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손덕현,이창구 대한전기학회 2001 전기학회논문지 D Vol.52 No.3
Factors leading to poor control of the steam generator in a nuclear power plant are nonminimum phase characteristics, unreliable of flow measurements and nonlinear characteristics, which increase more at low power(below 20%) operation. And the study of problems for water level control in the steam generator is that design water level controller only power renge, not entire. This paper introduces a model predictive control(MPC) algorithm for solving poor control factors and quadratic programming(QP) for solving input constraints. Also presents the design method of stable model predictive controller in the entire power range. The simulation results show the efficiency of proposed MPC controller by comparing with PI controller, and effect of the design parameters.
요양병원에 입원한 노인 만성기 뇌경색 환자의 말초 동맥 질환 유병률 및 위험 인자
김범준,강재훈,손덕현 대한노인병학회 2012 Annals of geriatric medicine and research Vol.16 No.1
Background: Peripheral artery disease (PAD), which is caused by atherosclerosis of the peripheral vessels, is a progressive disease, especially in patients with many vascular risk factors. The aim of this study is to investigate the prevalence and risk factors of PAD in elderly chronic stage ischemic stroke patients in Korea. Methods: Ninety-six elderly patients (≥60 years) admitted to a local geriatric hospital with ischemic stroke in the chronic stage (mean duration of stroke, 590 days) were included in this study. Vascular risk profiles, routine blood tests, severity of stroke and ankle-brachial index (ABI) were measured. Results: Of the 96 patients, 55 (57.3%) had PAD (ABI<0.9) of which 6 patients (6.3%) had severe PAD (ABI<0.5) and 22patients (22.9%) had bilateral PAD. PAD was more frequently observed in patients with diabetes (65% vs. 15%, p=0.001), hypercholesterolemia (65% vs. 15%, p<0.001), previous history of coronary artery disease (CAD) (25% vs. 5%, p=0.01) and recurrent ischemic stroke (36% vs. 12%, p=0.01). The means of the total cholesterol and blood urea nitrogen were higher in patients with PAD. From the results of the binary logistic regression analysis, presence of diabetes (odds ratio [OR], 4.740; p=0.026), hypercholesterolemia (OR, 18.991; p<0.001), previous history of CAD (OR, 7.579; p=0.038) and lower Korean version of Modified Barthel Index (OR, 0.971; p=0.009) were independent risk factors for PAD. Conclusion: PAD is frequently observed in elderly patients with chronic ischemic stroke. Measuring ABI to diagnose PAD and controlling risk factors may be beneficial in these patients seen at geriatric hospitals and centers. 연구배경: 말초 동맥 질환(peripheral artery disease, PAD)은죽상동맥경화증에 의해 말초 혈관, 특히 하지의 동맥을 침범하여 발생하는 질환이다. 이는 특히, 혈관 질환의 위험 인자가많은 노인에게서 흔하며, 뇌경색 환자에서 뇌경색의 재발이나예후와 관련이 있다. 본 연구는 요양병원에 입원한 노인 만성기 뇌경색 환자들에게서 PAD의 유병률과 위험 인자를 알아보고자 하였다. 방법: 지역의 일개 요양병원에 입원한 96명의 60세 이상노인 만성기(뇌경색 발병 후 평균 590일) 뇌경색 환자들을대상으로 혈관 질환의 위험 인자, 뇌졸중의 중증도, 혈액 검사, 발목상완지수(ankle brachial index, ABI)를 측정하였다. 결과: 노인 만성기 뇌경색 환자 96명 중 55명(57.3%)의환자에서 말초 동맥 질환(ABI<0.9)이 관찰되었다. 이 중 19명(19.8%)에서 중등도의 PAD(0.5≤ABI<0.8)가, 6명(6.3%)에서 중증 PAD(ABI<0.5)가 관찰되었으며, 양측 하지에서 관찰된 환자는 22명(22.9%)이었다. 이분형 로지스틱 회기 분석결과 당뇨(odds ratio [OR], 4.740; p=0.026), 고지혈증(OR, 18.991; p<0.001), 관상동맥 질환의 과거력(OR, 7.579; p=0.038), 낮은 한국형 수정바델지수(OR, 0.971; p=0.009)가PAD의 독립적인 위험 인자로 관찰되었다. 결론: PAD는 만성기 뇌경색 환자에게서 자주 동반 이환되는 질병이다. 따라서 혈관 질환에 대한 위험 인자가 많은노인 환자들이 많이 입원하는 요양병원의 경우, 간편하게측정할 수 있는 발목상완지수를 통해 PAD의 동반 이환을진단하고, 이러한 환자들에게 있어 혈관 질환 위험 인자를조절하는 것은 노인 만성기 뇌경색 환자들에게 도움이 될것으로 생각된다.
김동수,김용기,박인철,손덕현,이일두,정희,차광수,강필중,이정유 대한내과학회 1990 대한내과학회지 Vol.39 No.5
Rhinocerebral mucormycosis is a serious and commonly fatal fungal infection. The causative organism. ordinarily a saprophyte, becomes pathogenic in person who are made susceptible by coexisting. debilitating disease such as diabetic ketoacidosis and immunosup-pressed condition. We report a well-documented case of rhinocerebral mucormycosis in not controlled diabetic woman, Her condition rapidly deteriorated. The diagnosis was con- firmed by demonstration of the characteristic broad, branching, nonseptate hyphae by histopathology. And the mucormycete Rhizopus was isolated from the infected tissue culture.