http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
윤하정 ( Ha Jung Yun ),김지선 ( Ji Sun Kim ),이윤선 ( Yoon Sun Lee ),김재준 ( Jae Jun Kim ) 한국건축시공학회 2012 한국건축시공학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.12 No.2
After the introduction of CM(construction management) for improving productability in construction industry, the CM market was shown to actively grow shape until 2007 but suddenly appears passive movement of the market after in 2008. However, on one hand, the CM corporations has increased, because the construction supervision market come to the CM market area by reduction their work place. Because of this, it was discussed that will intensify competition between companies in the CM market. Therefore, this paper want to analyze to status of the CM market structure for studying about the CM industry status and change during last 3 years. As a result, by decreasing the Market concentration, the CM market competition rate did not too high with business despite that CM market downsize and has been increased the number of companies.
혈청학적 분석을 통한 돼지 생식기호흡기증후군의 농장단위 감염유형
박최규,윤하정,이창희,정병열,이경기,김현수,Park, Choi-Kyu,Yoon, Ha-Chung,Lee, Chang-Hee,Jung, Byeong-Yeal,Lee, Kyoung-Ki,Kim, Hyun-Soo 대한수의학회 2008 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.48 No.1
Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) is the most economically important viral infectious disease in pig populations worldwide. This study was conducted to better understand the epidemic and dynamics of PRRS virus (PRRSV) on each farm and to evaluate the risk of PRRSV infection in Korea. Interviews with pig farmers were carried out to obtain PRRS vaccination programmes in 60 pig farms throughout Korea. Blood samples were also collected from the 59 pig farms to investigate outbreak patterns of each farm. Vaccination against PRRS was performed in 16.7% farms for breeding pigs and 8.3% of farms for nursery pigs. According to the seroepidemiological analysis, 56 (94.9%) out of 59 farms were considered to be affected by PRRSV infection. The results revealed that 68.9% of sows tested were seroconverted and interestingly, gilt herds had the highest seropositive rate (73%), suggesting that gilts may play a key role in PRRSV transmission in sow herds. Among the PRRS-affected piglet herds, 33 (55.9%), 14 (23.7%) and 6 (10.2%) farms were initially infected with PRRSV during the weaning, suckling and nursery period, respectively. It seems likely, therefore, that PRRSV infection predominantly occurs around the weaning period in piglet herds. Based on antibody seroprevalence levels in both sow and piglet groups, we were able to classify patterns of PRRSV infection per farm unit into 4 categories; category 1 (stable sow groups and non-infected piglet groups), category 2 (unstable sow groups and non-infected piglet groups), category 3 (stable sow groups and infected piglet groups), and category 4 (unstable sow groups and infected piglet groups). Our data suggested that 43 (72.9%) farms were analysed to belong to category 4, which is considered to be at high-risk for PRRS outbreak. Taken together, our information from this study will provide insight into the establishment of an effective control strategy for PRRS on the field.
김하영,변재원,신동호,김형순,윤하정,박최규,이오수,정병열,Kim, Ha-Young,Byun, Jae-Won,Shin, Dong-Ho,Kim, Hyoung-Soon,Yoon, Hachung,Park, Choi-Kyu,Lee, O-Soo,Jung, Byeong Yeal 대한수의학회 2010 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.50 No.2
Bacterial contamination is an unavoidable finding of the semen collection process in boar and can lead in deleterious effects on semen quality and longevity if left uncontrolled. The purpose of this study is to identify the bacteria in extended boar semen and to select the effective antimicrobials to control of the contaminants. Of 116 extended boar semen samples submitted from eight AI centers in Korea, 39 (33.6%) samples were positive for bacterial contamination. Among 39 contaminated semen, most of them (84.6%) were contaminated with one or two bacterial species and there was no significant difference between two age groups $(\leq\;24\;and\;>\;24\;month\;old).$ Stenotrophomonas maltophilia (n = 18) was the most predominant bacterium followed by Elizabethkingia meningoseptica (n = 12), Sphingomonas paucimobilis (n = 12), Myroides spp. (n = 5), Ochrobactrum anthropi (n = 3), and so on. Enrofloxacin (72.9%), florfenicol (72.9%), bacitracin (49.2%) and tylosin (49.2%) showed higher sensitivity compared with penicillin (13.6%) or aminoglycosides (6.8%-18.6%). Brucella spp., Leptospira spp., Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae, Mycoplasma hyorhinis, Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex were not detected in semen by PCR.
