탄소나노튜브 캐소드의 전계방출 및 열화특성에 미치는 페이스트의 조성과 분위기 가스의 영향

김동희,김태식,정원섭,김광호,손영국,조영래 대한금속ᆞ재료학회 2006 대한금속·재료학회지 Vol.44 No.3

Increased Urinary KIM-1 and Tubular KIM-1 Expression in IgA Nephroapathy (초)

( Mi Seon Seo ),( Soon Hyo Kwon ),( Moo Young Park ),( Soo Jung Choi ),( Jin Seok Jeon ),( Hyun Jin Noh ),( Jin Gook Kim ),( Dong Cheol Han ),( Seung Duk Hwang ) 대한내과학회 2010 대한내과학회 추계학술대회 Vol.2010 No.-

정신분열병 환자의 우울증에서 Paroxetine과 삼환계 항우울제 병용치료

심주철,공보금,박정환,윤영란,신재국,김정익,안동성,김용관,차인준,김영훈 大韓神經精神醫學會 1997 신경정신의학 Vol.36 No.4

저자들은 마산동서병원에 입원중인 우울증이 동반된 정신분열증 환자 10명을 대상으로 사용중인 항정신병약물에 paroxetine과 저용량의 삼환계 항우울제를 6주간 병용투여한 후 우울증상에 대한 효과와 치료의 안전성 및 약물상호작용을 알아보았다. Paroxetine은 고정량의 항정신병약물과 삼환계 항우울제에 부가하여 일일 20㎎을 6주간 병용하게 하였으며, 임상상태는 HDRS, HARS, UKU Side Effect Rating Scale등의 평가척도를 사용하여 평가하였다. 또한 약동학적 약물상호작용은 삼환계 항우울제들의 혈장농도를 HPLC로 측정하여 분석하였다. 결과는 다음과 같다. 1) 10명의 전체 대상환자에서의 HDRS 평균점수는 TCA와 paroxetine 병용투여 6주후에 통계적으로 유의하게 감소되었다. 이중 40%의 환자에서는 병용투여 6주후에 HDRS 점수상 50% 이상의 감소를 보여, 일부의 환자들에서는 정신분열병에 동반된 우울증상의 치료에 소량의 삼환계 항우울제와 paroxetine의 병용치료가 효과가 있음을 확인하였다. 2) 두 명의 환자에게서 심각한 약물독성이 발생하였다. 이중 한 명은 삼환계 항우울제의 높은 혈중농도로 인한 항콜린성 위기(anticholinergic crisis) 소견을 보였으며, 다른 한 명은 인지기능 및 의식수준은 명료하였으나 망상과 환각증상이 약화되는 소견을 보였다. 따라서 본 연구에서 시도된 복합적 약물치료의 경우, 삼환계 항우울제의 혈중농도의 측정을 포함한 세심한 임상적 추적이 필요하다고 생각된다. 3) 기저치의 amitriptyline과 그 대사물인 nortriptyline의 농도합. imipramine과 대사물인 desipramine의 농도합은 각각 47.8-226.5ng/㎖. 80.5-395.6ng/㎖였으며 일반적으로 이들 약물들의 단독사용시에 문헌에 보고된 혈중농도를 훨씬 상회하고 있었다. 이는 병용투여된 항정신병 약물 약시 강력한 CYP2D6 효소억제제로서 기저치의 삼환계 항우울제들의 혈장농도를 이미 상당히 증가시켰던 것으로 판단되며, 그러한 결과로 인해 본 연구에서는 paroxetine이 이전의 문헌보고들과는 달리 뚜렷하게 삼환계 항우울제들의 혈장농도를 증가시키지 못하였다. 본 연구는 SSRI와 삼환계 항우울제의 병합 투여가 우울증의 개선 효과를 빠르게 하고, 치료역을 넓히고, 약물상호작용의 결과 paroxetine이 삼환계 항우울제의 혈중농도를 증가시킨다는 기존의 연구결과를 이용하여 정신분열병 우울증상의 치료에 parotextine과 소량의 삼환계 항우울제를 병용하는 방법을 시도해 본 연구이다. 저자들은 이러한 약물치료가 일부의 환자들에게서 효과가 있음을 관찰하였으나, 항정신병약물과 삼환계 항우울제를 병용투여 할 경우는 물론 이에 paroxetine과 같은 선택적 세로토닌 재흡수 억제제를 병용할 경우 복합약물상호작용의 결과로 약물독성의 위험성이 크며 세심한 주의가 필요함을 경험하였다. Depression is well-known to comorbid with several psychiatric disorders. Many schizophrenics also suffer from depression in the course of their illness. Combined therapy of SSRI and tricyclic antidepressants were reported to have benefits in some depressed patients. Paroxetine, a potent CYP2D6 inhibitor, increases the blood levels of tricyclic antidepressant markedly. Using paroxetine, we tried this combined therapy in the treatment of depressive symptoms in 10 chronic schizophrenic inpatients and evaluated its efficacy and drug interactions between paroxetine and tricyclic antidepressants. The following results were obtained : 1) The mean score of Hamilton's Depression Rating Scale(HDRS) was reduced significantly after 6 weeks-trials of this combined therapy for the mild depressive symptoms in 10 chronic schizophrenics. In four patients, 50% or more reductions in the scores of HDRS were noticed at final evaluation. 2) Two among our 10 subjects experienced severe toxic behavioral problems. Anticholinergic crisis with toxic confusion due to high blood levels of tricyclics was found in one patient and the other showed rapid clinical deterioration in his psychotic symptoms such as delusion and hallucination without any consciousness alternation. 3) Baseline plasma levels of tricyclics before adding paroxetine were higher than expected in our chronic schizophrenic subjects maintained with their antipsychotic medications. Several antipsychotics were also known as a potent CYP2D6 inhibitors and to increase the blood levels of tricyclics. Because the blood levels of tricyclics had already increased significantly by the use of antipsychotics, adding paroxetine to antipsychotics and tricyclic antidepressant in our subjects could increase the blood levels of tricyclics not so much as previously reported in the literatures.

