Reliability of Marked Scales on Intravenous Fluid Plastic Bags

Ko Eunji,Kim Yun Hee,Song Yeon Jae,Choe Kwanyoung,Heo Junghyun,Moon Dae Eun,Lim Choon Hak 대한의학회 2022 Journal of Korean medical science Vol.37 No.49

Precise fluid administration is important to prevent hypo- or hypervolemia. However, the accuracy of scales marked on intravenous (IV) fluid plastic bags had remained unknown. Ten 1 L sized IV crystalloids were prepared from each of three manufacturers (H, J, and D). At each scale, the actual volume of the IV fluid was measured. Differences with the measured volumes for each scale were investigated between the three manufacturers. All initial total volume was greater than 1 L. Except for the full-filled level, H overfilled, whereas J and D filled less. For J and D, the maximal differences between the scale and the measured volume were about 200 mL. Fluid volumes of each scale were significantly different among the three manufacturers (P < 0.001). It is inaccurate to measure the amount of fluid depending on the IV bag scales. Clinicians must use electronic infusion pumps for accurate fluid administration.

The Effects of Intravenous Fluid Viscosity on the Accuracy of Intravenous Infusion Flow Regulators

Ko Eunji,Song Yeon Jae,Choe Kwanyoung,Park Yongdoo,Yang Sung,Lim Choon Hak 대한의학회 2022 Journal of Korean medical science Vol.37 No.9

Intravenous infusion flow regulators (IIFRs) are widely used devices but it is unknown how much the difference between the IIFR scale and the actual flow rate depends on the viscosity of the intravenous (IV) fluid. This study evaluated the effects of viscosity on the flow rate of five IV fluids (0.9% normal saline, Hartmann’s solution, plasma solution-A, 6% hetastarch, and 5% albumin) when using IIFRs. The viscosity of crystalloids was 1.07–1.12 mPa·s, and the viscosities of 6% hetastarch and 5% albumin were 2.59 times and 1.74 times that of normal saline, respectively. When the IIFR scales were preset to 20, 100, and 250 mL/hr, crystalloids were delivered at the preset flow rate within a difference of less than 10%, while 6% hetastarch was delivered at approximately 40% of the preset flow rates and 5% albumin was approximately 80% transmitted. When delivering colloids, IIFRs should be used with caution.

Development of a campus-based intervention program to strengthen food literacy among university students: A qualitative formative study

Eunji Ko,Eunjin Jang,Jiwon Sim,Minjeong Jeong,박소현 대한지역사회영양학회 2023 대한지역사회영양학회지 Vol.28 No.6

Objectives: This study aimed to develop a campus-based intervention program to enhance food literacy (FL) among university students. Methods: In the initial phase, we conducted a literature review of FL intervention studies and held in-depth interviews with university students to identify facilitators and barriers to improving and practicing FL. Expert counseling sessions were conducted with nutrition education, marketing, and service design professionals. The results of this phase led to the creation of an initial curriculum draft. In the second phase, a follow-up survey was conducted with young adults to assess the acceptability of the developed curriculum. After the follow-up survey, additional meetings were conducted with the aforementioned experts, and the curriculum was further refined based on their input. Results: An 11-week FL intervention program was devised using constructs from the Social Cognitive Theory. The weekly curriculum consisted of 90-min theory-based and 90- min hands-on experience sessions. Three primary aspects of FL were covered: nutrition and food safety, cultural and relational dimensions, and socio-ecological aspects. Program highlights included cooking sessions for crafting traditional Korean desserts, lectures on animal welfare, insights into zero-waste practices, and communal eating experiences. Based on the study team’s previous research, the program also addressed mindful eating, helping participants understand the relationship with their eating habits, and providing strategies to manage negative emotions without resorting to food. Yoga sessions and local farm visits were incorporated into the curriculum to promote holistic well-being. Conclusions: This study elucidated the comprehensive process of creating a campus-based curriculum to enhance FL among university students, a group particularly susceptible to problematic eating behaviors and low FL levels. The developed program can serve as a blueprint for adaptation to other campuses seeking to bolster students’ FL.

