지속학습활동에 대한 영향요인 고찰: 개인수준 목표지향성과 팀 수준 학습행동

김지혜,한태영 한국기업교육학회 2011 기업교육과인재연구 Vol.13 No.2

The purpose of this study is to identify effects of individual level factors and team level factors on continuous learning activity in the team context. This study examined the goal orientation's complexity in which a moderating effect of proving goal orientation and learning goal orientation on continuous learning activity at the individual level. This study also examined the effect of team learning behavior at the team level on continuous learning activity and the cross-level effect of team conflict management effectiveness on the relationship between proving goal orientation and continuous learning activity. This study conducted a survey research method that collected a data of 270 employees at 66 teams in 32 domestic companies. The study found the positive effect of proving goal orientation on the continuous learning activity at the individual level. It also found the negative moderating effect of learning goal orientation on the relationship between proving goal orientation and continuous learning activity. The study also found the positive effect of team learning behavior on the continuous learning activity at the team level, while it did not find a significant moderating effect of team conflict management effectiveness on the relationship between proving goal orientation and continuous learning activity. From these results the study provided following theoretical and practical implications; In order to develop the employees' continuous learning activity, organizations should identify the learning objectives individual members objective, improve organizational environments to increase the level of goal orientation and learning goal orientation, and provide the assistance at the team level. 본 연구의 목적은 지속학습활동에 영향을 미치는 개인수준 및 팀수준의 영항력을 살펴보는 것이다. 개인은 지속적이고 자발적인 학습활동을 통해 급속도로 변화하는 직무 변화에 대처할 수 있다. 이러한 대처 능력을 통해 조직 구성원들의 직무수행 능력은 보다 향상되어 궁극적으로 조직의 성장에 기여하게 된다. 따라서 조직은 구성원들이 자발적 학습 효과를 높일 수 있도록 학습 방향을 설정해주고 학습 환경을 조성해 주어야 한다. 이에 본 연구에서는 개인수준에서는 지속학습활동에 대한 증명목표지향성과 학습목표지향성이 지속학습활동에 미치는 조절효과를 검증하여 학습목표의 복합성을 파악하였다. 또한 팀수준에서는 개인의 학습을 지원해주는 학습환경을 살펴보기 위해 지속학습활동에 대한 팀학습행동의 영향 및 증명목표지향성과 지속학습활동에 대한 팀갈등관리 풍토의 교차수준의 영향을 살펴보았다. 본 연구는 국내 32개 기업의 66개 팀에서 270명을 대상으로 자료를 수집하였다. 분석 결과 개인수준에서는 증명목표지향성은 개인의 지속학습활동에 정적으로 유의미하게 영향을 미쳤으며, 증명목표 지향성과 학습목표지향성의 조절효과는 지속학습활동에 부적으로 유의미한 효과를 보이는 것으로 나타났다. 팀수준에서는 팀학습행동이 개인의 지속학습활동에 정적으로 영향을 미쳤으나, 증명목표지향성이 지속학습에 미치는 정적인 영향은 팀갈등관리 풍토에 의해 유의미하게 조절되지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 이와 같은 결과를 바탕으로 조직이 구성원들의 지속학습활동을 높이기 위해서는 학습목적이 무엇인지 파악하여 증명목표지향성과 학습목표지향성을 높일 수 있는 조직 환경을 조성해주고, 팀차원의 지원을 제공해야 한다는 점을 제안하였다.

