H₂O₂로 산화적 스트레스가 유도된 각질 형성 세포에서 흑삼 추출물의 항노화 효과

안소희(So Hee Ahn),이계원(Gye Won Lee),권득상(Deuk Sang Kwon),신현중(Hyun Joong Shin),조영호(Young Ho Cho) 한국식품영양과학회 2021 한국식품영양과학회지 Vol.50 No.10

본 연구에서는 95°C에서 6번 증숙하여 제조한 흑삼 추출물의 항산화 활성과 피부세포에서 산화적 스트레스로부터 보호 효과를 확인하고, 항산화 효소 발현, 주름개선 및 보습관련 단백질 발현에 미치는 영향을 측정하였다. 흑삼 추출물(BGE-A6)의 항산화 활성을 평가하기 위하여 DPPH, ABTS, superoxide anion 라디칼 소거 활성 및 환원력을 측정하였다. 그 결과 증숙 후 흑삼 추출물이 증숙 전에 비하여 DPPH 라디칼 소거 활성은 4배, ABTS 라디칼 소거 활성은 5배 정도 항산화 활성이 증가하는 것으로 나타났다. 피부 각질 형성 세포에서 산화적 스트레스로부터 BGE-A6의 세포보호 효과를 측정하기 위하여 BGE-A6를 1시간 전처리하고 0.5 mM H₂O₂를 6시간 동안 처리하여 분석한 결과, H₂O₂ 처리로 증가된 ROS 생성이 BGE-A6를 100 μg/mL 농도로 처리한 경우 약 40% 정도 감소되는 것으로 나타났다. 또한, BGE-A6의 ROS 소거 효과를 규명하기 위하여 세포 내 존재하는 항산화 효소의 발현량을 western blot으로 평가한 결과 H₂O₂에 의해 유도된 산화 스트레스로부터 감소된 항산화 효소(HO-1, CAT, SOD)의 발현을 농도 의존적으로 회복시켰다. 또한, BGE-A6의 주름 개선 효과를 확인하기 위하여 콜라겐 발현 및 MMP-1 발현 억제 정도를 ELISA와 western blot으로 측정한 결과 0.5 mM H₂O₂를 처리하였을 때 감소된 콜라겐 생성량이 BGE-A6를 100 μg/mL 농도로 처리할 경우 H₂O₂ 처리에 의해 감소된 콜라겐 생성량을 약 20% 정도 회복시키는 것으로 확인되었다(P<0.05). 0.5 mM H₂O₂를 처리하였을 때 증가된 MMP-1의 생성이 BGE-A6 처리 시 농도 의존적으로 억제되는 것으로 나타났다. BGE-A6의 피부보습 관련 단백질 발현에 미치는 영향을 western blot으로 측정한 결과 HAS2와 AQP3 발현량 및 EGFR의 인산화를 처리 시 농도 의존적으로 증가시키는 것으로 나타났다. 결론적으로 피부세포에 H₂O₂를 처리하여 산화적 스트레스를 유도하였을 때 BGE-A6는 항산화 효소의 발현을 통해 세포보호 효과를 나타내고, AQP3, HAS2 및 콜라겐 단백질의 발현은 증가시키고 MMP-1의 발현을 감소시켜 피부보습 및 피부장벽 기능을 유지하는 것으로 사료된다. 또한, AQP3의 증가는 피부조직 및 피부세포막에 발현되는 EGF 수용체의 인산화를 증가시킴으로써 피부 건조에 대한 보호 효과도 있는 것으로 판단된다. 따라서 흑삼 추출물은 항산화 효과, 피부보습 및 장벽기능 유지를 통한 항노화 화장품 소재로 활용이 가능할 것으로 기대된다. In this study, black ginseng extract steamed six times at 95°C (BGE-A6) was evaluated for its antioxidant, anti-wrinkle, and skin moisturizing effects in human keratinocytes. When steamed six times at 95°C, the content of total ginsenosides including minor ginsenosides (Rg3, Rh4, Rk1, and Rg5) was the highest at 14.97 mg/g. The antioxidant properties of BGE-A6 were measured by using different in vitro antioxidant assays such as 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid, ABTS), and superoxide anion radical scavenging activity. The antioxidant activity of BGE-A6 was increased in a dose-dependent manner. A 2′,7′-dichlorofluorescin diacetate (DCFDA) assay and a western blot assay were performed to verify the reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging activity of BGE-A6 in H₂O₂-induced human keratinocytes. Pretreatment with 100 μg/mL of BGE-A6 inhibited intracellular ROS production by about 40%. Also, the expression of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), catalase (CAT), and superoxide dismutase-1 (SOD-1), very well-known as antioxidant enzymes, was increased by BGE-A6 in a dose-dependent manner. BGE-A6 was shown to significantly inhibit the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-1 and increase the production of type I collagen, thus confirming its anti-wrinkle activity (P<0.05). Furthermore, BGE-A6 significantly increased the phosphorylation of the epidermal growth factor receptors (EGFR) and the expression of moisturizing proteins, such as hyaluronic acid synthase 2 (HAS2) and aquaporin 3 (AQP3), indicating that it is effective in enhancing skin hydration. The results of this study suggest that BGE-A6 has potential for use as an effective compound in anti-aging cosmetics to address wrinkle formation and skin hydration.

