Simulation of Rough Rice Drying by Natural Air(Ⅰ)

Chang, D. I.,Chung, D. S.,Pfost, H. B.,Calderwood, D. L. 충남대학교 농업과학연구소 1983 農業技術硏究報告 Vol.10 No.1

Simulation model of natural air grain drying was discussed and modified to predict the changes of grain moisture content and dry matter loss of rough rice drying. The modified simulation model was then validated using actual test data. A series of simulated drying tests using official weather data for 15 years from Beaumont, Texas, was taken to make minimum airflow rate and maximum bed depth of rough rice drying by natural air, under different conditions of initial moisture content of rough rice, airflow rate and harvest date.

Color-stable, ITO-free white organic light-emitting diodes with enhanced efficiency using solution-processed transparent electrodes and optical outcoupling layers

Chang, H. W.,Kim, Y. H.,Lee, J.,Hofmann, S.,Lussem, B.,Muller-Meskamp, L.,Gather, M. C.,Leo, K.,Wu, C. C. Elsevier Science B.V., Amsterdam. 2014 Organic electronics Vol.15 No.5

In this work, we demonstrate color-stable, ITO-free white organic light-emitting diodes (WOLEDs) with enhanced efficiencies by combining the high-conductivity conducting polymer PEDOT:PSS as transparent electrode and a nanoparticle-based scattering layer (NPSL) as the effective optical out-coupling layer. In addition to efficiency enhancement, the NPSL is also beneficial to the stabilization of electroluminescent spectra/colors over viewing angles. Both the PEDOT:PSS and the NPSL can be fabricated by simple, low-temperature solution processing. The integration of both solution-processable transparent electrodes and light extraction structures into OLEDs is particularly attractive for applications since they simultaneously provide manufacturing, cost and efficiency advantages. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

소아 쭈쭈가무시병환자 28명의 임상상 및 유병기간에 따른 간접면역형광항체가의 변동상

박병규,오영균,윤희상,염명걸,유한욱,김재형,강환섭,김익상,장우현,김승환 대한감염학회 1993 감염 Vol.25 No.2

During the autumn of 1990 , we had investigated the clinical featuresw and followed the change in the direct immunofluorescent antibody(IFA) titers in 28 children with scrub typhus who resided in or near Chinju, Korea. All the children except one were diagnosed by the peak IFA titers of 1:160 or higher. The results were as follows: 1) The clinical features of our children were not different, to a large degree, from those of adults ever described in Korea literatures. But the frequence rates of skin rash, eschar and conjunctival injection were higher, those of proteinuria and hematuria were lower than those in adults and the characters of rash in our children were also quite different(faces were frequently the first site of eruption and even palms and soles were involved occasionally, initial bright red color of rash was changed into brown color during the acute phase). 2) IFA titers rose rapidly during the 2nd or 3rd week of illness and then formed plateau. When we suggest IFA titers of 1:180 or higher as the diagnostic criteria, the seropositivity of our children was 5/7(75%) in the 1st week and over 95% in the 2nd through 5th week of illness, and suggest IFA titers of 1:160 or higher,then the seropositivityin the 1st, 2nd and 3rd through 5th week were 3/7(43%), 23/31(74%) and over 95%,respectively. 3) IFA titers in 6-8 months after disease onset were 1:80(13 children) or 1:20( 7 children), and in one and half year (our longest follow-up period), 1:20 (3 children) showing that IFA lasts longer than one and half year after sickness. 4) From the above data (3) and the fact that majority of cases of scrub typhus occur in the autumn season in Korea, IFA titers of 1:40-1:160 should be used as the diagnostic criteria in order to distinguish between the present and past infections.

Dietary supplementation of L-arginine and conjugated linoleic acid reduces retroperitoneal fat mass and increases lean body mass in rats.

