'근본주의적 생태주의'에 대한 비판적 분석

김진석(Jin Sok Kim) 철학연구회 2012 哲學硏究 Vol.0 No.99

This article deals with ``ecological fundamentalism``, or ``fundamentalistic``Ecology. It can be a kind of ``Deep Ecology``, which considered the concept of sustainable development not satisfying and shallow, so rejected it. Of course, there are different and diverse types and dimensions of Deep Ecology. Deep Ecology focuses relatively on philosophical thoughts. In comparison to it, Fundamentalistc Ecology reaches political-economical terrains. The specific subject of this paper is a ecological fundamentalism which is represented by korean thinker Jong-Chul Kim. The radical characteristics of his ecological fundamentalism are these: First, it rejects every kind of development. Its assertion is therefore absolute incompatibility of development and ecology. Second, it tends to substantialize and mystify the natural order. And, the only lifestyle corresponding to this order seems to be agriculture, which, in its nature, would be cultivated by independent and mutually benefiting grassroots farmers. But this kind of farm romanticism is not only ideal, but can also be a part of eco-fascism(This doesn`t mean yet that Kim`s fundamentalism itself is politically fascism). Third, the``grassroots people``, which are the subjects of ecological fundamentalism,are lacking concrete and historical reality. But, despite some straight critics against ecological fundamentalism, this paper does not support conveniently the perspective of suitable development. Sure, this perspective cannot stand any more self-sufficiently.

Superoxide Dismutase와 Ascorbate Peroxidase가 엽록체내로 동시에 과대발현된 형질전환 담배의 제초제들에 대한 항산화 반응

김진석,이병회,권석윤,김윤희,김소희,조광연,Kim Jin-Seog,Lee Byung-Hoi,Kwon Suk-Yoon,Kim Yun-Hee,Kim So-Hee,Cho Kwang-Yun 한국식물생명공학회 2005 식물생명공학회지 Vol.32 No.2

Superoxide dismutase와 ascorbate peroxidase가 동시에 과대발현된 담배(CA)를 가지고 여러 제초제들에 대한 항산화 반응을 조사하였다. 온실조건 실험에서, CA 담배는 PSI 저해제로 알려진 paraquat처리에 대해서 내성이 인정되었고 그 정도는 40% 내외였다. PS II 저해제 (bromoxynil, diuron, bromacil), 엽록소 생합성 저해제 (oxyfluorfen), 카로티노이드 생합성 저해제 (fluridone)와 EPSP synthase 저해제 (glyphosate) 처리에서는 CA와 wild type간의 반응차이가 관찰되지 않았다. Paraquat와 diuron을 이용한 약광 조건의 실험에서도 온실조건의 실험결과와 유사한 정도로 paraquat처리에 대해서만 내성을 나타내었다. 온실조건에서의 엽위별 반응의 경우, 6 - 9 엽기 식물체에 paraquat를 처리하였을 때, 약제처리 당시 위로부터 3 - 4번째 전개되고 있었던 잎이 상대적으로 내성 정도가 높게 나타났다. 한편 paraquat 처리 시에 여러 농도의 ascorbic acid를 혼합할 경우, CA와 wild type 모두에서 비슷한 정도로 paraquat 활성을 경감시켰다. 결론적으로, CuZnSOD/APX의 과대발현은 photosystem I 에서 발생되는 산화스트레스에 대해서만 주로 작용하며, 다른 제초제들에 의해 발생되는 산화적 스트레스에 대해서는 소거 능력이 부족한 것으로 판단되었다. Antioxidative responses of transgenic tobacco plants expressing both superoxide dismutase (SOD) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) in chloroplasts was investigated with several herbicides. In greenhouse test, tolerance of SOD/APX-overexpressed tobacco (CA) to photosystem (PS) I inhibitor paraquat was increased by about 40%. However, any response differences between CA and wild type (WT) tobacco was not observed in a treatment with PS II inhibitors (bromoxynil, diuron and bromacil), chlorophyll biosynthesis inhibitor(oxyfluorfen), carotenoid biosynthesis inhibitor (fluridone) and 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate (EPSP) synthase inhibitor (glyphosate). This tendency was also similar in the growth chamber test of low light intensity, using paraquat and diuron. That is, increased antioxidant activity of CA was shown only in paraquat treatment. When paraquat was foliar-treated to 6 to 9-leaf stage plant, the third to fourth placed leaf from shoot tip showed relatively higher antioxidant activity. Ascorbate supplemented to paraquat solution alleviated the phytotoxicity with a similar range in both CA and WT. In conclusion, CA specifically responded to oxidative stress induced by paraquat among tested herbicides in a whole plant assay.

