A S tudy o n Non-Muslim Consumer s' P urchase Intention of H alal Food in Korea

Tulsi Paudel(Tulsi Paudel ),Wen Ya Li(Wen Ya Li),Yeong Gug Kim(Yeong Gug Kim),Yunho Ji(Yunho Ji) People & Global Business Association 2024 Global Business and Finance Review Vol.29 No.2

An isolated, compact early-type galaxy with a diffuse stellar component: merger origin?★

Paudel, S.,Lisker, T.,Hansson, K. S.,Huxor, A. P. Oxford University Press 2014 MONTHLY NOTICES- ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY Vol.443 No.1

Effect of volumetric organic loading rate (OLR) on H₂ and CH₄ production by two-stage anaerobic co-digestion of food waste and brown water

Paudel, S.,Kang, Y.,Yoo, Y.S.,Seo, G.T. Pergamon Press ; Elsevier Science Ltd 2017 Waste management Vol.61 No.-

<P>Two-stage anaerobic digestion system consisting of two continuously stirred tank reactors (CSTRs) operating at mesophillic conditions (37 degrees C) were studied. The aim of this study is to determine optimum Hydraulic Retention Time (HRT) of the two-stage anaerobic digester system for hydrogen and methane production. This paper also discusses the effect of OLR with change in HRT on the system. Four different HRTs of 48, 24, 12, 8 h were monitored for acidogenic reactor, which provided OLR of 17.7, 34.8, 70.8, 106 g VS/L.d respectively. Two HRTs of 15 days and 20 days were studied with OLR of 1.24 and 1.76 g VS/L.d respectively in methanogenic reactor. Hydrogen production at higher OLR and shorter HRT seemed favorable 106 g VS/L.d (8 h) in acidogenic reactor system. In methanogenic reactor system HRT of 20 day with OLR of 1.24 g VS/L.d was found optimum in terms of methane production and organic removal. The result of this study illustrated the optimum HRT of 8 h and 20 days in acidogenic stage and methanogenic stage for maximum hydrogen and methane production. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.</P>

Constituents of the leaves and twigs of <i>Elaeagnus umbellata</i> and their proliferative effects on human keratinocyte HaCaT cells

Paudel, Sunil Babu,Park, Jiyoung,Kim, Nam Hee,Choi, Hyukjae,Seo, Eun-Kyoung,Woo, Hyun Ae,Nam, Joo-Won INVERNI DELLA BEFFA 2019 Fitoterapia Vol. No.

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Bioassay-guided fractionation of an extract of leaves and twigs of <I>Elaeagnus umbellata</I> led to the isolation of a serotonin derivative, <I>N</I>-[2-(5-hydroxyl-1<I>H</I>-indol-3-yl)ethyl]-butanamide (<B>1</B>), along with six flavonoid glycosides, kaempferol-3-<I>O</I>-β-<SMALL>D</SMALL>-xylopyranosyl(1 → 2)-β-<SMALL>D</SMALL>-galactopyranoside-7-<I>O</I>-α-<SMALL>L</SMALL>-rhamnopyranoside (<B>2</B>), kaempferol-3-<I>O</I>-β-<SMALL>D</SMALL>-galactopyranoside-7-<I>O</I>-α-<SMALL>L</SMALL>-rhamnopyranoside (<B>3</B>), kaempferol-3-<I>O</I>-α-<SMALL>L</SMALL>-rhamnopyranosyl(1 → 6)-β-<SMALL>D</SMALL>-galactopyranoside-7-<I>O</I>-α-<SMALL>L</SMALL>-rhamnopyranoside (<B>4</B>), kaempferol-3-<I>O</I>-β-<SMALL>D</SMALL>-xylopyranosyl(1 → 2)-β-<SMALL>D</SMALL>-galactopyranoside (<B>5</B>), kaempferol-3-<I>O</I>-rutinoside (<B>6</B>), and kaempferol-3-<I>O</I>-β-<SMALL>D</SMALL>-glucopyranosyl(1 → 2)-β-<SMALL>D</SMALL>-galactopyranoside-7-<I>O</I>-α-<SMALL>L</SMALL>-rhamnopyranoside (<B>7</B>). Their structures were elucidated using 1D/2D nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and mass spectrometry. Compounds <B>1</B>–<B>6</B> were evaluated for their proliferative effects on HaCaT keratinocytes; <B>1</B>–<B>5</B> promoted keratinocyte proliferation dose dependently. Compounds <B>3</B> and <B>4</B> showed potent activities. These results suggest that the leaves and twigs of <I>E. umbellata</I> have wound healing and skin cell regeneration potentials.</P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

Design, Synthesis, and Functional Evaluation of 1, 5-Disubstituted Tetrazoles as Monoamine Neurotransmitter Reuptake Inhibitors

Paudel Suresh,Wang Shuji,Kim Eunae,Kundu Dooti,Min Xiao,Shin Chan Young,Kim Kyeong-Man 한국응용약물학회 2022 Biomolecules & Therapeutics(구 응용약물학회지) Vol.30 No.2

