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기광석,김현섭,정하연,이현준,안병석,김준식,강수원,김용국,하종규 한국동물자원과학회 2003 한국축산학회지 Vol.45 No.5
This study was carried out to survey operation system of self-making TMR and particle size of self-making and commercial TMR, then to compare TMR particle size recommended by Penn State particle Size Separator. Daily mixing time in self-making TMR averaged 48.6±28.0min, 2 angar type of mixer was most by 55.5% and daily 2 times of mixing in summer and other season was 44.4 and 22.2%, respectively. Percentage of residual feed in upper sieve(19㎜ diameter), middle sieve(8 ti 18㎜ diameter) and lower pen was 21.5~25.6%, 16.0~25.8%, 52.8~61.4%, respectively, at self-making TMR mixer. Percentage of particle sizes of more than 19㎜ in self-making and commercial TMR was 24.9±1.4 and 26.2±1.7%, that of 8-10㎜ 22.8±1.0 and 12.8±1.2 and that of less than 8㎜ 52.3±1.7 and 61.0±1.5, respectively, which in particle length of 8~13㎜ in self-making and commercial TMR was lower by 82.6 and 100% compared to that recommended by Penn State particle separator, respectively. Especially there was not particle length of more than 19㎜ in commercial TMR at all. It is necessary to check the number of cows ruminating in a farm in order to estimate the particle size of TMR; it is recommended to change the TMR mixing time or the TMR formulae if the proportion of ruminating cows in a farm is less than 40%.
$K-BEtest^{\circledR}$, 새로운 생물학적 동등성 시험 통계처리 프로그램의 개발
이영주,최정호,송세흠,서철환,김동섭,박인숙,최기환,나한광,정석재,이민화,심창구,Lee, Young-Joo,Choi, Jung-Ho,Song, Sae-Heum,Seo, Chul-Hwan,Kim, Dong-Sup,Park, In-Sook,Choi, Ki-Hwan,Na, Han-Kwang,Chung, Suk-Jae,Lee, Min-Hwa,Shim, Chang-K 한국약제학회 1998 Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation Vol.28 No.4
A computer program for personal computers, $K-BEtest^{\circledR}$, was developed to analyze bioequivalence data in accordance with Korean Guidelines for Bioequivalence Test (KGBT). This program is user-friendly, interactive, Hangul-compatible and supports $2{\times}2$ cross-over design as well as $2{\times}2$ Latin square design with various significance levels. This program is able to calculate AUC, $C_{max}$ and $T_{max}$ parameters from the blood drug concentration-time profile of individual subjects and evaluate the parameters statistically for the bioequivalence by ${\pm}20%$ rule, the F-test, the Non-centrality test and 90% confidence intervals. All procedures are supported with graphic interface, interactive menu and outputs in Korean. In this paper, two experimental data sets were analyzed by the program and detailed process was demonstrated. The $K-BEtest^{\circledR}$ program appears to be very effective for analyzing bioequivalence data and can be widely used with convenience and accuracy.
Kim, Chulwon,Cho, Somi K,Kim, Ki-Dong,Nam, Dongwoo,Chung, Won-Seok,Jang, Hyeung-Jin,Lee, Seok-Geun,Shim, Bum Sang,Sethi, Gautam,Ahn, Kwang Seok Rapid Science Publishers ; Kluwer Academic Publish 2014 Apoptosis Vol.19 No.4
<P>We have recently reported that β-caryophyllene oxide (CPO) can induce apoptosis, suppress tumor growth, and inhibit metastasis through the suppression of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3, PI3K/AKT/mTOR/S6K1 signaling cascades and ROS-mediated MAPKs activation. In the present study, we found that CPO potentiated the apoptosis induced by tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) and chemotherapeutic agents, suppressed TNFα-induced tumor cell invasion, all of which are known to require NF-κB activation. We found that TNFα stimulated the expression of gene products involved in anti-apoptosis (IAP1, IAP2, Bcl-2, Bcl-xL, and survivin), proliferation (COX-2, cyclin D1, and c-Myc), invasion (MMP 9 and ICAM-1), and angiogenesis (VEGF) and that CPO treatment suppressed their expression. Because these gene products are also regulated by proinflammatory transcription factor NF-κB, we postulated that CPO may mediate its effects by modulating the NF-κB pathway. We found that CPO blocked both inducible and constitutive NF-κB activation in a wide variety of tumor cells. CPO was also found to inhibit the TNFα-induced degradation of IκBα through the inhibition of activation of IκBα kinase and p65 nuclear translocation and phosphorylation. Interestingly, CPO failed to potentiate the apoptotic effect induced by TNFα in p65 (-/-) cells as compared to the wild-type. Thus, overall, our results indicate that the inhibition of NF-κB is one of major mechanisms by which CPO enhances TNFα-induced apoptosis and suppresses invasion.</P>
YOO, KWANG H.,KIM, YOUNG S.,SHEEN, SEUNG S.,PARK, JOO H.,HWANG, YONG I.,KIM, SANG‐,HA,YOON, HO I.,LIM, SUNG C.,PARK, JAE Y.,PARK, SEOUNG J.,SEO, KI H.,KIM, KI U.,OH, YEON‐,MOK,LEE, NA Y.,K Blackwell Publishing Asia 2011 Respirology Vol.16 No.4