과기현장의 목소리 - 기초원천기술과 중소기업 기술지원 정책 마련하자

김진석,Kim, Jin-Seok 한국과학기술단체총연합회 2009 과학과 기술 Vol.42 No.3

우리나라의 석유개발 현황과 향후과제

김진석,Kim, Jin-Seok 한국에너지협의회 2005 에너지協議會報 Vol.74 No.-

The effects of selenium on fetal growth and development in CD-1 mice exposed with mercury for the gestation period

김진석,이상목,최석화,이원창,Kim, Jin-suk,Lee, Sang-mok,Choi, Seok-wha,Lee, Won-chang The Korean Society of Veterinary Science 1994 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.34 No.2

기형발생을 나타내는 수은의 독성에 대하여는 이미 보고된 바 있으나 임신중에 폭로된 수은의 독작용을 완화시키거나 치료할 수 있는 제재들에 대하여는 별로 알려진 바가 없다. 수은에 대한 셀레늄의 치료적인 상호작용에 대하여는 이미 보고된바 있으나 태아에 대한 효과를 평가하기 위하여 이 연구는 임신한 CD-1마우스에 20ppm 농도의 유기수은을 음수를 통하여 투여한후 동시에 sodium selenite(체중 kg당 0.1mg, 0.2mg, 0.3mg, 피하주사) 또는 BAL(체중 kg당 5.0mg, 피하주사)을 임신 6일째부터 15일 사이에 단독 또는 병용 투여한 후 임신 18일째에 제왕절개술을 실시하였다. 수은단독 투여군에서는 태아의 체중 및 두부-둔부의 길이 그리고 태반의 무게가 투여를 하지 않은 대조군에 비하여 유의성있게 감소하였고 태아의 사망/재흡수 발생과 기형발생(특히 구개열)이 현저히 증가하였다. 셀레늄과 BAL의 단독 또는 병용투여는 수은에 의하여 발생된 태아에 대한 독작용을 억제하거나 감소시키고 기형발생 역시 유의성있게 감소시켰으나 투여용량 그리고 투여계획과는 특이한 상관관계가 발견되지 않았다. 모체의 수은중독 결과로 보이는 모체의 음수, 사료섭취량과 모체의 상대적 기관(간장, 신장, 비장) 무게의 감소도 셀레늄과 BAL의 투여로 증가되었다. 이 연구 결과는 세레늄을 단독 또는 BAL과 같은 기존치료제와 함께 투여할 경우 수은에 의한 기형발생이나 모체의 아급성 중독 증세를 감소시키거나 완화시킬수 있는 효과가 있음을 보여주고 있다. Teratogenic and embryotoxic effects of mercury have been reported, however, there is little information about possible antidotes against mercury exposure during gestation. In order to evaluate therapeutic effects of selenium as an antidote against mercury poisoning, pregnant CD-1 mice were exposed to methylmercury chloride(20ppm) through the drinking water with treatment of sodium selenite (1.0mg, 2.0mg or 3.0mg/kg b.w., subcutaneously) or BAL(5.0mg/kg b.w., subcutaneously) under the single or combination base as the therapeutic agents from day 6 to 15 of gestation. Fetal growth parameters such as body weight and crown-rump length in the mice exposed to mercury, were reduced as was placental weight compared to those in the control. Treatment of selenium(alone, combination with BAL) reduced the harmful effects induced by mercury on the fetal growth parameters even though no specific relationship between dose and therapeutic effect. The incidence of dead fetuses/resorptions and malformed fetuses(especially cleft palate) was also increased in the mercury only treated group. Selenium treatment demonostrated reduced the incidence of abnormal fetuses under the exposure of mercury. Relative maternal organ weights(liver, kidney, spleen) were increased significantly but relative brain weight was decreased as evidenced by decreased in the mercury treated mice compared to that in the control. A subtle indication of maternal mercury toxicity evidenced by changes of relative maternal organ weights, decreased water and feed consumption were also prevented efficiently by selenium treatment. The present study suggests that methylmercuric chloride is embrytoxic and teratogenic in CD-1 mice when exposured during organogenesis and that selenium administration may have therapeutic application for the treatment of mercury poisoning although more applicable study in human should be performed with caution in the future.