齒科用 Amalgam 合金의 微細構造 : The Microstructure of Dental Amalgam

金哲偉,鮮于良國 大韓齒科器材學會 1966 대한치과재료학회지 Vol.1 No.2

It was the purpose of this study to determine the influence of mercury-alloy ratio, the methods of trituration and variation of trituration time on the microstructure of dental amalgam. The results were as follows. 1. Variations of the mercury content in the amalgam have a definite influence on the micrestructure; the higher the mercury content, the more porosities and cracks were developed. 2. A photomicrograph of the surface of a hardened amalgam with the alloy-mercury ratio, 1.0:1.6 showed fewer alloy particles and more the matrix than in the amalgam with the alloy-mercury ratio, 1.5:1.0 by weight. 3. The method and the length of trituration time did not have any appreciabie effect on the microtructure of the amalgam.

觀光資源의 魅力性測定 및 評價에 관한 硏究 : 慶州地域 15個 史蹟地區 文化觀光資源을 中心으로 Centered on the Cultural Resources on the Basis of Dividing Kyongju Area into 15 Historical Sites

金榮國 동국대학교 경주대학 1987 論文集 Vol.6 No.-

This research proposes to measure and evaluate the touristic attractiveness in tultral resources located in Kyongju area on the basis of dividing area into 15 historical sites. A set of ten criteria are selected, with attention to their "independence", which are the principle measures for the determination of touristic attractiveness. Then, through a procerr designed to elicit consistent judgments from interviewees, the contributions of twenty-six tourism experts were conbined to form a set of numerical weights which establish the relative importance of the ten criteria. The process of establishing a "score", as an indicator of the relative attractiveness of a touristic location, was employed the judgments of experts in making evaluations. As the results of this study, in terms usefullness, the procedure outlined herein provides a means for establishing a quantified index of touristic attractivenese as a basis for making comparisons among touristic locations or regions. It is not being recommended here as a single decision criterion, through it would have potential usefulness for decision-making purposes in combination with other factors. Another important point to recognize is that the quantification proceduse recommended here calls for the establishmens of the criteria and weights in conformity with the special conditions of the situation being studied. At a more general, an additional case can be made for employing this type of procedure. It is based on the fact that when decisions are made to invest in touristic facilites or to establish development priorities among competing touristic regions, comparatiue evaluations are made which involve the types of considerations incorporated in the index of touristic attractiveness. Finally, the quantified comparisons, which result from the use of explicit criteria and their relative weights, help provide a rationalization of choice which should give the administor a greater level of confidence in the correctness of his decisions.

