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New Method of Solving the Proper Rational Function and Application to Electrical Control System
Chen Chung-Cheng,Chen Yen-Ting 대한전기학회 2022 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.17 No.4
The paper is dedicated to develop a new method of addressing the linear nonhomogeneous time-invariant diff erential equation with same diff erential numbers for inputs and outputs. The Laplace transformed output of the electrical state-space equation is a rational function with the same degrees of the numerator and the denominator, and then the bored processes involving the long division of both complicated polynomials, the expanded multiplication of all polynomial factors, the diff erentiation of complicated polynomials and the complex derivations of all partial fraction parameters are inevitable for existing traditional methods. However, by applying the proposed method in this paper, we can explicitly express the general form of the desired output solution and directly solve the desired problem with shorter time than those traditional approaches. To give the signifi cant applications of the new proposed method, we apply it to address the famous electrical circuit based on our recent researches of Chen’s electrical unifying approach.
A Simple Timeout Algorithm for Point-to-Multipoint ABR Service
Lai, Wei-Kuang,Chen, Chien-Ting,Li, Chilin The Korea Institute of Information and Commucation 2004 Journal of communications and networks Vol.6 No.1
The ABR point-to-multipoint connection is now playing a more important role than before. Many consolidation algorithms have been proposed to solve the consolidation noise problem and the slow transient response problem. But few timeout algorithms are proposed to handle the non-responsive branches for the multicast connections. Chen’s algorithm needs exchanging control messages between switches [9]. Besides, it may mistake a responsive branch as a non-responsive branch because of fast changes in source rates, which causes wrong information in BRM cells and may lead to network congestion and data losses in the responsive branch. We propose a simple timeout algorithm which can handle the non-responsive branches without exchanging message between switches. The timeout value for each switch is computed locally. Simulation results show that the proposed timeout algorithm can efficiently handle the non-responsive branches and utilize the available bandwidth within a small period of time. In addition, our algorithm could handle the situation when the source rates change quickly.
Dispersal and Control of Anammox Granular Sludge at High Substrate Concentrations
Ting-Ting Chen,Ping Zheng,Li-Dong Shen,Chong-Jian Tang,Shuang Ding 한국생물공학회 2012 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.17 No.5
This paper reports about the dispersal and control of anammox granular sludge at high substrate concentrations. The results demonstrate that anammox granular sludge would turn into flocculent sludge when the substrate concentrations exceed the inhibitory threshold concentrations, with an apparent drop in the settling velocity of anammox sludge from 73.73 to 16.49 m/h. Moreover, the sludge was washed out of the reactor and a decrease in the nitrogen removal rate from 23.82 to 16.97kg N/(m3/day) was observed. The dominant anammox bacteria in the granular and flocculent sludge were Candidatus Kuenenia stuttgartiensis; however, the contents of heme c and extracellular polymeric substances in the flocculent sludge were much lower than in the granular sludge. Furthermore, the chemical composition of extracellular polymeric substances was different. The high nitrite concentrations more than the inhibitory threshold concentrations were regarded as the reason for the observed granular sludge dispersal and deterioration in reactor performance. The apparent dispersed granular sludge and malfunction of reactor performance could be recovered by means of washing out the residual substrate from the reactor and then re-running the reactor from low substrate concentrations.
Chen, Wen-Kwei,Liu, Ingrid Y,Chang, Ya-Ting,Chen, Yong-Cyuan,Chen, Chih-Cheng,Yen, Chen-Tung,Shin, Hee-Sup,Chen, Chien-Chang The Society 2010 The Journal of neuroscience Vol.30 No.31
<P>Treatments for chronic musculoskeletal pain, such as lower back pain, fibromyalgia, and myofascial pain syndrome, remain inadequate because of our poor understanding of the mechanisms that underlie these conditions. Although T-type Ca(2+) channels (T-channels) have been implicated in peripheral and central pain sensory pathways, their role in chronic musculoskeletal pain is still unclear. Here, we show that acid-induced chronic mechanical hyperalgesia develops in Ca(v)3.1-deficient and wild-type but not in Ca(v)3.2-deficient male and female mice. We also show that T-channels are required for the initiation, but not maintenance, of acid-induced chronic muscle pain. Blocking T-channels using ethosuximide prevented chronic mechanical hyperalgesia in wild-type mice when administered intraperitoneally or intracerebroventricularly, but not intramuscularly or intrathecally. Furthermore, we found an acid-induced, Ca(v)3.2 T-channel-dependent activation of ERK (extracellular signal-regulated kinase) in the anterior nucleus of paraventricular thalamus (PVA), and prevention of the ERK activation abolished the chronic mechanical hyperalgesia. Our findings suggest that Ca(v)3.2 T-channel-dependent activation of ERK in PVA is required for the development of acid-induced chronic mechanical hyperalgesia.</P>
Ting-Ting Chen,Junfen Xu,Bairong Xia,Hui Wang,Yuanming Shen 대한부인종양학회 2024 Journal of Gynecologic Oncology Vol.35 No.1
