Rapid and Visual Detection of Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus by Reverse Transcription Recombinase Polymerase Amplification with Lateral Flow Strips

김나경(Na-Kyeong Kim),이효정(Hyo-Jeong Lee),김상민(Sang-Min Kim),정래동(Rae-Dong Jeong) 한국식물병리학회 2022 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.38 No.2

Barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV) has been a major viral pathogen causing significant losses of cereal crops including oats worldwide. It spreads naturally through aphids, and a rapid, specific, and reliable diagnostic method is imperative for disease monitoring and management. Here, we established a rapid and reliable method for isothermal reverse transcription recombinase polymerase amplification (RT-RPA) combined with a lateral flow strips (LFS) assay for the detection of BYDV-infected oat samples based on the conserved sequences of the BYDV coat protein gene. Specific primers and a probe for RT-RPA reacted and optimally incubated at 42oC for 10 min, and the end-labeled amplification products were visualized on LFS within 10 min. The RT-RPA-LFS assay showed no cross-reactivity with other major cereal viruses, including barley mild mosaic virus, barley yellow mosaic virus, and rice black streaked dwarf virus, indicating high specificity of the assay. The sensitivity of the RT-RPA-LFS assay was similar to that of reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, and it was successfully validated to detect BYDV in oat samples from six different regions and in individual aphids. These results confirm the outstanding potential of the RT-RPA-LFS assay for rapid detection of BYDV.

후열처리에 따른 Cu-NiCrBSi 이종 레이저 클래드부의 미세조직 및 기계적 성질 변화

김경민,정예선,심아진,박원아,박창규,천은준,Kim, Kyeong-Min,Jeong, Ye-Seon,Sim, Ahjin,Park, Wonah,Park, Changkyoo,Chun, Eun-Joon 한국재료학회 2020 한국재료학회지 Vol.30 No.9

For surface hardening of a continuous casting mold component, a fundamental metallurgical investigation on dissimilar laser clads (Cu-NiCrBSi) is performed. In particular, variation behavior of microstructures and mechanical properties (hardness and wear resistance) of dissimilar clads during long-term service is clarified by performing high-temperature post-clad heat treatment (temperature range: 500 ~ 1,000 ℃ and isothermal holding time: 20 ~ 500 min). The microstructures of clad metals (as-clads) consist of fine dendrite morphologies and severe microsegregations of the alloying elements (Cr and Si); substrate material (Cu) is clearly confirmed. During the post-clad heat treatment, the microsegregations are totally homogenized, and secondary phases (Cr-based borides and carbides) precipitated during the short-term heat treatment are also almost dissolved, especially at the heat treatment conditions of 950 ℃ for 500 min. Owing to these microstructural homogenization behaviors, an opposite tendency of the surface mechanical properties can be confirmed. In other words, the wear resistance (wear rate) improves from 4.1 × 10^-2 ㎣/Nm (as-clad condition) to 1.4 × 10^-2 ㎣/Nm (heat-treated at 950 ℃ for 500 min), whereas the hardness decreases from 453 HV (as-clad condition) to 142 HV (heat-treated at 950 ℃ for 500 min).

Reverse Transcription Recombinase Polymerase Amplification Assay for Rapid and Sensitive Detection of Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus in Oat

Na-Kyeong Kim,Sang-Min Kim,Rae-Dong Jeong 한국식물병리학회 2020 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.36 No.5

Barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV) is an economically important plant pathogen that causes stunted growth, delayed heading, leaf yellowing, and purple leaf tip, thereby reducing the yields of cereal crops worldwide. In the present study, a reverse transcription recombinase polymerase amplification (RT-RPA) assay was developed for the detection of BYDV in oat leaf samples. The RT-RPA assay involved incubation at an isothermal temperature (42°C) and could be performed rapidly in 5 min. In addition, no cross-reactivity was observed to occur with other cereal-infecting viruses, and the method was 100 times more sensitive than conventional reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Furthermore, the assay was validated for the detection of BYDV in both field-collected oat leaves and viruliferous aphids. Thus, the RT-RPA assay developed in the present study represents a simple, rapid, sensitive, and reliable method for detecting BYDV in oats.

