鐵筋콘크리트 보에서 剪斷鐵筋이 휨耐力에 미치는 影響

고유신,기진호,김병호,은희창,서일교 제주대학교 산업기술연구소 2000 尖端技術硏究所論文集 Vol.11 No.2

Shear reinforcement has an important role to strengthen shear capacity of reinforced concrete beam. Although the flexural design corresponding to design code does not consider the effects of the shear reinforcement, its utilization in flexural region leads to the improved ductility and the enhanced strength by confining concrete. It allows to design the over-reinforcement beam. In this study, we considered the effects of the shear reinforcement on the flexural ductility and strength of reinforced concrete beam according to the spacing of shear reinforcement, steel ratio, and shear span ratio. The flexural capacity depends on the amount of longitudinal bars and the ductility the confinement degree by the shear reinforcement. The flexural analysis varies with the stress-strain relation of confined concrete. The analytical results based on the stress-strain relation presented by Chung almost corresponded to the experimental ones. It was observed that the proper design of shear reinforcement leads to utilize the over-reinforcement concrete beam.

법랑질 접착에 대한 습윤 효과

고근호,조영곤,진철희,유상훈,김종욱,박병철,기영재,최희영,김종진 大韓齒科保存學會 2004 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.29 No.3

This study evaluated the microleakage and interfacial gap between enamel and composite resin under the dry and wet condition of the enamel surface, V shaped class 5 cavities were prepared on the occlusal portion of extracted human molars. Samples were divided into three groups: D group (air dry for 10-15s), BD group (blot dry with moist cotton pellet), and DR group (air dry for 10-15s and rewet with Aqua-Prep F for 20s). Cavities were filled using Aelitefil composite resin after applied One-Step. Microleakage was tested by 2% methylene blue dye solution and the data were statistically analysed by Kruskal-Wallis test and Mann-Whitney test. Also Enamel-resin interface was observed under SEM. Group BD showed statistically lower microleakage than group D (p〈0.05). but there was no statistically significant difference between group BD and DR (p)0.05). At the enamel-resin interface, group D showed the gap of 2 ㎛ thickness, but group BD and DR showed close adaptation. In conclusion, the use of blot dry and rewetting agent (Aqua-Prep F) resulted in decreased microleakage and improved adhesion between enamel and resin when using One-Step.

地方化時代의 都市ㆍ農村連繫開發戰略에 關한 硏究 : 忠北地域發展을 中心으로 With Special Reference to Chungbuk Region

高秉浩 청주대학교 새마을연구소 1988 새마을硏究論文集 Vol.5 No.-

The conception of a linked development approach in the era of localism between local cities and their rural areas in this paper originated in the recognition of the critical regional problems during the last three decades. Looking back upon the process of the national develpment, econmic, social and political situations since of 1960's have marvellously changed toward a national economic growth and industria lization. But the negative aspects of the accelerated economic gowth and develpoment have been confronted with serious regional problems such as spatial cocentration and industrial plarization to a capital area and large cities, regional disparity, inequality of opportunties, depression in local regions and rural areas, and so on. Therefore, it is the time to deal with those regional problems and to establish on the principle of solving regional problems. And so we must step in a stage of searching for new strategies and methodologies to solve them. A linked development approach between local cities and rural areas is one of such endeavours, and has purposes in pursuit of a balanced and integrated regional development. Obviously an idea of the linked development is a proper alternative for improving local cities and their surronding rural areas. The theoretical base of the approach derives its framework from such theories: central place therory: center-periphery model; agropolitan district; key settlement policy; micropolitan development; rural center planning therory; strategy of human settlement area. The methodologies of the linked development lay stress on an integrated development between local center and its surrounding area, and to activate functional linkages between the two. And then, how the linked development could be achieved? Strategies and methodologies for the approach might be suggested as follows : (1) At first, the theoretical base of urban and rural development relevant to the approach must be scrutinized. That may throw some light on establishing a linked development model. (2) A prerequisite to pursue the approach is to understand the interrelation ships and existing situation between local cities and their rural periphery. That is to say, it is necessary to analize the problem area at regional-level. (3) In the aspect of spatial development, the hierarchy of "Integrated Settlement Area" must be analize d, and then the hierarchy of central places might be established. For example, in this paper, 4 categories of central places are suggested according to the scale and central functions of them. They are regional city, rural center, locality town and rural key village. (4) The main emphasis of the linked development should be towards an integrated rural development by which isolated development of rural village and polarization development of the local centers could be united. (5) In the aspect of a living environment, public facilities and service delievery system must be systematized in accordance with the wierarchy of central Places. particularly, to solve deficiency and inconvenience of public facilities is an important task of it. (6) As for development strategies, some kinds of methodologies must be pursued to achieve a linked development : the activation of the communial organization ; developing a socio-cultural homogeneity based on regionalism ; rural industrialization ; developing symbiosis between local cities and rural areas : improving the functional linkage and trans portion routes ; mobilizing local resources and potentials for self-reliance. Lastly, relating to the case study region, Chungbuk, a linked development should be toward improving the small towns (locality towns)and their surrounding rural areas through integrated development. In the case of Chungbuk region, all of the most small towns are premodernized, and their market systems and public facilities are below the common level of the other regions. Above all, the most important task of Chungbuk region development, is the activation of small towns and their socio-economic environment, Moreover, it is necessary to promote an territorial development towards a urban and rural spatial continuum, and Chungbuk region's resources must be exploted by means of regional specification.

