S_N1 치환 반응에 의한 N-불포화 알킬카르바졸 유도체의 합성에 관한 연구

정평진,조을훈 단국대학교 1998 論文集 Vol.32 No.-

N-unsaturated alkylcarbazole derivatives were synthesized by the unimolecular nucleophilic substitution(S_Nl) of a carbazole with an unsaturated alkyl chloride. The reaction between the carbazole and unsaturated alkyl chloride was conducted in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) containing an alkali (NaOH or KOH) for 4hrs under nitrogen atmosphere at room temperature. At this time the mole ratios between the carbazole alkali and unsaturated alkyl chloride were found to be 1 : 6 : 1, 1 : 3 : 1 and 1 : 1 : 1, respectively. All the compounds including starting materials and reaction products were characterized by CHN analysis ^1H-NMR and FT - IR spectroscopy.

A case of trichilemmal cyst on the toe

( Cho Ah Lim ),( Myum Im ),( Young Lee ),( Young Joon Seo ),( Jeung Hoon Lee ),( Hae Eul Lee ) 대한피부과학회 2016 대한피부과학회 학술발표대회집 Vol.68 No.1

Trichilemmal cysts are benign cutaneous tumors that originate from the outer root sheath of hair follicle and frequently affect middle-aged females. These are mostly found on the scalp and rarely involve the face, neck and trunk. A 30-year-old male visited our clinic for skin-colored, tender, subcutaneous nodule on the 5th toe of his right foot without any history of trauma. A complete excision of the tumor was performed. Histopathological examination revealed a trichilemmal cyst that is lined by a stratified squamous epithelium composed of swollen pale keratinocytes, without the formation of a granular layer. Only few cases have been reported to occur on locations with no hair follicles. This case describes a trichilemmal cyst on the toe, which is an unusual location for these tumors.

당뇨병 교육 방법이 당뇨병 환자의 식사요법 수행과 당화혈색소에 미치는 영향

김을상,문현경,이영남,이태훈,김성곤,고재민,손진희,유형준,송오금,남흥우,정성오,위준환,염주협,조대경 대한당뇨병학회 2000 Diabetes and Metabolism Journal Vol.24 No.5

Background: Diet control plays an important role in diabetic management, but it is often hard for diabetic patients to follow the dietary control program. Poor dietary compliance leads to metabolic derangements in patients with diabetes and it may derive mainly from defects in dietary education program rather than from patients themselves. Therefore, we performed a randomized prospective study to compare the effects of three different teaching methods for diet control. Methods: Forty eight diabetic patients with poor glycemic control (mean HbA1c 11.4±1.5%) were enrolled during hospitalization and allocated at random to three different teaching methods i.e. Conventional diet sheet instruction (Group 1), Food recording on every meal (Group 2), and Meal time demonstration (Group 3). For evaluation, knowledge about DM diet and barriers to diet control were assessed by a questionnaire. Consistency in carbohydrate intake (Coefficient of variation) and serial HbA1C measurements were used for the estimation of dietary compliance and glycemic control respectively. Results: During five months' follow-up period, there was no remarkable improvement in knowledge about diabetic diet control, dietary compliance and glycemic control in Group 1 patients. But both dietary compliance and glycemic control improved in Group 2 and 3 patients during follow-up period. In Group 2 CV (Coefficient of Variation) fell from 36.4±15.2% to 27.7±17.3% and in Group 3 from 32.1±9.6% to 23.2±10.5% (p$lt;0.05). In Group 2 HbA_(1c) fell from 12±2.2% to 8.3±2.0% and in Group 3 from 11.5±2.0% to 7.5±1.9%(p$lt;0.01). The change of HbA1c level showed an appreciable correlation with dietary compliance (r= 0.75). Among the perceived barriers to dietary practice in patients of Group 2 and Group 3, extrinsic factors related to knowledge lowered during the intervention (p$lt;0.05). Even though Group 3 patients had good dietary compliance, they still felt that intrinsic factors related to motive and attitude were the major barriers at the end of the study (p$lt;0.05). Conclusion: We found that meal time demonstration teaching method may improve dietary compliance and glycemic control compared with the conventional diet sheet instruction method.

