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‘잘 모르겠음’ 답지와 추측에 대한 차별점수화가 차별기능검사와 피험자 응답 적합도에 미치는 영향
시기자,이유미,성태제 이화여자대학교 교육과학연구소 2007 교육과학연구 Vol.38 No.3
선택형 검사는 피험자가 추측에 의하여 응답할 수 있는 단점을 지니고 있으며, 추측에 의한 응답은 피험자 능력추정의 오차를 증가시킬 뿐 아니라 검사의 양호도에도 영향을 미친다. 이 연구에서는 추측에 의한 응답을 줄이기 위해 ‘잘 모르겠음’이라는 답지를 포함하는 것과 오답과 ‘잘 모르겠음’이라는 응답에 대해 차별적으로 점수를 적용하는 방안이 검사의 측정학적 특성에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지 차별기능검사와 피험자응답 적합도 측면에서 살펴보고자 하였다. 이를 위해 아무런 처치도 가하지 않은 집단과 ‘잘 모르겠음’이라는 답지를 포함한집단, 추측한 응답에 대해 차별점수를 적용한다고 공지한 집단으로 구분하여 검사를시행하였다. 추측에 대한 차별점수화의 영향을 알아보기 위하여 오답과 ‘잘 모르겠음’답지에 대한 차별점수화를 공지한 집단의 경우 자료처리에 있어서는 차별점수를 적용하는 조건과 적용하지 않는 조건으로 구분하였다. 분석결과, 4가지 조건 중 ‘잘 모르겠음’이라는 답지를 포함하고 있는 조건에서 피험자 응답 적합도가 보다 양호한 것으로나타났으며, 동일한 내용을 측정하는 검사라 할지라도 추측에 의한 응답을 고려하지않는 검사 유형과 비교할 때 ‘잘 모르겠음’이라는 답지를 포함하거나 ‘잘 모르겠음’이라는 답지를 포함하면서 추측에 대한 차별점수화를 예고할 경우 검사가 달리 기능하는것으로 분석되었다. The primary purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of ‘don't know’response option and differential scoring for ‘don't know’ response on DTF andperson fit, and to detect the methods to reduce the effect of guessing inmultiple-choice test. Three forms of each test unit were prepared. The group 1 took forms containingitems with five responses and the group 2 took forms which had an additionalresponse of I don't know, while the group 3 took forms with ‘don't know’ responseoption and information of weight on the choice of ‘don't know’ option. The group3 data is processed to study the effect on weight by two methods to weight of‘1/number of alternative’ for ‘don't know’ response and not to. Person fit shows good result in the case of addition of a ‘don't know’ option. Also, even though tests are constructed by the same items, there are the effectsof ‘don't know’ response option and the information of differential scoring for‘don't know’ response and tests differently function.
김보영,박용규,박형서,노상필,정승현,이유선,이정우,이재환,최시완,정진옥,성인환 충남대학교 의과대학 의학연구소 2003 충남의대잡지 Vol.30 No.1
Atherosclerosis is now viewed as an inflammatory disease of the vascular system. Expression of several chemokines, including monocyte chemoattractant protein(MCP)-1, MCP-4, RANTES(regulated on activation normal T-cell expressed and secreted), and interleukin-8(IL-8) are increased in human atherosclerotic plaques compared with normal vessels. They are involved in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and plaque rupture by activating and directing leukocytes into the atherosclerotic lesions. However, some are involved in homeostatic functions such as normal leukocyte traffic and growth regulation. SDF-la is a multi-functional cytokine that is involved in myelogenesis, hematopoiesis, angiogenesis and injured gastric mucosal regeneration in the gastric ulcer patient. SDF-la is recently shown to be highly expressed in atherosclerotic plaques and a potent platelet agonist. At least in high concentrations, SDF-la may mediate antiinflammatory and matrix stabilizing effects in unstable angina. Many studies are going on to know the function of SDF-la in coronary artery diseases. I investigated the difference of the plasma level of SDF-la between control group and coronary artery disease group. Total 75 subjects were enrolled. The diagnosis of coronary artery disease was confirmed in all patients by coronary angiography. Control subjects in this study were confirmed normal by coronary angiography. Clinical profile and risk factors were also reviewed. Control subjects in this study were 27 (M=10, F=17). Plasma for the study was collected before the angiography and centrifuged. SDF-la analysis was performed by ELISA. Plasma level of SDF-la is significantly increased in patients with stable angina(n=20) and unstable angina group(n=28) compared with healthy control group(n=27). the risk factors do not influence the plasma level of SDF-la in coronary artery diseases. In this study, plasma level of SDF-la is increased in patients with stable angina and unstable angina groups compared with healthy control group(P<0.05). the risk factors do not influence the plasma level of SDF-la in coronary artery diseases.