고등학생의 학업적 자기효능감과 학습몰입 간의 관계에서 성취목표지향성의 매개효과

최미경(Mi-Kyung Choi),조규판(Gyu-Pan Cho) 한국열린교육학회 2022 열린교육연구 Vol.30 No.6

본 연구의 목적은 고등학생의 학업적 자기효능감과 학습몰입간의 관계에서 성취목표지향성의 매개효과를 알아보는 것이다. 연구의 목적을 위해 부산시 소재 B고등학교 학생 299명을 대상으로 설문을 실시하였으며, 최종적으로 287명의 자료를 분석하였다. 학업적 자기효능감, 학습몰입, 성취목표지향성 간의 관계를 알아보기 위해 상관분석을 실시하였고, 성취목표지향성의 매개효과를 검증하기 위해 회귀분석을 실시하였다. 본 연구의 결과와 논의를 통해 얻은 결론은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 학업적 자기효능감, 학습몰입, 성취목표지향성 간에는 유의미한 상관이 있다. 둘째, 학업적 자기효능감과 학습몰입 간의 관계에서 숙달접근목표지향성은 부분매개효과가 있다. 셋째, 학업적 자기효능감과 학습몰입 간의 관계에서 수행접근목표지향성은 부분매개효과가 있다. 이러한 결과를 바탕으로 고등학생들의 학습몰입을 촉진하기 위해 성취목표지향성 유형을 고려하여 학교 현장에서 효율적 학습에 대한 교육적 방향을 제시하는 것이 필요하다. The purpose of this study is to investigate the mediating effects of achievement goal orientation on the relationship between academic self-efficacy and learning flow of high school students. For the purpose of this study, a questionnaire was conducted on 299 students of B high school located in Busan, and the data of 287 students were finally analyzed. Correlation analysis was performed to examine the relationship among academic self-efficacy, learning flow, and achievement goal orientation; regression analysis was performed to verify the mediating effects of achievement goal orientation. The conclusions from the results and discussions are as follows. First, there are significant correlations among academic self-efficacy, learning flow, and achievement goal orientation. Second, mastery approach goal orientation has a partial mediating effect between academic self-efficacy and learning flow. Third, performance approach goal orientation has a partial mediating effect between academic self-efficacy and learning flow. Based on these conclusions, it is necessary to present an educational direction for effective learning in the school field by considering the achievement goal-oriented type in order to promote the learning flow of high school students.

중소기업의 학습지향성 : 선행요인과 결과

유봉호 한국중소기업학회 2011 기업가정신과 벤처연구 Vol.14 No.3

This study examined the mediated effect of learning orientation between ‘entrepreneurial orientation, market orientation’ and ‘employee, firm performance’, to investigate the casual relationship among entrepreneurial orientation, market orientation and learning orientation, and its effect on firm performance. For this, 215 copies of questionnaires collected from small and medium sized companies. From this results, Frist it was verified that entrepreneurial orientation was the antecedents for market orientation. Second, market orientation showed the partially mediated effect between entrepreneurial orientation and learning orientation. In other words, organization’s entrepreneurial orientation had direct effect on learning orientation and indirect effect on learning orientation, through market orientation. Third, entrepreneurial orientation and market orientation had the positive effect on learning orientation. Fourth, learning orientation had the positive effect on employee and business performance. Finally, the learning orientation, at the heart of this study, all mediated the relations among entrepreneurial orientation, market orientation, employee and business performance, except mediating the relations among entrepreneurial orientation and business performance. The findings from this study, will suggest the importance of organization characteristics, such as entrepreneurial orientation, market orientation and learning orientation, and the implications for making the necessity of these organizational characteristics be perceived. 중소기업의 경영성과를 높이기 위해서는 자원을 확보하고 이를 잘 활용하는 것이 중요하다. 무형자원은 유형자원에 비해 적은 비용으로 자원을 확보할 수 있고, 경쟁사의 모방이 어려워 비교우위 경쟁력을 강화시켜 줄 수 있어 더욱 중요하다. 오늘날 기업은 이를 인식하고 학습문화를 조성하는 등 많은 관심을 기울이고 있다. 이와 같은 추세에 부응하여, 학습지향성과 같은 조직의 문화적 성향을 띠고 있는 기업가지향성, 시장지향성에 대한 연구들이 발표되고 있다. 이에 따라 본 연구는 이와 같은 조직특성의 중요성을 인식하고, 이들 간의 인과관계와 기업성과에 미치는 영향을 살펴보고자, 기업가․시장지향성과 종업원(조직몰입, 단결심)․경영성과 간에 학습지향성의 매개효과를 검증하였다. 이를 위해 중소기업 임직원으로부터 회수된 설문지 215부를 확인적 요인분석과 구조방정식모형으로 분석하였다. 분석결과, 첫째, 기업가지향성이 시장지향성의 선행변수임이 검증되었다. 둘째, 시장지향성이 기업가지향성과 학습지향성 간에 부분매개 효과를 보였으며, 셋째, 기업가지향성과 시장지향성이 학습지향성에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 넷째, 학습지향성이 종업원성과(조직몰입, 단결심)와 경영성과에 긍정적인 영향을 미쳤다. 다섯째, 본 연구의 핵심이라 할 수 있는 학습지향성이 기업가․시장지향성과 종업원성과(조직몰입, 단결심) 간에 매개효과를 보였으며, 시장지향성과 경영성과 간에 매개효과를 나타냈다. 그러나 기업가지향성과 경영성과 간의 매개효과는 보이지 않았다. 결과적으로, 조직의 기업가지향성과 시장지향성은 종업원성과(조직몰입, 단결심)와 경영성과에 직접 영향을 미치기 보다는, 학습지향성의 매개를 통해서 더욱 강한 효과를 보이는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구결과는 중소기업 경영에 있어서, 기업가지향성, 시장지향성, 학습지향성과 같은 조직특성의 중요성을 제기함으로써, 이러한 기업문화 조성의 필요성을 깊이 인식시켜줄 수 있는 시사점을 제공할 것이다.