결핵균 30 kDa 항원과 Triton X-100 Solubilized Protein 항원에 의한 대장암 주변 림프절 단핵구의 활성화

박정규,김광호,조은경,임재현,민들레,송영자,김화중,백태현 忠南大學校 癌共同硏究所 1998 癌共同硏究所 硏究誌 Vol.2 No.1

Tumor-draining lymph node mononuclear (TDLMN) cells are specifically sensitized to the growing tumor but such cells are deficient for mediating an antitumor response. In this study, we examined the feasibility of using mycobacterial 30 kDa or Triton X-100 solubilized protein (TSP) antigen to stimulate mononuclear cells of colon cancer-draining lymph node for the generation of cell mediated immune effector cells. The proliferative response of TDLMN cells stimulated with mycobacterial 30 kDa or TSP antigen was determined by ^(3)H-thymidine incorporation assay. The proliferation of TDLMN cells to mycobacterial 30 kDa or TSP antigen was significantly increased in PPD (+) patients, but a poor response to the 30 kDa or TSP antigen was observed in PPD (-). The expression on γδ T cells to mycobacterial 30 kDa or TSP antigen was assessed by flow cytometry. The γδ T cells from PPD ( + ) patient responded only to 30 kDa antigen but to TSP antigen. An investigation of cytokine mRNA expression was undertaken using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) to follow TDLMN cells stimulated with the 30 kDa or TSP antigens for 5 days. The IFN-γ and TNF-α mRNA expression was only induced in TDLMN cells of PPD ( + ) patient in response to the 30 kDa or TSP antigen. The IL-2 mRNA expression was induced in both PPD (+) and PPD (-) in response to the 30 kDa or TSP antigen. But the IL-4 mRNA expression was not induced in response to the 30 kDa or TSP antigen. These results suggest that the 30 kDa and TSP antigens may serve as biologic response modifier for the generation of cell mediated immune effector cells.

결핵항원에 의한 결핵환자 말초혈액 단핵구의 IL-2,IL-10 및 TNF-α mRNA 발현비교

박정규,임영재,김화중,조은경,민들레,임재현,최덕례,박성규 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1999 충남의대잡지 Vol.26 No.1

The various clinical features of tuberculosis are mediated by diverse cytokines produced by various immune cells which are initially triggered by M. tuberculosis antigens. CD4+ T cells can be classified into two subsets according to the patterns of cytokines they produce; Thl cells give rise to cell-mediated immunity and are characterized by the production of IL-2 and IFN-y, whereas Th2 cells are more efficient in mediating antibody production and secrete II-4, IL-5, IL-6 and II-10, Thl cells can control Th2 cell and vice versa. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells of healthy, cured and chronic refractory tuberculosis patients were stimulated with PPD, TSP and PHA antigen, and lymphoproliferative response and expression of II-2, IL- 10, TNF-α mRNAs were measured. Lymphoproliferative responses to PPD, TSP and PHA antigen were depressed in chronic refractory case compared with others expression of IL-2 mRNA was depressed in chronic refractory case stimulated with all antigens. Expression of IL-10 and TNF-α were depressed in cured and chronic refractory cases stimulated with PPD and TSP antigens.

건설소음과 관련한 환경분쟁조정 사례 연구

최정민,이경형,박형덕 창원대학교 산업기술연구소 2001 産技硏論文集 Vol.15 No.-

Recently the construction works in city are increasing and the percentage of dissatisfaction on the construction noises are increasing rapidly. So this study focuses on the case study on the environmental dispute intervention related to construction noise problems. With this study, two representative cases are classified in construction noises and other country's administrative criterions are investigated and compared. The results of this study will be used to prevent construction noise problems in advance.