가열 햄 및 소시지류 제조공장에서 식중독 세균에 대한 오염 분석
박현정,고은경,위성환,윤하정,허은정,김영조,이희수,문진산,Park, Hyun-Jung,Go, Eun-Kyung,Wee, Sung-Hwan,Yoon, Ha-Chung,Heo, Eun-Jeong,Kim, Young-Jo,Lee, Hee-Soo,Moon, Jin-San 한국축산식품학회 2012 한국축산식품학회지 Vol.32 No.1
현재 국내 일부 햄과 소시지류 제조공장에서 식중독 세균에 대한 제어방안으로서 1차 가열살균 이후 제품포장 단계에서 2차 가열살균을 추가적으로 실시하고 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 2010년 2월부터 11월까지 국내 10개 육가공제조회사에서 햄류 53개 품목과 소시지류 37개 품목의 동일 롯트에서 1차 가열 시료와 2차 가열까지 실시한 시료를 각각 6개씩 채취하여 축산물의 가공기준 및 성분규격에 따라 Salmonella spp., S. aureus, L. monocytogenes 및 C. perfringens 식중독 세균 오염 여부를 조사하였다. 햄과 소시지류 총 1,080건에 대한 검사 결과 S. aureus는 2개 제조회사에서 생산한 햄 4개 시료에서 검출되었으며, 그 중 3건은 1차 가열제품에서 나머지 1건은 2차 가열살균까지 처리한 제품에서 검출되었다. L. monocytogenes는 5개 제조회사에서 햄류 4건, 소시지류 8건을 포함하여 총 12건이 검출되었으며, 그 중 7건은 1차 가열 처리한 제품에서, 나머지 5건은 2차 가열까지 처리한 제품에서 각각 검출되었다. C. perfringens는 3개 제조회사의 햄류 1건과 소시지류 2건에서 검출되었으며, 1차 가열만 한 제품에서 1건, 2차 가열까지 한 제품에서 2건이 각각 검출되었다. 이에 반하여 Salmonella spp.는 한 건도 검출되지 않았다. 1차 가열살균 제품과 1차와 2차 가열살균 과정을 모두 처리했을 때를 비교하면 3가지 식중독 세균의 검출률에 있어서 차이가 없는 것으로 분석되었다(p<0.05). 또한, 제조 회사의 햄과 소시지류에서 분리한 L. monocytogenes 균주를 대상으로 유전적 다양성을 조사하기 위하여 PFGE를 실시한 바, 동일 가공장에서 분리된 균주들간 80% 이상의 높은 상동성을 가진 것으로 조사되었다. 이러한 결과에 비추어 볼 때 햄 및 소시지류 제조회사에서 식중독 세균의 제어를 위해서는 원료 및 제조단계에서부터 가공 과정에서의 교차 오염을 예방하기 위한 적절한 위생관리와 철저한 모니터링을 통하여 체계적인 식중독 세균에 대한 위생관리를 완성하여야 할 것으로 판단된다. This study was carried out to examine foodborne pathogenic contamination from 1,080 samples of cooked hams and sausages at 10 Korean processing facilities in 2010. The samples were collected from the six primary and additional sterilization products in same lot. To detect Salmonella spp., Staphylococcus aureus, Listeria monocytogenes and Clostridium perfringens in those products (n=1,080), the domestic standard method for Processing and Ingredients Specification of Livestock Products was used. As a result, Salmonella spp. was not detected in all 636 ham and 444 sausage samples. However, L. monocytogenes was detected in four (0.6%) ham and eight (1.8%) sausage samples from five manufactures. S. aureus was also only detected in 4 (0.6%) ham samples from two manufacturers, and C. perfringens was detected in 3 (0.5%) ham samples from three manufacturers, the contamination levels of these pathogens were less than 100 CFU/g. In conclusion, the results of this study indicate that the additional sterilization step of processing manufacturers could not assist to control the foodborne pathogenic bacteria.
축산물가공품에서 대장균군수 측정 표준검사법과 TEMPO(R) CC 자동화장비와의 비교 분석
김영조 ( Young Jo Kim ),위성환 ( Sung Hwan Wee ),윤하정 ( Ha Jung Yoon ),허은정 ( Eun Jeong Heo ),박현정 ( Hyun Jung Park ),김지호 ( Ji Ho Kim ),문진산 ( Jin San Moon ) 한국예방수의학회(구 한국수의공중보건학회) 2011 예방수의학회지 Vol.35 No.2
To evaluate the performance of a new automated coliform enumeration system (TEMPO(R) CC) for the quantitative test of coliform bacteria contaminated in domestic livestock processed foods, a total of 507 samples of livestock foods were tested by the TEMPO(R) CC method, the most probable number (MPN) method, and Petrifilm method, respectively. The results of those three methods were compared to each other. Of 507 samples of livestock processed foods used in this study, 217 samples were contaminated artificially with coliform bacteria and the rest (n=290) were contaminated naturally. The results of the TEMPO(R) CC method for all samples were equivalent to those obtained from the MPN method, except 8 samples. In addition, 496 (97.8%) out of 507 samples made agreement between the TEMPO(R) CC method and the Petrifilm method. The correlation coefficients between TEMPO(R) CC and MPN methods as well as between TEMPO(R) CC method and Petrifilm method were above 0.9, and the slope and intercept of the linear regression model was different in less than 1 value. In conclusion, there were statistically equivalent levels of performance between the TEMPO(R) CC and the reference and alternative methods for the enumeration of coliform bacteria in livestock processed foods in this study.
2010년 1월 한국에서의 구제역 유입 및 전파 요인에 관한 역학적 특성
이용주 ( Yong Ju Lee ),신만섭 ( Man Sub Shin ),윤하정 ( Ha Chung Yoon ),장우석 ( Woo Seok Chang ),황성철 ( Sung Chul Hwang ),김연주 ( Youn Ju Kim ),정지원 ( Ji Won Jung ),이상진 ( Sang Jin Lee ) 한국수의공중보건학회 2010 예방수의학회지 Vol.34 No.3
This paper describes an investigation of an outbreak of foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) in Republic of Korea in January 2010. In this paper, we investigated introduction to the index farm from overseas countries, transmission from index farm to other outbreak farms. The introduction factors were divided direct, indirect factors or airborne spread factor. Based on the epidemiological data, clinical information and other data, in these introduction factors, it was likely that outbreak of FMD in index farm was due to international goods or employees from overseas countries (including China). There were other suggested causes in index farm. But it was less likely that outbreak of FMD in index farm have occurred by other causes. The transmission factors from index farm to other farms were also divided direct, indirect factors or airborne spread factor. In these transmission factors it was possible to make assumptions from index farm to other outbreak farms that the FMD virus was transmitted through animal treatment, persons concerned and persons (who were) attended farmers` assembly.