어린이의 사시교정술시 인공호흡수와 심박수와의 상관관계

강종만,김종성,김희수,염명걸 대한마취과학회 2001 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.41 No.4

Correlation between Respiratory Rates and the Degree of Bradycardia in Strabismus Surgery in Children Jong-Man Kang, M.D., Hee-Soo Kim, M.D., Chong0Sung Kim, M.D. and Myung-Kul Yum, M.D.^* Department of Anesthesiology, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, and ^*Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea Background: Strabismus surgery is frequent in pediatric ophthalmic surgery. Traction on the extra-ocular muscles can trigger an oculocardiac rdflex. We investigated the correlation between respiratoy rates and the degree of bradycardia to find another management for preventing oculocardiac reflex. Methods: NO premedications were administered. They were induced with thiopental and vecuronium and maintained with O_@-enflurane-N_2O. The tidal volume was 10 ml/kg. Respiratory rate of group 1 (n = 18) was fixed at 24 bpm, group 2 (n = 18) at 20 bpm, and group 3 (n = 19) at 16 bpm. We measured the mean heart rate from intubation to the beginning of surgery and defined this as the basal heart rate. We defined the lowest heart rate after traction of the extraocular muscles as the minimal heart rate. We calculated the correlation coefficient between the respiratory rate and basal heart rate, minimal heart rate, the change of heart rates and E_tCO_2. Results: There was a positive correlation between the respiratory rate and the basal heart rate, and minimal heart rate. There was no correlation between the respiratory rate and the change of heart rate. There was no difference in E_tCo_2 among the 3 groups. Conclusions: Can be increased both basal heart rate in anesthetized patients and minimal heart rate induced by oculocardiac reflex by making the respiratory rate more rapid if there is no significant difference of E_tCO_2. The oculocardiac reflex may be reduced by making respiratory rate more rapid if there is no significant influence on minute ventilation. (Korean J Anesthesiol 2001; 41: 450~454)

高速道路 터널區間에서의 運轉者 視覺情報 特性에 관한 硏究

金明洙,延基錫,姜宗實 大田産業大學校 2001 한밭대학교 논문집 Vol.18 No.-

It is very important to analyse drivers' visual behavior because visual information accounts for more than 90 percent of information for driving. There is a research that adjustment factor a tunnel is 0.95 and for a continuous tunnel is 0.09. The reason is that a vehicle slowed down for visual trouble in the tunnel section of highway. This problem usually happens but there has never been studied of human factor which is operated as causes. Therefore the importance of researches on stable driving, smooth travel and coping with traffic safety is increasing day by day. In this regard, this study has an eye to visual aspect among things which influence drives' activity.

Neuroendocrine Tumors of the Lung: Clinical, Pathologic, and Imaging Findings

Chong, Semin,Lee, Kyung Soo,Chung, Myung Jin,Han, Joungho,Kwon, O Jung,Kim, Tae Sung Radiological Society of North America 2006 Radiographics Vol.26 No.1

<P>Neuroendocrine tumors of the lung arise from Kulchitzky cells of the bronchial mucosa and comprise typical carcinoid, atypical carcinoid, large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (LCNEC), and small cell lung cancer (SCLC). At histopathologic analysis, these tumors demonstrate a progressive increase in the number of mitotic figures per 10 high-power fields of viable tumor and in the extent of necrosis, with typical carcinoid having the lowest values and SCLC having the highest. Typical carcinoid is less aggressive than atypical carcinoid, although these tumors have similar gross pathologic and radiologic features; LCNEC has a prognosis between that of atypical carcinoid and that of SCLC. SCLC is the most aggressive pulmonary neuroendocrine tumor and has the most specific imaging feature: mediastinal or hilar lymphadenopathy. At CT, carcinoid tumors appear as a spherical or ovoid nodule or mass with a well-defined and slightly lobulated border. When nonspherical, the tumor is elongated with its long axis parallel to adjacent bronchi. Calcification or ossification is seen in up to 30% of cases. The CT findings of LCNEC are nonspecific and are similar to those of other non-small cell lung cancers. Although there are some overlapping features between these tumors, integration of the clinical and imaging features may be helpful in differentiation of pulmonary neuroendocrine tumors.</P>

Integrated PET/CT of pulmonary neuroendocrine tumors: diagnostic and prognostic implications.