CFD 해석에 의한 도시의 풍환경 영향 평가 및 해석 방법에 관한 연구

조정훈(Cho, Jeong-Hoon),임사랑(Yim, Sa-Rang),이경수(Lee, Kyung-Su),한상을(Han, Sang-Eul) 대한건축학회 2012 大韓建築學會論文集 : 構造系 Vol.28 No.7

Recently, Artificial and irregular wind load is being occured because of the high-rise and high-density construction trends in the city. The wind environment problem of city is one of the heat island phenomenon causes. In the past, the city was focused on development of scale. But nowadays, in the environmental aspects of residents and pedestrians, the wind environmental awareness is growing. The three methods of wind environmental assessment are such as numerical methods, experimental methods and analytical methods. But, the numerical method by measure is nothing but impact assessment on the current state of the city can"t be a new alternative design assessment aspects of wind environmental improvement. So, the experimental method or the analytical method must be solve this problem. This paper show the reliability of CFD(computational fluid dynamics) analysis by comparing analytical result data with wind tunnel test result data based on the wind factor of measured data. Through this study, the applicability of CFD analysis that understand three-dimensional airflow characteristics demonstrated on environmental impact assessment is demonstrated. In this study, analytical results and wind tunnel results tend to match measured data results. as a result, We deem that the sufficient wind environmental assessment by CFD analysis is possible from the planning stage of large complex and high-rise buildings.

체중부하 수족부 전용 CT의 족부질환 진단의 유용성

이을규(Eul kyu Lee),조명훈(Myung hoon Cho),유태천(Tae chun Yu),이병상(Byung sang Lee),신원철(Weon Cheul Sin) 대한CT영상기술학회 2015 대한CT영상기술학회지 Vol.17 No.2

목적 : Weight bearing CT(이하 WBCT)의 족부질환 진단의 유용성과 WBCT 장비의 구조적, 기능적인 특성에 대해 알아보고자 한다. 대상 및 방법 : 본원 족부클리닉 내원 환자의 질환을 진단함에 있어 WBCT와 Non Weight bearing CT(이하 NWBCT)의 차이점을 조사하여 특정 질환의 진단적 가치를 평가하였다. 또한, WBCT 검사 시, 환자의 편의성, 피폭 감소에 대해서도 조사하였다. 결과 : NWBCT에 비해 WBCT는 환자의 체중 부하시의 상태를 그대로 영상화 할 수 있었다. 특히 OsteoArthrosis(OA), 평발(Flat foot) 및 외반증(valgus region) 에서 진단을 명확히 규정하는데 매우 유용하였다. 일반 NWBCT에 비해 환자의 피폭량은 1/20로 줄일 수 있었고, 촬영 시간도 단축되었다. 결론 : WBCT는 족부의 질환을 진단하는데 NWBCT에 비해 큰 장점이 있었다. 서 있을 때나 보행 시에 통증을 느끼는 환자의 족부 상태를 그대로 영상화 하여 보여줌으로써 진단의 명확성을 높이고 원인을 규명하는데 에도 도움이 되었다. 검사시간 단축과 피폭선량 감소로 환자에 심리적인 불안감을 해소시키고 육체적 안정성을 개선하였으며 장비의 다양한 기능으로 인하여 환자가 편안한 자세로 검사할 수 있었다. Purpose : We want to investigate the usefulness of the Foot and Ankle diagnosis of Weightbearing-Computed-Tomography(WBCT) and functional and structural properties of WBCT equipments. Materials and Methods : We evaluated the diagnostic value of a certain disease thorugh examining the differences between WBCT and Non-Weight-bearing-Computed- Tomography(NWBCT) when we diagnosed with the disease of the patients in the Foot and Ankle clinic. Also, during the WBCT test, we also examined the patient’s convenience and decrease of the radiation dose. Results : Compared to NWBCT, the patient’s state of WBCT could be imaged as it is. Especially, it is useful to make a clear diagnosis of OsteoArthrosis(OA), Flat foot and valgus region. It resulted in that the radiation dose decreased at 5%, and it reduced the time of Acquisition Time of WBCT, than NWBCT. Conclusions : Weight bearing CT had a significant advantage over the Non Weight bearing CT, in the diagnosis of a disease Foot and Ankle. It helps to identify the cause of the disease and improve the accuracy of diagnosis, as it shows all images of the condition of the patients pain in the foot and ankle when they walk and stand. It improves the physical stability and also relieves the anxiety of patients by reduced testing time and dose. The various functions of the equipments get patientsi n a comfortable position.