흰쥐의 악골에 동종 이식한 태아 치아싹의 장기간 발육

고동현,정한성,김성오,이제호,최형준,최병재 대한소아치과학회 2007 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.34 No.1

치아우식증이나 치주질환으로 치아를 상실한 경우 여러 가지 방법으로 수복 치료할 수 있으나 그 중에서 임플란트와 치아 이식에 대한 관심이 높아지고 있다. 최근에는 치아 이식에 대한 성공률을 높이기 위해서 치아를 형성시키고 발육시키는 과정에 관한 많은 연구가 이루어지고 있다. 치아싹 이식은 생체 내와 생체 외에서 연구되고 있고, 생체 내 이식은 쥐와 생쥐, 고양이, 개 등 여러 동물에서 시행되고 있다. 이러한 생체 내 이식은 대부분 구강 외에서 시행되고 있으며 구강 내 이식에 대한 연구는 드물다. 본 연구는 악골 내에 이식한 치아싹이 발육되고 석회화되는지 관찰하기 위하여 성숙한 흰쥐의 상악 제 1 구치를 발치하고 그 발치와에 임신 13.5일 된 태아쥐에서 모상기의 하악 제 1 구치의 치아싹을 이식하고 2. 6 개월 후 회생하여 방사선학적 그리고 조직학적으로 관찰하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 2 개월과 6 개월 동안 악골 내에 이식한 치아싹은 석회화된 치아 조직이 형성 되었고 치아 조직에서 상아질과 백악질, 치수 조직이 관찰되었으며 법랑질 공간 주변은 상피로 둘러싸여 있었다. 2. 6 개월 동안 구강 상피 하방에 위치한 치아 조직은 상피로 둘러싸여 있었고 주위에 치주인대 및 결합조직이 관찰되었다. 3. 이식한 시간이 경과함에 따라 치아 형성이 진전되었으나 치아 조직은 크기가 작았고 형태학적으로 완전하지 못하였다. In case of missing tooth caused by dental caries or periodontal disease, it can be restored by various methods, and there has been much interest in implant and tooth transplantation. The success of tooth transplantation is going to be attained through the knowledge of growth, development and calcification of tooth. Tooth transplantation has been experimented in vivo and in vitro. Many animals such as rats, mice, cats and dogs are used for tooth transplantation experiment in vivo. In most experiments, tooth was transplanted into the extraoral site, but rare into the intraoral site. In this study, to observe the capacity of formation and mineralization of tooth germ, first molar of a matured white rat was extracted and the cap stage tooth germ of a 13.5 Embryonic day embryo rat was transplanted into the extracted socket. The rats were killed 6 months later and the radiographical and histological results are as followings. 1. Tooth germ transplanted for 2 and 6 months are developing calcified tooth material such as dentin, cementum, pulp tissue, and epithelium around enamel space in the maxilla was seen. 2. The epithelium around enamel space was located beneath the oral epithelium and contained connective tissue and periodontal ligament. 3. Tooth formation was progressed as transplantation period, but the size of newly formed tooth was small and the shape of tooth was incomplete.

