for horse-riding, etc., due to excessive regulation. Advancement of horse industry requires wide-ranging deregulation on investment related to horse industry, including horse breeding and horse-riding facility installation, etc. Regulation which is deemed to be the biggest stumbling block to advancement of horse industry is related to the regulation requiring formation of farmland at horse-riding facilities in farming and fishery villages. Along with improvement in such regulations, horse-riding facilities without license should be legalized to promote qualitative growth of horse-riding industry. Moreover, efforts should be made to develop and deploy instructors with horse-riding license in order to develop horse-riding into a full-fledged leisure beyond simple experience auxiliary to tourism, thus ensuring that people can enjoy leisure style horse-riding regularly in safe and healthy manners. It would be necessary to add fresh momentum into efforts to turn Jeju-do into the hub of well-being leisure horse-riding by pooling our wisdom.