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Sung Cheol Park,Tae Chang Hong,Jae Hyuk Yang,Chang Dong-Gune,Seung Woo Suh,Yunjin Nam,Min-Seok Kang,Tae-Gon Jung,Kwang-Min Park,Kwan-Su Kang 대한정형외과학회 2023 Clinics in Orthopedic Surgery Vol.15 No.3
Background: Spinopelvic fixation (SPF) has been a challenge for surgeons despite the advancements in instruments and surgical techniques. C-arm fluoroscopy-guided SPF is a widely used safe technique that utilizes the tear drop view. The tear drop view is an image of the corridor from the posterior superior iliac spine to the anterior inferior iliac spine (AIIS) of the pelvis. This study aimed to define the safe optimal tear drop view using three-dimensional reconstruction of computed tomography images. Methods: Three-dimensional reconstructions of the pelvises of 20 individuals were carried out. By rotating the reconstructed model, we simulated SPF with a cylinder representing imaginary screw. The safe optimal tear drop view was defined as the one embracing a corridor with the largest diameter with the inferior tear drop line not below the acetabular line and the lateral tear drop line medial to the AIIS. The distance between the lateral border of the tear drop and AIIS was defined as tear drop index (TDI) to estimate the degree of rotation on the plane image. Tear drop ratio (TDR), the ratio of the distance between the tear drop center and the AIIS to TDI, was also devised for more intuitive application of our simulation in a real operation. Results: All the maximum diameters and lengths were greater than 9 mm and 80 mm, respectively, which are the values of generally used screws for SPF at a TDI of 5 mm and 10 mm in both sexes. The TDRs were 3.40 ± 0.41 and 3.35 ± 0.26 in men and women, respectively, at a TDI of 5 mm. The TDRs were 2.26 ± 0.17 and 2.14 ± 0.12 in men and women, respectively, at a TDI of 10 mm. Conclusions: The safe optimal tear drop view can be obtained with a TDR of 2.5 to 3 by rounding off the measured values for intuitive application in the actual surgical field.
Temporal Transcriptome Analysis of SARS-CoV-2-Infected Lung and Spleen in Human ACE2-Transgenic Mice
Jung Ah Kim,Sung-Hee Kim,Jung Seon Seo,노현아,Haengdueng Jeong,Jiseon Kim,Donghun Jeon,Jeong Jin Kim,Dain On,윤서연,Sang Gyu Lee,이윤우,Hui Jeong Jang,박인호,Jooyeon Oh,Sang-Hyuk Seok,Yu Jin Lee,홍승민,안세희,Joon-Yong 한국분자세포생물학회 2022 Molecules and cells Vol.45 No.12
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a highly transmissible and potentially fatal virus. So far, most comprehensive analyses encompassing clinical and transcriptional manifestation have concentrated on the lungs. Here, we confirmed evident signs of viral infection in the lungs and spleen of SARS-CoV-2-infected K18-hACE2 mice, which replicate the phenotype and infection symptoms in hospitalized humans. Seven days post viral detection in organs, infected mice showed decreased vital signs, leading to death. Bronchopneumonia due to infiltration of leukocytes in the lungs and reduction in the spleen lymphocyte region were observed. Transcriptome profiling implicated the meticulous regulation of distress and recovery from cytokine-mediated immunity by distinct immune cell types in a time-dependent manner. In lungs, the chemokine-driven response to viral invasion was highly elevated at 2 days post infection (dpi). In late infection, diseased lungs, post the innate immune process, showed recovery signs. The spleen established an even more immediate line of defense than the lungs, and the cytokine expression profile dropped at 7 dpi. At 5 dpi, spleen samples diverged into two distinct groups with different transcriptome profile and pathophysiology. Inhibition of consecutive host cell viral entry and massive immunoglobulin production and proteolysis inhibition seemed that one group endeavored to survive, while the other group struggled with developmental regeneration against consistent viral intrusion through the replication cycle. Our results may contribute to improved understanding of the longitudinal response to viral infection and development of potential therapeutics for hospitalized patients affected by SARS-CoV-2.
Effect of dipsaci radix on hind limb muscle atrophy of sciatic nerve transected rats.
