축구 오버헤드 킥 동작의 운동학적 분석

김의환,이요열,김성섭,권문석,김성호 한국운동역학회 2003 한국운동역학회지 Vol.13 No.1

Kim, E-H · Lee , Y-Y · Kim, S-S· Kwon, M-S · Kim, S-H. The kinematical Analysis of the Overhead Kick on Soccer. Korean Journal of Sport Biomechanics. Vol. 13, No. 1,pp. 155-171. The purpose of this study was to analyze the kinematic variables of over head Kick(OHK) in soccer with three dimensional analysis technique and show the kinematic characteristics of it. The 7 subjects were university football player who have been playing football more than 7 years. The OHK was filmed on 16mm video camera(30frame/sec.) kinematic variables were temporal, postures, and COG(center of gravity). The mean values and the standard deviation for each variables were obtained and used as basic factors for examining characteristics of OHK. the results of this analysis were as follows : Temporal variables : The total time elapsed(TE) of OHK was0.94~1.14sec., the 1st phase was 0.35sec., 2nd phase was 0.46sec., and 3rd phase was 0.22sec.. Posture variables : When subjects performed OHK at the impact event, the ankle and knee angle of kicking foot were more extend than supporting foot. but the hip angle of supporting foot were more extend than kicking foot. Moving distance of the center of mass of the both foot : When subject performed OHK at the impact event, the range of distance on mediolateral direction aspect into right · left shoulder line, anteroposterior direction aspect was 20.9±10.5cm, vertical direction aspect was 92.3±19.9cm. Angular velocity : the faster angular velocity of knee · ankle on the kicking foot grew form jump position to landing position, the faster velocity of ball became. C. O. G. variables : When subject performed OHK at the impact event, upper part of the body was getting lower, lower part of the body was getting higher.

Two-Dimensional Analysis of Latch-Up Phenomena in Latch-Up-Free Self-Aligned IGBT Structure

Yo-Hwan Koh,Choong-Ki Kim 전력전자학회 1989 ICPE(ISPE)논문집 Vol.- No.-

The latch-up phenomena of insulated gate bipolar transistor IGBT) are numerically simulated using a two-dimensional device mulation program for various lengths of the n+-source region and arner filetimes, in order to investigate quantitatively the latch-up nmunity of the latch-up-free self-aligned IGBT which has been proposed recently by Koh and Kim. The key concept behind the iumerical simulation is that the parasitic thyristor in the two-guncnsional IGBT is equivalent to a p-i-n diode of the same geometry in a conduction state due to conductivity modulation The simulation shows that the holding current increases by a factor jf about 100 when the length of the n+-sourcc region is decreased from about 10μm to 1 μm, while the holding current is increased only by a factor of 5 when the lifetime is decreased from 100 nsec to 5 nscc These results clearly demonstrate that the latch-up supression by reducing the length of the n+-sourcc region as sug­gested in the proposed latch-up-frcc IGB1' is far more effective than reducing the carrier lifetime.

칼 바르트의 역사이해

김요환 목원대학교 신학연구소 1998 신학과 현장 Vol.8 No.-

란크릭 캅셀(플루옥세틴 20mg)에 대한 프로작 캅셀의 생물학적 동등성 시험

심상범,조요나,오한석,류재환,이경태,김남재,서성훈 경희대학교 동서의학연구소 2001 東西醫學硏究所 論文集 Vol.2000 No.-

Bioequivalence of two flouxetine capsule, ProzacR (Lilly kora Ltd.) and LanclicR (Samsung Pharm. IND. Co.), was evalated according to the guideline of KFDA. Twenty four healthy male volunteers (21-26 years old) were divided into two groups and a randomized 2×2 cross-over study was employed. After 60mg of fluoxetine was orally administered, blood was taken at 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 10, 12, 24, 32, 48 and 72 hours after administration and just before administration. Plasma was analyzed for fluoxetine and internal standard (clomipramine) by a sensitive and validated HPLC assay. The pharmaco kinetic parameters (AUCt, Cmax and Tmax) wre calculated and ANOVA test was used for the statistical analysis of parameters. Differences in (AUCt, Cmax and Tmax between two capsules were -0.90, 3.46 and -14.08% respectively. All powers (1-β) for AUGt, Cmax and Tmax were more than 0.9. Detectable differences (Δ) and confidence interval were all less than ±20%. All the parameters above met the criteria of KFDA for bioequivalence and indicated that LanclicR capsules are bioequivalent to ProzacR capsules.