소결조제가 (1-x)CaT$iO_{3}$-xLa($Zn_{1}$2/$Ti_{1}$2/)$O_{3}$계의 소결 및 마이크로파 유전특성에 미치는 영향

김진석,윤철호,최주현,이경태,신종윤,박현수,문종하,Kim, Jin-Seok,Yun, Cheol-Ho,Choe, Ju-Hyeon,Lee, Gyeong-Tae,Sin, Jong-Yun,Park, Hyeon-Su,Mun, Jong-Ha 한국재료학회 1997 한국재료학회지 Vol.7 No.10

(1-x)CaTi $O_{3}$-xLa(Z $n_{1}$2/ $Ti_{1}$2/) $O_{3}$의 마이크로 유전특성을 조사하였다. x가 증가함에 따라 비유전율과 공진주파수의 온도계수는 감소하였으며, Qㆍ $f_{0}$는 증가하였다. 그 결과 x=0.5인 (C $a_{0.5}$L $a_{0.5}$)( $Ti_{0.75}$Z $n_{0.25}$) $O_{3}$의 조성에서 $\varepsilon$$_{r}$=51, Qㆍ $f_{0}$=38,000 (at 7 GHz), $\tau$$_{f}$=+5ppm/$^{\circ}C$의 유전특성이 나타났다. (C $a_{0.5}$L $a_{0.5}$)( $Ti_{0.75}$Z $n_{0.25}$) $O_{3}$조성의 소결온도를 저하시키기 위하여 B $i_{2}$ $O_{3}$를 주조성으로한 소결체를 첨가하여 소결 및 유전특성을 조사하였다. 1wt% 0.76B $i_{2}$ $O_{3}$-0.24NiO가 첨가된 경우 소결온도는 15$0^{\circ}C$ 낮아졌으며, 비유전율 ($\varepsilon$$_{r}$), 공진주파수의 온도계수($\tau$$_{f}$), Qㆍ $f_{0}$가 각각 50+5ppm/$^{\circ}C$, 35,000인 마이크로파 유전특성이 얻어졌다. 또한 3wt%의 0.76B $i_{2}$ $O_{3}$-0.24NiO가 첨가된 경우 소결온도는 20$0^{\circ}C$ 저하되었고, 비유전율 ($\varepsilon$$_{r}$)과 공진주파수의 온도계수 ($\tau$$_{f}$)는 변하기 않았으나, Qㆍ $f_{0}$값이 38,000에서 25,000으로 저하되었다. 25,000으로 저하되었다.되었다.되었다.되었다.