학술연구 : 중소기업의 학습지향성 : 선행요인과 결과

유봉호 ( Bong Ho Yoo ) 한국중소기업학회 2011 기업가정신과 벤처연구 Vol.14 No.3

중소기업의 경영성과를 높이기 위해서는 자원을 확보하고 이를 잘 활용하는 것이 중요하다. 무형자원은 유형자원에 비해 적은 비용으로 자원을 확보할 수 있고, 경쟁사의 모방이 어려워 비교우위 경쟁력을 강화시켜 줄 수 있어 더욱 중요하다. 오늘날 기업은 이를 인식하고 학습문화를 조성하는 등 많은 관심을 기울이고 있다. 이와 같은 추세에 부응하여, 학습지향성과 같은 조직의 문화적 성향을 띠고 있는 기업가지향성, 시장지향성에 대한 연구들이 발표되고 있다. 이에 따라 본 연구는 이와 같은 조직특성의 중요성을 인식하고, 이들 간의 인과관계와 기업성과에 미치는 영향을 살펴보고자, 기업가·시장지향성과 종업원(조직몰입, 단결심)·경영성과 간에 학습지향성의 매개효과를 검증하였다. 이를 위해 중소기업 임직원으로부터 회수된 설문지 215부를 확인적 요인분석과 구조방정식모형으로 분석하였다. 분석결과, 첫째, 기업가지향성이 시장지향성의 선행변수임이 검증되었다. 둘째, 시장지향성이 기업가지향성과 학습지향성 간에 부분매개 효과를 보였으며, 셋째, 기업가지향성과 시장지향성이 학습지향성에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 넷째, 학습지향성이 종업원성과(조직몰입, 단결심)와 경영성과에 긍정적인 영향을 미쳤다. 다섯째, 본 연구의 핵심이라 할 수 있는 학습지향성이 기업가·시장지향성과 종업원성과(조직몰입, 단결심) 간에 매개효과를 보였으며, 시장지향성과 경영성과 간에 매개효과를 나타냈다. 그러나 기업가지향성과 경영성과 간의 매개효과는 보이지 않았다. 결과적으로, 조직의 기업가지향성과 시장지향성은 종업원성과(조직몰입, 단결심)와 경영성과에 직접 영향을 미치기 보다는, 학습지향성의 매개를 통해서 더욱 강한 효과를 보이는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구결과는 중소기업 경영에 있어서, 기업가지향성, 시장지향성, 학습지향성과 같은 조직특성의 중요성을 제기함으로써, 이러한 기업문화 조성의 필요성을 깊이 인식시켜줄 수 있는 시사점을 제공할 것이다. This study examined the mediated effect of learning orientation between ``entrepreneurial orientation, market orientation`` and ``employee, firm performance``, to investigate the casual relationship among entrepreneurial orientation, market orientation and learning orientation, and its effect on firm performance. For this, 215 copies of questionnaires collected from small and medium sized companies. From this results, Frist it was verified that entrepreneurial orientation was the antecedents for market orientation. Second, market orientation showed the partially mediated effect between entrepreneurial orientation and learning orientation. In other words, organization`s entrepreneurial orientation had direct effect on learning orientation and indirect effect on learning orientation, through market orientation. Third, entrepreneurial orientation and market orientation had the positive effect on learning orientation. Fourth, learning orientation had the positive effect on employee and business performance. Finally, the learning orientation, at the heart of this study, all mediated the relations among entrepreneurial orientation, market orientation, employee and business performance, except mediating the relations among entrepreneurial orientation and business performance. The findings from this study, will suggest the importance of organization characteristics, such as entrepreneurial orientation, market orientation and learning orientation, and the implications for making the necessity of these organizational characteristics be perceived.