Autophagy deficiency leads to protection from obesity and insulin resistance by inducing Fgf21 as a mitokine

Kim, Kook Hwan,Jeong, Yeon Taek,Oh, Hyunhee,Kim, Seong Hun,Cho, Jae Min,Kim, Yo-Na,Kim, Su Sung,Kim, Do Hoon,Hur, Kyu Yeon,Kim, Hyoung Kyu,Ko, TaeHee,Han, Jin,Kim, Hong Lim,Kim, Jin,Back, Sung Hoon,Ko Nature Publishing Group, a division of Macmillan P 2013 Nature medicine Vol.19 No.1

Despite growing interest and a recent surge in papers, the role of autophagy in glucose and lipid metabolism is unclear. We produced mice with skeletal muscle–specific deletion of Atg7 (encoding autophagy-related 7). Unexpectedly, these mice showed decreased fat mass and were protected from diet-induced obesity and insulin resistance; this phenotype was accompanied by increased fatty acid oxidation and browning of white adipose tissue (WAT) owing to induction of fibroblast growth factor 21 (Fgf21). Mitochondrial dysfunction induced by autophagy deficiency increased Fgf21 expression through induction of Atf4, a master regulator of the integrated stress response. Mitochondrial respiratory chain inhibitors also induced Fgf21 in an Atf4-dependent manner. We also observed induction of Fgf21, resistance to diet-induced obesity and amelioration of insulin resistance in mice with autophagy deficiency in the liver, another insulin target tissue. These findings suggest that autophagy deficiency and subsequent mitochondrial dysfunction promote Fgf21 expression, a hormone we consequently term a 'mitokine', and together these processes promote protection from diet-induced obesity and insulin resistance.

Combined Parthenolide and Balsalazide Have Enhanced Antitumor Efficacy Through Blockade of NF-κB Activation

Kim, Se-Lim,Kim, Seong Hun,Park, Young Ran,Liu, Yu-Chuan,Kim, Eun-Mi,Jeong, Hwan-Jeong,Kim, Yo Na,Seo, Seung Young,Kim, In Hee,Lee, Seung Ok,Lee, Soo Teik,Kim, Sang-Wook American Association for Cancer Research 2017 Molecular Cancer Research Vol.15 No.2

<P>Balsalazide is a colon-specific prodrug of 5-aminosalicylate that is associated with a reduced risk of colon cancer in patients with ulcerative colitis. Parthenolide, a strong NF-kappa B inhibitor, has recently been demonstrated to be a promising therapeutic agent, promoting apoptosis of cancer cells. In the current study, the antitumor effect of balsalazide combined with parthenolide in human colorectal cancer cells and colitis-associated colon cancers (CAC) was investigated. The results demonstrate that the combination of balsalazide and parthenolide markedly suppress proliferation, nuclear translocation of NF-kappa B, I kappa B-alpha phosphorylation, NF-kappa B DNA binding, and expression of NF-kappa B targets. Apoptosis via NF-kappa B signaling was confirmed by detecting expression of caspases, p53 and PARP. Moreover, treatment of a CAC murine model with parthenolide and balsalazide together resulted in significant recovery of body weight and improvement in histologic severity. Administration of parthenolide and balsalazide to CAC mice also suppressed carcinogenesis as demonstrated by uptake of 18F-fluoro-2-deoxy- D-glucose (FDG) using micro-PET/CT scans. These results demonstrate that parthenolide potentiates the efficacy of balsalazide through synergistic inhibition of NF-kappa B activation and the combination of dual agents prevents colon carcinogenesis from chronic inflammation. (C) 2016 AACR.</P>

Tumor necrosis factor α–induced interleukin-32 is positively regulated via the Syk/protein kinase Cδ/JNK pathway in rheumatoid synovial fibroblasts

Mun, Se Hwan,Kim, Jie Wan,Nah, Seong Su,Ko, Na Young,Lee, Jun Ho,Kim, Ju Dong,Kim, Do Kyun,Kim, Hyuk Soon,Choi, Ji Da,Kim, Soo Hyun,Lee, Chang Keun,Park, Seung Hwa,Kim, Bo Kyung,Kim, Hyung Sik,Kim, Yo Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company 2009 Vol.60 No.3