Nall, Jennifer L,Wu, Guoyao,Kim, Kyoung Hoon,Choi, Chang Weon,Smith, Stephen B Wistar Institute of Anatomy and Biology 2009 The Journal of nutrition Vol.139 No.7

<P>We hypothesized that l-arginine and conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) would have additive effects in decreasing adiposity. Sprague Dawley rats were assigned to the following dietary groups (n = 6/group; 5 wk total): 1) control (2.55% l-alanine plus 1.5% canola oil); 2) arginine (1.25% l-arginine plus 1.5% canola oil); 3) CLA (2.55% l-alanine plus 1.5% CLA); and 4) arginine plus CLA (1.25% l-arginine plus 1.5% CLA). Supplemental amino acids were provided in drinking water and CLA was incorporated into the food pellets. Daily weight gain, food intake, arginine intake, and final body and eviscerated body weights were greater in rats fed supplemental CLA then in rats fed canola oil. The retroperitoneal adipose tissue:body weight ratio was less in rats fed supplemental CLA than in rats fed canola oil, but epididymal adipose tissue, liver, and soleus and extensor digitorum longus muscle weights were unaffected by arginine or CLA. CLA decreased epididymal adipose tissue concentrations of palmitoleic, oleic, and cis-vaccenic acid. CLA and arginine increased palmitate oxidation to CO(2) in epididymal adipose tissue in vitro relative to control rats. Glucose and palmitate incorporation into total lipids in epididymal adipose tissue was lower in rats fed supplemental arginine than in alanine-fed rats. Arginine increased plasma glycerol relative to alanine-fed rats and CLA and arginine independently decreased most serum essential amino acids and alanine, glutamate, glutamine, and ornithine. We conclude that CLA and arginine modulated adipose tissue metabolism by separate, but not additive, effects. Also, CLA and arginine may have depressed muscle protein turnover.</P>

Distribution of stress state in the Nankai subduction zone, southwest Japan and a comparison with Japan Trench

Lin, W.,Byrne, T.B.,Kinoshita, M.,McNeill, L.C.,Chang, C.,Lewis, J.C.,Yamamoto, Y.,Saffer, D.M.,Casey Moore, J.,Wu, H.Y.,Tsuji, T.,Yamada, Y.,Conin, M.,Saito, S.,Ito, T.,Tobin, H.J.,Kimura, G.,Kanagaw Elsevier Scientific Publishing Co 2016 Tectonophysics Vol.692 No.2

<P>To better understand the distribution of three dimensional stress states in the Nankai subduction zone, southwest Japan, we review various stress-related investigations carried out in the first and second stage expeditions of the Nankai Trough Seismogenic Zone Experiment (NanTroSEIZE) by the Integrated Ocean Drilling Program (IODP) and compile the stress data. Overall, the maximum principal stress sigma(l) in the shallower levels (<similar to 1 km) is vertical from near the center of forearc basin to near the trench and; the maximum horizontal stress S-Hmax (interpreted to be the intermediate principal stress sigma(2)) is generally parallel to the plate convergence vector. The exception to this generalization occurs along the shelf edge of the Nankai margin where S-Hmax, is along strike rather than parallel to the plate convergence vector. Reorientation of the principal stresses at deeper levels (e.g., >similar to 1 km below seafloor or in underlying accretionary prism) with sigma(1) becoming horizontal is also suggested at all deeper drilling sites. We also make a comparison of the stress state in the hanging wall of the frontal plate-interface between Site C0066 in the Nankai and Site C0019 in the Japan Trench subduction zone drilled after the 2011 Mw 9.0 Tohoku-Oki earthquake. In the Japan Trench, a comparison between stress state before and after the 2011 mega-earthquake shows that the stress changed from compression before the earthquake to extension after the earthquake. As a result of the comparison between the Nankai Trough and Japan Trench, a similar current stress state with trench parallel extension was recognized at both C0006 and C0019 sites. Hypothetically, this may indicate that in Nankai Trough it is still in an early stage of the interseismic cycle of a great earthquake which occurs on the decollement and propagates to the toe (around site C0006). (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</P>