Risk factors in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

Eunji Ko,Eileen L. Yoon,Dae Won Jun 대한간학회 2023 Clinical and Molecular Hepatology(대한간학회지) Vol.29 No.-

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common liver disease, with a global prevalence estimated at approximately 25%. NAFLD is also the leading cause of liver cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma, and death. Additionally, the risk of cardiovascular disease increases with greater NAFLD severity. The liver- and cardiovascular disease-related mortality incident rate ratios among the NAFLD population were 0.77 and 4.79 per 1,000 person-years, respectively. We intend to discuss the risk factors associated with NAFLD in terms of development and progression. Obesity or higher body mass index is closely associated with NAFLD in a dose-dependent manner, but growing evidence suggests that central obesity plays a more important role in the development of NAFLD. Saturated fat and fructose have been reported to be closely related to NAFLD. Fructose intake promotes lipogenesis and impairs mitochondria fat oxidation. The presence of type 2 diabetes is the most powerful predictive risk factor for hepatic fibrosis in patients with NAFLD. Single nucleotide polymorphism is not only associated with the prevalence of NAFLD but also associated with increased liver disease mortality. Obstructive sleep apnea, intestinal dysbiosis, and sarcopenia are associated with the development of NAFLD.

영아 수학적 탐색활동 지원을 위한 구성주의 교사교육프로그램이 영아교사의 수학지도 관련 변인에 미치는 효과

고은지 ( Eunji Ko ),김지현 ( Jihyun Kim ) 대한가정학회 2020 Human Ecology Research(HER) Vol.58 No.1

This study helps infant teachers practice a constructivism-based teacher education program that supports infant mathematical inquiry activities and examines improvements in mathematical teaching knowledge, mathematical teaching initiatives, mathematical interaction, constructivism belief and mathematical teaching efficacy. Twenty two experiment group infant teachers and twenty two comparison group infant teachers were chosen at two workforce educare centers. The experiment group infant teachers participated in 18 sessions of a constructivism teacher training program for 8 weeks, but the comparison group infant teachers did not take part in the program. Pretest and post-tests were implemented for the mathematical teaching knowledge, mathematical teaching initiatives, mathematical interactions, constructivism belief and mathematical teaching efficacy in the experiment group. Independent sample t-test and ANCOVA were tested using Windows SPSS statistics 21.0. The homogeneity test for the experiment and comparison group revealed significant differences. ANCOVA was carried out after the pretest score was controlled as a co-variance. Significant differences were indicated in mathematical teaching knowledge, mathematical teaching initiative, mathematical interaction, constructivism belief and mathematical teaching efficacy. The results indicated that a constructivism-based teacher education program to support infant mathematical inquiry activities influenced improvements in mathematical teaching knowledge, mathematical teaching initiative, mathematical interaction, constructivism belief and mathematical teaching efficacy. This study proved the effects of the program based on constructivism theory content for the knowledge, skills and attitude about infant teaching of mathematical initiatives and practiced a program of exploration, investigation, application and assessment for infant teachers. The results can help infant teachers teach mathematical exploration activities and help activate infant mathematical exploration activities.

북방산개구리(Rnan dybowskii )유생의 포식자회피 행동에 대한 FNW와 FNW-Ag 복합체의 영향

김은지(Eunji Kim),고원배(Weon Bae Ko),한얼(Eul Han),고정원(Jeong Won Ko),정훈(Hoon Chung) 한국습지학회 2018 한국습지학회지 Vol.20 No.3

기존의 독성평가는 생물의 생존가능성에 영향을 줄 수 있는 이상행동반응에 대한 평가를 거의 하지 않았다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 행동학적 이해를 바탕으로 양서류 유생들의 생존가능성과 직결되는 포식자회피반응 행동을 이용하여 fullerene nanowhisker(FNW)와 nanowhisker-silver nanoparticle composites(FNW-Ag복합체)의 독성을 평가해 보았다. 우리는 나노물 질에 노출되지 않는 그룹과 5가지 농도에 따른 나노물질에 노출되는 그룹(FNW 10㎍/ml, 100㎍/ml, 500㎍/ml과 FNW-Ag복합체 10㎍/ml, 50㎍/ml)으로 나누어 실험하였다. 그 결과, FNW-Ag복합체 50㎍/ml농도에 노출된 유생들을 제외하고는 평소 활동량에는 차이가 없었지만, FNW 10㎍/ml농도에 노출된 유생들을 제외하고는 모두 포식자인식 반응에 따른 활동변화에서는 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 나타났다. 즉, 나노물질노출 유무는 평소 움직임에는 영향을 주지 않지만, 행동학적 이해를 바탕으로한 분석결과 포식자회피반응에 영향을 준다는 것을 알 수 있었다. 따라서 생물을 대상으로 하는 독성평가연구에 행동학적분석이 이루어져야 할 것으로 판단된다. Existing toxicity assessment researches were rarely studied on assessment of the abnormal behavior that affecting survival. Therefore, the study used anti-predator response of amphibians larvae, based on behavioral understanding, to assess toxicity in fullerene nanowhisker(FNW) and fullerene nanowhisker-silver nanoparticle composites(FNW-Ag). The experiment was conducted by dividing the groups not exposed to nanomaterials and exposed to nanomaterials at five concentrations(FNW: 10㎍/ml, FNW: 100㎍/ml, FNW: 500㎍/ml FNW-Ag: 10㎍/ml, FNW: 50㎍/ml). As a result, there were no differences in normal activity except those exposed to concentrations of FNW-Ag 50 ㎍/ml, but there were statistically significant differences in anti-predator response except those exposed to concentrations of FNW 10 ㎍/ml. That is, exposed of nanomaterials does not affect ordinary movements, but analyses based on behavioral understandings have shown that it has an influence on the anti-predator response. It is therefore considered necessary to have animal behavioral analysis method performed in the assessment of eco-toxic experiment.