성인학습자의 학습지향성에 따른 학습몰입 및 학습성과에 미치는 영향 연구

김세은,오수연 한국미용학회 2024 한국미용학회지 Vol.30 No.1

This study confirmed how adult learners' learning orientation affects learning outcomes and empirically analyzed the mediating effect of learning flow. Based on previous research at home and abroad, theories of learning orientation, learning flow, and learning outcomes were reviewed, and a research model and hypothesis were derived based on the theories. Of the 200 returned survey responses, 186 were selected, excluding 14 inappropriate ones, and were subjected to final analysis. The results of this study are as follows. The activity-oriented, learning-oriented, and goal-oriented types of adult learners' learning orientation were found to have a significant effect on learning flow, and learning flow had a significant effect on learning performance. The learning-oriented and goal-oriented types of learning orientation influenced learning outcomes, and learning flow was found to mediate the relationship between the activityoriented, learning-oriented, and goal-oriented types of learning orientation and learning outcomes. What can be seen from these results is that in order for adult learners to participate in learning activities and increase awareness of learning outcomes according to learner orientation, it is necessary to provide various opportunities and incentive systems at lifelong education institutions to increase learning immersion. I'm doing it. Therefore, differentiated lifelong education programs are needed by distinguishing the learning orientation of adult learners.