리튬이온이차전지 정극용 LiNixMn₂-xO₄의 합성과 전기화학적 특성에 관한 연구

김병습,손영국 부산대학교 생산기술연구소 2000 生産技術硏究所論文集 Vol.58 No.-

LiNixMn2-xO4, (0≤x≤0.5)를 저온합성이 가능한 sol-gel법을 이용하여 합성하였다. 합성된 분말은 x선회절분석을 통하여 cubic spinel 구조임을 확인했고, Ni의 치환량이 증가함에 따라 격자상수는 감소했다. 순환전압전류 및 충방전 시험을 통하여 전기화학적 특성을 측정해본 결과 LiMn2O4에 비해 Ni의 치환량이 증가함에 따라 4V피크는 점차 사라졌지만, 3V피크에서의 방전용량과 싸이클 특성은 모두 우수한 특성을 나타내었다. LiNixMn2-xO4 (0≤x ≤0.5) cathode materials were synthesized at low temperature using sol-gel process. X-ray diffraction studies showed that the powders have cubic spinel structure and its lattice constants decreased as doped Ni contents increased. The electrochemical properties of the spinel LiNixMn2-xO4cathode materials were evaluated by cyclic voltammetry and charge discharge test. As doped Ni contents increased, 4V peak disappeared but capacity and cycling properties at 3V peak were improved than LiMn2O4.

Amalgam 充塡實習作品에 對한 硬度試驗報告

金哲偉,鮮于良國 大韓齒科器材學會 1966 대한치과재료학회지 Vol.1 No.1

The purpose of this of this survey was to determine the hardness of dental amalgam fillings taught at the Dental School, Seoul national University. Dental students for the year of 1965 were tested the hardness by the Rockwell Hardness Tester. From the experiments, the following results were obtained. 1) The overall hardness values of amalgam filling reached at its maximum hardness from R. H. N. 91 to R. H. N. 100. 2) The proper manipulation of dental amalgam did cause a significant favour in hardness of the amalgam filling body.

유용미생물 고정용 세라믹 담체의 제조 및 부착능

김수룡,김용국,이종국,황인옥 조선대학교 생산기술연구소 2006 生産技術硏究 Vol.28 No.2

Effective micro-organisms (EM) increase the natural resistance of soil and plants, and it considerably improves the quality and fertility of soil as well as the growth and quality of crops. In this study, Porous ceramics were prepared with various ceramic types and were observed that EM was attached on the pores inside. EM was well attached on various porous ceramics. However, attachment ability of EM on surface was better than that of EM inside. Open pore is essential to attach EM inside of ceramics. From this result, potential application for environment purification ceramics was confirmed and made it to use in a field of environmentally-friendly.

소아 흉통의 원인질환에 따른 임상양상

장국찬,김은영,노영일,양은석,문경래,박영봉 朝鮮大學校 附設 醫學硏究所 2008 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.33 No.2