집속 신호 합성 기법에 의한 초음파 탐상 신호 개선

이삼래,장기옥,김병철,김기길 韓國非破壞檢査學會 1998 한국비파괴검사학회지 Vol.18 No.4

비파괴검사는 검사 자체와 검사 결과를 해석 또는 평가하는 것으로 크게 둘로 나눌 수 있다. 검사 자체는 전자 기술 수준의 발전에 따라 많은 양을 단시간 내에 정밀하게 수행할 수 있으나 검사 결과 발견된 지시(indication)가 결함인지 혹은 이와 유사한 거짓 결함인지를 확인하기는 대단히 어려운 일이다. 초음파 탐상의 경우 검사 결과 결함의 형상을 정확하게 인식하기 위해 컴퓨터를 활용한 다양한 첨단 신호 해석 기술이 개발되어 일부 활용되어오고 있는데 본 논문에서는 신호처리 기법의 하나인 집속 신호합성 기법(synthetic aperture focusing technique, SAFT)을 활용하여 탄소강에서의 결함 신호 해석을 시도하였으며 탄소강 평판내에 가공된 hole을 대상으로 수집된 초음파 신호를 이 기법을 적용하여 처리한 결과 결함으로부터의 신호대 잡음비에 있어서 많은 개선이 이루어진 것으로 판단된다. Nondestructive method can include both testing itself and analysis or evaluation of the testing results. Although vast amount of testing can be accomplished in a fairly short amount of time due to the advancement of electronic technology, it is really difficult matter to identify whether the indication found during testing corresponds to be a real defect. Thus, in ultrasonic testing, advanced digital signal processing techniques have been widely studied in order to identify the shape of the defect during testing, and one of the signal processing techniques, synthetic aperture focusing technique(SAFT) was tried for holes machined in carbon steel plate in this study. Result showed that signal to noise ratio has been improved considerably compared to the result from original RF signals.

Development of an efficient process for recovery of fucose in a multi-component mixture of monosugars stemming from defatted microalgal biomass

Hong, S.B.,Choi, J.H.,Park, H.,Wang, N.H.L.,Chang, Y.K.,Mun, S. Korean Society of Industrial and Engineering Chemi 2017 Journal of industrial and engineering chemistry Vol.56 No.-

<P>One of highly promising ways for fucose production is to utilize the defatted residue of microalgae as the fucose source. A prerequisite for such fucose-production strategy is a robust separation process that can perform an efficient recovery of fucose in a monosugar mixture coming from the hydrolysis of the defatted microalgal biomass. To develop such process, we first selected a prospective large-scale adsorbent that had a sufficiently high selectivity between fucose and other monosugar components. The selected adsorbent was then experimented in accordance with the principle of multiple frontal analysis in order to obtain the intrinsic parameters of the relevant monosugar components. Using the resultant parameters, the optimal design of the fucose-separation process of interest was carried out on the basis of a simulated moving bed (SMB) technology. The validity of the designed process was investigated first with detailed model simulation, and then with a continuous fucose-separation experiment based on the self-assembled SMB equipment. The results of the SMB experiment demonstrated that the developed process was highly effective in continuous separation of fucose with the purity of 97.1% while maintaining its loss as low as 0%. It is thus expected that the results in this study can contribute to a meaningful improvement in the economical efficiencies of both a microalgae based biodiesel-production process and a fucose-production process. (C) 2017 The Korean Society of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</P>

An evaluation of ELISA using recombinant Brucella abortus bacterioferritin (Bfr) for bovine brucellosis

Hop, H.T.,Arayan, L.T.,Simborio, H.L.,Reyes, A.W.B.,Min, W.,Lee, H.J.,Lee, J.J.,Chang, H.H.,Kim, S. Pergamon Press 2016 Comparative immunology, microbiology and infectiou Vol.45 No.-