Background: Epithelial ovarian cancer is the leading cause of death among gynecologicalmalignancies. Platinum resistance remains a dilemma and bottleneck in treatment, andsalvage chemotherapy has limited effectiveness. Recently, the role of secondar y cytoreductivesurger y (SCS) in patients with platinum-resistant recurrent ovarian cancer (ROC) has causedattention especially in patients with oligometastases. However, there is neither high-qualityevidence-based evidence nor standardized criteria for selecting SCS for patients withplatinum-resistant ROC until now. Methods: This multicenter, randomized, controlled clinical trial is to evaluate the valueof SCS and to clarif y reliable criteria of utilizing SCS in women with ROC, which is led byGynecologic Oncology Group, Women’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine. Recruitment has started on Januar y 1st, 2023, and is scheduled to end in December 2026. One hundred and forty participants with platinum-resistant ROC who meet the “RSCScriteria” will be randomized assigned at a ratio of 1:1 to either the experimental arm or thestandard arm. Patients in the experimental arm will receive SCS followed by non-platinumsingle agent chemotherapy (paclitaxel, gemcitabine or liposomal adriamycin) for at least4 cycles while patients in the standard arm will be provided with only non-platinum singleagent chemotherapy. The primar y outcome is progression-free sur vival. The secondar youtcomes are overall sur vival, adverse events and health-related cancer-specific quality of life. Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT05633199
Ke Jian,Chung-Cheng Chen,Yen-Ting Chen,Gui-hong Lin 대한전기학회 2020 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.15 No.6
This study combines the feedback linearization method and our recent researches of Chen electrical unifying approach to propose a global tracking controller design for nonlinear uncertain diff erential-diff erence systems with time delay. One example, which cannot be solved by the fi rst paper on the almost disturbance decoupling problem, is presented in this study to show the essential points that the tracking performance is easily solved by the proposed approach. The study applies Chen electrical unifying approach to take the place of using the disorganized virtual ground technique and the Kirchhoff ’s law for those traditional approaches. In order to show its signifi cant practicability, the study has fi rstly designed an easy-to-implement adder and a time-delay circuit, and an unstable time-delay operational amplifi er control system based on the Chen electrical unifying approach, and then has proposed a stable controller.
Experimental Study on Fire Resistance Performance of Concrete-Filled Steel Plate Composite Walls
Ting Zhou,Xueshan Liu,Hongbo Liu,Yixuan Li,Pengfei Zhang,Huazhou Chen,Zhi-Hua Chen 한국강구조학회 2023 International Journal of Steel Structures Vol.23 No.2
Concrete-filled steel plate composite walls are increasingly used in high-rise buildings; their mechanical properties at room temperature have produced fruitful results. However, research on their mechanical properties in fire and at high temperatures is scarce. Moreover, published studies on the fire resistance of concrete-filled steel plate composite walls have not considered the impact of fire protection measures. Based on previous fire resistance research, a fire resistance test was designed in this study for four walls under the combined action of axial compression and a single-sided fire under the ISO-834 standard heating curve. Apart from that, the existing fire protections have the disadvantages of too thick, easy falling off and cracking or difficult to install. In order to eliminate the disadvantages of existing fire prevention measures, new composite fireproof structure using a rock wool board and a thin fire-retardant coating is proposed. The effects of no fireproof structures, autoclaved lightweight concrete plate fireproof structures, thick-coated fire-retardant structures, and new composite fireproof structures on the fire resistance of concrete-filled steel plate composite walls were studied experimentally. The results show that the fire resistance of the four test specimens meets the 3 h fire resistance limit of the primary load-bearing component in the specification. Based on the experimental results, reasonable fire protection methods are suggested for concrete-filled steel plate composite walls in actual projects, and an experimental basis is provided for further numerical simulation.
Empirical correlation development of R245fa flow in electronic expansion valves
Chen, Ting,Bae, Kyung Jin,Kwon, Oh Kyung Elsevier 2018 International Journal of Refrigeration Vol.88 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>The applications of electronic expansion valves in high temperature heat pump have increased rapidly. However, correlations for predicting R245fa mass flow rate through electronic expansion valves in high temperature heat pump are very limited in open literatures. In this study, mass flow rate characteristics of R245fa refrigerant flowing through electronic expansion valves with different operational conditions are studied experimentally, and empirical correlations are proposed based on the experimental data. The results reveal that the mass flow rate increases with increasing opening degree, condensation temperature, subcooling, and orifice diameter. Based on a modified single phase orifice equation, two empirical correlations are proposed by using the power-law correlation and the polynomial fit correlation, and over 92% of the predicted data deviate from the experimental data within ±15%.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> The mass flow rate of R245fa through 3 EEVs is investigated experimentally. </LI> <LI> Flow pattern of R245fa through EEVs is discussed. </LI> <LI> Two empirical correlations for mass flow rate prediction are proposed. </LI> <LI> Relative deviations of results of two proposed correlations are almost within 15%. </LI> </UL> </P>