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마이크로프로쎄서를 利用한 直流分捲發電機의 無負荷特性 測程에 關한 硏究
李興浩,盧泰天 충남대학교 공업교육연구소 1981 論文集 Vol.4 No.2
This paper provides experimental results, obtained by using a microprocessor kit, from the no-load characteristics of the dc shunt generator. Although there are some errors in the experimental resuls because of limitations of A/D converter, it is considered that this study will be useful for the characteristic measurements of electric machines.
Kim, Jeong-Ah,Kim, Won-keun,No, Jin Sun,Lee, Seung-Ho,Lee, Sook-Young,Kim, Ji Hye,Kho, Jeong Hoon,Lee, Daesang,Song, Dong Hyun,Gu, Se Hun,Jeong, Seong Tae,Park, Man-Seong,Kim, Heung-Chul,Klein, Terry Public Library of Science 2016 PLoS neglected tropical diseases Vol.10 No.6
<▼1><P><B>Background</B></P><P>Hantaan virus (HTNV), a negative sense tripartite RNA virus of the Family <I>Bunyaviridae</I>, is the most prevalent hantavirus in the Republic of Korea (ROK). It is the causative agent of Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome (HFRS) in humans and maintained in the striped field mouse, <I>Apodemus agrarius</I>, the primary zoonotic host. Clinical HFRS cases have been reported commonly in HFRS-endemic areas of Gyeonggi province. Recently, the death of a member of the ROK military from Gangwon province due to HFRS prompted an investigation of the epidemiology and distribution of hantaviruses in Gangwon and Gyeonggi provinces that border the demilitarized zone separating North and South Korea.</P><P><B>Methodology and Principal Findings</B></P><P>To elucidate the geographic distribution and molecular diversity of HTNV, whole genome sequences of HTNV Large (L), Medium (M), and Small (S) segments were acquired from lung tissues of <I>A</I>. <I>agrarius</I> captured from 2003–2014. Consistent with the clinical incidence of HFRS established by the Korea Centers for Disease Control & Prevention (KCDC), the prevalence of HTNV in naturally infected mice in Gangwon province was lower than for Gyeonggi province. Whole genomic sequences of 34 HTNV strains were identified and a phylogenetic analysis showed geographic diversity of the virus in the limited areas. Reassortment analysis first suggested an occurrence of genetic exchange of HTNV genomes in nature, ROK.</P><P><B>Conclusion/Significance</B></P><P>This study is the first report to demonstrate the molecular prevalence of HTNV in Gangwon province. Whole genome sequencing of HTNV showed well-supported geographic lineages and the molecular diversity in the northern region of ROK due to a natural reassortment of HTNV genomes. These observations contribute to a better understanding of the genetic diversity and molecular evolution of hantaviruses. Also, the full-length of HTNV tripartite genomes will provide a database for phylogeographic analysis of spatial and temporal outbreaks of hantavirus infection.</P></▼1><▼2><P><B>Author Summary</B></P><P>Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome (HFRS) and Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome (HPS) are endemic zoonotic infectious diseases caused by hantaviruses that belong to the Family <I>Bunyaviridae</I> containing negative-sense tripartite RNA genomes. Hantaviruses pose a critical emerging public health threat, with up to 200,000 clinical cases reported annually worldwide with 1–36% case fatality rates. In humans, hantavirus-borne diseases are contracted by the inhalation of viruses aerosolized from rodent excreta. However, there is no effective therapeutic or vaccine to prevent from the disease. Whole genome sequences of Hantaan virus (HTNV) were acquired from lung tissues of <I>Apodemus agrarius</I> captured in HFRS-endemic areas of the Republic of Korea (ROK). Phylogenetic analyses demonstrated that sequences of the HTNV tripartite genomes clustered geographically, showing broad diversity of HTNV throughout the areas surveyed. Reassortment analysis first suggested a natural occurrence of the HTNV genetic exchange in the ROK. These observations contribute to a better understanding of the genetic diversity and molecular evolution of hantaviruses in HFRS-endemic regions. The complete sequences of HTNV genomes will provide a database for the phylogeographic analysis and surveillance of endemic hantavirus-borne diseases.</P></▼2>
