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김상혁,양홍진,이용복,안영숙 한국우주과학회 2009 Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences Vol.26 No.3
한국의 전통 천문학은 과거 중국의 영향을 받아 여러 면에서 중국과 비슷하지만 별자리 모양이나 별이름 등에서 중국과 구별되는 특징을 가지고 있다. 이 연구에서는 규장각에 보관중인 조선 초기의 보천가와 중국 수대(581~618) 왕희명이 저술한 보천가를 비교하여 분석하였다. 두 보천가에 그려진 천문도 별자리 모양과 연결선 그리고 본문 설명에 대하여 각각 비교하였다. 두 책을 비교·분석한 결과 별자리 설명의 여러 부분에서 전반적인 차이가 있음을 확인하였다. 첫째 두 서적의 구성에서 서문과 삼원 별자리, 은하수 설명은 확연한 차이를 보여 준다. 둘째, 보천가에 그려진 전반적 별자리 그림은 비슷하지만 별자리의 연결선과 별의 개수가 여러 곳에서 다르게 그려져 있다. 셋째, 조선의 보천가는 중국 왕희명 보천가와 달리 별자리 설명에서 별의 색깔을 표현하고 있다. 이러한 두 나라 보천가의 차이점과 조선 보천가의 고유한 특징을 찾아 논문에 정리하였다. 조선 보천가와 중국 보천가의 여러 차이점은 우리 고유의 천문지식과 체계가 고려시대 이전부터 꾸준히 전해져 왔음을 짐작케 한다.
A Study on an Analysis and Design of the Internal Structure of Heumgyeonggak-nu
김상혁,윤용현,함선영,민병희,기호철,윤명균 한국우주과학회 2017 Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences Vol.34 No.2
In this study, the internal structure of a Heumgyeonggak-nu (欽敬閣漏) was designed, and the power transmission mechanism was analyzed. Heumgyeonggak-nu is an automated water clock from the Joseon Dynasty that was installed within Heumgyeonggak (欽敬閣), and it was manufactured in the 20th year of the reign of King Sejong (1438). As descriptions of Heumgyeonggak-nu in ancient literature have mostly focused on its external shape, the study of its internal mechanism has been difficult. A detailed analysis of the literature record on Heumgyeonggak-nu (e.g., The Annals of the Joseon Dynasty) indicates that Heumgyeonggaknu had a three-stage water clock, included a waterfall or tilting vessel (欹器) using the overflowed water, and displayed the time using a ball. In this study, the Cheonhyeong apparatus, water wheel, scoop, and various mechanism wheels were designed so that 16 fixed-type scoops could operate at a constant speed for the water wheel with a diameter of 100 cm. As the scoop can contain 1.25 l of water and the water wheel rotates 61 times a day, a total of 1,220 l of water is required. Also, the power gear wheel was designed as a 366-tooth gear, which supported the operation of the time signal gear wheel. To implement the movement of stars on the celestial sphere, the rotation ratio of the celestial gear wheel to the diurnal motion gear ring was set to 366:365. In addition, to operate the sun movement apparatus on the ecliptic, a gear device was installed on the South Pole axis. It is expected that the results of this study can be used for the manufacture and restoration of the operation model of Heumgyeonggak-nu.
김상혁 한국중앙영어영문학회 2018 영어영문학연구 Vol.60 No.4
This paper explains the difference and similarity of ergativity of Korean and English verbs. This study critically reviews Korean ergative verbs of Ko, K.J. (2001), Lee, E.J. (2014), Burzio (1996) and Korean middle verbs of Yeon, J.H. (1989, 2008). And we found out some problems in their explanations. For example, Ko, K.J. (2001) explains that an ergative verb or an unaccusative verb of Korean includes an adjective or an intransitive verb which is nonagentive, whereas an unergative verb includes an intransitive verb which is agentive. It is because some unaccusative verbs can’t be ergative verbs that Ko’s explanations are not always correct. We need to use the affectedness of the object noun (Levin 1993, Haspelath 1993 Dixon 1991, 2005), the change of state (Levin 1993), causer–causee (Fagan 1988), and spontaneous occurrence (Haspelmath 1993, Dixon 1991, 2005) to investigate Korean ergative verbs. We found out some differences between Korean and English ergative verbs. In Korean ergative constructions, the causer can appear within an adverbial phrase, whereas it can’t appear in English. And Korean ergative verbs have many onomatopoeic words but English counterparts don’t.
소양인(少陽人) 비수한표한병론(脾受寒表寒病論) 중(中) 섬어괴병에 관(關)한 고찰(考察)
김상혁,김윤희,장현수,이준희,고병희,Kim, Sang-Hyuk,Kim, Yun-Hee,Jang, Hyun-Su,Lee, Jun-Hee,Koh, Byung-Hee 사상체질의학회 2008 사상체질의학회지 Vol.20 No.3
1. Objectives This study aims to establish the concept and classification of the Delirious Speaking Bad Disease in the Soyain's Exterior Cold Disease induced from the Spleen Affected by Cold. 2. Methods Different editions of "Donguisusebowon", including the Gabo version and the Sinchuk version, were compared for differences and similarities in the Soyangin disease. And we discussed other studies done previously. 3. Results and conclusions Soyangin's Delirious Speaking Bad Disease can be understood as shifted symptom of all of Soyangin's Exterior cold disease induced from the spleen affected by cold.
김상혁 한국교통대학교 2018 한국교통대학교 논문집 Vol.53 No.-
This article is to explain the usage difference between Korean and English. In Korean we can use ‘enjoy’ for the future emotional states, but in English they do not use for the future. In Korean we use the ‘How about …?’ expression when we need to ask others’ opinion of something. But English native speakers don’t use it then. They use that expression only when they make a proposal or suggestion for something. In Korean we use the possessive adjectives even when we do not possess anything yet. But in English they only use the possessive adjectives when they have something. In English the indefinite article, ‘a’ or ‘an’ indicates that a noun refers to one instance from among the general class indicated by that noun. But in Korean the differentiation between singular and plural is very weak. English native speakers almost never use ‘much’ in affirmative sentences. But Koreans often use that expression in affirmative sentences, so it make the expression seem to be very awkward and unnatural. We Koreans confuse the usage of ‘besides’ and ‘except’, so we use the expressions which are often very difficult for English native speakers to understand. All of these are owing to the usage difference between Korean and English. We need to learn English usage.
화용론과 영어 공손 표현 -중학교 영어 교재를 중심으로-
김상혁 한국중앙영어영문학회 2012 영어영문학연구 Vol.54 No.3
This paper investigates the pragmatic aspects of English polite expressions. As the communicative expressions of politeness may be different among countries, it is very important for Koreans to understand and acquire the correct polite expressions of English. The purposes of this paper are as follows. First, we review and find out what kinds of English polite expressions are and why they are regarded as polite. Second, we investigate what kinds of English polite expressions are treated in the Middle School English textbooks. Third, we explore the degree of the availability of pragmatics to explain the constructions concerning the polite expressions in the textbooks. Although we may think that English has very few polite expressions, there are many kinds of polite expressions. For example, they use direct, indirect, negative, and tag questions. And they change the verb forms to past and future tenses to distance from the immediate present reality and use progressives to make the expression sound more casual and less definite and something temporary and incomplete. They also express their opinions and intentions less directly (and therefore more politely) by using softening expressions like quite, kind of, I’ll think..., We’d like to.... Anyway the most important thing is to use the appropriate expressions which are neither too polite nor too rude according to the situation where you are.