Chong, Semin,Lee, Kyung Soo,Kim, Byung-Tae,Choi, Joon Young,Yi, Chin A,Chung, Myung Jin,Oh, Dae-Kun,Lee, Ji-Young American Roentgen Ray Society 2007 American Journal of Roentgenology Vol.188 No.5

<P>OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to describe retrospectively integrated PET/CT findings on pulmonary neuroendocrine tumors and to correlate the findings with prognosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between May 2003 and February 2005, 37 consecutively enrolled patients (33 men and four women; mean age, 60 years) with histopathologically proven pulmonary neuroendocrine tumors underwent 18F-FDG PET/CT after enhanced standalone CT. CT was used to analyze the morphologic features of the tumors and PET to measure maximum standardized uptake value (SUV). Maximum SUVs of carcinoid tumors, large-cell neuroendocrine carcinomas (LCNECs), and small-cell lung carcinomas (SCLCs) were compared, and maximum SUV and tumor stage and prognosis were correlated. RESULTS: Four (two typical and two atypical) of the seven carcinoid tumors had no FDG uptake or less than mediastinal uptake. The maximum SUVs of primary tumors, in increasing order, were significantly different for carcinoids (mean, 4.0; median, 3.4), LCNECs (mean, 12.0; median, 10.7), and SCLCs (mean, 11.6; median, 11.7) (p = 0.006, Kruskal-Wallis test). There was no significant correlation between maximum SUV of the primary tumor and the tumor stages of carcinoids, LCNECs, or SCLCs (p = 0.08, Jonckheere-Terpstra test; p = 0.768, Mann-Whitney test). Results of receiver operating characteristics analysis showed a maximum SUV greater than 13.7 suggested a poor survival period in cases of LCNEC and SCLC. CONCLUSION: The maximum SUVs of neuroendocrine tumors are significantly different for carcinoid tumors, LCNECs, and SCLCs, and a high maximum SUV suggests short survival of patients with LCNEC or SCLC.</P>

환자와 자연환경에서 분리된 Aeromonas의 균종 및 항균제 감수성

정윤섭,이삼열,홍천수,고춘명,곽창길 대한감염학회 1987 감염 Vol.19 No.3

Aeromonas is known to cause gastrointestinal as well as various extraintestinal infections in man. Strains of Aeromonas isolated from mam used to be identified as A. hydrophila, but other species is now known to cause infection. In this study, strains of Aeromonas isolated from clinical materials during July 1983 to December 1986 and identified as A. hydrophila were reexamined to ascertain presence of other species. Also attempted was to isolate Aeromonas from environmental sources during September to October 1986. Identification of species were done by various biochemical tests. Antimicrobial susceptibility was tested by the agar dilution method. Among the clinical isolates 15 were A. hydrophila, 7 A. sobria and 4 A. caviae. From the environment 11 were A.sobria, 7 A. hydrophila and 2 A. caviae. A. hydrophila as well as A. sobria (7) and A. caviae (4) were isolated from such specimens as wound, blood and bile. From environmental sources, fish bowl water often yielded the organism. The isolates included 10 A. sobria, 6 A. hydrophila and 2 A. caviae. All of the isolates were susceptible to amikacin, gentamicin, tobramycin, cefotaxime and ciprofloxacin, most were susceptible to cefamandole, cefoperazone, cefoxitin, cefuroxime, moxalactam, chloramphenicol and tetracycline, and a few were susceptible to cefazolin and cotrimoxazole. All were resistant to ampicillin. It is concluded that from clinical materials A. hydrophila as well as A. sobria and A. caviae are isolated, that among the environmental isolates A. sobria outnumber others, and that the most active antimicrobial agents are aminoglycosides, cefotaxime and ciprofloxacin.

