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Hwang, Hyeon Seok,Park, Mahn-Won,Yoon, Hye Eun,Chang, Yoon Kyung,Yang, Chul Woo,Kim, Suk Young,Cho, Jung Sun,Kim, Chan Joon,Park, Gyung-Min,Park, Chul-Soo,Choi, Yun-Seok,Koh, Yoon-Seok,Lee, Jong Min,S S. Karger AG 2014 American journal of nephrology Vol.40 No.4
<P>Abstract</P><P><B><I>Background/Aims:</I></B> Atrial fibrillation (AF) often coexists with acute myocardial infarction (AMI), and chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a major risk for AMI. However, the combined impact of CKD and AF on the mortality and morbidity in AMI population has not been determined. <B><I>Methods:</I></B> Between January 2004 and December 2009, a total of 4,738 AMI patients were enrolled prospectively. Patients were divided into four groups according to the combined status of CKD and AF. The primary endpoint was a combination of 5-year major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCE). <B><I>Results:</I></B> The prevalence of AF was significantly higher in CKD patients than in non-CKD patients (6.76 vs. 3.31%, p < 0.001). The highest cumulative event rate of MACCE and death was observed in patients with both CKD and AF (68.5 and 64.0%), respectively. In multivariable analyses, compared with patients with neither AF nor CKD, hazard ratios (HR) for composite of MACCE were 1.66 (95% CI, 1.14-2.41), 1.24 (95% CI, 1.06-1.46), and 2.10 (95% CI, 1.42-3.13) for patients with AF only, those with CKD only, and those with both CKD and AF, respectively (p for interaction = 0.935). Patients with both CKD and AF had a greatest risk for all-cause mortality (HR 2.54; 95% CI, 1.60-4.53), and the significant synergistic interaction was observed between CKD and AF (p for interaction = 0.015). <B><I>Conclusion:</I></B> The combined effect of AF and CKD on the risk of MACCE after an AMI is stronger than any separate condition, and it confers a synergistic effect on the all-cause mortality risk.</P><P>© 2014 S. Karger AG, Basel</P>
Lim,S. C.,Woo,S. G.,Han,W. S.,Koh,Y. B.,Lee,M. Y. 대한전자공학회 1995 ICVC : International Conference on VLSI and CAD Vol.4 No.1
In formation of contact patterns using half-tone phase shift masks, loss of the resist film at side-lobe positions needs to be avoided. Up to now, resist dimples have been studied in terms of transmittance of half-tone materials and pattern packing density. However, we found that loss of the resist film was not necessarily limited to side-lobe effect in the mask level. We investigated dependency of side-lobe effect of half-tone phase shift masks on substrate material and topology in forming contact hole patterns. It was found that the leaky light passing through half-tone regions created resist dimples. The magnitude of resist film erosions depended on substrate materials and thickness having different thin film interferences. Furthermore, the reflecting topography of wafer substrates was an origin of resist erosion, which was explained by 'concave mirror effect'. It was also verified that ARC was very effective to solve problems mentioned above. We propose double layered blank masks as a simple solution.
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고태송(T . S . Koh),조영석(Y . S . Cho),신동신(D . S . Shin),우경목(K . M . Woo) 한국축산학회 1992 한국축산학회지 Vol.34 No.4
Contents of digestible energy (DE), metabolizable energy (ME) and nitrogen-corrected ME (MEn) for a defatted rice bran were determined in day-old male broiler chicks fed basal (control) diet for the first 7 days were fed on the basal diet and diet composed of 70% of basal diet plus 30 % of defatted rice bran (rice bran diet) for the subsequent 14 days as the ratio of replacement for defatted rice bran. The defatted rice bran contained 2.509. 2.465 and 2.321 ㎉ of DE, ME and MEn per gram dry matter, in which 59.2% (DE/GE) of GE was digested, 56.7% (ME/GE) or 54.8% (MEn/GE) was metabolized and 95.8% (ME/DE) or 92.5% (MEn/DE) of DE was utilized. The rice bran diet contained significantly (p$lt;0.05) lower DE, ME and MEn of which DE/GE and ME/GE was decreased significantly (p$lt;0.05) compared with those of basal diet. The rice bran diet decreased (p$lt;0.05) daily gain, feed efficiency (gain/feed) and retentions of protein and lipids though feed intake was not affected. Rice bran diet did not affect excretion of urinary nitrogen per nitrogen intake (UN/Nl) and decreased significantly (p$lt;0.05) digestibility of protein (AN/Nl) and nitrogen balance (NB) per NI (NB/Nl). Also BV of protein (NB/AN or NR/AN) and digestibility of lipids were decreased in birds fed on the rice bran diet. The results indicate that the low energy content of defatted rice bran was due to mainly the decreased digestibility of protein and digestibility of energy in defatted rice bran diet.
김경수,김상혁,이갑수,유정희,황민우,이준희,고병희,김효정,이시우,김종열,문영식,이의주,Kim, Kyung-Su,Kim, Sang-Hyuk,Lee, Gab-Su,Yoo, Jung-Hee,Hwang, Min-Woo,Lee, Jun-Hee,Koh, Byung-Hee,Kim, Hyo-Jung,Lee, Si-Woo,Kim, Jong-Yoel,Moon, Young-S 사상체질의학회 2007 사상체질의학회지 Vol.19 No.3
1. Objectives This study focuses on the Revision and Translation of the Mongolian's Sasang constitution Diagnosis Questionnaire (SDQ-M) 2. Methods 03'SDQ's questionnaire analysis study have been performed based on the absolutely diagnosed group of 423 cases who have respond to the Sasang constitution Diagnosis Questionnaire (SDQ) from June to November, 2003. 3. Results and Conclusions Revised 05'SDQ-M's traits, which result from on the basis of 03'SDQ's questionnaire analysis study results and socio-cultural understanding via Mongolian physical constitution diagnosis as well as Mongolian translators' interchange, are as follows. (1) 05'SDQ-M is mainly adjusted in terms of external appearances and the nature of illness symptoms. (2) 05'SDQ-M's physical constitution questionnaires are equally adjusted. (3) 05'SDQ-M is re-used, deleted, or created on the basis of 03'SDQ's questionnaire analysis results. (4) 05'SDQ-M is translated to be easy for Mongolians.
Kim, D.Y.,Park, J.W.,Kim, T.H.,Kim, B.H.,Moon, S.H.,Kim, S.S.,Woo, S.M.,Koh, Y.H.,Lee, W.J.,Kim, C.M. Elsevier Science Publishers 2017 Radiotherapy and oncology Vol.122 No.1
<P>Conclusions: SIB-PBT is feasible and promising for HCC patients with TVT. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.</P>