십이지장 평활근 육종 1예

김정완,김우중,이경용,임규성,최종도,조근태 대한소화기내시경학회 1988 Clinical Endoscopy Vol.8 No.2

Malignant growth of the small bowel accounts for approximately 1 to 3 percent of malignant tumors of the gastrointestinal tract. Leiomyosarcomas are the second most common primary tumor of the small bowel, their frequency being one-third to one-half of adenocarcinoma. The common clinical symptoms of leiomyosarcoma of the small intestine are hemorrhage and abdominal pain. Accurate diagnosis cannot be based on solely on the roentgenographic finding, although in certain situations the dignosis of leiomyosarcoma may be suggested strongly. We report a case of bleeding leiomyosarcoma located in the second portion of the duodenum which was first recognized by endoscopic examination and confirmed by explolaparotomy.

유전공학발명에 대한 특허법적 보호

김정완 한국기업법학회 2006 企業法硏究 Vol.20 No.3

Patent Protection of the Invention related to Genetechnology

지역생산의 역외 유출입을 반영한 재정보전금의 개편방안

김정완 한국지방재정학회 2006 한국지방재정학회 세미나자료집 Vol.2006 No.2

접경지역 남북교류거점의 입지와 개발방향

김정완,박영민,정재운 사단법인 한국평화연구학회 2018 평화학연구 Vol.19 No.4

향후 전개될 남북교류 시대를 사전에 준비하는 차원에서 접경지역 중에서 남북교류 여건이 양호한 특정권역에 남북교류거점을 조성할 필요가 있다. 중부권 접경지역은 기반시설, 지정학적 여건, 남북 거버넌스 가능성 등에 있어 다른 권역에 비해 남북교류거점으로서 유리한 여건을 내포하고 있다. 따라서 중부권 접경지역에 남북교류거점을 조성하고 이곳에 남북 접경지역관리위원회, 통일경제특구, 경원선과 금강선의 철도연결 등 남북 공동사업뿐만 아니라 유엔을 비롯한 국제기구, DMZ생태공원, DMZ평화공원 등을 입지시킬 필요가 있다. 그리고 현재 남북 긴장상태가 지속되고 있는 상황에서는 남북교류거점의 지역적 기반인 중부권 접경지역이 자체 경쟁력을 갖추도록 하기 위해서는 이곳에 속한 자치단체들이 시군통합을 통해서 수도권의 규제에서 벗어나 남북교류의 허브로서의 역량을 기르도록 해야 한다. Establishment of Interaction Base between South and North Korea(IBSNK) in the bordering Area is needed in advance to prepare for a prospective economic cooperation of the two countries. The central part of the bordering area is preferred in building IBSNK because it has advantages in infrastructure, geopolitical condition, and possibilities in establishing governance between south and north. In this part, therefore, UN organizations and DMZ peace and ecological park as well as reciprocal projects between south and north, such as, management board of the bordering area, reunification economic special complex, and relink of railroads of Gyeongwon and Geumgang line are to be founded. In the situation where military and political tension continues between south and north, in order for the central part of the bordering area, where IBSNK is to be established, to acquire its own competitive competence, the local governments located there are needed to be merged and developed to the hub of interaction between south and north in free of the land use regulation of the Capital Area.