<P><B>ABSTRACT</B></P><P><B>Background and objective: </B> Because the mortality and social burden associated with COPD is increasing, repeated surveys of the prevalence of COPD have been used to assess risk factors, detect potential patients, and establish early diagnoses and management protocols. We report the prevalence of spirometrically detected COPD in Korea in 2008, using data from the fourth Korean National Health and Nutrition Survey.</P><P><B>Methods: </B> Using nationwide stratified random sampling, based on the Korean Statistical Office census, 6840 subjects aged ≥19 years underwent spirometry, which was performed by four trained technicians, during 2008. The place of residence, levels of education and income and smoking status, as well as other results from a COPD survey questionnaire were also assessed.</P><P><B>Results: </B> Airflow obstruction (FEV<SUB>1</SUB>/FVC < 0.7) was detected in 8.8% of subjects aged ≥19 years (11.6% of men and 5.9% of women) and COPD was detected in 13.4% of subjects aged ≥40 years (19.4% of men and 7.9% of women). Of the 6840 subjects, 27.3% were current smokers and 17.2% were former smokers, and the prevalence of COPD was higher in current and former smokers than in never smokers. Approximately 94% of patients with COPD had mild‐to‐moderate disease, without apparent symptoms; only 2.4% had been diagnosed by a physician and only 2.1% of patients had been treated. The independent risk factors for COPD were smoking, advanced age and male gender.</P><P><B>Conclusions: </B> Although the prevalence of COPD in Korea is high, the disease is underdiagnosed and most COPD patients are under‐treated.</P>
Microsatellite DNA as Potential Markers for Strain Identification of the Silkworm (Bombyx mori)
Kee Young Kim,Pil Don Kang,Kwang Gil Lee,Ki Hwan Kim,Hyung Keun Oh,Sang Won Park,Sang Jae Lee,Byung Rae Jin,Iksoo Kim 한국응용곤충학회 2010 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2010 No.05
The silkworm (Bombyx mori), as an industrial insect, possesses a high economic value. Casual discrimination and accumulated genetic information of silkworm varieties are essential ground for the practical utilization and long-term conservation. In this study, nine available microsatellite loci were successfully genotyped from ~50 silkworm strains preserved in Korea. According to genotyping analysis, we obtained 3 ~ 16 alleles per locus, with an average of 7.4, the observed heterozygosity ranging from 0.04 to 0.98, and the polymorphic information content (PIC) ranging from 0.06 to 0.88, revealing that some loci are highly variable. Among 54 strains 13 strains were casually identified by the presence of 17 strain-specific apomorphic alleles. Furthermore, 30 among remaining strains contained strain-specific allele combinations that are also apomorphic to each strain, allowing us to discriminate each of these from other strains by genotyping of multiple loci. These results collectively suggest that the silkworm microsatellite DNA is actually and potentially important molecular marker for the discrimination of the silkworm strains that are preserved as hundreds in Korea, as more loci are genotyped.
Kim, Jong-Hyeong,Mamuad, Lovelia L.,Lee, Hyun-June,Ki, Kwang-Seok,Lee, Wang-Shik,Ha, Jong-K.,Lee, Sang-Suk Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2011 Animal Bioscience Vol.24 No.12
The objective of this experiment was to evaluate the effect of dietary supplementation of glutathione (GSH) on health, solid feed consumption, nutrient intake, body weight gain (BWG), feed efficiency, blood metabolites and the occurrence of diarrhea in Holstein neonatal calves. The calves were fed plain milk as a control (CON) or milk with GSH supplementation. Sixteen calves were separated from their mothers immediately after birth, moved into individual cages and fed colostrum for the first three days. For GSH supplementation, three grams of GSH powder were mixed in 1.8 L of heat-treated milk and placed in a plastic bottle with a rubber nipple. The calves were fed GSH-supplemented milk only once out of four daily feedings. For the first 25 d, calves were fed 1.8 L of milk four times per day. Milk feeding frequency was reduced to three times per day from days 26 to 30, followed by twice a day from days 31 to 44, and once a day from days 45 to 49, after which they were weaned at day 50. Body weight gain (BWG), feed consumption, and growth performance were monitored until day 70. The dietary supplementation of GSH had no effect on daily feed intake and growth performance in growing calves. Hematological results revealed red blood cell distribution width (RDW) was lower, and mean corpuscular volume (MCV) was significantly higher in calves fed GSH. Serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) concentrations were lower in calves fed GSH. Rectal temperature at day 70 was higher in calves that did not receive GSH, while mean frequency of diarrhea and enteritis was less in calves fed GSH. It is concluded from the present study that BW gain, total dry matter intake (DMI), feed efficiency, and breathing rate did not differ between groups. However, there were some positive blood parameters and the mean frequency of diarrhea and enteritis was less in calves fed GSH compared to CON which did not receive GSH. With the results obtained, supplementation of GSH is highly recommended.
김기영(Kim, Ki-Young),곽문규(Kwak, Moon-K.),백광현(Baek, Kwang-Hyun) 한국소음진동공학회 2011 한국소음진동공학회 논문집 Vol.21 No.4
This paper is concerned with the active control experiments on elevator vibrations by means of the active roller guide. To this end, a roller guide was designed using a voice-coil actuator and linear guide. A simple proportional control algorithm combined with the band-pass filter was implemented using the DSP. Based on the initial experiments, a new control system which can handle lateral and front-back vibrations of elevator was built and tested using the elevator test tower. The experimental results show that the elevator vibrations are reduced by the active control technique.