증례 : 위에 발생한 Glomus Tumor 의 1 예

이종무 ( Chong Moo Lee ),김교식 ( Kyo Sik Kim ),안영설 ( Young Sul Ahn ),정환국 ( Whan Kook Chung ),정구명 ( Ku Myung Chung ),박용휘 ( Yong Hee Park ),김홍수 ( Hong Soo Kim ) 대한내과학회 1970 대한내과학회지 Vol.13 No.9

A case of gastric glomus tumor in Korean female was described about the clinico-laboratory, gastroscopic, radiologic and operative findings as well as histologic features. Literature was reviewed and discussed in reference to this tumor.

131I 의 체외 방사선조사에 의한 염색체이상

김종순(Chong Soon Kim),김은실(Eun Sil Kim),한승수(Seung Soo Han),김희근(Hee Geun Kim),강덕원(Duck Won Kang),송명재(Myung Jae Song),이재용(Jae Yong Lee),정내인(Nae In Jeong),이명선(Myung Soon Kim),서두선(Doo Seon Seo),노승익(Seung Ik 대한핵의학회 1994 핵의학 분자영상 Vol.28 No.1

N/A Recently, there are many considerations and studies on biological effects of radiations in radiation workera, as well as in accidentally or therapeutically irradiated persons. The most practical and reliable method of dosimetry for radiation accidents is the scoring of gross chromosomal aberrations in human lymphocytes (Ydr) as a biological dosimetry. By the way, although usual doses of 131I administered therapeutically for thyroid cancer are ranging from 100 mCi to 200mCi, there are differences of absarbed doses and Ydr, ranging from 0.004 to 0.04, on equally administered 131I due to variations in metabolic characteristics, stage of tumors and physical status of subjects. In this study, We exert to obtain the dose-response relationships of 131I, as a good guide to evaluating acute effects of accidental irradiations and radiation induced leukemia or solid tumor, by in vitro induction of chromosomal aberrations. we studied the relationship between radiation dose <D) and the frequency of chromosomal aberrations (Ydr) obserbed in peripheral lymphocytes that were irradiated in vitro with 'I at doses ranging from 0.05 to 6.00 Gy. By scoring cells with unstable chromosomal aberrations (dicentric chromosomes and ring chromosomes) we obtained this linearquadratic dose response equation Ydr=0.064351 D 0.13143 D+0.045684 This dose-response relationship may be useful for evaluating acute and chronic I induced biological effects.

Lymph node targeting and pharmacokinetics of [^3H]methotrexate-encapsulated neutral large unilamellar vesicles and immunoliposomes

Kim, Chong-Kook,Choi, Yun Jeong,Lim, Soo-Jeong,Lee, Myung Gull,Lee, Sun Hwa,Hwang, Sung Joo 충남대학교 약학대학 의약품개발연구소 1993 藥學論文集 Vol.9 No.-

The lymph mode targeting ability and the pharmacokinetics of [^3H]methotrexate (MTX)-bearing neutral large unilamell vesicles (NULV) and immunoliposomes (IL; anti-rat immunoglobulin G-conjugated liposomes) were compared with those of ? [^3H]MTX after intravenous (i.v.) or intramuscular (i.m.) injection to rats. The plasma radioactivity declined slowly after ? injection of the NLUV or IL when compared with that after [^3H]MTX, and might be due to the slow release of radioactivity from the NLUV or IL which are present in plasma and/or taken up into tissues. The values of AUC_0-24h in the regional lymph ? were 6.60- and 6.60-fold increased after i.m. injection of NLUV and IL, respectively, when compared with the value after from [^3H]MTX, and the corresponding values for nonregional lymph nodes were 5.35- and 4.78-fold. It strongly suggested that ? NLUV or IL could have a better lymph targeting ability than that of free [^3H]MTX. The encapsulation efficiency of [^3H]MTX the NLUV increased with increasing cholesterol contents up to 44 mol% and decreased thereafter as prepared by the ? phase evaporation method. The in vitro release of radioactivity was reduced when the NLUV or IL was incubated in plasma kept 37℃ and at a rate of 50 oscillations /min (opm) when compared with the value from [^3H]MTX using a dialysis bag.

