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Kim, J.E.,Kim, H.J.,Pandit, S.,Chang, K.W.,Jeon, J.G. Inverni Della Beffa S.p.A ; Elsevier Science 2011 Fitoterapia Vol.82 No.3
Rheum undulatum root has been used traditionally in Korea for the treatment of dental diseases. The purpose of this study was to separate a fraction from R. undulatum showing anti-acid production activity against Streptococcus mutans biofilms and identify the main components in that fraction. Methanol extract of R. undulatum root and its fractions were prepared. To select a fraction exhibiting anti-acid production activity, suspension glycolytic pH-drop assay was performed. Among the fractions tested, dichloromethane fraction exhibited the strongest activity in a dose-dependent manner. To examine the effect of the selected fraction on the anti-acid production of S. mutans biofilms, 74h old S. mutans biofilms were used. The selected fraction reduced the initial rate of acid production of S. mutans biofilms at sub-minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) levels. HPLC qualitative analysis of the selected fraction indicated that the presence of anthraquinone derivatives, such as aloe-emodin, emodin, chrysophanol and physcion, as main components.
Choi, J.Y.,Kim, H.,Choi, Y.J.,Ishihara, A.,Back, K.,Lee, S.G. Inverni Della Beffa S.p.A ; Elsevier Science 2010 Fitoterapia Vol.81 No.8
Hydroxycinnamic acid amides of serotonin (HCAAS) [caffeoylserotonin (compound 1), p-coumaroylserotonin (compound 2), and feruloylserotonin (compound 3)] are secondary metabolites produced in plants. The aim of this study was to investigate the cytoprotective effects of HCAAS based on intracellular reactive oxygen radical (ROS) generation, lipid peroxidation, protein carbonylation, and phosphorylation of histone H2AX in H<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>2</SUB> treated-HepG2 and HaCaT cells. We have shown that HCAAS showed various strong antioxidant activities in hydrogen peroxide treated both cell lines, suggesting that these compounds may play as chemotherapeutic agents for preventing or reducing the oxidative stress-induced diseases.
A new cytotoxic guaianolide from Chrysanthemum boreale
Park, K.H.,Yang, M.S.,Park, M.K.,Kim, S.C.,Yang, C.H.,Park, S.J.,Lee, J.R. Inverni Della Beffa S.p.A ; Elsevier Science 2009 Fitoterapia Vol.80 No.1
A new cytotoxic guaianolide was isolated from Chrysanthemum boreale Makino. The structure of guaianolide was elucidated as 8-acetoxy-4,10-dihydroxy-2,11(13)-guaiadiene-12,6-olide (1). Compound 1 exhibited cytotoxic activity (IC<SUB>50</SUB>@?4 @?g/ml) against all five human cancer cell lines tested.
Park, D.H.,Park, S.J.,Kim, J.M.,Jung, W.Y.,Ryu, J.H. Inverni Della Beffa S.p.A ; Elsevier Science 2010 Fitoterapia Vol.81 No.6
It is well known that inhibition of prolyl oligopeptidase (POP) is involved in memory-related function. In this study, we observed that rosmarinic acid (RA) inhibits POP activity with an IC<SUB>50</SUB> of 63.7μM. Subsequently, we investigated the cognitive-enhancing effects of RA employing the Morris water maze paradigm. The results demonstrated that RA is non-competitive POP inhibitor and that acute and subchronic RA treatments showed an inverted U-shaped dose-response curve in the platform crossings. Furthermore, chronic RA treatment significantly increased the platform crossings. These results suggest that RA has a cognitive-enhancing effect which may be mediated by inhibition of POP.
3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitory effect of Vitis vinifera
Koo, M.,Kim, S.H.,Lee, N.,Yoo, M.Y.,Ryu, S.Y.,Kwon, D.Y.,Kim, Y.S. Inverni Della Beffa S.p.A ; Elsevier Science 2008 Fitoterapia Vol.79 No.3
Activity-guided fractionation of the methanol extract of Vitis vinifera bark led to the isolation of ε-viniferin, ampelopcin A, vitisin A and vitisin B. Vitisin A and vitisin B showed a remarkable inhibitory activity against 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-Coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase with IC<SUB>50</SUB> value of 42.1 μM and 23.9 μM, respectively.