Glyphosate에 대한 옥수수 반응의 개선된 검정방법

김진석,이병회,김소희,민석기,최정섭,Kim, Jin-Seog,Lee, Byung-Hoi,Kim, So-Hee,Min, Suk-Ki,Choi, Jung-Sup 한국식물생명공학회 2006 식물생명공학회지 Vol.33 No.1

본 연구에서는 옥수수를 대상으로 glyphosate에 대한 여러 가지 생리적 반응을 검토한 후, glyphosate 저항성 평가에 활용될 수 있는 보다 개선된 방법 두 가지를 확립하였다. 한 가지 방법은 옥수수 제3엽 상단에 약제를 국소 처리한 다음, 처리 후 3일째에 약제처리 되지 않았던 제4엽의 신장 정도를 조사하는 것이다 (전식물체-엽생장 검정). 이 경우 glyphosate $50-1,600{\mu}g/mL$ 범위에서 농도가 증가됨에 따라 엽 생장이 억제되었으며, $1,600{\mu}g/mL$ 농도에서의 생장 억제율은 무처리 대비 55.5%였다. 다른 한 가지 방법은 옥수수 제3본엽의 엽절편 ($4{\times}4mm$) 4개씩을 $200{\mu}L$의 시험용액이 담긴 48 well plate에 치상한 후 $25^{\circ}C$ 연속 명조건에 24시간동안 배양하여 shikimate 축적량을 조사하는 것이다 (엽절편-shikimate 축적 검정). 이 경우 시험용액에 0.33% sucrose를 가하면 무첨가에 비해 약3-4배 정도의 shikimate 축적 증가가 관찰되었고 glyphosate $2-8{\mu}g/mL$ 농도범위에서 직선적 증가반응을 나타내어 기존방법 (Shaner et al. 2005)보다 개선된 특징을 보였다. 본 방법들은 glyphosate 저항성 옥수수를 창출할 때 또는 저항성 유전자의 타 식물로의 이동여부와 잡초화된 저항성 옥수수 존재여부를 감별하는데 활용될 수 있을 것이다. 이 때 glyphosate에 대한 저항성 원인이 작용점 EPSPS와 관련이 있는 경우에는 "엽절편-shikimate 축적 검정"이 가장 바람직하고, 저항성 원인이 체내이행 감소 때문일 경우에는 "전식물체-엽생장 검정" 수행이 필요하다. Several methods for determining the response of corn to glyphosate were investigated to provide a fast and reliable method for identifying glyphosate-resistant corn in vivo. Two bioassays were developed. One assay is named 'whole plant / leaf growth assay', in which the herbicide glyphosate is applied on the upper part of 3rd leaf and the growth of herbicide-untreated 4th leaf is measured at 3 day after treatment. in this assay, the leaf growth of conventional corn was inhibited in a dose dependent from 50 to $1600{\mu}g/mL$ of glyphosate and growth inhibition at $1600{\mu}g/mL$ was 55% of untreated control. The assay has the potential to be used especially in the case that the primary cause of glyphosate resistance is related with a reduction of the herbicide translocation. Another assay is named 'leaf segment / shikimate accumulation assay', in which the four excised leaf segments ($4{\times}4mm$) are placed in each well of a 48-well microtiter plate containing $200{\mu}L$ test solution and the amount of shikimate is determined after incubation for 24 h in continuous light at $25^{\circ}C$. In this assay, 0.33% sucrose added to basic test solution enhanced a shikimate accumulation by 3 to 4 times and the shikimate accumulation was linearly occurred from 2 to $8{\mu}g/mL$ of glyphosate, showing an improved response to the method described by Shaner et al. (2005). The leaf segment / shikimate accumulation assay is simple and robust and has the potential to be used as a high throughput assay in the case that the primary cause of glyphosate resistance is related with EPSPS, target site of the herbicide. Taken together, these two assays would be highly useful to initially select the lines obtained after transformation, to investigate the migration of glyphosate-resistant gene into other weeds and to detect a weedy glyphosate-resistant corn in field.

수출형 KT-1 훈련기 고/저온 환경시험절차 적합화 연구

김진석,Kim, Jin Seog 한국시스템엔지니어링학회 2020 시스템엔지니어링학술지 Vol.16 No.2

The environmental tests are one of the key branches of the reliability tests. The purpose of the high/low environmental test of KT-1 Export Version Trainer is not only based on meeting the compliance of the reliability, customer satisfaction, but also for the expansion of its export. Amongst many existing environmental tests, the high and low temperature tests are considered as the two most important tests. The tests are considered and tailored to the high and low temperature methods of MIL-STD-810H. This paper proposes the tailoring processes and the results of High/Low temperature conditions, test procedures, and test profiles for the aircraft. Additionally, this paper is described by considering the view of MIL-STD-810H.