<P>To date, detection of antibodies against the lipopolysaccharide portion is the backbone of most serodiagnostic methods for brucellosis screening. However this pose a risk for false positive reactions related to other pathogens especially that of Yersinia enterocolitica 0:9 which has the most prominent cross reactivity with Brucella spp. In this study, cloning and expression of Brucella abortus bacterioferritin (Bfr) was accomplished by PCR amplification into an expression vector system, and purification of a recombinant B. abortus Bfr (rBfr). The immunogenicity of rBfr was confirmed by Western blot with Brucella-positive bovine serum. To determine whether rBfr has a potential benefit for use in the serodiagnosis of bovine brucellosis, rBfr-based ELISA was performed. Interestingly, rBfr was able to detect anti-Brucella antibodies in positive sera in a dependent manner of TAT values but did not show an immunoreaction with negative samples. Particularly, average OD492 values at the lowest, medium and highest TAT titer levels were 1.4, 2.2 and 2.6-fold increase compared with the cutoff value, respectively. The accuracy, specificity and sensitivity of rBfr showed 89.09%, 93.6% and 85.33%, respectively. These findings suggest that rBfr might be a good candidate for serological diagnosis development of bovine brucellosis. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.</P>

건국 우유와 유제품의 소비성향에 관한 조사연구

임종우,김종우,조광호,김영주,유제현,윤여창,장주익,권일경,안효일,이용규,이부응,박종래,이헌종 경상대학교 축산진흥연구소 1989 畜産振興硏究所報 Vol.16 No.1

A hypoxia-dependent upregulation of hypoxia-inducible factor-1 by nuclear factor- <i>κ</i> B promotes gastric tumour growth and angiogenesis

Nam, S Y,Ko, Y S,Jung, J,Yoon, J,Kim, Y H,Choi, Y J,Park, J W,Chang, M S,Kim, W H,Lee, B L Nature Publishing Group 2011 The British journal of cancer Vol.104 No.1

<P><B>Background:</B></P><P>The underlying mechanisms involved in the activation of hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) in gastric cancer remain unclear. As nuclear factor-<I>κ</I>B (NF-<I>κ</I>B) as well as HIF-1 have been implicated in angiogenesis of various cancers, we investigated their relationship in gastric cancer.</P><P><B>Methods:</B></P><P>Nuclear expressions of HIF-1<I>α</I> and NF-<I>κ</I>B/RelA were assessed in 251 human gastric carcinoma specimens by immunohistochemical tissue array analysis. Stable human gastric cancer cells, infected with a retroviral vector containing super-suppressive mutant form of I<I>κ</I>B<I>α</I> (I<I>κ</I>B<I>α</I>M), were used for animal studies as well as cell culture experiments. Xenografted tumours were measured and I<I>κ</I>B<I>α</I>M effects on angiogenesis and HIF-1<I>α</I> activation were assessed by immunohistochemistry, western blotting, luciferase reporter assay, and semiquantitative reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction. In addition, NF-<I>κ</I>B effects on the HIF-1<I>α</I> degradation and synthesis were examined.</P><P><B>Results:</B></P><P>Hypoxia-inducible factor-1<I>α</I> activation positively correlated with RelA activation in clinical gastric cancer samples (<I>P</I><0.001). The I<I>κ</I>B<I>α</I>M overexpression suppressed tumour growth, microvessel density, and HIF-1<I>α</I> activation in xenografted tumours. Cell culture experiments showed that hypoxia-induced HIF-1<I>α</I> expression was reduced by NF-<I>κ</I>B inhibition under hypoxic conditions at the translational level.</P><P><B>Conclusion:</B></P><P>The hypoxia-dependent activation of the NF-<I>κ</I>B/HIF-1<I>α</I>/VEGF pathway contributes, at least in part, to gastric cancer promotion via enhancement of angiogenesis.</P>