점토조형활동 프로그램이 ADHD아동의 주의산만과 공격성 감소에 미치는 영향

김은실 한독심리운동학회 2018 심리운동연구 Vol.4 No.1

Children with ADHD have major problems such as attention deficit and impulsive hyperactivity, secondary problems such as poor academic performance, deteriorating relationship with peers, maladjustment of school life, and the need to develop and apply effective programs to reduce and mediate them. Do. The purpose of this study was to solve the problem behaviors of children with distracting and aggressive behaviors through clay molding activity center material experience program. The subjects of this study were three young children of elementary school in M city who were diagnosed as ADHD. The research period was from 20 July 2009 to 24 December 2009, 20 sessions were held for 40 minutes once a week, and parent counseling sessions were held for 10 minutes each session. The measurement tools were pre-, post-test, and post-test using the Child and Adolescent Behavior Rating Scale (K-CBCL). The results of this study are as follows. First, the pre- and post-test scores of the Children and Adolescent Behavior Rating Scale (K-CBCL) decreased in both A, B, and C children. ADHD children 's distractibility and aggressiveness. Second, it was proved that clay art formative art therapy is effective in reducing distraction and aggression of ADHD children by alleviating and eliminating the problem behaviors of children with ADHD according to stages of material experience based on clay formative activity. These results suggest that clay-based material experience has a positive effect on distraction and aggressiveness of ADHD children. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of clay formative activity on clay dispersion and aggression in ADHD children by confirming clay media as a suitable medium for improvement of ADHD children. ADHD 아동들은 주의집중력 결핍, 충동성 과잉행동과 같은 주요증상과 학업부진, 또래와의 관계악화, 학교 생활부적응 등 이차적인 문제가 나타나며 이를 감소ㆍ중재하기 위한 효과적인 프로그램을 개발하여 적용해야할 필요성이 시급하다. 이에 본 연구는 주의가 산만하고 공격성이 강한 아동들에 대해 점토조형 활동 중심 물질경험 프로그램을 통해 그들의 문제 행동을 해결해 보고자 하였다. 연구대상은 ADHD로 진단된 M시 소재한 초등학교 저학년 아동 3명을 선정하여 점토조형활동중심 물질경험 프로그램을 실시하였다. 연구기간은 2009년 7월20부터 2009년 12월24일까지, 주 1회40분씩 20회기 실시하였고, 매 회기 10분 부모상담을 실시하였다. 측정도구는 아동․청소년 행동평가척도(K-CBCL)를 사용하여 사전, 사후, 추후검사를 실시하였으며, 점토조형활동 중심의 물질경험 단계에 따라 ADHD 아동의 행동변화를 비교분석하였다. 본 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 아동․청소년 행동평가척도(K-CBCL)의 사전·사후 점수에 있어 A, B, C아동 모두 감소하여주의산만영역에서 52점, 52점 46점, 공격성영역에서 53점, 41점, 44점으로 정상범위에 있으며, 추후검사에 있어서도 주의산만영역에서 62점, 52점, 49점, 공격성영역에서 53점, 41점, 48점으로 점수가감소 또는 유지하고 있는 것으로 점토조형활동 중심의 물질경험이 ADHD 아동의 주의산만과 공격성 감소에 효과가 있음을 입증하였다. 둘째, 점토조형 활동 중심의 물질경험 단계에 따라 ADHD 아동의 문제행동의 완화 및 소거됨으로써 점토조형활동 중심의 물질경험이 ADHD 아동의 주의산만과 공격성 감소에 효과가 있음을 입증하였다. 이상의 결과로 볼 때, 점토중심의 물질경험이 ADHD아동의 주의산만과 공격성 감소에 긍정적인효과가 있었음을 알 수 있었다. 본 연구는 다양한 미술매체 중 점토라는 매체가 ADHD아동의 문제행동을 개선시키는데 적합한 매체임을 확인함으로써, 점토조형활동 중심의 물질경험이 ADHD아동의 주의산만과 공격성 감소에 효과가 있음을 밝힌 점에서 의의가 있다.