캄보디아의 토지제도 특성과 토지이용계획

고병호 청주대학교 사회과학연구소 2005 한국사회과학연구 Vol.26 No.3

캄보디아는 민주적이고 시장지향적 경제구조로 발전됨에 따라 토지와 관련한 수많은 문제에 봉착하고 있다. 캄보디아에 있어 국가재건의 주안점은 무엇보다도 토지제도의 확립과, 이에 따른 토지이용의 효율성을 확보하는데 주어져 있다. 이에 따라 토지개혁과 토지제도의 정비 및 합리적인 토지이용의 필요성이 끊임없이 제기되어져 왔다. 현재 캄보디아가 당면하고 있는 토지관리문제 및 제도적 정비를 위한 노력과 현재의 상참을 평가하면서, 제3세계의 토지문제의 특성과 이를 해결하기 위한 세제적인 관심 아래 사례지역으로 부각되고 있는 캄보디아의 토지제도와 토지이용정책을 검토하고 평가하는데 이 연구의 의의가 있다. 나아가 문제해결의 대안 중의 하나인 참여적 토지이용계획(Participatory Land Use Planning)을 중심으로 주민참여와 협의, 조정을 통한 토지분쟁의 해결과 자원의 보전과 효율적 토지이용에 접근하고자 하는 것이다. Now Cambodian society is confronted with a number of problematic issues regarding land as it continues to develop as a democratic, market-based economy. The distribution of land related resources and the definition of rights and responsibility over them is of fundamental importance to Cambodia's development as well as establishing rational and efficient land use planning. The chaos that is Cambodian land management is a major obstacle to national development. Few have titles to the land they live on or farm, and the powerful frequently lay claim legally or illegally to the vast swaths of land. No reliable system exists to mediate these disputes. Facing these land issues, objectives of the preparation of the land management in Cambodia is to reduce poverty, prevent land anarchy and promote equitable, efficient land use through sustainable and rational land use planning. Therefore, reforming the land sector in Cambodia is one of the corner stones of the state reform program and for sustainable development of the country. In this context, most of all, this paper focuses on looking more closely at the problems of land disputes and present in Cambodia. secondly, it aims at suggesting the directions for strategic alternatives for establishing desirable land management system and participatory land use planning in Cambodia. Furthermore, this paper is for providing a schematic basic framework and vision for land policy in Cambodia. In looking ahead, this is intended to approach the desirable strategy of the Cambodian land Policy.

都市生活圈의 槪念考察과 計劃模型 設定에 關한 硏究 : with Special Reference to Model Building of Neighborgood System in Korea

高秉浩 淸州大學校 1983 論文集 Vol.16 No.1

Recently the urban societies have changed marvellously with the modernization and rapid urban growth throughout the world. Especially the urban society in Korea has faced many constraints and thresholds in reaching a well-balanced community life at an independently self-sufficient level. Any place in modern urban societies we can easily find the urban pathology, the degeneration of living environment, personal disorganization, lacking in community facilities and many kinds of encountered problems. Recognizing these crises, more recently the neighborhood unit concept has reemerged as a possible answer to that problems and conceived as an effective mean to revitalize the urban society which has been degenerated, in Korea as well as in any other countries. The neighborhood unit concept derives its origin from "the Neighborhood Unit Formula" written by Clarence Arthur Perry in the Regional Survey of New York and its Environment (1929). At the early stage of that Idea, the purpose was to achieve a well-equipped environment, amenities and convenience of community life, that is to say, it showed a tendency toward a good living environment through the physicyl-oriented planning. But these days the term neighborhood has been widely, various and often inconsistently used both in physical planning and in sociology. At times it seems to refer to an area having certain physical properties, at times to an area in which a set of human activties or relationships occur. And so we can state the neighborhood unit is defined as `a distinct territorial group', distinct by virtue of the specific physical characteristics of the area and the specific social characteristics of its inhabitants. And now, it appears that neighborhood plays important role of planning unit of community development. However, in spite of realizing the importance of neighborhood unit concept in community level development planning, the methologies and planning criteria of neighborhood unit planning have not evolved and agreed, and now planners and officials are sometimes puzzled about how to cope with encountered problems at community level and to take planning criteia. Certainly it seems that there are several problems in the neighborhood unit planning, and therefore this study is aimed at establishing the planning paradigm of neighborhood unit development, in more detail, finding the proper size of neighborhood, systematizing the neighborhood unit hierarchical structure, and formulating the methodologies in catching hold of neighborhood boundaries and planning paractice. In this context, it is proposed that this study put heavy emphasis on the systematic framework of planning paradigm as well as a retrospective review on the neighborhood unit concept, especially in Korea. Five steps will be followed in turn for this study. (1) retrospective review on the neighborhood concept. (2) theoretical approach to the development of neighborhood planning in western countries. (3) identification of the boundaries of existing neighborhood. (4) basic thinking for establishing neighborhood planning paradigm. ㆍ to identify the boundaries of existing neighborhood. ㆍ to divide and systematize the neighborhood unit hierarchy. ㆍ catching hold of community facilities and setting the systematic facilities hierarchy for improving utility. ㆍ to identify social elements to revitalizing social function. (5) establishing of neighborhood planning model.