건강한 한국인 성인 남성에서 레보설피리드 제제의 생체이용률

이정민,최성업,김희규,윤미경,김세희,염정록,최영욱 한국약제학회 2003 Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation Vol.33 No.3

Pharmacokinetics and oral bioavailability of levosulpiride was determined in Korean healthy male volunteers. Thirty subjects received a single oral dose (25 ㎎) of a tablet in randomized 2×2 cross-over design. The plasma concentratons of levosulpiride were measured by HPLC and compared with those reported in the literature. Pharacokinetic parameters for Isomeric^(??) tablet (levosulpiride 25 ㎎) were revealed as follows: AUC _(inf) 737.1±176.9 ng·hr/ml, C_(max) 56.4±20.1 ng/ml, T_(max) 4.2±1.6hr, K_(a) 1.00±1.09 hr^(-1), K_(el) 0.08±0.02 hr^(-1), and t_(1/2) 8.8±1.9 hr. The rate constant of the absorption phase was obtained based on the first-order kinetics. In the aspect of bioavailability, Isomeric^(??) tablet was bioequivalent to the other product (Levopride^(?)tablet) available in the Korean market. Intersubject variations and race differences were shown in comparison with the published date in the literature, even though there ws a linear relationship between dose and extent of bioavailability.

효율적 영역 기반 부호화를 위한 인간 시각 특성에 기반한 계층적 영상 분할

송근원,정광민,도경훈 東西大學校 1998 동서논문집 Vol.4 No.-

본 논문에서는 주관적 화질 및 객관적 화질을 유지하면서 영역 기반 초저속 부호화에서 병목 현상을 유발하는 과다한 윤곽선 정보를 효과적으로 줄일 수 있으며, 또한 각 계층에서의 전송 정보량를 조절할 수 있는 계층적 영상 분할 알고리즘을 제안한다. 제안한 알고리즘은 각 계층에서 수리 형태학에 기반한 계층적 영상 분할과 인간 시각 시스템(HVS)특성을 고려한 영역 병합으로 구성된다. 계층적 영상 분할은 3계층으로 이루어져 있으며, 영상 분할 수 인간 시각이 구분할 수 없는 두 인접 영역을 병합한다. 이때 인간 시각 시스템 특성에 기반하여 병합 순서를 결정하는 병합 우선 순휘 함수(MPF)를 제한하여 영역 병합을 수행한다. 실험을 통하여 제안한 알고리즘은 기존의 알고리즘보다 PSNR은 평균 0.14dB 낮으나, 윤곽선 정보량은 30% 줄일 수 있었으며, 또한 각 계층에서 전송 정보량을 조절할 수 있는 적응성이 있는 영상 분할 구조임을 알 수 있었다. In this paper, a new hierarchical image segmentation algorithm based on human visual system(HVS) characteristic, which can efficiently reduce information quantity to be transmitted without the degradation of the subjective and objective image quality, and which is suitable for region-based very low bit coding because it can control information quantity to be transmitted, is proposed. It consists of image segmentation based on mathematical morphology and region merging considering HVS characteristic for the pairs of two adjacent regions at each level of the hierarchy. Image segmentation is composed of 3-level hierarchical structure and in the region merging structure of each level, we extract the pairs of two adjacent regions which human vision can't discriminate, and then merge them. Since the proposed region merging method selects two neighbor regions to be merged and performs region merging according to merging order based on HVS characteristics, it can efficiently improve bottleneck problem caused by excessive contour information at region-based very low bit rate coding. In experimental results, though the PSNR by the proposed algorithm is about 0.14dB lower than that of conventional method, the subjective image quality is almost the same and the contour information to be transmitted is reduced as much as 23.9% on the average.