Orientia tsutsugamushi 감염에서 doxycycline 용량과 투여기간에 대한 실험

김은실,김미경,이혜명,정문현,이진수,박재은,강재승 대한감염학회 2008 감염과 화학요법 Vol.40 No.5

Background : Doxycycline, azithromycin, and chloramphenicol have been used for the treatment of scrub typhus; however, the duration of treatment for this disease is still controversial. Most clinical studies on the treatment of scrub typhus focus on the effectiveness of antibiotics; few studies have focused on the duration of the treatment. There has been no in vitro evaluation of the optimal duration of treatment of scrub typhus. We performed an experiment to evaluate the regrowth of Orientia tsutsugamushi after exposure to doxycycline of various concentration and exposure time. Materials and Methods : O. tsutsugamushi strain Boryong was inoculated into the ECV304 cell line. The infected cells were stained with FS15, a monoclonal antibody reacting against a linear epitope on the 56-kDa major outer membrane protein of O. tsutsugamushi; thereafter, the antimicrobial susceptibilities were measured by flow cytometry and expressed as a growth index (total mass of Orientia). Incubation in media containing 0.1 (the minimal inhibitory concentration of doxycycline against O. tsutsugamushi strain Boryong), 0.2, and 2 ug/mL doxycycline for 1, 3, 5, and 7 day was followed by incubation in antibiotic-free media for 5 day. Two inocula sizes were employed; low inoculum (45.18% of cells were infected) and high inoculum (87.21% of cells). Results : The incubation with 0.1 ug/mL doxycycline resulted in O. tsutsugamushi regrowth irrespective of doxycycline treatment duration. When the concentration of doxycycline was increased to 0.2 or 2 ug/mL, regrowth was observed in short duration treatments (1-5 day at 0.2 ug/mL; 1 day at 2 ug/mL). Higher inoculum size of O. tsutsugamushi increased regrowth (1 day at the low inoculum; 1-5 day at the high inoculum). Conclusions : The regrowth of O. tsutsugamushi after doxycycline treatment depends on the doxycycline dose; the higher the dose, the lower the relapse rate. If this result is extrapolated to humans, higher dose of doxycycline might be preferred to lower the relapse rate. The inoculum effect in O. tsutsugamushi infection needs further investigations.

학위논문 주제어 중심 연구동향 분석 -국어국문학, 국어교육학, 한국어교육학 분야를 중심으로-

김은실,강승혜 국제한국어교육학회 2018 한국어 교육 Vol.29 No.2

The aim of this study was to analyze research trends in the fields of Korean Language and Literature, Korean Language Education, and Korean Language Education as a Foreign Language. To this end, key words were extracted from 29,470 academic theses published between 2000 and 2017. The results of the analysis are as follows. First, in the field of Korean Language and Literature, there is greater quantity in studies about Korean language than about literature, and starting from 2010, there was an increase in studies similar to those from the field of Korean Language Education as a Foreign Language. Next, in comparison to the other fields, the field of Korean Language Education has greater variance in its research theme-in particular, numerous studies related to the site of education. Finally, the field of Korean Language Education has the following trends: a) there are copious studies focused on Korean language learners in comparison to other fields, b) there are a greater number of studies focused on culture, and c) the key words change by time period which suggest that research demands transformed over time. Overall, a total of 64 highest frequency key words from the three academic fields were investigated. Of these, 22 were common key words and 42 were differential key words. In this way, it was possible to illuminate the identity of each field.