Lee, G.S.,Hong, E.J.,Gwak, K.S.,Park, M.J.,Choi, K.C.,Choi, I.G.,Jang, J.W.,Jeung, E.B. Inverni Della Beffa S.p.A ; Elsevier Science 2010 Fitoterapia Vol.81 No.1
Chamaecyparis obtusa (C. obtusa) is a conifer in the cypress family Cupressaceae, native to northeast Asia. The essential oils of C. obtusa have antibacterial and antifungal effects and several products such as hygienic bands, aromatics, and shampoos contain these oils as a natural source of antimicrobial/antifungal agents. Interestingly, some consumers suffering from baldness and/or other forms of hair loss have reported a hair growth promoting effect of shampoos containing these oils. In the present study, the hair growth promoting effect of C. obtusa oils was elucidated in an animal model. C. obtusa oils promoted the early phase of hair growth in shaved mice. In addition, we examined the molecular effect of C. obtusa oils on the regulation of hair morphogenesis and hair growth using the human keratinocyte cell line HaCaT. In the current study of hair growth regulating genes, the expressions of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), transforming growth factor (TGFβ1), and keratinocyte growth factor(KGF) have been analyzed by real-time PCR in HaCaT cells. The essential oils of C. obtusa were divided into seven fractions for treatment of HaCaT cells. VEGF transcripts were induced by fractions 6 and 7; however, TGFβ1 and KGF mRNA levels were unchanged by C. obtusa oils or fractions. Fraction 7 was separated into seven sub-fractions and studied further. Sub-fractions E and D significantly increased VEGF and KGF gene expression without up-regulating the hair growth inhibition factor, TGFβ1. The components of the two sub-fractions were further analyzed by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. Cuminol, eucarvone, and calamenene were common to these two sub-fractions, although the effects of these individual components were not determined. Taken together, these results suggest that C. obtusa oils promote hair growth in an animal model and a positive regulator of hair growth, VEGF, was induced by particular components of these oils.
Characterization of a cinnamoyl derivative from broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. var. italica) florets
Survay, N.S.,Kumar, B.,Upadhyaya, C.P.,Ko, E.,Lee, C.,Choi, J.N.,Yoon, D.Y.,Jung, Y.S.,Park, S.W. Inverni Della Beffa S.p.A ; Elsevier Science 2010 Fitoterapia Vol.81 No.8
A new intact glucosinolate Cinnamoyl derivative [6'-O-trans-(4''- hydroxy cinnamoyl)-4-(methylsulphinyl) butyl glucosinolate] (A) has been isolated from Broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. var. italica) florets. The compound was isolated and characterized by LC, MS-ESI, FTIR, <SUP>1</SUP>H and <SUP>13</SUP>C NMR as well as <SUP>1</SUP>H-<SUP>1</SUP>H COSY, DEPT 135<SUP>o</SUP> spectrometric experiments.
A new epicatechin gallate and calpain inhibitory activity from Orostachys japonicus
Kim, H.J.,Lee, J.Y.,Kim, S.M.,Park, D.A.,Jin, C.,Hong, S.P.,Lee, Y.S. Inverni Della Beffa S.p.A ; Elsevier Science 2009 Fitoterapia Vol.80 No.1
Calpains are calcium-dependent proteases that cleave a variety of intracellular substrates. The overactivation of μ-calpain is associated with a wide range of disease conditions. To search for calpain inhibitors from natural products, the phytochemical constituents of the ethyl acetate fraction of the whole plant of Orostachys japonicus (Crassulaceae) were studied. The various chromatographic separation of this fraction led to the isolation of a new tannin, (-)-epicatechin 5-gallate (1) along with 9 known compounds. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic and chemical analyses. Among them, (-)-epicatechin 5-gallate (1) and kaempferol (9) exhibited moderate inhibitory activity against μ-calpain with IC<SUB>50</SUB> values of 18.0+/-2.9 and 15.4+/-2.0 @?g/ml, respectively.
Effects of scoparone on dopamine release in PC12 cells
Yang, Y.J.,Lee, H.J.,Lee, B.K.,Lim, S.C.,Lee, C.K.,Lee, M.K. Inverni Della Beffa S.p.A ; Elsevier Science 2010 Fitoterapia Vol.81 No.6
The effects of scoparone on dopamine release in PC12 cells were investigated. Scoparone at 50-200@?M increased dopamine release into the culture medium. However, the released levels of dopamine by scoparone were not altered in the absence of extracellular Ca<SUP>2+</SUP> and by adenylyl cyclase inhibitor MDL-12,330A. Scoparone increased phosphorylation of PKA, CaMK II and synapsin I. Scoparone also enhanced K<SUP>+</SUP>-induced levels of dopamine release by CaMK II phosphorylation. These results suggest that scoparone increases dopamine release by synapsin I phosphorylation via activation of PKA and CaMK II, which are mediated by cyclic AMP levels and Ca<SUP>2+</SUP> influx.
Ban, S.H.,Kwon, Y.R.,Pandit, S.,Lee, Y.S.,Yi, H.K.,Jeon, J.G. Inverni Della Beffa S.p.A ; Elsevier Science 2010 Fitoterapia Vol.81 No.1
Polygonum cuspidatum root has been traditionally used for the treatment of dental diseases in Korea. The purpose of this study was to evaluate effects of P. cuspidatum root on the development of dental caries, especially its effects against bacterial viability and caries-inducing factors of Strptococcus mutans and Strptococcus sobrinus. Among methanol extract of P. cuspidatum root and its fraction tested, ethyl acetate fraction, composed of polydatin, resveratrol, anthraglycoside B, and emodin, showed inhibitory effects on glycolytic acid production and glucosyltransferase activity of S. mutans and S. sobrinus in addition to antibacterial activities.