Tetrazoles were designed and synthesized as potential inhibitors of triple monoamine neurotransmitters (dopamine, norepinephrine, serotonin) reuptake based on the functional and docking simulation of compound 6 which were performed in a previous study. The compound structure consisted of a tetrazole-linker (n)-piperidine/piperazine-spacer (m)-phenyl ring, with tetrazole attached to two phenyl rings (R1 and R2). Altering the carbon number in the linker (n) from 3 to 4 and in the spacer (m) from 0 to 1 increased the potency of serotonin reuptake inhibition. Depending on the nature of piperidine/piperazine, the substituents at R1 and R2 exerted various effects in determining their inhibitory effects on monoamine reuptake. Docking study showed that the selectivity of tetrazole for different transporters was determined based on multiple interactions with various residues on transporters, including hydrophobic residues on transmembrane domains 1, 3, 6, and 8. Co-expression of dopamine transporter, which lowers dopamine concentration in the biophase by uptaking dopamine into the cells, inhibited the dopamine-induced endoctytosis of dopamine D2 receptor. When tested for compound 40 and 56, compound 40 which has more potent inhibitory activity on dopamine reuptake more strongly disinhibited the inhibitory activity of dopamine transporter on the endocytosis of dopamine D2 receptor. Overall, we identified candidate inhibitors of triple monoamine neurotransmitter reuptake and provided a theoretical background for identifying such neurotransmitter modifiers for developing novel therapeutic agents of various neuropsychiatric disorders.

ADAM10 mediates <i>N</i>‐cadherin ectodomain shedding during retinal ganglion cell differentiation in primary cultured retinal cells from the developing chick retina

Paudel, Sharada,Kim, Yeoun‐,Hee,Huh, Man‐,Il,Kim, Song‐,Ja,Chang, Yongmin,Park, Young Jeung,Lee, Kyoo Won,Jung, Jae‐,Chang Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company 2013 Journal of cellular biochemistry Vol.114 No.4

<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>Here, we examined the role of ADAM10 during retinal cell differentiation in retinal sections and in vitro cultures of developing chick retinal cells from embryonic day 6 (ED6). Immunohistochemistry showed that ADAM10 is abundantly expressed in the inner zone of neuroblastic layer at ED5, and it becomes more highly expressed in the ganglion cell layer at ED7 and ED9. Western blotting confirmed that ADAM10 was expressed as an inactive pro‐form that was processed to a shorter, active form in control cultured cells, but in cultures treated with an ADAM10 inhibitor (GI254023X) and ADAM10‐specific siRNA, the level of mature ADAM10 decreased. Phase‐contrast microscopy showed that long neurite extensions were present in untreated cultures 24 h after plating, whereas cultures treated with GI254023X showed significant decreases in neurite extension. Immunofluorescence staining revealed that there were far fewer differentiated ganglion cells in ADAM10 siRNA and GI254023X‐treated cultures compared to controls, whereas the photoreceptor cells were unaltered. The Pax6 protein was more strongly detected in the differentiated ganglion cells of control cultures compared to ADAM10 siRNA and GI254023X‐treated cultures. <I>N</I>‐cadherin ectodomain shedding was apparent in control cultures after 24 h, when ganglion cell differentiation was observed, but ADAM10 siRNA and GI254023X treatment inhibited these processes. In contrast, <I>N</I>‐cadherin staining was strongly detected in photoreceptor cells regardless of ADAM10 siRNA and GI254023X treatment. Taken together, these data indicate that the inhibition of ADAM10 can inhibit Pax6 expression and <I>N</I>‐cadherin ectodomain shedding in retinal cells, possibly affecting neurite outgrowth and ganglion cell differentiation. J. Cell. Biochem. 114: 942–954, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.</P>

TIDAL INTERACTION AS THE ORIGIN OF EARLY-TYPE DWARF GALAXIES IN GROUP ENVIRONMENTS

Paudel, Sanjaya,Ree, Chang H. IOP Publishing 2014 ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS - Vol.796 No.1

<P>We present a sample of dwarf galaxies that suffer ongoing disruption by the tidal forces of nearby massive galaxies. By analyzing structural and stellar population properties using the archival imaging and spectroscopic data from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS), we find that they are likely a 'smoking gun' example of the formation through tidal stirring of early-type dwarf galaxies (dEs) in the galaxy group environment. The inner cores of these galaxies are fairly intact and the observed light profiles are well fit by the Sersic functions while the tidally stretched stellar halos are prominent in the outer parts. They are all located within a sky-projected distance of 50 kpc from the centers of the host galaxies and no dwarf galaxies have relative line-of-sight velocities larger than 205 km s(-1) to their hosts. We derive the Composite Stellar Population properties of these galaxies by fitting the SDSS optical spectra to a multiple-burst composite stellar population model. We find that these galaxies accumulate a significant fraction of stellar mass within the last 1 Gyr and contain a majority stellar population with an intermediate age of 2 to 4 Gyr. Based on this evidence, we argue that tidal stirring, particularly through the galaxy-galaxy interaction, might have an important role in the formation and evolution of dEs in the group environment where the influence of other gas stripping mechanism might be limited.</P>