<B>Objective</B><P>Interleukin-32 (IL-32) is a recently discovered cytokine that appears to play a critical role in human rheumatoid arthritis (RA). It is highly expressed in synovium and fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) from RA patients, but not in patients with osteoarthritis (OA). This study was undertaken to assess IL-32 levels in RA synovial fluid (SF) and to investigate the secretion and regulation of IL-32 in RA FLS.</P><B>Methods</B><P>FLS and SF were obtained from the joints of RA patients. The secretion and expression of IL-32 and activation of signaling molecules were examined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, immunoblotting, immunoprecipitation, reverse transcriptase–polymerase chain reaction, and small interfering RNA (siRNA) transfection.</P><B>Results</B><P>IL-32 levels were high in RA SF compared with OA SF. Furthermore, RA FLS expressed and secreted IL-32 when stimulated with tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα). TNFα-induced expression of IL-32 was significantly suppressed, in a dose-dependent manner, by inhibitors of Syk, protein kinase Cδ (PKCδ), and JNK and by knockdown of these kinases and c-Jun with siRNA. We also observed that PKCδ mediated the activation of JNK and c-Jun, and experiments using specific inhibitors and siRNA demonstrated that Syk was the upstream kinase for the activation of PKCδ.</P><B>Conclusion</B><P>The present findings suggest that IL-32 may be a newly identified prognostic biomarker in RA, thereby adding valuable knowledge to the understanding of this disease. The results also demonstrate that the production of IL-32 in RA FLS is regulated by Syk/PKCδ-mediated signaling events.</P>

Urinary MicroRNAs of Prostate Cancer: Virus-Encoded hsv1-miRH18 and hsv2-miR-H9-5p Could Be Valuable Diagnostic Markers

Yun, Seok Joong,Jeong, Pildu,Kang, Ho Won,Kim, Ye-Hwan,Kim, Eun-Ah,Yan, Chunri,Choi, Young-Ki,Kim, Dongho,Kim, Jung Min,Kim, Seon-Kyu,Kim, Seon-Young,Kim, Sang Tae,Kim, Won Tae,Lee, Ok-Jun,Koh, Gou-Yo Korean Continence Society 2015 International Neurourology Journal Vol.19 No.2

<P><B>Purpose:</B></P><P>MicroRNAs (miRNAs) in biological fluids are potential biomarkers for the diagnosis and assessment of urological diseases such as benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and prostate cancer (PCa). The aim of the study was to identify and validate urinary cell-free miRNAs that can segregate patients with PCa from those with BPH. </P><P><B>Methods:</B></P><P>In total, 1,052 urine, 150 serum, and 150 prostate tissue samples from patients with PCa or BPH were used in the study. A urine-based miRNA microarray analysis suggested the presence of differentially expressed urinary miRNAs in patients with PCa, and these were further validated in three independent PCa cohorts, using a quantitative reverse transcriptionpolymerase chain reaction analysis. </P><P><B>Results:</B></P><P>The expression levels of hsa-miR-615-3p, hsv1-miR-H18, hsv2-miR-H9-5p, and hsa-miR-4316 were significantly higher in urine samples of patients with PCa than in those of BPH controls. In particular, herpes simplex virus (hsv)-derived hsv1-miR-H18 and hsv2-miR-H9-5p showed better diagnostic performance than did the serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test for patients in the PSA gray zone. Furthermore, a combination of urinary hsv2-miR-H9-5p with serum PSA showed high sensitivity and specificity, providing a potential clinical benefit by reducing unnecessary biopsies. </P><P><B>Conclusions:</B></P><P>Our findings showed that hsv-encoded hsv1-miR-H18 and hsv2-miR-H9-5p are significantly associated with PCa and can facilitate early diagnosis of PCa for patients within the serum PSA gray zone.</P>

New aptamer selection method for fungal peroxidase (CiP)

Yo Han Kim,Yong Hwan Kim,Kee hoon Won,Bong Keun Song,Beom Soo Kim 한국생물공학회 2005 한국생물공학회 학술대회 Vol.2005 No.4