저작권법상 패러디의 보호

김정완 전남대학교 법학연구소 2017 법학논총 Vol.37 No.3

오늘날 문학 외에 다양한 분야에서 인간의 비판적 시각을 표현하기 위한 하나의 표현기법으로서 활용되고 있는 패러디에 관해 이를 법적으로 어떻게 취급해야 할 것인지, 특히 국제적인 패러디 보호 추세 하에서 왜 저작권법상 패러디가 특별취급 받는지를 검토하였다. 패러디의 법적 개념은 문예론의 그것과 거의 일치하며, 패러디의 본질적인 목적은 원작에 대한 새로운 시각에서의 재해석에 다름 아니다. 결국 패러디란 원작을 모방하여 이를 비평・논평하되 표면적이지 않고 새로운 표현이나 의미 또는 주장을 부가한 것을 말한다. ‘모방’, ‘변형’, ‘풍자’는 패러디를 구성하는 핵심요소이다. 또한 패러디는 수용자에게 원작을 상기시켜야 하지만 그 비평적 특징 때문에 저작권자로부터 이용허락을 얻기 어렵다는 점, 통상적으로 원작이 널리 알려져 있어야 하지만 원작의 출처표시를 하기 어렵다는 특성을 지니고 있다. 패러디 인정의 법적 근거로서는 저작권자와 패러디스트 모두에게 부여된 헌법상의 기본권으로서의 표현의 자유를 조정할 필요성에 있다고 보는 것이 각국 판례・학설의 입장이다. 또한 패러디는 원작에 대한 비판을 목적으로 하므로 저작권법상 보호되는 패러디는 직접 패러디에 한하고 원작이 아닌 사회현상을 대상으로 하는 매개 패러디는 원칙적으로 보호대상에 해당되지 않는다. 패러디 보호에 관한 국제적 동향과 관련하여, ⅰ) 미국의 경우, 권리제한의 일반조항인 ‘공정이용(fair use)’ 규정(제107조)에 의해 저작권침해의 책임이 면제될 수 있으며, ⅱ) 독일에서는, 패러디를 허용하는 저작권법상의 규정은 존재하지 않지만, 저작권법 제24조(자유이용)를 통해 패러디 허용론이 광범위하게 지지받고 있다. ⅲ) 프랑스의 경우, 다른 나라와 달리 명문의 패러디 예외규정을 두고 있으며 저작권법 제122-5조 제1항이 그것이다. ⅳ) 특히 영국의 경우, 패러디에 대한 엄격한 법적용, 공정이용(fair dealing)조항에 의한 패러디 보호, 오랜 논의 끝에 최근 별도의 패러디 예외조항을 신설한 점 등은 우리나라에 시사하는 바가 크다. 패러디의 저작권 보호와 관련된 쟁점과 관련해서 패러디의 2차적저작물성 여부, 동일성유지권 침해문제, 인용조항의 적용문제 등이 쟁점이 될 수 있는데, ⅰ) 2차적저작물성 여부와 관련해서는, 패러디는 원작에 대한 창의적인 비평 내지 풍자의 전달이라고 하는 특성과 원작과 대체적 경쟁관계에 있지 않다는 점에서 2차적저작물과 구별되며, ⅱ) 동일성유지권과 관련하여 침해를 주장 수 있는 경우는 실패한 패러디에 한하며, 성공한 패러디의 경우 저작권법 제13조 제2항 제5호에 규정된 동일성유지권의 제한사유에 의해 그 침해가 부인된다. ⅲ) 인용조항의 적용문제와 관련해서는 인용의 저작권법적 개념, 제28조의 적용요건 및 기타 패러디 자체의 특성에 비추어 저작권법상의 인용에 관한 규정이 패러디에 적용하기에는 한계가 있다. 결국 패러디 보호와 관련하여 향후 저작권침해소송에서는 인용조항(제28조) 보다 공정이용조항(제35조의3)이 주도적인 형태로 운용될 것이며, 그런 점에서 이 규정의 모델인 미국저작권법상의 공정이용에 관한 규정(제107조)에 대한 법해석 및 Campbell판결 및 이후의 패러디관련 판결의 동향에 관한 분석작업이 중요하지만, 한편으로는 보다 명확한 입법안 마련을 통한 패러디의 보호방안을 강구하는 것도 하나의 대안... With the rise of Postmodernism, which is characterized by appropriation and remix, parody has become a key phenomenon of contemporary arts. Parody is an imitation of a serious piece of literature, music, or composition for humorous or satirical effect. Parody can be recognized as a kind of creative works, but parodies, by its very nature, necessarily utilizes copyrighted works of others, and because the purpose for this use is satire and ridicule, there is tension between the parodist and copyright owner. As a result, some copyright owners are less than eager to see their work ridiculed and will not license their work for this purpose. Consequently, the parodist must rely on the defense of fair use in Copyright Law. The primary goal of this paper is to show how the Korean judiciary defines the meaning of parody and how parody is being protected by the copyright law through an analysis of a variety of precedents in developed country. Also, this paper talks about the limitations of the current copyright law in protecting parody and suggest some solutions to this issues. The finding show parody is loosely defined under the Copyright Law of Korea, making it more relevant to invoke the Article 28 of the copyright law on quotations and citations and the Article 22 that governs secondary works. For this reason, Korea’s judiciary system has a strong tendency to rely on the four factor ‘fair use’ test, which is widely used in the US legal system, to determine whether the use of a copyrighted work is fair. The findings also show the Korean judiciary system, which often applies the fair use principles too strictly to copyright cases, discourages parodists from creative works, hampering the advancement of human culture and knowledge. For instance, the judging panel has ruled “Combacom”, a song that changed the lyrics of Seo Tae-Ji’s popular song “Come Back Home”, violated the copyright law in that the new song just made fun of the original and failed to covey a new message. However, industry experts say the “parodied” song added creativity that the original had lacked and also carried a message of social criticism. If the expert’s views were fully taken into account according to the US Campbell decision, Combacom could have been regarded as a legitimate parody. In Campbell case, the US Supreme Court held that a commercial parody may quality as a fair use. To decide the question of fair use, the court must subject the parody to an overall balancing process in which the parody’s “transformative” character is more important than its commercial purpose. The focus should be on whether the work alters the original with new expression, meaning, and message. Therefore, in parody cases, judges must weigh the legitimate property interests of the copyright owner to control reproductions and derivative uses of his own work’s against parodist’s right to engage in freedom of speech and promote his art and the public benefit derived from parody. In Korea, a parody has been treated as a derivative work or a quotation, but a parody is not compatible with the theory of quotation or derivative work in some point. As a result of the above studies, this paper asserts to use the fair use principle as a way of resolving the infringement within the Korean Copyright Law regarding the parody. Fortunately, According to the Korean Copyright Act that was revised in 2011, parody is anticipated to be subject to the Fair Use Clause that has recently added.