새마을 運動과 忠北地域 開發

高秉浩 청주대학교 새마을연구소 1988 새마을硏究論文集 Vol.5 No.-

Looking back upon the Saemaul Undong, even since it began in the year 1970, it has been developed more p.werfully with the slogan of diligence, self-help and cooperation throughout the country. As the result, most of villages have accomplished improved life environments, increased income and transformation in the attitude and values of inhabitants. However, in spite of the Saemaul Undongs achievements, the movement has faced to many kinds of problems about the time of 1980's. The important reasons are as follows: the lack of new methodologies to expand and revitalize the movement, routinized patterns of development project, making political capital of the movement, the limit of village-level development and the deficiency of countermeasures to cope with newly emerging national environment. Therefore, A need has arisen for a change in the Saemaul Undong. One of the most important anticipated changes is relative to the regional development, that is to say, a need for an area-wide development in the Saemaul Undong has became powerful. Especially, in the case of the chungbuk region, this region has been alienated form development and so most of the Chungbuk region have fallen behind. The Saemaul Undong in this region is also of no use to develop it In this context, the Saemaul Undong should be changed toward inducing a new methodologies and strategies to improve the Chungbuk region, the most appropriate mothod is an integrated development in the regional dimension beyond the village-level development, namely an area-wide development. Therefore, A need has arisen for a Change in the aspect of spatial linkage. A single village was discovered to be rather small and inappropriate to be developed as a self-sufficient, growing and independent regional unit, as a consequence, the necessity to link the Saemaul Undong to the regional development is recognized. And then, how the regional developement through the Saemaul Undong in the Chungbuk region could be achieved? First of all, it is necessary to expand a teritorial development at a micro-level development through growing an area-wide developement of the Saemaul Undong. For the purposes, some strategies and methodologies are suggested in this paper as follows : (1) At first, it is important that in the aspect of spatial development the Saemaul Undong should be aims at combining several homogeneous villages with close interregional ties into a single integrated development region. (2) It is necessary to transform the village-oriented approach into a regional-leved approach. (3) Considering the scale-economise, the scale of development projects and the boundary of the saemaul Undong must be expand. Especially, a micro-level regional development with special reference to area-wide development in the Saemaul Undong is a proper alternative to it. In this case, it is necessary to pursue large-scale projects in need of scale-economies in the construction of public facilities and agricultural industrialization. (4) The hierarchical systematization should be established in the form of regional city, rural center, locality town, rural key settlement, rural village. In the case of the Chungbuk region, rural centers should be activated to take charge of a role in developing surrounding rural areas. (5) It is desirable that the area-wide development should be toward better promoting local autonomy and diversification, and greater potentials for self-reliance.

四種 鹿茸의 免疫學的 效能에 關한 實驗的 硏究

고병희,소경순,김성수,김달래,김광호,송일병 慶熙大學校 1990 論文集 Vol.19 No.-

In order to investigate the effect of 4 kinds of antlers of Cervus elaphus xanthophgus(CEX), Cervus Elaphus dyboskii(CED), Rangifer tartandus articus(RTA) and Cervus nippon manthohurcus(CNM) on immune response and natural killer cell activity(NKCA), the author performed this experimental study. Delayed type hypersensitivity(DTH) and Rosette forming cells(RFC) for cell-mediated immune response, hemagglutin(HA) titers, hemolysin(HL) titers for humoral immune response, carbon clearance for phagocytic function of MPS(mononeuclear phagocyte system), and splenic natural killer cell activity(NKCA) were measured in ICR mice. The results were summarized as follows ; 1. DTH in all of the treated group was increased, as compared with the control group, with statistical significance. 2. RFC in all oof the treated group was increased, as compared with the control group, with statistical significance except for CEX and CED treated group. 3. HA titers increased in all of the treated group as compared with the control group, with statistical significance except for CEX and CNM treated group. 4. HL titers increased in all of the treated group as compared with the control group, but the statistical significance was showed only in case of CNM treated group. 5. Carbon clearance was increased in all of the treated group with the statistical significance. 6. NKCA was increased in all of the treated group with statistical significance except RTA treated group. 7. Through this experimental study in ICR mice, these findings suggest that CEX, CED, RRA and CNM generally enhence both cell-mediated and humoral immune response, phagocytic function of MPS andNKCA except CEX in humoral immune response and RTA in NKCA.

都市 새마을運動의 發展沮害要因과 活力化 方案

高秉浩 청주대학교 1987 한국사회과학연구 Vol.6 No.-

This study was undertaken to help improve the activation of Urban Saemaul Undong, and analize the negative factors and obstacles in pursuit of developing the Urban Saemaul Undong. The activation of urban Saemaul Undong is considered a significant goal in the light of the assumption of rapid urbanization and its negative phenomena. Especially, we are faced with the retrogression of Saemaul Undong since the first part of 1980s, And so, it is proposed that this study put emphasis on the urban community development through the activation of Urban Saemaul Undong. Therefore strategies and policies to develop urban Saemaul Undong in the aspects of spiritual, social, physical and institutional improvement are suggested.

철근콘크리트 보에서 전단철근이 휨내력에 미치는 영향

고유신,기진호,김병호,은희창,서일교 濟州大學校 産業技術硏究所 2000 산업기술연구소논문집 Vol.11 No.2