e 스포츠 웹 시청 연구를 위한 시선 분석도구 설계 및 개발

고은지(Ko, Eunji),최선영(Choi, SunYoung) 한국게임학회 2015 한국게임학회 논문지 Vol.15 No.4

본 연구는 웹에서의 e 스포츠 시청 행위 측정도구 개발과 시선추적 장치를 이용한 멀티태스킹 시청 분석 도구 및 방법을 설계하여 제안하였다. 이를 위해 하나의 스크린 안에서도 멀티태스킹이 빈번하게 일어나는 시청 행위를 시각적으로 기록하고 측정할 수 있는 개별 창 관심영역(WOI)을 설계하였고, 실시간으로 연구자가 연구참여자의 시청행위 패턴을 관찰할 수 있도록 실시간 스트리밍 및 녹화 소프트웨어인 OBS(Opensource Broadcaster Software) 플러그인(Plug-In)을 직접 개발하였다. 본 논문에서 제시한 방법론은 다음과 같은 의의가 있다. 첫째, 정지화면과 같이 제한된 웹 인터페이스 측정이 아닌 동영상과 같은 다이내믹 신을 기록할 수 있다. 둘째, 스크린에 여러 개의 창이 동시에 열려져 있어도 연구참여자가 어떠한 창을 주목하는지 정확하게 좌표를 기록할 수 있을 뿐 아니라 시각화된 정보로 확인할 수 있다. 셋째, 매우 자연스러운 일상적 상황에서 실험을 수행할 수 있어서 인위적인 실험실적 환경이나 실험 처치물이 아닌 이용자의 실제 콘텐츠 이용 패턴과 행태를 추적하는데 용이해 실험 자료의 객관적 타당도를 높일 수 있다. This study suggests a design for an analytical software program and method for multitasking e-sports viewing through the web using an eye tracking device. To fulfill this task, we designed a Window of Interest (WOI) to measure and record visually on a screen wherever numerous multitasking activities occur. In addition, we developed an OBS (Opensource Broadcaster Software) plug-in that records and streams participant viewing behavior patterns in real time. The purpose of this study is as follows. First, unlike existing tools that limit web interface recording to still images, the developed tool can record dynamically via media such as videos. Second, when several windows are processed on a screen, the tool can accurately record the gaze positions of the participants. Lastly, the tool can enhance the objective validity of the data as it can be implemented in natural situations. Therefore, this study can trace natural viewing patterns and behavior as we do not create artificial experimental environments and stimuli.

ZnO/SnO2 Core-Shell 나노로드 구조 기반의 UV센서

고은지(Eunji Ko),강혜주(Hyejoo Kang),이윤정(Yunjung Lee),김시혁(Sihyeok Kim),이기근(KeeKeun Lee) 대한전기학회 2022 대한전기학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2022 No.7