Properties of paper-based biodegradable pots for growing seedlings

PAUDEL BHOLA,Basak Jayanta Kumar,Kaushalya Madhavi Bolappa Gamage,김나은,Lee Gun-Ho,최경문,Choi Young-Woo,김현태 한국원예학회 2022 Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology Vol.63 No.6

The disadvantageous properties of plastic and plastic wastes have resulted in biodegradable products and seedling pots gain- ing popularity. Agents of diff erent strengths and sizes agents are usually mixed in the paper pulp to enhance the strength of paper-based seedlings pots. In this study, three types of paper-based seedling pots, with 0%, 3% and 5% of additives, named N0, N3, and N5, respectively, were tested to determine their physical, mechanical and biodegradation properties. Water absorption test results showed that the absorption rate was higher in N0, followed by N3 and N5; a similar pattern was observed in the maximum water absorption, thickness and solubility tests. The tensile test showed the highest strength in N3 (3.9 MPa), followed by N0 (3.8 MPa) and N5 (3.1 MPa) at 0% moisture absorption. However, at 100% moisture absorption, tensile strength dropped the most for N0 (82%), followed by N3 (67%) and N5 (65%). Hybrid broccoli seeds germinated inside the plant factory showed that 95% germinated within 13 days. Temporal data showed that germination time was most delayed in N5. No signifi cant diff erence was found in seedling height; however, a signifi cant diff erence was found in the root to shoot height ratio. N0 showed maximum weight and tensile strength loss on the biodegradation test, followed by N3 and N5. At the end of the fourth week, the tensile strength of N0, N3 and N5 was found to be 0.25 MPa, 0.69 MPa and 0.79 MPa, respectively, which was reduced by 94%, 81%, and 79%, respectively, compared to their initial strength. In conclusion, pots containing water repellent additives showed diff erent properties than those without additives, except for germination and seedling growth. This experiment confi rms that using additives will increase the strength of paper-based seedling pots in wet conditions without aff ecting the germination and growth of seedlings.

How Profitable and Energy-Efficient Is Nepal’s Crop Production? A Case Study of Spring Rice Production in Jhapa District

Paudel Padam Prasad,Pokhrel Dharma Raj,Koirala Sajan,Baitha Lalan,김대현,Kafle Sagar 한국농업기계학회 2021 바이오시스템공학 Vol.46 No.1

Purpose We investigated the energy usage, economics, and global warming potential (GWP) of spring rice production via farm sizes in Nepal. Methods Seventy farmers were selected via purposive sampling methods, and data were collected by interviewing the farmers on site. Results It was found that 22,987 mega joules of energy per hectare (MJ/ha) was invested in order to yield 77,355 MJ/ha worth of outputs (5262 kg/ha). The analysis shows that the highest share of energy input was contributed by machinery (33.50%) and least by chemicals (0.96%). It was further found that spring rice farming in Nepal is less energy productive (0.23 kg/MJ) and less energy efficient (3.37) than that of neighboring countries—such as India, China, and Pakistan. The total GWP is estimated about 720.56 kgCO2eq/ha. The average cost of productionwas found to equate to USD810.24/ha (or USD0.154/kg of production), and that profit only reached USD73.93/ha. Conclusion This study found that energy use, cost of production, and yield per ha all generally decrease as the size of the landholding increases, whereas energy use efficiency and profits increase to an optimum level of land size and inputs. Low profits could be the result of the small size of landholdings and low levels of mechanization. This can be improved by increasing energy inputs and practicing community-farming.

Enhancement of pradimicin production in Actinomadura hibisca P157-2 by metabolic engineering

Paudel, S.,Lee, H.C.,Kim, B.S.,Sohng, J.K. G. Fischer 2011 MICROBIOLOGICAL RESEARCH Vol.167 No.1

Actinomadura hibisca P157-2 produces potent antifungal antibiotic pradimicins. To enhance pradimicin production, ACCase from Streptomyces coelicolor and two regulatory genes metK1-sp and afsR-sp from Streptomyces peuticus were overexpressed into A. hibisca using an integration vector pSET152 under the control of the strong ermE* promoter. The constructed plasmids pACC152, pSAM152, pAFS152, pSA152 and pASA152 were transformed into A. hibisca by the conjugal method. The recombinant strains A. hibisca ACC, A. hibisca SAM, A. hibisca AFS, A. hibisca SA and A. hibisca ASA produced greater amounts of pradimicin than the parental strain with an increment of 3-fold, 2.1-fold, 2.8-fold, 3.4-fold, and 4.5-fold respectively. To increase the acetyl-coA pool, the strains were fed methyl oleate and acetate as carbon sources. The production was increased in wild-type A. hibisca, A. hibisca ACC and A. hibisca ASA by 2.2-fold, 4.12-fold and 5.98-fold respectively, with oleate and by 1.12-fold, 3.8-fold and 5.38-fold respectively with acetate. The strain A. hibisca ASA remained the best strain for the production of pradimicin. The higher transcriptional levels of structural genes in the strains harboring metK1-sp and afsR-sp compared to the wild-type strain were consistent with the enhanced production.