국내 환자에서 분리된 Orientia tsutsugamushi에서 doxycycline 내성

김은실,김미경,이혜명,길세희,정문현,이진수,강재승 대한감염학회 2008 Infection and Chemotherapy Vol.40 No.5

Background : Doxycycline has been the drug of choice for the treatment of scrub typhus. However, scrub typhus with poor response to doxycycline was first reported in Thailand in 1996. To date, it is not known whether doxycycline resistant scrub typhus is present in Korea. To investigate the doxycycline resistance of scrub typhus in Korea, we performed an experiment to evaluate the degree of growth inhibition of Orientia tsutsugamushi at the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of doxycycline. Materials and Methods : 37 isolates of Orientia tsutsugamushi were collected from Korean patients with scrub typhus during 10 year period (from 1997 to 2007). 34 isolates consisted of Boryong serotype or related serotypes. These strains were stained with FS15, a monoclonal antibody against the linear epitope on the protein located at the outer membrane of O. tsutsugamushi. Three isolates were confirmed as serotype Gilliam, which was stained by anti-Gilliam antibody. The antibody- stainable 35 isolates were incubated in media containing 0.1 and 0.2 µg/mL of doxycycline for 3 days. Then the growth indices of Orientia were measured by flow cytometry. If the growth index was greater than 10%, the isolate was tentatively classified as an isolate resistant to doxycycline and its MIC was measured. Results : Demographic and treatment data were similar to the results of previous reports. Infection was mainly observed in Inchon and the Chungcheongnam province. No patient showed delayed response to antibiotics. Of 35 hospitalized patients, 4 (11.4%) were managed at the intensive care unit, and 1 (2.9%) died of nosocomial pneumonia. All the 2 patients whose isolates were serotype Gilliam Yonchon/Ikeda-like strain were managed at the intensive care unit. Six of the 34 isolates from Korean patients exhibited growth indices greater than 10% at the MIC of doxycycline; however, the MICs of these isolates did not exceed 0.2 µg/mL. One isolate of serotype Gilliam showed an MIC of 0.0125 ug/mL, which seemed to be underestimated due to weak fluorescence of the anti-Gilliam antibody. Conclusions : Although the number of tested isolates is small, insensitivity of scrub typhus to doxycycline is not a major reason for treatment failure in Korea. Serotype Gilliam, especially Yochon/ Ikeda-like strain, may be associated with severe form of scrub typhus. More studies concerning the antibiotic susceptibility for serotype Gilliam are warranted. Background : Doxycycline has been the drug of choice for the treatment of scrub typhus. However, scrub typhus with poor response to doxycycline was first reported in Thailand in 1996. To date, it is not known whether doxycycline resistant scrub typhus is present in Korea. To investigate the doxycycline resistance of scrub typhus in Korea, we performed an experiment to evaluate the degree of growth inhibition of Orientia tsutsugamushi at the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of doxycycline. Materials and Methods : 37 isolates of Orientia tsutsugamushi were collected from Korean patients with scrub typhus during 10 year period (from 1997 to 2007). 34 isolates consisted of Boryong serotype or related serotypes. These strains were stained with FS15, a monoclonal antibody against the linear epitope on the protein located at the outer membrane of O. tsutsugamushi. Three isolates were confirmed as serotype Gilliam, which was stained by anti-Gilliam antibody. The antibody- stainable 35 isolates were incubated in media containing 0.1 and 0.2 µg/mL of doxycycline for 3 days. Then the growth indices of Orientia were measured by flow cytometry. If the growth index was greater than 10%, the isolate was tentatively classified as an isolate resistant to doxycycline and its MIC was measured. Results : Demographic and treatment data were similar to the results of previous reports. Infection was mainly observed in Inchon and the Chungcheongnam province. No patient showed delayed response to antibiotics. Of 35 hospitalized patients, 4 (11.4%) were managed at the intensive care unit, and 1 (2.9%) died of nosocomial pneumonia. All the 2 patients whose isolates were serotype Gilliam Yonchon/Ikeda-like strain were managed at the intensive care unit. Six of the 34 isolates from Korean patients exhibited growth indices greater than 10% at the MIC of doxycycline; however, the MICs of these isolates did not exceed 0.2 µg/mL. One isolate of serotype Gilliam showed an MIC of 0.0125 ug/mL, which seemed to be underestimated due to weak fluorescence of the anti-Gilliam antibody. Conclusions : Although the number of tested isolates is small, insensitivity of scrub typhus to doxycycline is not a major reason for treatment failure in Korea. Serotype Gilliam, especially Yochon/ Ikeda-like strain, may be associated with severe form of scrub typhus. More studies concerning the antibiotic susceptibility for serotype Gilliam are warranted.