유통기업 교육훈련 참가자의 학습전이에 목표지향성과 피드백 추구행동이 미치는 영향

김주연 ( Juyeon Kim ),김종인 ( Jong-in Kim ) 한국생산성학회 2019 生産性論集 Vol.33 No.1

This study examined the effects of goal orientation on learning transfer and the mediated effects of feedback-seeking behaviors in these relationships. The study surveyed 430 trainees participating in 27 training programs conducted by a local distributor with more than 1,000 employees, and out of these, 354 respondents(82.3 percent), were surveyed. This study has theoretical and empirical implications in that it is a dynamic phenomenon resulting from feedback seeking behavior that is part of the trainer‘s proactive efforts, rather than a static phenomenon that occurs naturally for learning transfer. Research has shown that learning goal orientation and prove performance goal orientation have a positive effect on the learning transfer and avoid goal orientation have a negative effect on the learning transfer. The results of the survey on the mediation effects of feedback seeking behavior show that only positive feedback seeking behavior mediate the relationship between learning goal orientation and learning transfer. Based on these findings, the following points are discussed. First, this study has a theoretical significance in that many prior studies that examined the effect of goal orientation on learning transfer have examined the efforts of the trainee on active learning transfer, focusing on the dynamic characteristics of feedback-seeking behavior, whereas they have focused on psychological and static characteristics. In order for the effective learning transfer, the intention and effort to utilize the knowledge and skills acquired through the training program in real life work are necessary, especially feedback is critical in obtaining additional information that is not covered by the training program. In the knowledge-based industry, the deepening expertise of individuals has made it very difficult for bosses and colleagues to evaluate individuals and feedback knowledge and skills that would help them improve performance or learn from them in the past. Therefore, individuals within an organization are actively pursuing feedback rather than simply waiting for feedback because they require a variety of information for identification of their work or behavior and career management. Thus, the feedback-seeking behaviors discussed in this study have important implications for knowledge-based industries. The distribution industry discussed in this study is also currently a leading knowledge-based industry. Competition among distribution companies is getting fiercer due to the recent changes in distribution environment, such as a decrease in consumers‘ income and a change in lifestyle with family members. As a result, distribution companies are investing heavily in hardware, as well as developing new products and services that consumers’ needs. Among these investments, human resources such as training are also becoming more active. The relationship between the variables discussed in this study is significant as none has been studied in the domestic distribution industry so far. First, we want to suggest that, even if companies are actively investing in training, leadership and organizational culture must be in place to give positive feedback on their efforts before learning can be achieved. Second, the previous studies that examined the effect of goal orientation on learning transfer discussed in this study were mainly conducted on the manufacturing industry. This study is meaningful in that it has improved the possibility of more generalization in terms of examining the effect of goal orientation. In addition, distribution companies, which were relatively passive in training compared to manufacturing, have recently begun to actively invest in human resources such as training due to increased competition among distribution companies, and in order to improve the learning transfer, a substantial result of the investment in these training programs, we suggest that companies need to select trainees for training programs based on goal orientation.

기술혁신형 중소벤처기업의 기업가적 지향성, 조직학습, 사회적 자본, 성과와의 관계 분석

문혜선 ( Hye Seon Moon ),이상명 ( Sang Myung Lee ) 한국중소기업학회 2016 中小企業硏究 Vol.38 No.1

기업가적 지향성은 기업의 성과 창출에 기여하는 주요 요인 중 하나로서 그동안 기업가정신과 기업 성과와의 관계에 대해 많은 논의들이 이루어져 왔다. 그러나 기업가적 지향성은 성과 창출에 필요한 구체적인 기업의 행동이나 실행과정이 아니라 이를 뒷받침하는 기업의 태도 및 경향성을 의미한다. 따라서 이러한 경향성이 어떤 구체적 실행과정을 거쳐 성과로 실현되는지, 그 경로에 대한 이해가 필요하지만 아직까지 관련 논의가 미흡한 실정이다. 따라서 본 연구는 기업가적 지향성이 어떤 실행과정을 통해 기업 성과로 창출되는지를 조직학습의 매개효과 검증을 통해 논의하였다. 또한 기업이 조직학습을 통해 성과를 창출하는 과정에서 조직학습의 매개효과를 촉진하는 기업 내부의 요인으로서 사회적 자본의 역할을 논의하였다. 기술혁신형 중소벤처기업을 대상으로 실증분석을 수행한 결과 조직학습의 매개효과가 유의하게 나타남으로써 기업가적 지향성은 조직학습 실행과정을 통해 기업 성과로 실현됨을 알 수 있었다. 또한 기업 내부 사회적 자본의 구조적 측면과 관계적 측면이 기업가적 지향성이 조직학습을 매개로 기업성과에 영향을 미치는 과정에 미치는 조절효과를 분석한 결과, 사회적 자본의 관계적 측면은 기업가적 지향성을 바탕으로 조직학습을 통해 성과를 창출하는 과정에서 긍정적 조절효과를 갖지만, 사회적 자본의 구조적 측면은 영향을 미치지 못하는 것으로 나타났다. Entrepreneurial orientation has been considered to be a major factor that contributes to firms`` performances. Therefore, there have been many previous researches on the relationship between entrepreneurial orientation and firms`` performances. However, entrepreneurial orientation is managerial attitude that gives a firm a basis for strategic decisions and it should be differentiated from entrepreneurial actions. In this regard, it is necessary to understand the process on how entrepreneurial orientation contributes to firms`` performance. Hence, this study intends to examine which process mediates entrepreneurial orientation and firms`` performance from the perspective of organizational learning. We also try to discuss which factor moderates the relationship between organizational learning and firms`` performance. Particularly, we focus on internal factors of firms as moderating variables because small and medium enterprises often depends on internal resources and capability in the organizational learning process. So, we discuss internal social capital such as structural social capital and relational social capital as moderating variables. The empirical analysis shows that organizational learning mediate the relationship between entrepreneurial orientation and firms`` performance. It implies that entrepreneurial orientation has no direct impact on performances but impacts on firms`` performance through organizational learning. Entrepreneurial orientation can be implemented and integrated during the process of organizational learning. Firms can also transfer entrepreneurial orientation into action and create new knowledge by the process. So, the performance of a firm depends on how it implements organizational learning actively. Hence, it is recommended that firms focus how to encourage organizational learning as well as how to raise entrepreneurial orientation for their growth and better performance. Specifically, small and medium enterprises whose resources and capabilities are limited need to commit their resources and capabilities to organizational learning for their performance. Next, in terms of the moderating effect of internal social capital, the results show structural social capital which means the pattern of networks between employees and divisions has no significant effect on the relationship between organizational learning and firms`` performance, while relational social capital which includes network strength and trust between employees and divisions has positive impact on the relationship. This result implies that neither the number of employees who attend meeting and internal relationship nor the number of meeting has no impact on the relationship between organizational learning and firms`` performance. On the other hand, relational social capital that includes strong bond and trust between employees showed a positive impact on the relationship between organizational learning and performance. Therefore, the higher relational social capital, it facilitate the relationship between organizational learning and performance. Hence, firms are recommended to focus on strengthen the quality of intra-organizational relationship and trust between employees rather than on increase the number of meeting and employees who attend intra-organizational relationship for better performance from organizational learning.