Vulvar skin metastasis of Lung squamous cell carcinoma (초)

( Ji Hoon Sim ),( Han Eul Lee ),( Gun Hong Lee ),( Moon Kyun Cho ),( Young Lip Park ),( Sung Yul Lee ) 대한피부과학회 2011 초록집 Vol.49 No.10

수치해석시뮬레이션을 이용한 문학경기장 지붕구조물의 풍하중 영향 평가

조정훈(Cho Jeong-Hoon),임사랑(Yim Sa-Rang),이경수(Lee Kyung-Soo),한상을(Han Sang-Eul) 대한건축학회 2011 대한건축학회 학술발표대회 논문집 - 계획계/구조계 Vol.31 No.2(구조계)

Recently, the trends in the shape of tall buildings and large span spatial structures can be characterized as freeform shape. Especially, three-dimensional surface structure such as the shells and membrane structures is difficult to apply the wind load due to the complexity of the shape and the thin thickness. According to codes for wind resisting design, The structures which is difficult to calculate wind load, are allowed to perform the wind tunnel experiment or analysis methods. so, In this study, Mun-Hak stadium roof structure of the typical membrane structures was analyzed for the wind pressure characteristic against state of the damaged roof membrane caused by Hurricane Kompas and original state using CFD(Computational Fluid Dynamic).

POSTER PRESENTATION 2: Critical Care/Experimental Medicine : PS2-22 ; Accelerated and Exacerbated Effects of High Dietary Fat on Neuronal Damage in The Gerbil Septum Induced by Transient Cerebral Ischemia

( Jun Hwi Cho ),( Chan Woo Park ),( Myoung Chul Shin ),( Taek Geun Ohk ),( Joon Ho Bae ),( Dae Jin Jeong ),( Jun Yeol Lee ),( Ka Eul Kim ),( Ki Joong Kim ),( Doo Hyun Lee ),( Jung Hoon Lee ),( Moo Ho 대한응급의학회 2014 대한응급의학회 학술대회초록집 Vol.2014 No.2

Obesity induced by high-fat diet (HFD) is one of the most widespread metabolic disorders in current society. However, there has been little study regarding the effects of HFD induced obesity in the septum of animal models of cerebral ischemia. Therefore, in the present study, we investigated effects of HFD on neuronal damage and gliosis in the septum induced by transient cerebral ischemia. Body weight, blood glucose levels and serum lipid profiles levels were measured both in the normal diet (ND) and HFD-group. And, we also investigated the effects of ND and HFD on neuronal damage and gliosis in the septum after transient cerebral ischemia using immunohistochemistry. The levels of blood glucose, serum triglyceride and total cholesterol were significantly increased in the HFD-fed gerbils compared with the ND-fed gerbils, although body weight was not significantly changed after HFD feeding. In the ND-fed gerbils, ischemia-induced neuronal damage was found in the septo-hippocampal nucleus (SHN) of the septum 7 days after ischemia. In the HFD-fed gerbils, ischemia-induced neuronal damage in the SHN was much severer compared with the ND-fed gerbils 4 and 7 days after ischemia. In addition, we found that ischemia-induced glial activation including astrocytes and microglia was accelerated and exacerbated in the HFD-fed gerbils compared with that in the ND-fed gerbils. These results indicate that HFD can lead to much exacerbated effects in ischemia-induced neuronal damage/death in the septum after ischemia-reperfusion and that it may be associated with accelerated change in glial activation.