측두하악관절과 저작근의 통증이 긴장성 두통에 미치는 영향

김진석,어규식,이진용,홍정표,전양현,Kim, Jin-Suk,Auh, Q-Schick,Lee, Jin-Yong,Hong, Jung-Pyo,Chun, Yang-Hyun 대한안면통증구강내과학회 2006 Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain Vol.31 No.4

Generally, Tension-Type Headache(TTH) patients exhibit muscle pain, but can also have TMJ pain, which includes mouth opening limitation or joint sounds. The purpose of our study is to observe the clinical pain characteristics between TTH patients with muscle pain and TMJ pain. One hundred sixty-seven patients were diagnosed with TTH according to the questionnaires based on the International Headache Society's proposal on the diagnostic criteria of TTH. The patients were classified into three group; arthralgia group (18 patients), myalgia group (50 patients) and arthromyalgia group (99 patients). TTH patients with pericranial muscle pain were classified in the myalgia group. TTH patients with temporal region pain were classified in the arthralgia group. TTH patients with both types of pain were classified in the arthromyalgia group. The parameters in the diagnostic criteria such as quality, intensity, laterality of pain, and aggravation due to physical activities were compared among the three groups. 1. There were no significant differences in the quality of pain among the three groups. 2. There were no significant differences in the intensity of pain among the three groups. 3. There were no significant differences in the laterality of pain among the three groups. 4. A higher percentage of patients in the arthromyalgia group experienced headaches that were aggravated due to physical activity (p=0.03) compared to the other groups. The results of this study show that TTH patients with both arthralgia (TMJ pain) and myalgia (pericranial muscle pain) are more aggravated by physical activity than TTH patients with either one.

비행탄두 형상 최적화를 이용한 사거리 증대 연구

김진석,Kim, Jinseok 한국시뮬레이션학회 2020 한국시뮬레이션학회 논문지 Vol.29 No.3

발사체의 사거리 증대는 중요한 성능개선 목표 중 하나이다. 일반적으로 발사체 비행탄두의 형상은 공기역학 및 구조적인 요소를 복합적으로 고려하여 선정한다. 몸체, 탄두부 및 탄미부 형상의 선정은 공기역학적 설계에 중요한 영향을 미친다. 발사체 비행탄두 형상의 주요 설계 요소는 공기역학적 항력이다. 공기역학적 항력은 발사체의 운동과 반대 방향으로 작용하는 공기역학적 힘이다. 준실험적 기법을 이용하여 탄두부, 탄미부 및 몸체 형상이 발사체의 공기역학적 특성에 미치는 영향을 분석하기 위한 연구를 수행하였다. 여러 가지 비행탄두 형상 변수에 대한 연구를 수행하였으며, 최대 사거리 성능 분석에는 탄도 모사분석 모델을 사용하였다. 발사체 비행탄두 형상 최적화를 이용한 사거리 증대 가능성을 분석하고, 형상 변수 최적화에 의한 사거리 증대 효과를 확인하였다. A goal of improving projectile is to increasing achievable range. The shape of a projectile is generally selected on the basis of combined aerodynamics and structural considerations. The choice of body, nose and boattail shape has a large effect on aerodynamic design. One of the main design factors that affect projectile configuration is aerodynamic drag. The aerodynamic drag refers to the aerodynamic force that acts opposite to the relative motion of a projectile. An investigation was made to predict the effects of nose, boattail and body shapes on the aerodynamic characteristics of projectiles using a semi-empirical technique. A parametric study is conducted which includes different projectile geometry. Performance predictions of achievable range are conducted using a trajectory simulation model. The potential of extending the range of a projectile using optimization of projectile configuration is evaluated. The maximum range increase is achieved due to the combination of optimal body shapes.