상사와 부하의 쌍(dyad) 관계에서 목표성향의 효과에 관한 연구

신수영(Soo Young Shin),박원우(Won Woo Park) 한국경영학회 2014 經營學硏究 Vol.43 No.3

Since numerous research studies on motivation focus on a motivational framework for individuals` interpretation of reactions to goals in an achievement situation, goal orientation is an emerging theme in organizational research. This study shows the mechanism of goal orientation and proximal contexts for activating the various sub-dimensions of goal orientation. In keeping with the P-E fit and the trait activation theory, individual orientation can be activated or deactivated by situational elements such as leader characteristics. This study investigates the following hypotheses: H1: Employee and supervisor learning orientation have a positive interaction effect on employee proactive behavior. H2: Employee and supervisor performance-proving orientation have a positive interaction effect on employee self-presentation behavior. H3: Employee learning orientation and supervisor performance-proving orientation have a negative interaction effect on employee proactive behavior. H4: Employee performance-proving orientation and supervisor learning orientation have a negative interaction effect on employee self-presentation behavior. Data were collected using questionnaires distributed to employees and their coworkers across nine different organizations located in South Korea. A total of 155 supervisor-subordinate dyads were sampled for the statistical analysis, and hierarchical linear modeling (HLM 6.0) was used to test the suggested model. As predicted, results confirmed that employee and supervisor learning orientation have a positive interaction effect on employee proactive behavior, thereby supporting H1. Further, employee learning orientation and supervisor performance-proving orientation have a negative interaction effect on employee proactive behavior, thereby supporting H3. However, the relationship between employee performance-proving orientation and self-presentation behavior was not moderated by supervisor orientation. The results of this study have important theoretical and practical implications. First, the supervisor`s learning orientation activates the subordinate`s learning orientation, while the supervisor`s performance-proving orientation constrains the subordinate`s learning orientation. In addition, the supervisor`s learning orientation also activates the subordinate`s. This shows that person-supervisor fit research should be explained not by only focusing on similarity but also by examining situation strength. Limitations of prior goal orientation research are also discussed in order to facilitate better future research.