동종 아킬레스건을 이용한 슬관절 후외측부 해부학적 재건술의 단기 추시 결과

이명철(Myung Chul Lee),이상훈(Sahnghoon Lee),장종범(Chong Bum Chang),유재호(Jae Ho Yoo),한혁수(Hyuk Soo Han),최선종(Sun Jong Choi),성상철(Sang Cheol Seong) 대한정형외과학회 2005 대한정형외과학회지 Vol.40 No.7

목적: 슬관절 후외측 회전 불안정성에 대해 외측측부인대, 슬와비골인대 및 슬와건을 동시에 재건할 수 있는 동종 아킬레스건을 이용한 새로운 술식의 수술 후 단기 추시 결과를 살펴보고자 한다. 대상 및 방법: 2002년 1월부터 2003년 6월까지 슬관절의 후외측 회전 불안정성으로 수술받은 환자 11명을 대상으로 하였다. Lysholm knee score, Tegner 활동도 점수를 이용하여 임상적 결과를 평가하였고 후외측 회전 불안정성에 대한 이학적 검사를 시행하여 결과를 분석하였다. 결과: 평균 추시 기간은 26개월이었고 Lysholm knee score는 수술 전 평균 38.6에서 수술 후 평균 72.5로 유의한 증가를 보였고, Tegner activity level은 수술 전 평균 1.6에서 수술 후 평균 3.3으로 유의한 증가를 보였다. 후외측 전위검사와 30° 굴곡 위 내반 긴장검사는 수술 전 11예 모두에서 양성이었고, 수술후 1예를 제외하고 모두 소설되었다. 30°굴곡 하에 외회전-dial 검사는 수술 전 11예 모두에서 양성이었고 수술 후 모두 소설되었다. 완전 신전 위 내반 긴장검사와 90° 굴곡 위 외회전-dial 검사는 수술 전 8예에서 양성을 보였으며 수술 후 모두 소실되었다. 결론: 저자들이 고안한 새로운 후외측 재건술은 단기 추시상 슬관절의 후외측 회전 안정성의 회복에 만족할 만한 결과를 얻을 수 있었다. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the short term clinical results of the new anatomical reconstruction including 3 major posterolateral structures of the knee using a split Achilles allograft. Materials and Methods: Eleven knees with posterolateral rotary instability underwent new anatomical posterolateral reconstruction between January 2002 and June 2003. The clinical results were assessed using the Lysholm score and Tegner activity level scales and physical examinations including postero-lateral drawer test, dial tests at 30 and 90 degrees of knee flexion, varus stress tests at 0 and 30 degrees of knee flexion. Results: Follow-up averaged 26 months (range, 12 to 29 months). The mean preoperative Lysholm score was 38.6 and at the time of latest follow-up, the mean score was improved to 72.5. The mean preoperative Tegner activity level was improved from 1.6 points to 3.3. Ten out of 11 patients showed negative conversion of the posterolateral drawer test and varus stress test at 30 degrees of flexion postoperatively. All patients, who showed positive signs on the external rotation-dial test at 30 degrees of knee flexion pre-operatively, improved postoperatively. In eight patients, preoperative positive signs of varus stress tests at 0 degrees of knee flexion and the external rotation-dial test at 90 degrees of knee flexion disappeared postoperatively. Conclusion: This study suggests that the new anatomical reconstruction of posterolateral corner of knee is a reliable method providing excellent stability and satisfactory short term clinical results.

Tire 및 Tube 의 품질 보강에 관한 연구(제2보)

이명환,박창호,이진범,이준수,염홍찬,홍종명,임동호,이종근 한국고무학회 1968 엘라스토머 및 콤포지트 Vol.3 No.1

The physical properties of NR-SBR and NR-BR blends were studied. 1. In blending, tensile strength decreased with increase in synthetic rubber contents. It was most effective when the ratio of NR/Syn. R is 75/25. 2. Tensile strength decreased with order of NR, SBR and BR and modulus after aging is proportional of synthetic rubber contents. 3. Elongation is less influenced by synthetic rubber ratio that on the other hand, the decrease of elongation is proportional to synthetic rubber contents after aging. 4. Hardness decreased with increase in the synthetic rubber contents and on the other hand, the hardness increased after aging.