호흡기 검체의 결핵 진단에서 In-house Polymerase Chain Reaction과 Amplicor MTB의 비교
이창규,김창현,마경란,김영기,이갑노,정희진,우흥정,김우주,김민자,박승철 대한화학요법학회 1998 대한화학요법학회지 Vol.16 No.2
목적 : PCR방법은 검사실에 따라, 검체에 따라 다양한 예민도와 특이도를 갖는 것으로 알려져 있다. 저자들은 기존에 사용해 왔던 In-house PCR과 최근에 상품화되어 이용되고 있는 Amplicor?? MTB를 호흡기 유래 검체에 대하여 전통적인 진단 방법과 비교하여 보고자 하였다. 방밥 : 구로 병원에 내원한 환자의 호흡기 유래 검체 170개에 대하여 4% NaCH로 전체치를 하였고, 항산균 염색 및 오가와 배지 접종을 하였다. ln-house PCR은 IS986 유전자를 대상으로 nested PCR을 하였고, Amplicor?? MTB는 16SrRNA 유전자를 single PCR로 증폭하였고, microwell 에서 M. tuberculosis에 특이한 probe에 교잡반응 후 흡광도를 재어 판독하였다. 결과 : 29개의 겸체가 배양 양성을 보였으며, Amplicor?? MTB, In-house PCR에 양성을 보인 것은 21검체였다. PCR 결과와 임상적 상황을 고려하여, 34개의 결핵 양성 검체와 136개의 겨핵 음성 검체를 구분할 수 있었다. 검사의 예민도는 Amplicor?? MTB, Culture가 100%였다. In-house PCR에서는 136 예중 5 예(3.6%)에서 오염이 있었다. 또한 34개의 결핵 양성 검체에 대해 AFB 염색법은 음성이었으나 Amplicor?? MTB가 양성이어서 조기 진단이 가능하였던 경우가 12 예(35.3%)가 있었다. 결론 : 전통적인 결핵 진단 방법과 비교하여 Amplicor?? MTB는 예민도, 특이도가 우수함을 알 수 있었고, 특히 AFB 염색이 음성일 경우 초기 결핵 진단에 유용하게 쓰일 수 있다고 생각된다. 그리고 In-house PCR은 오염을 줄이고, 예민도를 높이기 위한 노력에 더 필요함을 알 수 있었다. Background : Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) is increasingly used as a tool for the rapid diagnosis of tuberculosis. However, it has been known that it has a wide range of sensitivity and specificity. We tried to compare In-house PCR and Amplicor?? MTB method with traditional diagnostic methods. Methods : One hundred and seventy respiratory specimens from the patient of Guro Hospital were treated with 4 % NaOH. After centrifugation, they were stained and cultured to Ogawa media. In In-house PCR, IS986 sequence was am plified by nested PCR and detected on agarose gel. In Amplicor?? MTB, 16SrRNA gene sequence was amplified, and the absorbance was read after hybridization with Mycobacterium tuberculosis specific probe. Results : Twenty nine specimens showed culture positiwty. After discordancy analysis, 34 tuberculosis positive and 136 tuberculosis negative specimens were defined. Amplicor?? MTB showed the highest sensitivity, 88.2%6. Both Amplicor?? MTB and culture showed 100% specificity. Amplicor?? MTB could early detect 12 cases(35.3 %) of smear-negative, tuberculosis-positive. There were 5 cases(3.6%) of contamination in In-house PCR. Conclusions : Amplicor?? MTB showed a good performace, compared with traditional methods. PCR could play a major role in the evaluation of smear-negative, tubercdosis-positive cases. Much effort is still needed to reduce false positivity, and negatimty in In-house PCR.
Dry Electrode-Based Fully Isolated EEG/fNIRS Hybrid Brain-Monitoring System
Lee, Seungchan,Shin, Younghak,Kumar, Anil,Kim, Minhee,Lee, Heung-No IEEE 2019 IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering Vol.66 No.4
<P>A portable hybrid brain monitoring system is proposed to perform simultaneous 16-channel electroencephalogram (EEG) and 8-channel functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) measurements. Architecture-optimized analog frontend integrated circuits (Texas Instruments ADS1299 and ADS8688A) were used to simultaneously achieve 24-bit EEG resolution and reliable latency-less (<;0.85 μs) bio-optical measurements. Suppression of the noise and crosstalk generated by the digital circuit components and flashing NIR light sources was maximized through linear regulator-based fully isolated circuit design. Gel-less EEG measurements were enabled by using spring-loaded dry electrodes. Several evaluations were carried out by conducting an EEG phantom test and an arterial occlusion experiment. An alpha rhythm detection test (eye-closing task) and a mental arithmetic experiment (cumulative subtraction task) were conducted to determine whether the system is applicable to human subject studies. The evaluation results show that the proposed system is sufficiently capable of detecting microvoltage EEG signals and hemodynamic responses. The results of the studies on human subjects enabled us to verify that the proposed system is able to detect task-related EEG spectral features such as eye-closed event-related synchronization and mental-arithmetic event-related desynchronization in the alpha and beta rhythm ranges. An analysis of the fNIRS measurements with an arithmetic operation task also revealed a decreasing trend in oxyhemoglobin concentration.</P>