중소기업 최고경영자의 변혁적리더십이 기업성과에 미치는 영향

정대용,박권홍 한국경영교육학회 2010 경영교육연구 Vol.62 No.-

기존의 시간과 공간개념을 넘어선 글로벌시대에 기업간 경쟁이 더욱 치열해짐에 따라 기업평균 수명은 점점 짧아지고 있다. 기업의 최고경영자는 급변하는 경영환경에서 기업의 생존과 성장을 이끌기 위해 새로운 리더십을 갈망하고 있으며 그 대안으로 변혁적 리더십이 다른 리더십과 비교하여 높은 조직성과를 이끌어 내는 리더십인지 관심을 받고 있다. 이러한 관심을 반영하듯 다양한 조직형태에서 변혁적리더십에 대한 많은 연구가 발표되어 왔으나 그 중 대다수가 자아효능감과 직무만족, 조직시민행동 등을 변혁적 리더십의 종속변수로 설정하여 조직성과에 유의한 영향을 미치는 연구논문이었다. 그나마 중소기업에게 관심을 끄는 소수의 연구결과도 변혁적리더십과 혁신성과의 관계, 변혁적 리더십과 학습지향성관계 등 부분적인 연구가 발표되어 변수간 전체적인 인과관계를 파악하기 쉽지 않은 측면이 있었다. 선행연구를 구체적으로 살펴보면 대기업을 대상으로 연구한 결과를 제외한 중소기업만을 대상으로 변혁적리더십에 대한 연구는 그리 많지 않은 실정이다. 우선 홍소식(2007), 김강호(2008), 성백순(2008) 등이 중소기업을 대상으로 변혁적리더십이 시장지향성에 유의한 영향을 미친다는 연구를 발표한 바 있다. 이상과 같은 최근 선행연구의 특징을 살펴보면 조사대상이 중소기업일지라도 응답자를 부장급이하 실무자를 대상으로 했으며, 대상 업종도 성백순(2008)의 경우를 제외하면 다양한 업종의 중소기업을 대상으로 하였다. 본 연구에서는 대상자를 임원급 이상의 최고경영자로 하고 업종에 따른 문화 특성을 고려하여 조립금속 및 기계제조업종의 중소기업으로 한정해 전국에 분포한 기계공업협동조합의 협조를 받아 진행하여 타 업종의 응답을 사전에 차단함으로써 결과의 신뢰성을 확보함으로써 연구결과를 동 업종의 특성으로 이해할 수 있도록 차별화 하였다. 본 연구의 목적은 중소기업의 최고경영자에게 현재의 경쟁 환경에 적합한 리더십으로 변혁적리더십을 선택하고, 변혁적 리더십이 기업성과에 영향을 미치는지를 학습지향성과 시장지향성, 혁신성을 매개변수로 하여 실증해 보았다. 특히 변혁적리더십과 지식사회에서 주목받고 있는 학습지향성, 시장지향성, 혁신성과의 영향관계에 대한 인과관계를 전체적으로 조망해 보고자 이번 연구를 진행하게 되었으며 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 첫째, 최고 경영자의 변혁적 리더십은 학습지향성과 시장지향성의 매개과정을 통해 혁신성에 유의한 영향을 미칠 뿐만 아니라 혁신성에도 직접적인 영향을 미침으로써 학습지향성과 시장지향성이 변혁적리더십과 혁신성 관계를 부분매개 한다는 것을 보여준다. 둘째, 학습지향성은 혁신성에 직접적인 영향뿐만 아니라 시장지향성을 통해 간접적으로 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타나 시장지향성은 학습지향성과 혁신성 관계를 부분매개 하는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 혁신성은 학습지향성, 시장지향성과 기업성과 사이에 완전매개 효과가 있음이 나타났다. 이러한 연구결과는 최고경영자의 변혁적리더십이 기업의 학습지향성, 시장지향성, 혁신성 전반에 영향을 미침으로써 기업성과에 영향을 준다는 의미 있는 결과로 기업 최고경영자가 추구해야할 바람직한 리더십이라는 시사점을 제시하고 있으며, 중소기업이 미래 성장 동력으로서 핵심역량을 확보하기 위한 경영전략 수립에... Life span of enterprises in average has been shorter due to the competition's getting more fierce in the global era where the existing concept of time and space is surpassed. Top management of a business is anxious for new leadership to lead the survival and growth of the companies under rapidly changing managerial environments and the transformational leadership is getting attention in a sense whether it is to draw up higher achievements of organization than other type of leadership or not. As reflect such attention to it, lots of studies on the transformational leadership in a diversified type of organization have been executed but most of them focused on the meaningful effect on the achievements of an organization by establishing the sense of self efficacy, job satisfaction and organized citizen's movement as dependent variables. A few studies on the small and medium size industries dealt with only partial research of the relationship between the transformational leadership vs. innovation, and the leadership vs. learning orientation, which eventually makes understanding the casual relationship between the variables rather difficult. Reviewing some precedent studies, only handful number of papers were found in the studies on the transformational leadership of only the small and medium industries excluding those for the larger companies. However Hong So Shik (2007), Kim Kang Ho(2008) and Sung Baek Sun(2008) announced the outcome of their studies that the transformational leadership of the small and medium size industries has meaningful influence on the market orientation. Recent precedent studies are characterized that their target was the working level employees of below manager grade of the small and medium size industries and they included diversified trades of such industries except the case of Sung Baek Sun(2008). On the other hand, top management of higher than executive directors were included in this Study and taking into account of the cultural characteristics according to the type of business, only the small and medium industries engaged in metal works assembly and manufacturing machineries were incorporated with the papers under the kind cooperation of Korea Federation of Machinery Industry Cooperatives across the nation and by blocking the replies of other type of industries in advance, reliability of the outcomes was secured and thus the Study was made to be understood as a characteristics of the said industries. Purpose of this Study was to let the top management of small and medium industries select the transformational leadership as an appropriate leadership to the current environments of competition and the effect of transformational leadership on the company achievements was experimented as establishing the learning orientation, market orientation and innovation to be a variable. In particular, this Study proceeded with reviewing the cause and effect relationship between the learning orientation, market orientation and innovation that have been receiving attention of the transformational leadership and knowledge society and following results were analyzed. Firstly, the transformational leadership of top management influenced not only the innovation going through the variable process of learning orientation and market orientation but also the innovation directly and as a result the orientation of learning and market work as a parameter in part between the transformational leadership and innovation. Secondly, the learning orientation was found to influence the innovation directly as well as exercise indirect influence through the market orientation and accordingly the market orientation was revealed to work as a parameter in part between the learning orientation and innovation. Thirdly, the innovation was found to cause perfect parameter effect among the learning orientation, market orientation and the corporate performance. This Study brings forth significant result of influence that the transformational ...