예비교사의 플립드러닝 활용의도 예측요인 규명

고은지(Ko, Eunji),이정민(Lee, Jeongmin) 학습자중심교과교육학회 2018 학습자중심교과교육연구 Vol.18 No.16

본 연구는 플립드러닝의 활용의도를 예측하는 혁신의 속성을 분석하고 지각된 유용성의 매개효과를 규명하기 위해 수행되었다. 이를 위해 A대학교 사범대학에서 플립드러닝으로 진행된 과목을 수강한 예비교사 50명이 참여하였으며, 그 중 45부의 데이터가 분석에 사용되었다. 분석방법으로 다중회귀분석이 채택되었으며, 매개효과크기의 유의성을 확인하기 위해 부트스트래핑(Bootstrapping) 방법을 사용하였다. 분석 결과, 지각된 유용성은 상대적 이점 및 시험가능성이, 플립드러닝 활용의도는 지각된 유용성 및 시험가능성이 유의하게 예측하는 것으로 나타났다. 또한, 지각된 유용성은 상대적 이점, 적합성, 시험가능성과 플립드러닝 활용의도의 관계에서 매개역할을 하는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구는 예비교사의 플립드러닝 활용의도를 예측하는 요인을 규명함으로써 플립드러닝의 수용과 확산을 위해 대학 및 제도적 차원의 요구를 도출 했다는 점에서 연구의 의의가 있으며, 플립드러닝 확산을 위한 설계 및 실행전략을 수립하는데 도움이 될 것으로 기대한다. The purpose of this study is to analyze the perceived attributes of innovation that affecting usage intention of flipped learning. In addition, we investigated the mediating effects of perceived usefulness in the relationships. For this study, 50 pre-service teachers participated in a flipped learning course of A University, and 45 of them were used for the analysis. Multiple regression analysis and bootstrapping method were used as data analyses. Main results were as follows: First, the relative advantage and trialability significantly predicted perceived usefulness, and perceived usefulness and trialability significantly predicted the usage intention of flipped learning. Second, perceived usefulness mediated relationships between relative advantage, compatibility, trialability, and usage intention of flipped learning. These findings implies increasing demands of university level to diffuse flipped learning in secondary school classrooms.

스마트폰 중독이 불면증에 미치는 영향

고은지(Eunji Ko),최혜라(Hyera Choi),한수미(Sumi Han),김환(Hwan Kim) 한국산학기술학회 2023 한국산학기술학회논문지 Vol.24 No.3

최근 스마트폰 중독이 불면증에 영향을 미칠 수 있다는 주장이 제기되고 있다. 스마트폰 중독은 과잉 각성 상태를 초래하고 이것이 수면에 영향을 미친다는 것이다. 본 연구에서는 스마트폰 중독의 하위 요인으로 일상생활 장애, 가상세계지향, 금단, 내성 등을 구분하고, 불면증에 있어서는 수면 시간, 수면 효율 및 불면증 심각도를 측정치로 하여, 스마트폰 중독의 각 하위 요인들이 불면 관련 측정치에 어떤 영향을 미치는지 구체적으로 탐색해보고자 하였다. 서울 소재 S 사이버대학교 학생 499명의 자료를 활용하여 분석한 바에 따르면, 먼저 상관분석에서는 일상생활 장애, 가상세계지향, 금단, 내성의 네 하위 요인들이 불면증 심각도와 정적 상관을 보였으나, 수면 효율과의 상관은 유의미하지 않았다. 회귀분석을 통해 각 하위 요인들의 영향력을 살펴본 결과, 다른 변인들의 영향력은 유의미하지 않았고 내성 요인의 영향력만 통계적으로 유의미한 것으로 나타났다. 끝으로, 스마트폰 중독의 네 하위 요인 중 내성 요인이 불면에 영향을 주는 결과에 대해 논의해 보았고, 연구의 한계점에 대해서도 함께 논하였다. Recent studies have proposed that smartphone addiction causes insomnia. Smartphone addiction may also lead to hyper-arousal conditions, which affect sleep. In this study, we classified daily life dysfunction, virtual life orientation, withdrawal, and tolerance as sub-factors of smartphone addiction, and examined their explanatory power on insomnia. The measures for insomnia included sleep time, sleep efficiency, and insomnia severity. Data was procured from 499 students at S Cyber University in Seoul. The correlation analysis revealed that the four sub-factors comprising daily life dysfunction, virtual life orientation, withdrawal, and tolerance were positively correlated with the severity of insomnia. However, their correlations with sleep time and efficiency were not significant. Examining the influence of each sub-factor through regression analysis revealed that except for the sub-factor tolerance, no variables were significant. Finally, we discuss the meaning and significance of tolerance, the only sub-factor that affects insomnia, and the limitations of this study.