국가폭력과 여성 : 죽음 정치의 장으로서의 4·3

김은실 제주4.3연구소 2018 4.3과 역사 Vol.18 No.-

국가권력과 제도교육의 모순

김은실 淑明女子大學校 文理大 敎育硏究會 1989 靑坡 敎育 Vol.18 No.1

한국의 여성정책과 페미니즘에서의 성 주류화 전략

김은실 한국여성정책연구원(구 한국여성개발원) 2008 한국여성개발원 기타간행물 Vol.- No.-

2006년 동경에서 중국 베이징 대학의 다이진 후아는 중국의 상황에 대해 다음과 같이 설명했다. 하늘의 절반이라는 구호 하에서 사회적 차원에서 남녀평등을 쟁취했다고 생각했던 중국여성들은 개혁개방 이후 서구 페미니즘이 성취해낸 사적영역에서의 혁명을 위해 1980년대 초에 서구 페미니즘을 공부하기 시작했었다고 한다. 물론 자기를 포함해 많은 여성들은 개인적 차원의 자유를 확보하기 위한 공부를 할 때 국가가 여성들에게 주었던/허용했던 사회적 차원의 자유와 권리는 이미 자기들의 것이라고, 바닥에 깔고 앉아 있는 기본적인 것이라고 생각했었다는 것이다. 그런데 여성들이 시장 자유주의 속에서 자유를 추구하는 사이에 국가는 50년 동안 여성들에게 허용했던 사회적 권리를 회수해버렸다고 했다. 여성들이 머리를 들어 개인적 자유를 찾고 자하는 사이 발 밑에 깔고 서있던 사회권을 한 순간에 빼버렸다.

사회적 위축 아동 어머니의 민감성에 영향을 주는 정서와 유발 변인에 대한 질적 분석

김은실,손현동 한국교원대학교 교육연구원 2012 敎員敎育 Vol.28 No.4

The purpose of this study was to examine emotions and factors fostering and hindering maternal sensitivity in children with social withdrawal using Consensual Qualitative Research(CQR). Subjects were 14 mothers of children of 6~13 years old with social withdrawal. The results were as follows; Frist, 8 emotions and 22 factors affecting maternal sensitivity were induced. Second, emotions fostering maternal sensitivity were ‘pleasure', ‘hope', and ‘comfort'. The factors causing pleasure were ‘the growth of child with social withdrawal', ‘family members' success', 'approval of others'. The factors causing hope were 'parenting nursing competence', 'parent education and counseling'. And the factors causing comfort were ‘physical comfort', ‘psychological comfort', ‘social support'. Third, emotions hindering maternal sensitivity were ‘depressive feeling', ‘anger', ‘anxiety', ‘hastiness', ‘disappointment'. Depressive feeling were caused by ‘being worn out', ‘helplessness', ‘decreasing self-esteem', ‘people's neglect'. Anger were caused by ‘misunderstanding of people', ‘maladjusted behavior of child', ‘domestic trouble', ‘comparison with others'. Anxiety were caused by ‘worries about the future', ‘being a target of criticism'. Hastiness were caused by ‘responsibility as parent', ‘slow acting'. Disappointment were caused by ‘behaviors falling short of his/her expectation', ‘poor grades falling short of his/her expectation'. Implications and limitations of current study are discussed. 이 연구에서는 사회적 위축 아동 어머니의 민감성을 촉진하거나 방해하는 정서와 유발 변인들을 합의적 질적 분석(CQR)을 통하여 알아보았다. 연구대상은 만 6세에서 13세 이하의 사회적 위축 경향을 가진 아동의 어머니 14명이었다. 연구 결과, 8개의 정서와 22개의 유발 변인이 추출되었는데, 어머니의 민감성을 촉진하는 정서로는 ‘기쁨과 즐거움’, ‘희망감’, ‘편안함’이 있었다. 기쁨과 즐거움을 유발하는 변인은 ‘아동의 성장’, ‘가족 구성원의 성공’, ‘타인의 인정’이었으며, 희망감을 유발하는 변인은 ‘양육의 자신감’과 ‘부모 교육 및 상담’이었다. 마지막으로 편안함을 유발하는 변인은 ‘신체적 편안함’, ‘심리적 편안함’, ‘사회적 지지’이었다. 어머니의 민감성을 방해하는 정서로는 ‘우울’, ‘화’, ‘불안’, ‘조급함’, ‘실망감’이 있었다. 우울을 유발하는 변인들은 ‘심리적 무기력’, ‘신체적 무기력’, ‘자존감의 저하’, ‘타인들의 무시’가 있었으며, 화를 유발하는 변인들은 ‘주변 사람들의 이해 부족’, ‘아동의 부적응 행동’, ‘가정의 불화’, ‘타인과의 비교’이었고, 불안을 유발하는 변인들은 ‘미래에 대한 걱정’과 ‘타인의 비난’이었다. 그리고 조급함을 유발하는 변인은 ‘부모 역할의 책임감’과 ‘아동의 느린 반응’이었다. 마지막으로는 실망감을 유발하는 변인은 ‘기대에 미치지 못하는 아동의 행동’과 ‘기대에 미치지 못하는 학업 성취’이었다. 이 연구는 사회적 위축 아동 어머니의 민감성을 증진시키기 위한 교육 및 상담에 구체적인 정보를 제공할 수 있다는 의의가 있다.