목적: 소아에서의 흉통은 흔히 접하게 되며 일반적으로 좋은 경과를 보인다. 가장 흔한 원인으로 특발성, 골격계이상, 위장관계 질환 등이 다양하게 언급되고 있으며 감별진단이 쉽지 않아 여러 검사를 시행하게 된다. 자세한 병력청취와 진찰이 진단에 가장 중요하다고 하지만 통계적 의의를 보고한 바는 드물다. 이에 흉통 원인을 분류하고 각각의 임상양상을 파악하여, 병력 청취와 진찰소견의 감별진단에 대한 유용성과 시행 검사들의 의의를 알아보고자 하였다. 방법: 2004년 3월 부터 2007년 8월 까지 조선대학교 병원 소아청소년과에 흉통을 주소로 방문한 환아 77명을 대상으로 하였다. 연령, 성별, 흉통의 위치, 지속시간, 양상, 빈도, 방문까지 걸린 시간, 동반증상, 유발인자의 각 항목과 원인 질환과의 관련성을 분석하였다. 흉부방사선, 심전도, 심초음파, 24시간 Holter, 운동부하 심전도, 상부 위장관 조영술, 24시간 pH 검사, 위내시경, 심근효소를 검사 하였다. 결과: 평균 나이는 10.2±2.8세로 6세에서 11세까지가 48명(62.3%)으로 가장 많은 분포를 보였고 남아 42명(54.5%), 여아 35명(45.5%)이었다. 흉통의 위치는 좌측이 32명(41.6%), 양상은 콕콕 찌르는 것이 27명(35.1%)으로 가장 많았고 지속시간은 1분미만이 36명(46.8%), 1-5분 사이가 28명(36.4%)으로 대부분 5분 미만이었다. 흉통 원인은 특발성이 27례(35.1%)로 가장 많았고, 위장관 질환 23례(29.9%), 늑골 연골염 12례(15.6%), 심혈관 질환 7례(9.1%), 정신신체화 질환 6례(7.8%), 폐질환 2례(2.6%)였다. 여아에서 연령이 높을수록 정신신체화 질환의 빈도가 높았다(P= 0.046). 흉골 하부 통증을 호소한 17명 중 13명(76.5%)이 위장관 질환으로 통계적으로 유의하였다(P= 0.023). 정신 신체화 질환은 6명에서, 위장관 질환도 20명(86.9%)에서 흉통지속시간이 5분 미만이었으나 통계적 의의는 없었다. 흉통 양상 중 타는 듯한 양상을 호소한 7명중 6명에서 위장관 질환이 원인이었으나 통계적 의의는 없었다. 선택 시행 검사 중 심초음파는 32명중 3례(9.4%), 24시간 Holter 검사는 13명중 5례(35.7%), 24시간 pH 검사는 28명 중 16례(57.1%)에서 이상소견을 보였다. 결론: 소아 흉통 환자 중 연령이 높은 여아에서는 정신 신체화 장애를, 흉골 하부 통증을 호소한 경우는 위장관 질환을 먼저 생각하는 것이 좋다고 판단된다. 흉통원인으로 위장관 질환의 빈도가 높고 시행검사들의 진단율을 볼때, 소아 흉통 환아 에서는 상부 위장관 조영술 등 위장관 질환의 검사를 기본적으로 시행하는 것이 좋을 것으로 생각된다. Purpose: Chest pain in children is usually benign. Chest pain in children results from a wide variety of causes. Differential diagnosis of causes is not easy and then many diagnostic approach is trying. Careful history and physical exams must guide the assessment of children with chest pain. The purpose of this study intends to evaluate children with chest pain and usefulness of careful history, physical examination and several diagnostic examinations. Methods: From March 2004 to August 2007, 77 patients presented with chest pain were enrolled. we evaluated age, sex, characteristics of chest pain (location, duration, description, frequency), accompanying symptoms, increasing reasons and relationship with cause of chest pain. Chest x-ray and ECG were checked in all patients. Cardiologic and gastrointestinal evaluations were checked when considered necessary. Results: The male and female ratio was 0.55:0.45, mean age 10.2 ± 2.8 year. Common ages of chest pain were 10 to 12 years old (38case, 49.3%). The location was on the left precordium in 32cases (41.6%) of the patients. The most common diagnostic findings of chest pain were idiopathic(27cases, 35.1%), gastrointestinal disorder (23cases, 29.9%), costo chondritis (12cases, 15.6%), cardiovascular disorder (7cases, 9.1%), psychosomatic disorder(6cases, 7.8%) and pulmonary disorder (2cases, 2.6%). Older children in female were more likely to have a psychosomatic cause (P= 0.046). The patients complained chest pain on substernal area were 17cases and 13cases (76.5%) were diagnosed as gastrointestinal disorder (P= 0.023). Positive findings of echocardio graphy, 24hr Holter ECG and 24hr pH monitoring were present in 3 (9.4%), 5 (35.7%) and 16 (57.1%) of the patients respectively. Conclusion: Gastrointestinal disorders are common causes and positive diagnostic rate of gastrointestinal evaluation is relatively high in children with chest pain. Old girls are more likely to have a psychosomatic disorder and substernal pain is the reliable sign to be considered as a gastrointestinal disease in children with chest pain. Hence, Diagnostic approach of gastrointestinal disease such as upper GI should be performed basically in mostly children with chest pain.

치과용 Composite resins의 간접인장 강도에 관한 연구

선우양국,김철위,임호남 대한치과기재학회 1982 대한치과재료학회지 Vol.9·10 No.1

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the diametral tensile strengths of commercially available dental composite resins used in Korea. For this study, the specimens were transferred to an environment of 23℃±2℃,50%±10% humidity and at a water of 37℃±1℃. Diametral tensile test specimens were prepared in 6×12mm stainless steel cylindrical molds and tested at 1/2 hour, 1 hour, and 24 hours. The results obtained in this study were as follows; 1. It can be seen that, a significant difference of diametral tensile strength values for composite resins was observed with various time intervals and commercial products. 2. It was found that the diametral tensile strength of composite resins tested in water at 37℃± 1℃ has a tendency to higher the strength than in air at room temperature.