Si-Wook Lee,Chang-Jin Yon,Jae-Ho Kim,Jung-Min Lee,Jae-Ho Lee,Yu-Ran Heo 대한정형외과학회 2024 Clinics in Orthopedic Surgery Vol.16 No.1
Background: To evaluate the degree of deformation in patients with ankle osteoarthritis (OA), it is essential to measure the threedimensional (3D), in other words, stereoscopic alignment of the ankle, subtalar, and foot arches. Generally, measurement of radiological parameters use two-dimensional (2D) anteroposterior and lateral radiographs in a weight-bearing state; however, computeraided 3D analysis (Disior) using weight-bearing cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) has recently been introduced. Methods: In this study, we compared the 2D human radiographic method with a stereoscopic image in patients with ankle arthritis. We enrolled 57 patients diagnosed with OA (28 left and 29 right) and obtained both standing radiographs and weight-bearing CBCT. Patients were divided by the Takakura stage. The interclass correlation coefficient (ICC) for each result was confirmed. Results: On the ICC between 2D radiographs and 3D analysis, the tibiotalar surface angle and lateral talo-1st metatarsal angle showed a good ICC grade (> 0.6), while other parameters did not have significant ICC results. Three-dimension was superior to radiographs in terms of statistical significance. Conclusions: We demonstrated that 2D and stereoscopic images are useful for the diagnosis of OA. Our study also confirmed that the radiographic features affected by ankle OA varied. However, according to the results, the typical radiography is not sufficient to diagnose and determine a treatment plan for ankle OA. Therefore, the method of using 3D images should be considered.
Lee, Sang Yun,Nam, Yun Seok,Yu, Jae Choul,Lee, Seungjin,Jung, Eui Dae,Kim, Si-Hoon,Lee, Sukbin,Kim, Ju-Young,Song, Myoung Hoon American Chemical Society 2019 ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES Vol.11 No.42
<P>Metal halide perovskites have been actively studied as promising materials in optoelectronic devices because of their superior optical and electrical properties and have also shown considerable potential for flexible devices because of their good mechanical properties. However, the large hole injection barrier and exciton quenching between the perovskite emitter and poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly-styrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) can lead to the reduction in device efficiency. Here, a nonconductive fluorosurfactant, Zonyl FS-300 (Zonyl), is introduced into the PEDOT:PSS hole transport layer, which reduces the hole injection barrier and exciton quenching at the PEDOT:PSS/perovskite interface. Moreover, a flexible perovskite light-emitting diode with a polymer-silver nanowire composite electrode is demonstrated, showing a maximum current efficiency (CE<SUB>max</SUB>) of 17.90 cd A<SUP>-1</SUP>, and this is maintained even after 1000 cycles of bending with a 2.5 mm bending radius.</P> [FIG OMISSION]</BR>
Lee, Won-Kyu,Lee, Sang-Yeop,Na, Jung-Hyun,Jang, Sung-Woo,Park, Chan-Ryang,Kim, Soo-Youl,Lee, Si-Hyeong,Han, Kyou-Hoon,Yu, Yeon-Gyu Korean Chemical Society 2012 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.33 No.6
Nopp140 is a highly phosphorylated protein that resides in the nucleolus of mammalian cell and is involved in the biogenesis of the nucleolus. It interacts with a variety of proteins related to the synthesis and assembly of the ribosome. It also can bind to a ubiquitous protein kinase CK2 that mediates cell growth and prevents apoptosis. We found that Nopp140 is an intrinsically unfolded protein (IUP) lacking stable secondary structures over its entire sequence of 709 residues. We discovered that mitoxantrone, an anticancer agent, was able to enhance the interaction between Nopp140 and CK2 and maintain suppressed activity of CK2. Surface plasma resonance studies on different domains of Nopp140 show that the C-terminal region of Nopp140 is responsible for binding with mitoxantrone. Our results present an interesting example where a small chemical compound binds to an intrinsically unfolded protein (IUP) and enhances protein-protein interactions.
Scalable Complementary Logic Gates with Chemically Doped Semiconducting Carbon Nanotube Transistors
Lee, Si Young,Lee, Sang Won,Kim, Soo Min,Yu, Woo Jong,Jo, Young Woo,Lee, Young Hee American Chemical Society 2011 ACS NANO Vol.5 No.3
<P>Use of random network carbon nanotube (CNT) transistors and their applications to complementary logic gates have been limited by several factors such as control of CNT density, existence of metallic CNTs producing a poor yield of devices, absence of stable n-dopant and control of precise position of the dopant, and absence of a scalable and cost-effective fabrication process. Here, we report a scalable and cost-effective fabrication of complementary logic gates by precisely positioning an air-stable n-type dopant, viologen, by inkjet printing on a separated semiconducting CNTs network. The obtained CNT transistors showed a high yield of nearly 100% with an on/off ratio of greater than 10<SUP>3</SUP> in an optimized channel length (∼9 μm). The n-doped semiconducting carbon nanotube transistors showed a nearly symmetric behavior in the on/off current and threshold voltage with p-type transistors. CMOS inverter, NAND, and NOR logic gates were integrated on a HfO<SUB>2</SUB>/Si substrate using the n/p transistor arrays. The gain of inverter is extraordinarily high, which is around 45, and NAND and NOR logic gates revealed excellent output on and off voltages. These series of whole processes were conducted under ambient conditions, which can be used for large-area and flexible thin film technology.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/ancac3/2011/ancac3.2011.5.issue-3/nn200270e/production/images/medium/nn-2011-00270e_0005.gif'></P>