POSTER PRESENTATION 2: Critical Care/Experimental Medicine : PS2-29 ; Hydroquinone Shows Neuroprotective Potential in Rodent Ischemic Stroke Model

( Jun Hwi Cho ),( Chan Woo Park ),( Myoung Chul Shin ),( Taek Geun Ohk ),( Joon Ho Bae ),( Dae Jin Jeong ),( Jun Yeol Lee ),( Ka Eul Kim ),( Ki Joong Kim ),( Doo Hyun Lee ),( Jung Hoon Lee ),( Moo Ho 대한응급의학회 2014 대한응급의학회 학술대회초록집 Vol.2014 No.2

Hydroquinone (HQ) occurs naturally in various plants and food, and is also manufactured for commercial use. Recently, it has been reported that HQ has potent antioxidant properties with radical scavenging activities. In this study, the neuroprotective effect of HQ against ischemic damage following transient focal and global ischemia was examined using 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazoliumchloride (TTC) staining, NeuN immunohistochemistry and F-J B histofluorescence. Fig. It was proven that pre- and post-treatment with 100 mg/kg of HQ protects neurons from ischemic damage. In addition, we also investigated effects of HQ on gliosis and endogenous antioxidants in the hippocampal CA1 region after transient cerebral ischemia using immunohistochemistry. Pre- and post-treatment with 100 mg/kg of HQ notably inhibited the glial activation and maintained the expression of endogenous antioxidants in the gerbil ischemic CA1 region. Briefly, these results indicate that pre- and post-treatment with HQ can protect against ischemic damage induced by transient focal and global ischemia, and the neuroprotective effects of HQ may be closely associated with the attenuation of glial activation and the maintenance of the expression of endogenous antioxidants.

POSTER PRESENTATION 2: Critical Care/Experimental Medicine : PS2-33 ; New Expression of 5-HT1A Receptor in Astrocyte in The Hippocampal CA1 Region Following Transient Global Cerebral Ischemia

( Jun Hwi Cho ),( Chan Woo Park ),( Myoung Chul Shin ),( Taek Geun Ohk ),( Joon Ho Bae ),( Dae Jin Jeong ),( Jun Yeol Lee ),( Ka Eul Kim ),( Ki Joong Kim ),( Doo Hyun Lee ),( Jung Hoon Lee ),( Moo Ho 대한응급의학회 2014 대한응급의학회 학술대회초록집 Vol.2014 No.2

5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT, serotonin) plays protective or detrimental roles in the development of ischemic damage. In the present study, we investigated the time-course changes in 5-HT1A receptor protein expression in the gerbil hippocampal CA1 region after transient global cerebral ischemia via immunohistochemistry and western blot analysis. 5-HT1A receptor immunoreactivity in the stratum pyramidale (SP) of the hippocampal CA1 region was decreased from 6 h, and hardly observed at 1 day and 2 days after ischemic damage. At 5 days and 10 days after ischemia-reperfusion, 5-HT1A receptor immunoreactivity was increased and detected newly in astrocyte of the ischemic CA1 region. The pattern of changes in 5-HT1A receptor protein levels in the hippocampal CA1 region after ischemia-reperfusion was similar to that observed in the immunohistochemical data. These results indicate that 5-HT1A receptor protein expressions may be related with the ischemia-induced neuronal death and the function of astrocyte in the ischemic hippocampal CA1 region.