현장경찰 개인성격이 감정부조화 형성에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구

김정완,조현빈 한국치안행정학회 2015 한국치안행정논집 Vol.12 No.1

한국직업능력개발원(KRIVET. 2013) 보고서에서 2012년 203개 직종 중 경찰관 감정노동지수가 22위로 공안직군 중 유일무이하게 감정노동지수가 높은 직종인 것으로 확인 되었고, 경찰청은 전국 경찰관서 치안성과평가 항목에 경찰 접촉 고객 대상 평가인 치안고객만족도의 가중치를 30%(치안고객만족도) 부여하고 있는 등, 그간 감정이라는 단어는 인간행동을 설명할 수 있는 중요요소임에도 공공조직 연구 분야에서 소홀히 다루어져 왔던 것이 사실이다. 여기에서 연구자는 일선에서 활동하는 경찰관들이 주취자, 음주운전자, 집단 폭행사범, 민사성 사기사범 등을 대할 때 항상 느낄 수 있는 감정, 즉 대인 접점부서 경찰관들이 타부서 근무자들보다 높게 느낀다고 할 수 있는 감정노동의 한 구성요소인, 실제감정과 표현감정의 불일치를 뜻하는 감정부조화라는 개념을 중심으로 연구를 진행하였다. 또한, 정서성과 같은 개인 특성은 감정부조화와 밀접한 관계가 있으며, 고객 감정표현, 부정적 상황, 종업원상태 등에 의하여 서비스제공자는 감정부조화를 겪고 있는 등 개인 성향에 따른 종업원들의 감정부조화의 경험정도를 실증할 필요성이 있음을 피력하고 있어 개인성격 요인 중 대표적으로 활용되고 있는 Bic 5 모형을 감정부조화의 독립요인으로 활용하여 현장 경찰관들의 개인성격이 감정부조화를 강화 또는 약화시킬 수 있다는 가설을 실증할 수 있다면, 향후 지역경찰, 수사․형사 등 민원 접점부서 인사배치 참고자료 활용 등 그 전략적 이용가치가 높아 질 수 있을 것이라는 가정 하에 연구를 진행하였다. 그 결과, 개인성격 중 주도면밀성과 신경증적 성격을 가진 경찰관의 감정부조화 지수가 높고, 외향적이고 친화적이며 지적개방성이 높은 경찰관의 감정부조화 지수가 낮게 나타난 다는 것을 확인하였다. 또한, 감정억제 지수는 신경증·주도면밀성을 가진 경찰관이 높고 외향성·지적개방성을 가진 경찰관이 낮으며, 감정연기 지수는 주도면밀한 경찰관이 높고 외향성·친화성이 높은 경찰관이 낮다는 것을 알 수 있었다. KRIVET 2013 Report shows that the policemen's emotional labor index was among 22nd place; Which was by all means Relatively highly ranked job sector among other public servants. In the meantime, the national police agency has granted 30% weights on public security result assessment; public security client satisfaction on those clients who contact police; Despite importance of emotions which is an extremely important element; that could explain human behavior; has rather been neglectful in fields of public organization research. Therefore, I myself would like to focus on the concept of emotional lack of harmony; conflict between explicit and implicit emotional expressions; part of emotional labor structural elements(Morri & Feldman 1996). To face those emotional feelings when those policemen working at the scene of action faces drunks, drunk drivers, group bulling, civil fraud affairs. Reffered by Morris & Feldman(1996), Kim sang hei & Seo Moon sik(2005), etc. Individual characteristics such as emotions are closely realted to emotional lack of harmony, and emotional expressions by clients negative circumstances. Conditions of an employee, all these factors ca affect service provider who would go through emotional lack of harmony who is obliged to proof his/her experience of emotional lack of harmony with employee. Therefore I myself would like to use BIC 5 MODEL as an independent factor of emotional lack of harmony(Costa & Mccrae 1992) To back up the theory that personal character of those policemen at the scene of actions can either reinforce or to deteriorate emotional lack of harmony, and if this hypothesis can be proofed. This would be helpful to provide. Better personnel management of local police, investigations, criminal cases, civil affairs etc. As a result of that, I have reached the conclusions that those officers who is elaborate and neurotics are more likely to be emotional lack of harmony. And by contrast, those officers who is outgoing, friendly(positive minded), interlectually opened are more likely to have far less emotional lack of harmony rate. Furthermore, In terms of emotional restraints; Officers who's elaborate and neurotics have higher rate while outgoing and interlectually opened officers have lower rate. In terms of emotional performance, also those officers with elaborate mind showed higher rate while outgoing and friendly officers recorded lower rate. To draw a conclusion, having effectively used officers emotional lack of harmony rate. This could be served as a stepping stone for more effective personal management such as effective disposition of policemen at the scene of action.