Jung, Hyuk-Sang,Noh, Chung-Ku,Ma, Sun-Ho,Hong, Eun Ki,Sohn, Nak-Won,Kim, Yoon-Bum,Kim, Sung-Hoon,Sohn, Youngjoo Institute for Advanced Research in Asian Science a 2009 The American journal of Chinese medicine Vol.37 No.6
<P>It was reported that Dipsaci radix (DR) has a reinforcement effect on the bone-muscle dysfunction in the oriental medical classics and the experimental animal studies. The muscle atrophy was induced by unilateral transection of the sciatic nerve of the rats. Water-extract of DR was used as treatment once a day for 12 days. The muscle weights of the hind limb, atrophic changes, glycogen contents, compositions and cross-section areas of muscle fiber types in soleus and medial gastrocnemius were investigated. Muscle fiber type was classified to type-I and type-II with MHCf immunohistochemistry. Furthermore, Bax and Bcl-2 expressions were observed with immunohistochemiatry. DR treatment significantly increased muscle weights of soleus, medial gastrocnemius, lateral gastrocnemius, and posterior tibialis of the damaged hind limb. DR treatment reduced apoptotic muscle nuclei and hyaline-degenerated muscle fibers in soleus and medial gastrocnemius of the damaged hind limb. DR treatment also significantly increased glycogen contents in medial gastrocnemius of the damaged hind limb. DR treatment significantly attenuated the slow-to-fast shift in soleus of the damaged hind limb but not in medial gastrocnemius. DR treatment significantly increased cross-section areas of type-I and type-II fibers in soleus and medial gastrocnemius of the damaged hind limb. In soleus and medial gastrocnemius, DR treatment significantly reduced Bax positive muscle nuclei in the damaged hind limb. These results suggest that DR treatment has an anti-atrophic effect and an anti-apoptotic effect against myonuclear apoptosis induced by the peripheral nerve damage.</P>
Jung-Joon Cha,Jong-Youn Kim,Hyoeun Kim,Young-Guk Ko,Donghoon Choi,이재환,Chang-Hwan Yoon,In-Ho Chae,Cheol Woong Yu,Seung Whan Lee,Sang-Rok Lee,Seung Hyuk Choi,Yoon Seok Koh,Pil-Ki Min 대한심장학회 2022 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.52 No.6
Background and Objectives: Endovascular therapy (EVT) first strategy has been widely adopted for the treatment of chronic limb threatening ischemia (CLTI) patients in real-world practice. This study aimed to investigate long-term outcomes of CLTI patients who underwent EVT and identify prognostic factors. Methods: From the retrospective cohorts of a Korean multicenter endovascular therapy registry, 1,036 patients with CLTI (792 men, 68.8 ± 9.5 years) were included. The primary endpoint was amputation-free survival (AFS) defined as the absence of major amputation or death. Secondary endpoints were major adverse limb events (MALE; a composite of major amputation, minor amputation, and reintervention). Results: Five-year AFS and freedom from MALE were 69.8% and 61%, respectively. After multivariate analysis, age (hazard ratio [HR], 1.476; p<0.001), end-stage renal disease (ESRD; HR, 2.340; p<0.001), Rutherford category (RC) 6 (HR, 1.456; p=0.036), and suboptimal EVT (HR, 1.798; p=0.005) were identified as predictors of major amputation or death, whereas smoking (HR, 0.594; p=0.007) was protective. Low body mass index (HR, 1.505; p=0.046), ESRD (HR, 1.648; p=0.001), femoropopliteal lesion (HR, 1.877; p=0.004), RC-6 (HR, 1.471; p=0.008), and suboptimal EVT (HR, 1.847; p=0.001) were predictors of MALE. The highest hazard rates were observed during the first 6 months for both major amputation or death and MALE. After that, the hazard rate decreased and rose again after 3–4 years. Conclusions: In CLTI patients, long-term outcomes of EVT were acceptable. ESRD, RC-6, and suboptimal EVT were common predictors for poor clinical outcomes.
Jung, Yi-Jung,Park, Byoung-Seok,Kwon, Hyuk-Min,Kwon, Sung-Kyu,Jang, Jae-Hyung,Kwak, Ho-Young,Chung, Yi-Sun,Lee, Jung-Hwan,Lee, Hi-Deok IEEE 2012 IEEE transactions on semiconductor manufacturing Vol.25 No.4
<P>In this paper, a novel bipolar junction transistor (BJT) structure is proposed for high matching characteristics and its performance is compared with a conventional BJT structure. Although the proposed BJT matching structure indicates a decrease of collector current density <TEX>$J_{C}$</TEX> and current gain <TEX>$\beta$</TEX> of about 5.36% and 1.02% compared with those of the conventional BJT structure, the matching characteristics of the collector current <TEX>$(A_{\rm IC})$</TEX> and the current gain <TEX>$(A_{\beta})$</TEX> for the proposed structure are improved by about 31% and 24%. The improved matching characteristic of the proposed structure is believed to be due to the reduced effect of the deep n-well or the reduced current path from emitter to collector.</P>