집단 네트워크와 집단 창의성: 리더의 긍정심리자본의 조절효과를 중심으로

김은실 경남대학교 산업경영연구소 2019 지역산업연구 Vol.42 No.2

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of the group network structure on team creativity. Specially I measure group creativity not single but two types as ideageneration and problem-solving ability. Research on positive forms of leadership has received increasing attention in the past decade. Despite the emphasis on positive psychological capital of leader, empirical research on the topic has been limited. So I examine that the relationship of the network structure(centralization/density) and group creativity is moderated by leader's positive psychological capital. Based on a sample of 62 teams, I analysed group network structures using socio-matrix method. The results of this study are as follows. First, it is found that network centralization has a positive relationship with idea-generation and problem-solving ability. Second, network density is associated with idea-generation and problem-solving ability negatively. Third, leader's positive psychological capital does not moderate the relationship of network structures(centralization, density) and group creativity(idea-generation, problem-solving ability). I conclude this article with some of limitations and future directions 본 연구는 기존 창의성 연구에서 간과되었던 집단 창의성의 유형을 집단아이디어도출과 집 단문제해결능력으로 나누어 독립변수인 집단 네트워크 집중도와 밀도와의 관계를 분석하였 다. 또한 최근 긍정심리학이 관심을 받으면서 개인수준에서는 개인의 긍정심리자본과 개인 창의성에 대한 연구가 많이 수행되었지만, 집단수준에서 리더의 긍정심리자본과 집단 창의성 의 관계에 대한 연구는 상대적으로 부족하였다. 그러나 기존 창의성 연구에서는 집단 구성원 의 동기부여 측면에서 리더십의 중요성이 강조되고 있기 때문에 집단 창의성 연구에서 리더 의 긍정심리적 특성 연구의 필요성이 제기되었다. 이에 본 연구에서는 62개 집단을 대상으로 sociometrix기법을 활용하여 집단 네트워크 분석 및 위계적 회귀분석을 실시하였다. 분석결과 네트워크 집중도와 집단아이디어도출/집단문제해결능력은 모두 정(+)적 선형관계로 나타났 고, 가설 1-1은 기각, 1-2는 지지되었다. 네트워크 밀도와 집단아이디어도출/집단문제해결능 력은 모두 부(-)적 선형관계를 가지는 것으로 나타났고, 가설 2-1은 기각, 가설 2-2는 채택되 었다. 또한 창의성 연구에서 그 중요성이 점점 부각되고 있는 리더의 긍정심리자본은 그 주제 의 중요성에도 불구하고, 집단 네트워크와 집단 창의성 사이에 조절효과가 없는 것으로 나타 났다. 결론에서 연구결과에 대한 의의, 연구의 한계 및 향후 연구방향 등을 제시하였다.