고려시대 인명 일고찰

최중호 동의대학교 2005 인간과 문화 연구 Vol.- No.10

한국인 두피의 조직학적 층에 관한 형태계측학적 연구

서중석,김대중,김호덕,라봉진 대한해부학회 1995 Anatomy & Cell Biology Vol.28 No.4

소매유통업의 CRM 도입성과에 관한 연구 : CRM Scorecard를 이용한 CRM 성과측정에 관하여

권중호 남서울대학교 2018 남서울대학교 논문집 Vol.24 No.-

Helicobacter pylori 와 대장의 신생물과의 연관성

안중욱,류재현,김광호,박응범 대한대장항문학회 2001 Annals of Coloproctolgy Vol.17 No.3

나사산이 있는 관이음의 효과적인 해석모델의 개발

임중연,이호용,고광일 東國大學校 1996 東國論叢 Vol.35 No.-

This paper is concerned with and efficient model for the structural analysis of threaded connections which is used to assemble the tubular connections such as pipes. Advanced mechanics has been used to develop the model which yields acceptably accurate solutions for stresses when compared to other methods such as experimental or finite element analysis procedures. Beam-on-elastic-foundation equations are used to compute stresses due to assembly of the connection while bolt-nut equation and Lame' equation are used for axial loads and pressures. Numerical results show that our model is computationally efficient and valid in terms of stress distribution for make-up. The current model can provide the quick and inexpensive analysis tools to the production engineer with reasonable accuracy.

고성능 표면탄성파 필터의 최적 설계에 관한 연구

신양호,김귀현,이진복,엄현석,이중근,박진석 漢陽大學校 工學技術硏究所 1999 工學技術論文集 Vol.8 No.1

본 논문에서는 고성능 표면탄성파 필터의 최적 설계를 위하여 다양한 IDT(interdigital transducer) 구조의 필터를 제작하고 각각의 주파수 응답특성을 비교 분석하였다. 기본 구조외에 MSC(micro strip-coupler), double split, reflector, ground line 등의 구조를 일반적으로 널리 사용되고 있는 Y-Z cut l-N(LiNbO3) 기판 위에 형성시켰다. 제작된 소자의 중심주파수, 통과 대역, 삽입손실등을 측정하였으며, 주파수 응답에 기초한 기존 모델의 효용성을 논의하였다. Effects of IDT structures on frequency responses of SAW filters are investigated to achieve a high performance SAW filter, Various types of IDTS, such as MSC(multistrip-coupler), double split, reflector, and ground line, are designed and patterned on a widely used Y-Z cut LN(LiNbO3) substrate. Center frequencies, band widths, and insertion losses are measured and compared. Invalidity of the conventional model based on the impulse response model is also discussed.