흰쥐의 척수손상 망상체핵 유발 전위의 변화

김학선,김상수,심대무,김태요,임경수,김종환 대한척추외과학회 1999 대한척추외과학회지 Vol.6 No.1

목적 : 척수의 손상 후 운동 회복은 세로토닌계 축삭이 재생하여 운동 신경원과 새로운 접합부를 형성하여 이루어진다고 믿어진다. 해부학적으로 신경사가 재생된다면 전기 생리적 방법으로도 이를 증명할 수 있어야 한다. 이와 관련하여 흉추부에 척수손상을 입은 쥐에서 뒷다리 운동을 회복하는 시기는 대뇌피질을 자극하여 유발된 운동 유 발 전위의 회복과 밀접한 관계가 있는 것으로 알려졌다. 이러한 사실을 확인하고 회복 기전을 밝히는데 도움이 되고자 백서 제 5-6 흉추간 척수의 배측 1/4을 남기고 손상을 준 후 망상체 척수로 유발 전위를 측정하였다. 대상 및 방법 : 80 마리의 백서를 무균 수술을 통하여 제 5-6 흉추간을 제 11 번 칼을 이용하여 손상을 준후 손상 직후부터 최장 6 1일간 망상체 척추로 유발 전위를 측정하였다. 손상준 동측의 망상체 핵을 자극하고, 유발 전위의 측정은 제 2-3 요추간에 후궁 절제술후 2 M Nacl (1.5-2.0 M Ohm)으로 채워진 미세 전극을 사용하였다. 망상체핵 자극에 의한 운동 유발 전위 발생을 감지하기 위하여 제 6 흉추에서 경막외 측정을 하는 동시에 유리 미세 전극을 이용하여 제 2-3 요추부 척수내 측정을 수행하였다. 결과 : 요추의 배측 전방에서 형성된 장전위를 양측에서 측정하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1) 제 5-6 흉추간에 서 손상을 준 직후 동측의 제 2-3 요추간에서는 장전위가 거의 소멸 하였고, 반대측은 변함이 없이 유지 되었다. 감 소된 손상측의 장전위는 손상후 1주부터 회복 되었으며, 이후 크기가 점차 증가하여 4주 째에는 건측의 장전위 보 다 오히려 4배나 증가 하였다. 2) 장전위의 크기가 측정된 요추부의 척수을 배측에서부터 적은 간격으로 지도화 하 였다. 건측에서는 회백질의 배측 경계부에서 가장 크고, 이에 비하여 손상된측에서는 배측에서 약간 요측으로 이동 하였다. 결론 : 망상체핵 유발 전위가 가장 크게 기록되는 척수내의 위치를 조사한 결과 회백질부와 복측 백질 경계부에서 배측으로 이동하였음을 발견하였다. 따라서 망상체핵 유발 전위가 다시 나타나는 것은 왼쪽에서 완전히 절단되었던 망상핵 척수로가 남아있던 오른쪽으로부터 척수의 중앙선을 건너 재생되어 복측 회백질부의 운동 신경원과 연결을 이루기 때문으로 추정되었다. 배측의 망상 척수로 유발 전위는 손상후 시간의 경과에 따라 회복 되었으며, 4 주 이 후에는 건측 보다 크게 회복 되었다. 이또한 망상체 척수로 유발 전위는 동측과 반대측을 경유하여 내려오며, 손상 후 재조합되어 회복함을 보여준다. Study design : There is a prospective study of 80 Sprague-Dawley rats which were made at the spinal cord lesion T5/6 level, sparing only one ventral quadrant. We monitered medullary reticulospinal neurons(RtN) evoked potentials at the L2/3 level which laminectomy was performed. Objective : to investigate changes in the physiological responses of motor neurons to stimulation of the medullary reticular formation following partial spinal cord lesions sparing only the ventral quadrant. Summery and Back ground data : There were many report that the animals with spinal cord lesion recovered well-coordinated fourlimb locomotion within 2-3 weeks. The time course of the functional recovery of this hindlimb locomotion was correlated with the recovery of motor evoked potentials(MEP), which originate from reticular nuclei. Therefore, it was hypothesized that the return of locomotor function after incomplete spinal cord injury may partially rely on the reorganization of descending inputs to ventral horn neurons previously occupied by damaged afferents. Materials and methods : Total 80 Sprague-Dawley rats were used in this study. Under sterile conditions, spinal cord lesions were made at the T5/6 level using a No. 11 blade, sparing only one ventral quadrant. The animals allowed to survive from one day to 61 days. To monitor RtN evoked potentials, laminectomies were performed at L2/3 level. Field potentials were recorded using a glass microelectrode filled with 2 M NaCl(1.5-2.0 M Ohm). Cord dorsum potentials were also epidurally monitored at L2/3 using a pair of teflon-coated wires. The gigantocellular reticular nucleus ipsilateral to the spared ventral cord was stimulated using a monopolar tungsten microelectrode. Results : The field potentials generated in the ventral horn of the lumbar cord were recorded bilaterally. In some animals field potentials were monitored just before and right after the spinal cord lesion. 1) Following spinal cord lesion at T5/6, the amplitude of RtN evoked potentials declined significantly in the L2/3 ventral gray matter of the completely lesioned side. Field potentials monitored below the ipsilaterally spared ventral quadrant remained unchanged. Depressed RtN evoked potentials in the ventral cord gradually increased during the next four weeks, and finally reached greater than 4 times of the amplitude monitored on the contralateral side. 2) The sites in which field potentials could be monitored in the lumbar spinal cord were mapped. In normal rats, the largest field was monitored near the ventral margin of the gray matter. On the other hand, in spinal cord injured animals, the largest field potentials were located in more dorsal aspects of the ventral horn, suggesting a structural reorganization of the descending inputs has taken place. Conclusion : The RtN evoked potentials in the ventral horn increased gradually for several weeks after the injury. The returned RtN evoked potentials below the completely lesioned side of spinal cord were larger than those seen in normal spinal cord. The time course of returning evoked potentials below the lesioned side of the spinal cord seems to coincide with the restitution of same-side hindlimb locomotion.