지방소비세의 위상 재정립과 새로운 배분기준 모색

김정완 한국지방자치학회 2010 한국지방자치학회 학술대회 Vol.2010 No.8

점토를 이용한 소조활동이 시각장애학생의 자기표현력 및 미술표현력에 미치는 영향

김정완,이숙정 한국조형교육학회 2009 造形敎育 Vol.0 No.35

This study is conducted to appreciate the effects of molding activities program with clay on improving self- and artistic expression by the students who are visually handicapped. A total of 7 Students who were in the fifth and sixth grade of a special elementary school for the visually handicapped, which was located in J district in Seoul, participated in the intervention. We conducted this program through other senses like touch and hearing for 40 minutes each three times in a week with the total frequency of 20 times. The rating scale test about self- and artistic expression were conducted before and after the molding activities program with clay started after the preliminary test, and students’reactions or works which were shown during the processes conducted periodically were recorded and qualitatively analyzed. The results are as follows. First, it was found that the molding activities program with clay had a positive effect on improving the self- and artistic expression by the visually handicapped children. Second, passive self-expression by children decreased and proactive artistic expression appeared. We could know that to develop and devise more suitable and systematic artistic programs would be effective in helping the visually handicapped children have psychological stability and positive self-consciousness.

녹내장 및 고안압증 환자에서 근시 정도에 따른 망막신경섬유층 두께 차이

김정완,김용연,Jung Wan Kim,M,D,Yong Yeon Kim,M,D,Ph,D 대한안과학회 2008 대한안과학회지 Vol.49 No.10

Purpose: To evaluate the changes in retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness according to the degree of myopia in patients with glaucoma and ocular hypertension. Methods: Ninety-eight patients (165 eyes) diagnosed with glaucoma or ocular hypertension underwent optical coherence tomography (OCT) and scanning laser polarimetry using variable corneal compensation (GDx-VCC) to analyze the correlation between the degree of myopia and the thickness of the RNFL. A partial correlation coefficient analysis was performed to adjust for various factors such as age, laterality, intraocular pressure, and the mean deviation from visual field test, which can influence the RNFL thickness. Results: The average, nasal, superior, and inferior sectorial RNFL thicknesses measured by OCT significantly decreased with increasing myopia (p<0.05). However, RNFL thickness measured by GDx-VCC was not significantly correlated with the degree of myopia. Conclusions: The RNFL thickness measured by OCT decreased with increasing myopia in eyes with glaucoma and ocular hypertension. J Korean Ophthalmol Soc 2008;49(10):1634-1640

통일시대를 대비한 접경지역 시군통합의 필요성과 기대효과

김정완 한국지방행정학회 2013 한국지방행정학보 (KLAR) Vol.10 No.1

The establishment of joint industrial complexes and reunification admistration capital will be discussed as the relationship of South and North Korea improves. The candidate locations must be in military bordering area, where Pocehon, Yeonchon, and Cherwon which belong to the central part have the highest possibility. These regions are considered as the most ideal consolidation objects in that they share historic and geopolitical traits and can guarantee reciprocal developments through the integration. Based on the related acts, Special Act to Support Military Bordering Area and Special Act of Local Decentralization and Local Government System Reform, the three local governments need to be merged to be a self-supporting and competitive political body which can prepare for Korea reunification. However, the three local governments now undergo underdevelopment and various regulations. In particular, Pocheon and Yeonchon are uniquely experiencing a decrease of populations in Gyeonggido which belongs legally to capital area. Cherwon also shows the lowest development in Gangwondo, although it is not a local government of the capital area. Therefore, after the consolidation, they need to be a member of Gangwondo, not Gyeonggido, to receive policy and financial assistances from central government as a provincial local government, through which they can promote the investment attraction.