중국 대학생의 성취목표지향성, 자아탄력성, 학습몰입의 구조적 관계

곽철,김보경 한중사회과학학회 2019 한중사회과학연구 Vol.17 No.3

It is hard to make Chinese university students, who have never been exposed to absolute economic poverty, participate in learning only with external rewards for learning. Thus, it is important for them to experience the state of intrinsic engagement with the goal to master the learning task itself. This author has examined how achievement goal orientation of Chinese university students would influence their learning engagement and how self-resilience would mediate between their achievement goal orientation and learning engagement. For this purpose, this author has collected data of 524 students of Hebei University in China and analyzed it by structural equation modeling. With this analysis, this author has found that their mastery goal orientation has influenced a significant positive effect on learning engagement and that their performance avoiding orientation has a significant negative impact, and that performance approach orientation has not significant effect. In addition, in effect of how performance approach orientation and mastery goal orientation has influenced learning engagement, there have been partial mediated effects of self-reliance. But in relation between performance avoidance orientation and performance avoidance orientation, there have been no mediated effects of self-resilience. The results of this study have showed that learners with performance avoidance orientation would be hard to experience learning engagement. In addition, self-resilience is an important variable to help learners experience learning engagement, especially it has mediated for learners with mastery goal orientation. Therefore, this author has concluded that it would be necessary to make an environment in which Chinese university students could have their mastery goals and to support programs that would improve students’ self-resilience.