Factors Influencing the Acrylamide Content of Fried Potato Products

Jin, Yong-Ik,Park, Kyeong-Hun,Chang, Dong-Chil,Cho, Ji-Hong,Cho, Kwang-Su,Im, Ju-Sung,Hong, Su-Young,Kim, Su-Jeong,Nam, Jung-Hwan,Sohn, Hwang-Bae,Yu, Hong-Seob,Chung, Ill-Min The Korean Society of Environmental Agriculture 2016 한국환경농학회지 Vol.35 No.4

BACKGROUND: Acrylamide (CAS No. 79-06-1) is known to be a carcinogenic compound, and is classified as a Group 2A compound by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC, 1994). Acrylamide can be generated during the browning process via the non-enzymatic Maillard reaction of carbohydrates such as reducing sugars and of amino acids such as asparagine, both of which occur at a temperature above $120^{\circ}C$. Potato tubers contain reducing sugars, and thus, this will affect the safety of processed potato products such as potato chips and French fries. In order to reduce the level of acrylamide in potato processed products, it is therefore necessary to understand factors that affect the reducing sugar content of potatoes, such as environmental factors and potato storage conditions, as well as understanding factors affecting acrylamide formation during potato processing itself. METHODS AND RESULTS: Potatoes were cultivated in eight regions of Korea; For each of these different environments, soil physico-chemical characteristics such as pH, electrical conductivity, total nitrogen, available phosphate, and exchangeable cation content were measured and correlations with potato reducing sugar content and potato chip acrylamide levels were examined. The reducing sugar content in potato during storage for three months was determined and acrylamide level in potato chip was analyzed after processing. The storage temperature levels were $4^{\circ}C$, $8^{\circ}C$, or $10^{\circ}C$, respectively. The acrylamide content of chips prepared from potatoes stored at $10^{\circ}C$ or $20^{\circ}C$ for one month was analyzed and the different frying times were 2, 3, 5, and 7 min. CONCLUSION: This study showed that monitoring and controlling the phosphate content within a potato field should be sufficient to avoid producing brown or black potato chips. For potatoes stored at low temperatures, a reconditioning period ($20^{\circ}C$ for 20 days) is required in order to reduce the levels of reducing sugars in the potato and subsequently reduce the acrylamide and improve chip coloration and appearance.

P278 : Nonablative fractional laser as a tool to facilitate skin penetration of 5-aminolevulinic acid with minimal skin disruption

( In Jung Kang ),( Jeong Hwee Choi ),( Min Jae Gwak ),( Hee Kyeong Lim ),( Mu Hyoung Lee ),( Min Kyung Shin ) 대한피부과학회 2013 대한피부과학회 학술발표대회집 Vol.65 No.2

Background: Effective penetration of photosensitizer is an essential step in photodynamic therapy (PDT). There have been trials of several methods, including laser treatment, to facilitate prompt and sufficiently deep transdermal drug delivery. Objectives: This study was performed to evaluate the effects of nonablative fractional laser pretreatment on aminolevulinic acid (ALA) penetration of the skin. Methods: Twelve identical treatment areas of 1 × 1 cm2 on the backs of 10 healthy male subjects were mapped. Each area received laser treatment with a different energy and incubation with ALA for different times. Laser treatment was performed with a 1550 nm fractional erbium glass laser, and the laser energy was set to 20 and 50 mJ with a spot density of 50/cm2. ALA incubation time was set to 30, 60, or 180 min. Porphyrin fluorescence was measured. Results: Nonablative fractional laser-pretreated areas showed significantly increased porphyrin fluorescence compared to non-pretreated areas. Laser energy strength and ALA incubation time were positively correlated with ALA absorption. Conclusion: Nonablative fractional laser treatment effectively enhanced ALA skin penetration. Pretreatment with a nonablative fractional laser can be used for ALA-PDT to achieve higher therapeutic efficacy and shortened ALA incubation times with minimal skin barrier disruption compared to ablative laser.