유세포분석법으로 조사한 Orientia tsutusgamushi Boryong주의 항균제 감수성

김은실,김미경,이혜명,정문현,이진수,박재은,강재승 대한감염학회 2008 Infection and Chemotherapy Vol.40 No.4

Background : Scrub typhus, an infectious disease caused by Orientia tsutsugamushi, is endemic in Korea. With the introduction of tetracycline and chloramphenicol in clinical practice, the mortality due to scrub typhus has markedly decreased. In 1995, scrub typhus poorly responsive to doxycycline was reported in Thailand; the need for safe antibiotics for the treatment of scrub typhus acquired during pregnancy or for children is emerging; also, broader spectrum antibiotics having anti-Orientia activity may be preferred for empirical therapy of enteric fever syndrome and for complicated scrub typhus. The anti-Orientia activities of various antibiotics, including recently licensed antibiotics, were investigated by flow cytometry. Materials and Methods : O. tsutsugamushi strain Boryong was inoculated into the ECV304 cell line. The infected cells were stained with FS15, a monoclonal antibody reacting against a linear epitope on 56-kDa major outer membrane protein of O. tsutsugamushi. Then the antimicrobial susceptibilities were measured by flow cytometry and expressed as a growth index (total mass of Orientia). A concentration at which no further decrease in growth index occurred was defined as the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC). Microbial susceptibilities to the following antibiotics were measured: quinupristin-dalfopristin (Synercid), levofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, moxifloxacin, metronidazole, linezolid, clindamycin, chloramphenicol, doxycycline, azithromycin, and rifampin. Results : Considering the usual serum concentrations of rifampin (MIC=0.025-0.05 µg/mL), azithromycin (MIC=0.05-0.5 µg/mL) and doxycycline (MIC=0.05-0.1 µg/mL), these antibiotics exhibited very low MICs. Synercid (MIC=0.2-1.0 µg/mL), clindamycin (MIC=1.0 µg/mL) and chloramphenicol (MIC=1-2 µg/mL) exhibited moderately low MICs; moxifloxacin (MIC=8 µg/mL), ciprofloxacin (MIC=25.6 µg/mL or more) and levofloxacin (MIC=30 µg/mL) exhibited relatively high MICs; and cefotaxime (MIC>50 µg/mL), metronidazole (MIC>30 µg/mL) and linezolid (>30 µg/mL) exhibited high MICs. Conclusions : Among the new antibiotics, none was superior to doxycycline, azithromycin or rifampin with respect to anti-Orientia activity. Synercid, clindamycin, and moxifloxacin may show moderate therapeutic efficacies in human. Background : Scrub typhus, an infectious disease caused by Orientia tsutsugamushi, is endemic in Korea. With the introduction of tetracycline and chloramphenicol in clinical practice, the mortality due to scrub typhus has markedly decreased. In 1995, scrub typhus poorly responsive to doxycycline was reported in Thailand; the need for safe antibiotics for the treatment of scrub typhus acquired during pregnancy or for children is emerging; also, broader spectrum antibiotics having anti-Orientia activity may be preferred for empirical therapy of enteric fever syndrome and for complicated scrub typhus. The anti-Orientia activities of various antibiotics, including recently licensed antibiotics, were investigated by flow cytometry. Materials and Methods : O. tsutsugamushi strain Boryong was inoculated into the ECV304 cell line. The infected cells were stained with FS15, a monoclonal antibody reacting against a linear epitope on 56-kDa major outer membrane protein of O. tsutsugamushi. Then the antimicrobial susceptibilities were measured by flow cytometry and expressed as a growth index (total mass of Orientia). A concentration at which no further decrease in growth index occurred was defined as the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC). Microbial susceptibilities to the following antibiotics were measured: quinupristin-dalfopristin (Synercid), levofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, moxifloxacin, metronidazole, linezolid, clindamycin, chloramphenicol, doxycycline, azithromycin, and rifampin. Results : Considering the usual serum concentrations of rifampin (MIC=0.025-0.05 µg/mL), azithromycin (MIC=0.05-0.5 µg/mL) and doxycycline (MIC=0.05-0.1 µg/mL), these antibiotics exhibited very low MICs. Synercid (MIC=0.2-1.0 µg/mL), clindamycin (MIC=1.0 µg/mL) and chloramphenicol (MIC=1-2 µg/mL) exhibited moderately low MICs; moxifloxacin (MIC=8 µg/mL), ciprofloxacin (MIC=25.6 µg/mL or more) and levofloxacin (MIC=30 µg/mL) exhibited relatively high MICs; and cefotaxime (MIC>50 µg/mL), metronidazole (MIC>30 µg/mL) and linezolid (>30 µg/mL) exhibited high MICs. Conclusions : Among the new antibiotics, none was superior to doxycycline, azithromycin or rifampin with respect to anti-Orientia activity. Synercid, clindamycin, and moxifloxacin may show moderate therapeutic efficacies in human.