유방의 양성 및 악성질환에서 bcl-2의 표출

황호현,김대중,김의한,양승하 순천향의학연구소 1998 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.4 No.2

Breast carcinoma is common malignant tumor in korea and many oncogens have been found in tumor cells. bcl-2 prevent apoptosis and located in mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, and nuclear membrane. To evaluate the expression of bcl-2 according to histopathologic features and the relation between bcl-2 and prognosis in breast carcinoma, we have performed immunohistochemical staining, using mouse anti-bcl-2, for 27 cases of benign disease and 49 cases of breast carcinoma. The results were as follows; 1) The expression rates were 77.9% in benign disease and 55.1% in breast carcinoma. 2) In benign disease, expression rate of fibroadenoma, atypical ductal hyperplasia, and intraductal papilloma were 85.7%, respectively, and adenosis 50%, tubular adenoma 0%, and lactating adenosis 100%. But there were no significant difference. 3) In breast carcinoma, expression rate of ductal carcinoma in situ was 100%(3/3) and infiltrating carcinoma 52.2%(24/46), but there were no significant difference. 4) Expression rate of bcl-2 according to histologic grade on breast carcinoma was 68.8% of grade Ⅰ, 54.2% of grade Ⅱ, and 33.3% of grade without significant difference. Expression rate of lymph node metastatic cases was 43.8% and non-metastatic cases 66.8% without significant differnece. Above results showed that bcl-2 expression in breast carcinoma may be related to good prognosis of patients. But further continued study should be followed with more cases.

까치복의 呈味成分

李應昊,鄭秀烈,趙舜榮,錢重均,車庸準 釜山水産大學校 1983 釜山水産大學 硏究報告 Vol.23 No.1

까치복의 呈味成分에 관한 資料를 얻고자 核酸關聯物質, 유리아미노산, TMAO, TMA, betaine 및 총 creatinine을 分析하였다. 核酸關聯物質 중 IMP가 1.9μmole/g으로서 가장 많았고, 全核酸關聯物質에 대해 39.6%를 차지하였다. 유리아미노산 중 함량이 많은 것은 taurine, lysine, alanine 및 glycine 이고, 이들 네 가지 아미노산이 전유리아미노산의 68.2%를 차지하였다. 총 creatinine�량은 194.5mg/100g으로서 엑스分窒素에 대해 63.4%를 차지하였으며, TMAO 및 betaine 함량은 微量이었다. Omission test 結果 까치복의 呈味成分은 5'-mononucleotides 및 유리아미노산이 주된 구실을 한다는 것을 알았다. Yellowfin puffer, Fugu xanthopterus(Temminck et Schlegel), is one of the most palatable fishes in Korea. However, relatively little is known about the characteristics of its taste. In this study, the taste compounds including nucleotides and their related compounds, free amino acids, trimethylamine oxide, trimethylamine, betaine and total creatinine were analyzed, and their roles in tasting activity were investigated. The amounts of IMP was 1.9 μmole/g, and the ratio of IMP to the total nucleotides and their related compounds was 39.6%. The great portion of free amino acids in the extractives of yellowfin puffer muscle was occupied by taurine, lysine, alanine and glycine in order, and their content was 79.1% of the total free amino acids. Among the organic bases, total creatinine was abundant, and its nitrogen content was 63.4% of total extractive nitrogen. According to the results of the omission test, the main constituents of the characteristic taste of yellowfin puffer could be assumed as free amino acids and 5'-mononucleotides.

政治發展理論의 發展

이중호 全北大學校 敎育大學院 1988 敎育論叢 Vol.8 No.-

This is a historiographical analysis to explain the bifurcated nature of the study of political development. Since World War Ⅱ the study of politcal development tended to polarise around two schools of though which can loosely be referred to at this stage as the orthodox school and radical school. It is also an attempt, not to suggest a possible synthesis of the two schools, but to suggest areas of common ground on which both can seek for the benefit of each other. Therefore attention will focus not only on the differences between competing research programmes and the differences within them, it will also highlight the similarities that overlap the two schools of thought which to date dominated development studies. Looking at the political science of political development as a case study of modernization theory, there was a shift to what we might call a policy approach by the end of the 1970s. The shift was the outcome of both continuity and change. The radical genre of literature has also undergone the similar intellectual process of sophistication and refinement from the early days of dependency theory. So what can we learn from this historiographical analysis? The central tenets of the two schools still remain. While we might all be political economists nowadays, all are not the same. But the current concerns of both have some concensus as to the important issues despite of different terminology. In conclusion, we need to make a conscious attempt to situate in as comon a theoretical framework as possible, cultural, political, social and economic aspects of the production process in specific historical studies. Such a conclusion is very cautious and yet so broad as to seem banal. If it is disappointing, it is a reflection of the theoretical state of the art.